[四级题库] 大家版2010年6月19日四级真题深度阅读 黑讲解
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之2010年6月大学英语四级全真预测试题及答案解析2010年6月大学英语四级考试全真预测试题及答案解析一、选词填空题第1题:Blue is the world's favorite color. It is also the color most often 1 with intellect and authority.Most uniforms are blue. In Greek and Roman mythology, blue is the color of sky gods. In the Old Testament, God is 2 by deep blue. Blue and turquoise (青绿色)are represented by the Islamic religion. It is the3 color in the mosques of the world.Blue symbolizes truth, peace and cooperation. It is the color of the flag of the United Nations and of Europe. As the coolest color of the spectrum, it is the hue most likely to have a receding effect. As in the skies and water that 4 us, blue is seen as a peaceful and5 color. Blue light has seen to 6 blood pressure by calming the nervous system hence relaxing the body and mind. Blue creates large airy spaces. It makes rooms bigger.The wrong shade of blue can be uncomfortable. It can also be cold and sterile(枯燥的)unless7 with warmer colors.Light and soft blue makes us feel quiet and protected from the bustle(喧闹)and 8 of the day. Blue bedrooms are restful. Blue bath rooms are appropriately watery. Blue9 depth with greens and reds. Dark blue represents the night making us calm. Its apparently calming effect makes it the perfect tone for the quieter 10 of your living space.[A] represented [I] activity[B] engage [J] zones[C] refreshing [K] foolish[D] surround [L] line[E] curved [M] acquires[F] dominant [N] associated[G]lower [O] rash[H] balanced【参考答案】:NAFDCGHIMJ二、阅读理解第2题:Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace. This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a given society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic variables: language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics, technology, education, and social institutions. To cope with this system, an internationalmanager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation comes only through experience.The most complicated problems in dealing with the cultural environment stem from the fact that one cannot learn culture—one has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One is that business is business the world around, following the model of Pepsi and McDonald’s. In some cases, globalization is a fact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging.The other school proposes that companies must tailor business approaches to individual cultures. Setting up policies and procedures in each country has been compared to an organ transplant; the critical question centers around acceptance or rejection. The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia or even blindness.Fortune examined the international performance of a dozen large companies that earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas. The internationally successful companies all share an important quality: patience. They have not rushed into situations but rather built their operations carefully by following the most basic business principles. These principles are to know your adversary, know your audience, and know your customer.1.According to the passage, which of the following is true?[A]All international managers can learn culture.[B]Business diversity is not necessary.[C]Views differ on how to treat culture in business world.[D]Most people do not know foreign culture well.2.According to the author, the model of Pepsi .[A]is in line with the theories that the business is business the world around[B]is different from the model of McDonald’s[C]shows the reverse of globalization[D]has converged cultural differences3.The two schools of thought .[A]both propose that companies should tailor business approaches to individual cultures[B]both advocate that different policies be set up in different countries[C]admit the existence of cultural diversity in business world[D]both A and B4.This article is supposed to be most useful for those .[A]who are interested in researching the topic of cultural diversity[B]who have connections to more than one type of culture[C]who want to travel abroad[D]who want to run business on International Scale5.According to Fortune, successful internationalcompanies .[A]earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas[B]all have the quality of patience[C]will follow the overseas local cultures[D]adopt the policy of internationalization1小题>、【正确答案】:C2小题>、【正确答案】:A3小题>、【正确答案】:C4小题>、【正确答案】:D5小题>、【正确答案】:D【参考解析】:无第3题:Most shoplifters (商店扒手)agree that the January sales offer wonderful opportunities for the hard-working thief. With the shops so crowded and the staff so busy, it does not require any extraordinary talent to help you to take one or two little things and escape unnoticed. It is known, in the business, as "hoisting".But the hoisting game is not what it used to be. Even at the height of the sales, shoplifters today never know if they are being watched by one of those evil little balls that hang from the ceilings of so many department stores above the most desirable goods.As if that was not trouble enough for them, they can now be filmed at work and obliged to attend a showing of their performance in court.Selfridges was the first big London store to install closed-circuit videotape equipment to watch its sales floors. In October last year the store won its first court case for shoplifting using a evidence a videotape clearly showing a couple stealing dresses. It was an important test case which encouraged other stores to install similar equipment.When the balls, called sputniks, first make an appearance in shops, it was widely believed that their only function was to frighten shoplifters. Their somewhat ridiculous appearances, the curious holes and red lights going on and off, certainly make the theory believable.It did not take long, however, for serious shoplifters to start showing suitable respect. Soon after the equipment was in operation at Selfridges, store detective Brian Chadwick was sitting in the control room watching a woman secretly putting bottles of perfume into her bag."As she turned to go," Chadwick recalled, "she suddenly looked up at the 'sputnik' and stopped. She could not possibly have seen that the camera was trained on her because it is completely hidden, but she must have had a feeling that I was looking at her.""For a moment she paused, but then she returned to counter and started putting everything back. When she had finished, she opened her bag towards the camera to show it was empty and hurried out of the store."1. January is a good month for shoplifters because ________.[A] they don't need to wait for staff to serve them[B] they don't need any previous experience as thieves[C] there are so many people in the store[D] January sales offer wonderful opportunities for them2. The sputniks hanging from the ceiling are intended ________.[A] to watch the most desirable goods [C] to frighten shoplifters by their appearance[B] to make films that can be used as evidence [D] to be used as evidence against shoplifters3. The case last October was important because ________ .[A] the store got the dresses back[B] the equipment was able to frighten shoplifters[C] other shops found out about the equipment[D] the kind of evidence supplied was accepted by court4. The woman stealing perfume ________.[A] guessed what the sputniks were for [C] could see the camera filming her[B] was frightened by its shape [D] knew that the detective had seen her5. The woman's action before leaving the store shows that she ________.[A] was sorry for what she had done[B] was afraid she would be arrested[C]decided she didn't want what she had picked up[D] wanted to prove she had not intended to steal anything1小题>、【正确答案】:C2小题>、【正确答案】:B3小题>、【正确答案】:D4小题>、【正确答案】:A5小题>、【正确答案】:B【参考解析】:无三、完型填空第4题:Who won the World Cup 1994 football game? What happened at the United Nations? How did the critics like the new play?1 an event takes place, newspapers are on the streets2 the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reports are on the spot to 3 the news. Newspapers have one basic 4 , to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to 5 it. Radio, telegraph, television,and 6 inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communication 7 , this competition merely spurred the newspapers on. They quickly made use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the 8 and thus the efficiency of their own operations. Today more newspapers are 9 and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out to many other fields. Besides keeping readers 10 of the latest news, today’s newspapers11 and influence readers about politics and other important and serious matters. Newspapers influence readers’ economic choices 12 advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very 13 .News-papers are sold at a price that 14 even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main 15 of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The 16 in selling advertising depends on a newspaper’s value to advertisers. This17 in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper? Circulation depends18 on the work of the circulation department and on the services or entertainment 19 in a newspaper’s pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspaper’s value to readers as a source of information 20 the community, city, country, state, nation, and world—and even outer space.1.[A]Just when [B]While [C]Soon after [D]Before2.[A]to give [B]giving [C]given [D]being given3.[A]gather [B]spread [C]carry [D]bring4.[A]reason [B]cause [C]problem [D]purpose5.[A]make [B]publish [C]know [D]write6.[A]another [B]other [C]one another [D]the other7.[A]However [B]And [C]Therefore [D]So8.[A]value [B]ratio [C]rate [D]speed9.[A]spread [B]passed [C]printed [D]completed10.[A]inform [B]be informed [C]to informed [D]informed11.[A]entertain [B]encourage [C]educate [D]edit12.[A]on [B]through [C]with [D]of13.[A]forms [B]existence [C]contents [D]purpose14.[A]tries to cover [B]manages to cover[C]fails to cover [D]succeeds in15.[A]source [B]origin [C]course [D]finance16.[A]way [B]means [C]chance [D]success17.[A]measures [B]measured [C]is measured [D]was measured18.[A]somewhat [B]little [C]much [D]something19.[A]offering [B]offered [C]which offered [D]to be offered20.[A]by [B]with [C]at [D]about1小题>、【正确答案】:A2小题>、【正确答案】:A3小题>、【正确答案】:A4小题>、【正确答案】:D5小题>、【正确答案】:C6小题>、【正确答案】:B7小题>、【正确答案】:A8小题>、【正确答案】:D9小题>、【正确答案】:C10小题>、【正确答案】:D11小题>、【正确答案】:C12小题>、【正确答案】:B13小题>、【正确答案】:B14小题>、【正确答案】:C15小题>、【正确答案】:A16小题>、【正确答案】:D17小题>、【正确答案】:C18小题>、【正确答案】:C19小题>、【正确答案】:B20小题>、【正确答案】:D【参考解析】:无四、阅读理解第5题:Even if the wetlands were restored and new levees were built, the combination of geologic subsidence and rising sea levels will likely sink New Orleans another meter by 2100. The problem might be solved by another ambitious plan, says Roel Boumans, a coastal scientist at the University of Vermont in Burlington who did his ph.D. at LSU: shoring up the lowest land with a slurry of sediment piped in from the river. The majority of the buildings in the flooded areas will have to be razed anyway, he says, "so why not take this opportunity to fix the root of the problem?" The river could deposit enough sediment to raise the bottom of the New Orleans bowl to sea level "in 50 to 60 years," he estimates. In the meantime, people could live in these areas Venice-style, with buildings built on stilts. Boumans even takes it a step further: "You would have to raise everything about 30 centimeters once every 30 years, so why not make the job easier by making houses that can float."Whether that is technically or politically feasible—Day, for one, calls it "not likely" —remains to be seen, especially because until now, the poorest residents lived in the lowest parts of the city. Any decision on how best to protect the city in the future will be tied to how many people will live there, and where. "there may be a large contingent of residents and businesses who choose not to return," says Bill Good, an environmental scientist at LSU and manager of the Louisiana Geological Survey's Coastal Processes section. It is also not yet clear how decisions about the reconstruction will be made, says Good, "Since there is no precedent of comparable magnitude." Every level of government is sure to be involved, and "the process is likely to be ad hoc."Even with the inevitable mingling of science and politics, we still have "a unique chance to back out of some bad decisions," says Good, who grew up in New Orleans. "I hope that we don't let this once-in-history opportunity slip through our fingers in the rush to rebuild the city:"1. The passage gives a general description of the suggestions to reconstruct New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina.2. Two examples to deal with water are Netherlands and Venice.3. The canals have nothing to do with the flooding.4. The levees will be shored up further with clear long-term fate.5. The basic problem for New Orleans is the subsidence of Mississippi River delta.6. The key component of Coast 2050 is wetland restoration.7. The plan of Coast 2050 will get billions of federal funding.8. New Orleans will likely sink ________________ by 2100.9. Another ambitious plan is to shoring up the lowest land with a slurry of sediment ________________.10. How decisions about the reconstruction will be made is also ________________.1小题>【参考答案】:略五、翻译第6题:There’s a man at the rece ption desk who see, ms very angry and I think he means (想找麻烦).【参考答案】:to make trouble第7题:Why didn’t you tell me you could lend me the money? I (本来不必从银行借钱的).【参考答案】:needn’t have borrowed it from the bank第8题:(正是由于她太没有经验) that she does not know how to deal with the situation.【参考答案】:It is because she is so inexperienced第9题:I (将做实验) from three to five this afternoon【参考答案】:will be doing/conducting the experiment第10题:If this can’t be settled reasonably, it may be necessary to (诉诸武力).【参考答案】:resort to force六、写作题第11题:Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Choosing an Occupation. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 选择职业是一个人要面对的众多难题之一。
2010年6月大学英语四级考试试题Part ⅠWritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.1. 如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写2. 出现这种现象的原因是……3. 为了改变这种状况,我认为……Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling_________________________________________________________________________________Part ⅠWritingPart ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)Caught in the WebA few months ago, it wasn't unusual for 47-year-old Carla Toebe to spend 15 hours per day online. She'd wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet dating sites and instant-messaging programs—leaving her bed for only brief intervals. Her household bills piled up, along with the dishes and dirty laundry, but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem."I was starting to feel like my whole world was falling apart—kind of slipping into a depression," said Carla. "I knew that if I didn't get off the dating sites, I'd just keep going," detaching (使脱离) herself further from the outside world.Toebe's conclusion: She felt like she was "addicted" to the Internet. She's not alone.Concern about excessive Internet use isn't new. As far back as 1995, articles in medical journals and the establishment of a Pennsylvania treatment center for overusers generated interest in the subject. There's still no consensus on how much time online constitutes too much or whether addiction is possible.But as reliance on the Web grows, there are signs that the question is getting more serious attention: Last month, a study published in CNS Spectrums claimed to be the first large-scale look at excessive Internet use. The American Psychiatric Association may consider listing Internet addiction in the next edition of its diagnostic manual. And scores of online discussion boards have popped up on which people discuss negative experiences tied to too much time on the Web."There's no question that there are people who are seriously in trouble because they're overdoing their Internet involvement," said psychiatrist (精神科医生) Ivan Goldberg. Goldberg calls the problem a disorder rather than a true addiction.Jonathan Bishop, a researcher in Wales specializing in online communities, is more skeptical. "The Internet is an environment," he said. "You can't be addicted to the environment." Bishop describes the problem as simply a matter of priorities, which can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals and plans in place of time spent online.The new CNS Spectrums study was based on results of a nationwide telephone survey of more than 2,500 adults. Like the 2005 survey, this one was conducted by Stanford University researchers. About 6% of respondents reported that "their relationships suffered because of excessive Internet use." About 9% attempted to conceal "nonessential Internet use," and nearly 4%reported feeling "preoccupied by the Internet when offline."About 8% said they used the Internet as a way to escape problems, and almost 14% reported they "found it hard to stay away from the Internet for several days at a time.""The Internet problem is still in its infancy," said Elias Aboujaoude, a Stanford professor. No single online activity is to blame for excessive use, he said. "They're online in chat rooms, checking e-mail or writing blogs. [The problem is] not limited to porn (色情) or gambling" websites.Excessive Internet use should be defined not by the number of hours spent online but "in terms of losses," said Maressa Orzack, a Harvard University professor. "If it's a loss [where] you're not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then it's too much."Since the early 1990s, several clinics have been established in the U.S. to treat heavy Internet users. They include the Center for Internet Addiction Recovery and the Center for Internet Behavior.The website for Orzack's center lists the following among the psychological symptoms of computer addiction:·Having a sense of well-being (幸福) or excitement while at the computer.·Longing for more and more time at the computer.·Neglect of family and friends.·Feeling empty, depressed or irritable when not at the computer.·Lying to employers and family about activities.·Inability to stop the activity.·Problems with school or job.Physical symptoms listed include dry eyes, backaches, skipping meals, poor personal hygiene (卫生) and sleep disturbances.People who struggle with excessive Internet use may be depressed or have other mood disorders, Orzack said. When she discusses Internet habits with her patients, they often report that being online offers a "sense of belonging, an escape, excitement [and] fun," she said. "Some people say relief... because they find themselves so relaxed."Some parts of the Internet seem to draw people in more than others. Internet gamers spend countless hours competing in games against people from all over the world. One such game, called World of Warcraft, is cited on many sites by posters complaining of a "gaming addiction."Andrew Heidrich, an education network administrator from Sacramento, plays World of Warcraft for about two to four hours every other night, but that's nothing compared with the 40 to 60 hours a week he spent playing online games when he was in college. He cut back only after a full-scale family intervention (干预), in which relatives told him he'd gained weight."There's this whole culture of competition that sucks people in" with online gaming, said Heidrich, now a father of two. "People do it at the expense of everything that was a constant in their lives." Heidrich now visits websites that discuss gaming addiction regularly "to remind myself to keep my love for online games in check."Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In August, when she first realized she had a problem, she posted a message on a Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subject fine: "I have an Internet Addiction.""I am self-employed and need the Internet for my work, but I'm failing to accomplish mywork, to take care of my home, to give attention to my children," she wrote in a message sent to the group. "I have no money or insurance to get professional help; I can't even pay my mortgage (抵押贷款) and face losing everything."Since then, Toebe said, she has kept her promise to herself to cut back on her Internet use. "I have a boyfriend now, and I'm not interested in online dating," she said by phone last week. "It's a lot better now."1. What eventually made Carla Toebe realize she was spending too much time on the Internet?A) Her daughters' repeated complaints. B) Fatigue resulting from lack of sleep.C) The poorly managed state of her house. D) The high financial costs adding up.2. What does the author say about excessive Internet use?A) People should be warned of its harmful consequences.B) It has become virtually inevitable.C) It has been somewhat exaggerated.D) People haven't yet reached agreement on its definition.3. Jonathan Bishop believes that the Internet overuse problem can be solved if people ______.A) try to improve the Internet environment B) become aware of its serious consequencesC) can realize what is important in life D) can reach a consensus on its definition4. According to Professor Maressa Orzack, Internet use would be considered excessive if ______.A) it seriously affected family relationships B) one visited porn websites frequentlyC) too much time was spent in chat rooms D) people got involved in online gambling5. According to Orzack, people who struggle with heavy reliance on the Internet may feel ______.A) discouraged B) pressured C) depressedD) puzzled6. Why did Andrew Heidrich cut back on online gaming?A) He had lost a lot of money. B) His family had intervened.C) He had offended his relatives. D) His career had been mined.7. Andrew Heidrich now visits websites that discuss online gaming addiction to ______.A) improve his online gaming skills B) curb his desire for online gamingC) show how good he is at online gaming D) exchange online gaming experience8. In one of the messages she posted on a website, Toebe admitted that she _______________.9. Excessive Internet use had rendered Toebe so poor that she couldn't afford to seek_______________.10. Now that she's got a boyfriend, Toebe is no longer crazy about _______________.Part ⅢListening ComprehensionSection A11. A) He has proved to be a better reader than the woman.B) He has difficulty understanding the book.C) He cannot get access to the assigned book.D) He cannot finish his assignment before the deadline.12. A) She will drive the man to the supermarket. B) The man should buy a car of his own.C) The man needn't go shopping every week. D) She can pick the man up at the grocery store.13. A) Get more food and drinks. B) Ask his friend to come over.C) Tidy up the place. D) Hold a party.14. A) The talks can be held any day except this Friday.B) He could change his schedule to meet John Smith.C) The first-round talks should start as soon as possible.D) The woman should contact John Smith first.15. A) He understands the woman's feelings. B) He has gone through a similar experience.C) The woman should have gone on the field trip. D) The teacher is just following the regulations.16. A) She will meet the man halfway. B) She is sorry the man will not come.C) She will ask David to talk less. D) She has to invite David to the party.17. A) Few students understand Prof. Johnson's lectures. B) Few students meet Profi Johnson's requirements.C) Many students find Profi Johnson's lectures boring. D) Many students have dropped Profi Johnson's class.18. A) Check their computer files. B) Make some computations.C) Study a computer program. D) Assemble a computer.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) It allows him to make a lot of friends. B) It requires him to work long hours.C) It enables him to apply theory to practice. D) It helps him understand people better.20. A) It is intellectually challenging. B) It requires him to do washing-up all the time.C) It exposes him to oily smoke all day long. D) It demands physical endurance and patience.21. A) In a hospital. B) At a coffee shop.C) At a laundry. D) In a hotel.22. A) Getting along well with colleagues. B) Paying attention to everydetail.C) Planning everything in advance. D) Knowing the needs of customers.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) The pocket money British children get. B) The annual inflation rate in Britain.C) The things British children spend money on. D) The rising cost of raising a child in Britain.24. A) It enables children to live better. B) It goes down during economic recession.C) It often rises higher than 'inflation. D) It has gone up 25% in the past decade.25. A) Save up for their future education. B) Pay for small personal things.C) Buy their own shoes and socks. D) Make donations when necessary.Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) District managers. B) Regular customers.C) Sales directors. D) Senior clerks.27. A) The support provided by the regular clients. B) The initiative shown by the sales representatives.C) The urgency of implementing the company's plans. D) The important part played by district managers.28. A) Some of them were political-minded. B) Fifty percent of them were female.C) One third of them were senior managers. D) Most of them were rather conservative.29. A) He used too many quotations. B) He was not gender sensitive.C) He did not keep to the point. D) He spent too much time on details.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) State your problem to the head waiter. B) Demand a discount on the dishes ordered.C) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly. D) Ask the name of the person waiting on you.31. A) Your problem may not be understood correctly.B) You don't know if you are complaining at the right time.C) Your complaint may not reach the person in charge.D) You can't tell how the person on the line is reacting.32. A) Demand a prompt response. B) Provide all the details.C) Send it by express mail. D) Stick to the point~Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) Fashion designer. B) Architect.C) City planner. D) Engineer.34. A) Do some volunteer work. B) Get a well-paid part-time job.C) Work flexible hours. D) Go back to her previous post.35. A) Few baby-sitters can be considered trustworthy. B) It will add to the family's financial burden.C) A baby-sitter is no replacement for a mother. D) The children won't get along with a baby-sitter.Section CAlmost every child, on the first day he sets foot in a school building, is smarter, more (36) , less afraid of what he doesn't know, better at finding and (37) things out, more confident, resourceful (机敏的), persistent and (38) than he will ever be again in his schooling—or, unless he is very (39) and very lucky, for the rest of his life. Already, by paying close attention to and (40) with the world and people around him, and without any school-type (41) instruction, he has done a task far more difficult, complicated and (42) than anything he will be asked to do in school, or than any of his teachers has done for years. He has solved the (43) of language. He has discovered it—babies don't even know that language exists—and (44) He has done it by exploring, by experimenting, by developing his own model of the grammar of language, (45) until it does work. And while he has been doing this, he has been learning other things as well, (46) and many that are more complicated than the ones they do try to teach him.Part ⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section AQuestions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones—the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the U.S. has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be (47) wasteful to tear them all down and (48) them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the (49) carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest (50) , the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of U.S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and (51) our homes, offices and other buildings. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust.With some (52) , the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that (53) over time and let in more outside air.Fortunately, there are a (54) number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from (55) ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home. And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help (56) property owners from rising power costs.A) accommodations B) clumsy C) doubtfully D) exceptionsE) expand F) historic G) incredibly H) poweringI) protect J) reduced K) replace L) senseM) shifted N) supplying O) vastSection BPassage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.You never see them, but they're with you every time you fly. They record where you're going, how fast you're traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally. Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book. They are known as the black box.When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to the Comoros Islands in the Indian Ocean June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a French submarine (潜水艇) detected the device's homing signal five days later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the first model for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. commercial flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane—the area least subject to impact—from its original position in the landing wells (起落架舱). That same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.Modem airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots' conversations, and a flight- data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine noises and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircraft's final moments. Placed in an insulated (隔绝的) case and surrounded by quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can withstand massive force and temperatures up to 2,000°F. When submerged, they're also able to emit signals from depths of 20,000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1, 2009, are in water nearly that deep, but statistics say they're still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only one plane's black boxes were never recovered.57. What does the author say about the black box?A) It ensures the normal functioning of an airplane. B) The idea for its design comes from a comic book.C) Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible. D) It is an indispensable device on an airplane.58. What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni airliner?A) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash. B) The total number of passengers on board.C) The scene of the crash and extent of the damage. D) Homing signals sent by the pilotbefore the crash.59. Why was the black box redesigned in 19657A) New materials became available by that time. B) Too much space was needed for its installation.C) The early models often got damaged in the crash. D) The early models didn't provide the needed data.60. why did the Federal Aviation Authority require the black boxes be painted orange or yellow?A) To distinguish them from the color of the plane. B) To caution people to handle them with care.C) To make them easily identifiable. D) To conform to international standards.61. What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?A) There is still a good chance of their being recovered.B) There is an urgent need for them to be restructured.C) They have stopped sending homing signals.D) They were destroyed somewhere near Brazil.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like "I never do anything fight" into positive ones like "I can succeed." But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale fight? Is there power in positive thinking?Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.The study's authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your dim friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, you're just underlining his faults.In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students' self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. when it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, "I am lovable."Those with low self-esteem didn't feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren't urged to think positive thoughts.The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.62. what do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry?A) It is a highly profitable industry. B) It is based on the concept of positive thinking.C) It was established by Norman Vincent Peale. D) It has yielded positive results.63. What is the finding of the Canadian researchers?A) Encouraging positive thinking may do more harm than good.B) There can be no simple therapy for psychological problems.C) Unhappy people cannot think positively.D) The power of positive thinking is limited.64. What does the author mean by "... you're just underlining his faults" (Line 4, Para 3)?A) You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough.B) You are pointing out the errors he has committed.C) You are emphasizing the fact that he is not intelligent.D) You are trying to make him feel better about his faults.65. What do we learn from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic?A) It is important for people to continually boost their self-esteem.B) Self-affirmation can bring a positive change to one's mood.C) Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem.D) People with low self-esteem seldom write down their true feelings.66. what do we learn from the last paragraph?A) The effects of positive thinking vary from person to person.B) Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy.C) Different people tend to have different ways of thinking.D) People can avoid making mistakes through meditation.Part ⅤClozeThe term e-commerce refers to all com mercial transactions conducted over the Internet, including transactions by consumers and business to-business transactions. Conceptually, e-commerce does not (67) from well-known commercial offerings such as banking by phone, "mail order" catalogs, or sending a purchase order to a supplier (68) fax. E-commerce follows the same model (69) in other business trans actions; the difference (70) in the details.To a consumer, the most visible form of e-commerce consists (71) online ordering. A customer begins with a catalog of possible items, (72) an item, arranges a form of payment, and (73) an order. Instead of a physical catalog, e-commerce arranges for catalogs to be (74) on the Internet. Instead of sending an order on paper or by telephone, e-commerce arranges for orders to be sent (75) a computer network. Finally, instead of sending a paper representation of payment such as a check, e-commerce (76) one to send payment information electronically.In the decade (77) 1993, e-commerce grew from an (78) novelty (新奇事物) to a mainstream business influence. In 1993, few (79) had a web page, and (80) a handful allowed one to order products or services online. Ten years (81) , both large and small businesses had web pages, and most (82) users with the opportunity to place an order. (83) , many banks added online access, (84) online banking and bill paying became (85) More importantly, the value of goods and ser vices (86) over the Internet grew dramatically after 1997.67. A) distract B) descendC) differ D) derive68. A) with B) viaC) from D) off69. A) appeared B) usedC) resorted D) served70. A) situates B) liesC) roots D) locates71. A) on B) ofC) for D) to72. A) reflects B) detectsC) protects D) selects73. A) sends in B) puts outC) stands for D) carries away74. A) visible B) responsibleC) feasible D) sensible75. A) beside B) overC) beyond D) up76. A) appeals B) admitsC) advocates D) allows77. A) after B) behindC) until D) toward78. A) optional B) invalidC) occasional D) insignificant79. A) communities B) corpsC) corporations D) compounds80. A) largely B) slightlyC) solely D) only81. A) lately B) laterC) late D) latter82. A) offered B) convincedC) equipped D) provided83. A) Instead B) NeverthelessC) However D) Besides84. A) and B) orC) but D) though85. A) different B) flexibleC) widespread D) productive86. A) acquired B) adaptedC) practiced D) proceededPart ⅥTranslation87.Because of the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty____________________________(集中注意力在实验上).88. The manager never laughed; neither____________________________(她也从来没有发过脾气).89. We look forward to____________________________(被邀请出席开幕式).90. It is suggested that the air conditioner___________________________(要安装在窗户旁).91. The 16-year-old girl decided to travel abroad on her own despite____________________________(她父母的强烈反对).。
2010年6月英语四级考试真题Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1. 如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写2. 出现这种情况的原因3. 为了改变这种状况,我认为…Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling_______________________________________________________________________________ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Caught in the WebA few months ago, it wasn't unusual for 47-year-old Carla Toebe to spend 15 hours per day online. She'd wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet dating sites and instant-messaging programs – leaving her bed for only brief intervals. Her household bills piled up, along with the dishes and dirty laundry, but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem."I was starting to feel like my whole world was falling apart – kind of slipping into a depression," said Carla. "I knew that if I didn't get off the dating sites, I'd just keep going," detaching (使脱离) herself further from the outside world.Toebe's conclusion: She felt like she was "addicted" to the Internet. She's not alone.Concern about excessive Internet use isn't new. As far back as 1995, articles in medical journals and the establishment of a Pennsylvania treatment center for overusers generated interest in the subject. There's still no consensus on how much time online constitutes too much or whether addiction is possible.But as reliance on the Web grows, there are signs that the question is getting more serious attention: Last month, a study published in CNS Spectrums claimed to be the first large-scale look at excessive Internet use. The American Psychiatric Association may consider listing Internet addiction in the next edition of its diagnostic manual. And scores of online discussion boards have popped up on which people discuss negative experiences tied to too much time on the Web."There's no question that there're people who're seriously in trouble because they're overdoing their Internet involvement," said psychiatrist (精神科医生) Ivan Goldberg. Goldberg calls the problem a disorder rather than a true addiction.Jonathan Bishop, a researcher in Wales specializing in online communities, is more skeptical. "The Internet is an environment," he said. "You can't be addicted to the environment." Bishop describes the problem as simply a matter of priorities, which can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals and plans in place of time spent online.The new CNS Spectrums study was based on results of a nationwide telephone survey of more than 2,500 adults. Like the 2005 survey, this one was conducted by Stanford University researchers.About 6% of respondents reported that "their relationships suffered because of excessive Internet use." About 9% attempted to conceal "nonessential Internet use," and nearly 4% reported feeling "preoccupied by the Internet when offline."About 8% said they used the Internet as a way to escape problems, and almost 14% reported they "found it hard to stay away from the Internet for several days at a time.""The Internet problem is still in its infancy," said Elias Aboujaoude, a Stanford professor. No single online activity is to blame for excessive use, he said. "They're online in chat rooms, checking e-mail, or writing blogs. [The problem is] not limited to porn (色情) or gambling" websites.Excessive Internet use should be defined not by the number of hours spent online but "in terms of losses," said Maressa Orzack, a Harvard University professor. "If it's a loss [where] you're not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then it's too much."Since the early 1990s, several clinics have been established in the U. S. to treat heavy Internet users. They include the Center for Internet Addiction Recovery and the Center for Internet Behavior.The website for Orzack's center lists the following among the psychological symptoms of computer addiction:● Having a sense of well-being (幸福) or excitement while at the computer.● Longing for more and more time at the computer.● Neglect of family and friends.● Feeling empty, depressed or irritable when not at the computer.● Lying to employers and family about activities.● Inability to stop the activity.● Problems with school or job.Physical symptoms listed include dry eyes, backaches, skipping meals, poor personal hygiene (卫生) and sleep disturbances.People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed or have other mood disorders, Orzack said. When she discusses Internet habits with her patients, they often report that being online offers a "sense of belonging, and escape, excitement [and] fun," she said. "Some people say relief…because they find themselves so relaxed."Some parts of the Internet seem to draw people in more than others. Internet gamers spend countless hours competing in games against people from all over the world. One such game, called World of Warcraft, is cited on many sites by posters complaining of a "gaming addiction."Andrew Heidrich, an education network administrator from Sacramento, plays World of Warcraft for about two to four hours every other night, but that's nothing compared with the 40 to 60 hours a week he spent playing online games when he was in college. He cut back only after a full-scale family intervention (干预), in which relatives told him he'd gained weight."There's this whole culture of competition that sucks people in" with online gaming, said Heidrich, now a father of two. "People do it at the expense of everything that was a constant in their lives." Heidrich now visits websites that discuss gaming addiction regularly "to remind myself to keep my love for online games in check."Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In August, when she first realized she had a problem, she posted a message on a Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subject line: "I have an Internet Addiction.""I'm self-employed and need the Internet for my work, but I'm failing to accomplish my work,to take care of my home, to give attention to my children," she wrote in a message sent to the group."I have no money or insurance to get professional help; I can't even pay my mortgage (抵押贷款) and face losing everything."Since then, Toebe said, she has kept her promise to herself to cut back on her Internet use. "I have a boyfriend now, and I'm not interested in online dating," she said by phone last week. "It's a lot better now."注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
57. C) Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible.58. A) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.59. C) The early models often got damaged in the crash.60. C) To make them easily identifiable.61. A) There is still a good chance of their being recoverd.这篇文章简短介绍了黑匣子的历史。
前面两段说明了黑匣子的功用:记录各类飞行数据、帮助分析空难的原因。
第三段是讲黑匣子的演变:从摆放位置到颜色。
最后一段举例说明了黑匣子的作用。
文章出自《TIME》,进行了一些改动和删减。
57题,答案是第一段的“Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book”,它们承受任何灾难的能力使得他们看起来像是出自连环漫画册。
也就是说抗风险能力惊人。
正好对应于C选项,ward off,避开,挡住的意思。
A不对,不能ensure,黑匣子只是记录飞行数据,从中看出是否正常,但不能保证。
B也不对,原文虽然有comic book,但是用来形容黑匣子抗灾难能力的,不是真的说黑匣子出自comic book。
D不对,文章虽然介绍了黑匣子的一些功用,但没有强调indispensable(必不可少)。
做阅读一定要在文中找答案,不可加入自己的理解。
58题,答案是这一句:the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy,决定这起悲剧的原因。
也就是A选项所说的:分析这起空难原因的数据。
2010年6月大学英语四级考试答案及解析作文参考(A)Nowadays, students attach less importance to the spelling of words in the process of English study. This phenomenon greatly influences students’ writing and brings on worries among teachers.There are possibly three reasons contributing to this phenomenon. First, exam-oriented education makes the students pay less attention to spelling. Second, some teachers should also be responsible for it because they don’t emphasize the importance of spelling during teaching. Last but not least, some students are too lazy to recite words.Since spelling is one of the most important factors in English study, due attention should be given to it. As for me, I think, first, exams should be modified to add some factors into it, which would help students pay more attention to spelling. Then, schools should also set effective mechanisms to help teachers as well as the students to realize the importance. Finally, for students themselves, they can, through other ways, make them be interested in word spelling. Only by these can we surly realize the importance of spelling and make improvement.(B)What is hot for 2010 in our colleges? It is the spelling mistakes. Countless students lack due attention to spelling. Taking a look around, we can find examples too numerous to list, the one may be “challenge”. Freshman and sophomore almost write this word as “challenge”. How careless they are!Why such a phenomenon sweeps every university? Some experts attribute it to students’ inattention, because students always pay no attention to spelling. However, other experts argue, the teachers should be blamed for this situation. In my opinion, it is far beyond any reasonable doubt that both of them should exert themselves to change the spelling mistakes.As far as I’m concerned, I firmly argue that we need to attach great importance to word-spelling. To the students, they should write English as much as they can. Meanwhile, to the teachers, the dictations should be reinforced in the class.快速阅读1. A) her daughers' repeated complains根据第一段最后一句”but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem.” 直到她的四个女儿不停的抱怨,她才意识到自己出了问题。
2010年6月四级考题及答案2010年6月四级考题Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1. 如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写2. 出现这种情况的原因3. 为了改变这种状况,我认为…Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling_______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Caught in the WebA few months ago, it wasn't unusual for 47-year-old Carla Toebe to spend 15 hours per day online. She'd wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet dating sites and instant-messaging programs –leaving her bed for only brief intervals. Her household bills piled up, along with the dishes and dirty laundry, but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem."I was starting to feel like my whole world was fallingapart – kind of slipping into a depression," said Carla. "I knew that if I didn't get off the dating sites, I'd just keep going," detaching (使脱离) herself further from the outside world.Toebe's conclusion: She felt like she was "addicted" to the Internet. She's not alone.Concern about excessive Internet use isn't new. As far back as 1995, articles in medical journals and the establishment of a Pennsylvania treatment center for overusers generated interest in the subject. There's still no consensus on how much time online constitutes too much or whether addiction is possible.But as reliance on the Web grows, there are signs that the question is getting more serious attention: Last month, a study published in CNS Spectrums claimed to be the first large-scale look at excessive Internet use. The American Psychiatric Association may consider listing Internet addiction in the next edition of its diagnostic manual. And scores of online discussion boards have popped up on which people discuss negative experiences tied to too much time on the Web."There's no question that there're people who're seriously in trouble because they're overdoing their Internet involvement," said psychiatrist (精神科医生) Ivan Goldberg. Goldberg calls the problem a disorder rather than a trueaddiction.Jonathan Bishop, a researcher in Wales specializing in online communities, is more skeptical. "The Internet is an environment," he said. "You can't be addicted to the environment." Bishop describes the problem as simply a matter of priorities, which can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals and plans in place of time spent online.The new CNS Spectrums study was based on results of a nationwide telephone survey of more than 2,500 adults. Like the 2005 survey, this one was conducted by Stanford University researchers.About 6% of respondents reported that "their relationships suffered because of excessive Internet use." About 9% attempted to conceal "nonessential Internet use," and nearly 4% reported feeling "preoccupied by the Internet when offline."About 8% said they used the Internet as a way to escape problems, and almost 14% reported they "found it hard to stay away from the Internet for several days at a time.""The Internet problem is still in its infancy," said Elias Aboujaoude, a Stanford professor. No single online activity is to blame for excessive use, he said. "They're online in chat rooms, checking e-mail, or writing blogs. [The problem is] not limitedto porn (色情) or gambling" websites.Excessive Internet use should be defined not by the number of hours spent online but "in terms of losses," said Maressa Orzack, a Harvard University professor. "If it's a loss [where] you're not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then it's too much."Since the early 1990s, several clinics have been established in the U. S. to treat heavy Internet users. They include the Center for Internet Addiction Recovery and the Center for Internet Behavior.The website for Orzack's center lists the following among the psychological symptoms of computer addiction:● Having a sense of well-being (幸福) or excitement while at the computer.● Longing for more and more time at the computer.● Neglect of family and friends.● Feeling empty, depressed or irritable when not at the computer.● Lying to employers and family about activities.● Inability to stop the activity.● Problems with school or job.Physical symptoms listed include dry eyes, backaches,skipping meals, poor personal hygiene (卫生) and sleep disturbances.People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed or have other mood disorders, Orzack said. When she discusses Internet habits with her patients, they often report that being online offers a "sense of belonging, and escape, excitement [and] fun," she said. "Some people say relief…because they find themselves so relaxed."Some parts of the Internet seem to draw people in more than others. Internet gamers spend countless hours competing in games against people from all over the world. One such game, called World of Warcraft, is cited on many sites by posters complaining of a "gaming addiction."Andrew Heidrich, an education network administrator from Sacramento, plays World of Warcraft for about two to four hours every other night, but that's nothing compared with the 40 to 60 hours a week he spent playing online games when he was in college. He cut back only after a full-scale family intervention (干预), in which relatives told him he'd gained weight."There's this whole culture of competition that sucks people in" with online gaming, said Heidrich, now a father oftwo. "People do it at the expense of everything that was a constant in their lives." Heidrich now visits websites that discuss gaming addiction regularly "to remind myself to keep my love for online games in check."Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In August, when she first realized she had a problem, she posted a message on a Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subject line: "I have an Internet Addiction.""I'm self-employed and need the Internet for my work, but I'm failing to accomplish my work,to take care of my home, to give attention to my children," she wrote in a message sent to the group."I have no money or insurance to get professional help; I can't even pay my mortgage (抵押贷款) and face losing everything."Since then, Toebe said, she has kept her promise to herself to cut back on her Internet use. "I have a boyfriend now, and I'm not interested in online dating," she said by phone last week. "It's a lot better now."注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
生活需要游戏,但不能游戏人生;生活需要歌舞,但不需醉生梦死;生活需要艺术,但不能投机取巧;生活需要勇气,但不能鲁莽蛮干;生活需要重复,但不能重蹈覆辙。
-----无名2010年6月大学英语四级试题及答案一.写作部分(9:00-9:30)Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Letter of Apology according to the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1.娱乐活动多种多样2.娱乐活动可能使人们受益,也可能有危害性3.作为大学生,我的看法。
二.快速阅读(9:30-9:45)Media Selection for AdvertisementsAfter determining the target audience for a product or service, advertising agencies must select the appropriate media for the advertisement. We discuss here the major types of media used in advertising. We focus our attention on seven types of advertising: television, newspapers, radio, magazines, out-of-home. Internet, and direct mail.TelevisionTelevision is an attractive medium for advertising because it delivers mass audiences to advertisers. When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? you can understand the power of television to communicate with a large audience. When advertisers create a brand, for example, they want to impress consumers with the brand and its image. Television provides an ideal vehicle for this type of communication.But television is an expensive medium, and not all advertisers can afford to use it.Television's influence on advertising is fourfold. First, narrowcasting means that television channels are seen by an increasingly narrow segment of the audience. The Golf Channel, for instance.is watched by people who play golf. Home and Garden Television is seen by those interested in household improvement projects. Thus, audiences are smaller and more homogeneous(具有共同特点的) than they have been in the past. Second, there is an increase in the number of television channels available to viewers, and thus, advertisers. This has also resulted in an increase in thesheer number of advertisements to which audiences are exposed. Third, digital recording devices allow audience members more control over which commercials they watch. Fourth, control over programming is being passed from the networks to local cable operators and satellite programmers.Newspaper?After television, the medium attracting the next largest annual ad revenue is newspapers. The New York Times, which reaches a national audience, accounts for $1 billion in ad revenue annually, ii m increased its national circulation (发行量) by 40% and is now available for home delivery in ion ciues. Locally, newspapers are the largest advertising medium.Newspapers are a less expensive advertising medium than television and provide a way for advertisers to communicate a longer. more detailed message to their audience than they can through 48 hours,meaning newspapers are also a quick way of getting the massage out.Newspapers are ofen the most important form of news for a local community, and they develop a high degree of loyalty from local reader.RadioAdvertising on radio continues to grow Radio is often used in conjunction with outdoor bill-boards (广告牌) and ihe Internet to reach even more customers than television. Advertisers are likely to use radio because it is a less expensive medium than television, which means advertisers can afford to repeal their ads often. Internet companies are also turning 10 radio advertising. Radio provides a way for advertisers to communicate with audience members at all times of the day.Consumers listen to radio on their way to school or work, at work, on the way home, and in the evening hours.Two major changes—satellite and Internet radio—will force radio advertisers to adapt their methods. Both of these radio forms allow listeners to tune in stations that are more distant than the local stations they could receive in the past. As a result, radio will increasingly attract target audiences who live many miles apart.MagazinesNewsweeklies, women’s titles, and business magazines have all seen increases in advertising because they attract the high-end market, magazines are popular with advertisers because of the narrow market that they deliver. A broadcast medium such as network television attracts all types of audience members, but magazine audiences are more homogeneous, if you read sports illustrated, for example, you have much in common with the magazine’s other readers. Advertisers see magazines as an efficient way of reaching target audience members.Advertiser using the print media-magazines and newspapers-will need to adapt to two main changes. First, the internet will bring larger audiences to local newspapers, these second. Advertisers will have to understand how to use an increasing number of magazines for their target audiences. Although some magazines will maintain national audiences, a large number ofmagazines will entertain narrower audiences.Out-of-home advertisingOut-of-home advertising. Also called place-based advertising, has become an increasingly effective way of reaching consumers, who are more active than ever before. Many consumers today do not sit at home and watch television. Using billboards, newsstands, and bus shelters for advertising is an effective way of reaching these on-the-go consumers. More consumers travel longer distances to and from work, which also makes out-of-home advertising effective, technology has changed the nature of the billboard business, making it a more effective medium than in the past.Using digital printing, billboard companies can print a billboard in 2 hours, compared with 6 days previously. This allows advertisers more variety in the types of messages they create because they. Can change their messages more quickly.InternetAs consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, advertisers will seek to reach this market As consumers get more of their news and information from the Internet, the ability of television and radio to get the word out to consumers will decrease. The challenge to Internet advertisers Is to create ads that audience members remember.Internet advertising will play a more prominent role in organizations' advertising in the near ftuture. Internet audiences tend to be quite homogeneous, but small. Advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach these audiences and will have to adapt their persuasive strategies to the online medium as well.Direct mailA final advertising medium is direct mail, which uses mailings to consumers to communicate a client's message Direct mail includes newsletters. postcards and special promotions. Direct mail is an effective way to build relationships with consumers.For many businesses.direct mail is the most effective from of advertising.1. Television is an attractive advertising medium in that_____________.A) it has large audiencesB) it appeals to housewivesC) it helps build up a company's reputationD) it is affordable to most advertiser2. With the increase in the number of TV channels_________.A) the cost of TV advertising has decreasedB) the nuiflber of TV viewers has increasedC) advertisers' interest in other media has decreasedD) the number of TV ads people can see has increasedpared with television, newspapers as an advertising medium_________________.A) earn a larger annual ad revenueB) convey more detailed messagesC) use more production techniquesD) get messages out more effectively4.Advertising on radio continues to grow because ___________.A) more local radio stations have been set upB) modern technology makes it more entertainingC) it provides easy access to consumersD) it has been revolutionized by Internet radio.5.Magazines are seen by advertisers as an efficient way to___________.A) reach target audiencesB) modern technology makes it more entertaining C) appeal to educated people.D) convey all kinds of messages6.Oui-of-home advertising has become more effective because_______A) billboards can be replaced within two hoursB) consumers travel more now ever beforeC) such ads have been made much more attractiveD) the pace of urban life is much faster nowadays7. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that are___________.A) quick to updateB) pleasant to look atC) easy to rememberD) convenient to access8. Internet advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach audiences that tend to be_____________9.Direct mail is an effecitive form of advertising for businesses to develop_________________________10.This passage discusses how advertisers select________________for advertisements.注意:收答题卡一作文和快速阅读部分(9:45-10:00)三.听力部分(10:00-10:35)Section C注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2010年6月英语四级考试真题Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1. 如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写2. 出现这种情况的原因3. 为了改变这种状况,我认为…Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling_______________________________________________________________________________ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Caught in the WebA few months ago, it wasn't unusual for 47-year-old Carla Toebe to spend 15 hours per day online. She'd wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet dating sites and instant-messaging programs –leaving her bed for only brief intervals. Her household bills piled up, along with the dishes and dirty laundry, but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem."I was starting to feel like my whole world was falling apart –kind of slipping into a depression," said Carla. "I knew that if I didn't get off the dating sites, I'd just keep going," detaching (使脱离) herself further from the outside world.Toebe's conclusion: She felt like she was "addicted" to the Internet. She's not alone.Concern about excessive Internet use isn't new. As far back as 1995, articles in medical journals and the establishment of a Pennsylvania treatment center for overusers generated interest in the subject. There's still no consensus on how much time online constitutes too much or whether addiction is possible.But as reliance on the Web grows, there are signs that the question is getting more serious attention: Last month, a study published in CNS Spectrums claimed to be the first large-scale look at excessive Internet use. The American Psychiatric Association may consider listing Internet addiction in the next edition of its diagnostic manual. And scores of online discussion boards have popped up on which people discuss negative experiences tied to too much time on the Web."There's no question that there're people who're seriously in trouble because they're overdoing their Internet involvement," said psychiatrist (精神科医生) Ivan Goldberg. Goldberg calls the problem a disorder rather than a true addiction.Jonathan Bishop, a researcher in Wales specializing in online communities, is more skeptical. "The Internet is an environment," he said. "You can't be addicted to the environment." Bishop describes the problem as simply a matter of priorities, which can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals and plans in place of time spent online.The new CNS Spectrums study was based on results of a nationwide telephone survey of more than 2,500 adults. Like the 2005 survey, this one was conducted by Stanford University researchers.About 6% of respondents reported that "their relationships suffered because of excessive Internet use." About 9% attempted to conceal "nonessential Internet use," and nearly 4% reported feeling "preoccupied by the Internet when offline."About 8% said they used the Internet as a way to escape problems, and almost 14% reported they "found it hard to stay away from the Internet for several days at a time.""The Internet problem is still in its infancy," said Elias Aboujaoude, a Stanford professor. No single online activity is to blame for excessive use, he said. "They're online in chat rooms, checking e-mail, or writing blogs. [The problem is] not limited to porn (色情) or gambling" websites.Excessive Internet use should be defined not by the number of hours spent online but "in terms of losses," said Maressa Orzack, a Harvard University professor. "If it's a loss [where] you're not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then it's too much."Since the early 1990s, several clinics have been established in the U. S. to treat heavy Internet users. They include the Center for Internet Addiction Recovery and the Center for Internet Behavior.The website for Orzack's center lists the following among the psychological symptoms of computer addiction:●Having a sense of well-being (幸福) or excitement while at the computer.●Longing for more and more time at the computer.●Neglect of family and friends.●Feeling empty, depressed or irritable when not at the computer.●Lying to employers and family about activities.●Inability to stop the activity.●Problems with school or job.Physical symptoms listed include dry eyes, backaches, skipping meals, poor personal hygiene (卫生) and sleep disturbances.People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed or have other mood disorders, Orzack said. When she discusses Internet habits with her patients, they often report that being online offers a "sense of belonging, and escape, excitement [and] fun," she said. "Some people say relief…because they find themselves so relax ed."Some parts of the Internet seem to draw people in more than others. Internet gamers spend countless hours competing in games against people from all over the world. One such game, called World of Warcraft, is cited on many sites by posters complaining of a "gaming addiction."Andrew Heidrich, an education network administrator from Sacramento, plays World of Warcraft for about two to four hours every other night, but that's nothing compared with the 40 to 60 hours a week he spent playing online games when he was in college. He cut back only after a full-scale family intervention (干预), in which relatives told him he'd gained weight."There's this whole culture of competition that sucks people in" with online gaming, said Heidrich, now a father of two. "People do it at the expense of everything that was a constant in their lives." Heidrich now visits websites that discuss gaming addiction regularly "to remind myself to keep my love for online games in check."Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In August, when she first realized she had a problem, she posted a message on a Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subject line: "I have an Internet Addiction.""I'm self-employed and need the Internet for my work, but I'm failing to accomplish my work,to take care of my home, to give attention to my children," she wrote in a message sent to the group."I have no money or insurance to get professional help; I can't even pay my mortgage (抵押贷款) and face losing everything."Since then, Toebe said, she has kept her promise to herself to cut back on her Internet use. "I have a boyfriend now, and I'm not interested in online dating," she said by phone last week. "It's a lot better now."注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Part I作文2010年6月大学英语四级真题答案及解析完整版——作文范文四级作文范文参考:Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling1.如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写2.出现这种现象的原因3.我认为……(措施)Nowadays fewer and fewer students pay attention to their word-spelling. According to a recent survey, there is a dramatic increase in the number of students who can only imitate the pronunciation of a word but be incapable of spelling it. In this essay I will discuss the factors of this phenomenon and offer my own view on it.There are a number of factors can be accountable for this situation. One of the most common factors is that fewer and fewer students need to write English essays. Besides, the goal of most students to learn English is to speak it and pass the examination which means they just need to select the similar words according to the listening materials and passages. Perhaps the most contributing factor is the wide use of electronic devices such as e-dictionaries and computers and students no longer need to correct the words by themselves.As far as I’m concerned, I firmly argue that we need to attach great importance to word-spelling. To the students, they should write English as much as they can. Meanwhile, to the teachers, the dictations should be reinforced in the class.四级作文解析:(昂立阿古琳娜)此次四级作文仍是考的热点话题现象,此前在我们昂立的课堂上一直向四级考生强调该种类型议论文的重要性。
2010年6月英语四级考试真题及答案(同名1021)2010年6月英语四级考试真题•版权所有•机密★启用前试卷代号:A大学英语四级考试COLLEGE ENGLISH TEST-Band Four-(4XSH 1)试题册--------------------------------------------------------------------------------注意事项一、将自己的校名、姓名、准考证号写在答题卡1和答题卡2上,将本试卷代号划在答题卡2上。
二、试题册、答题卡1和答题卡2均不得带出考场,考试结束,监考员收卷后考生才可离开。
三、仔细读懂题目的说明。
四、在30分钟内做完答题卡1上的作文题。
30分钟后,考生按指令启封试题册,在接着的15分钟内完成快速阅读理解部分的试题,然后监考员收取答题卡1,考生在答题卡2上完成其余部分的试题。
全部答题时间为125分钟,不得拖延时间。
五、考生必须在答题卡上作答,凡是写在试题册上的答案一律无效。
六、多项选择题每题只能选一个答案;如多选,则该题无分。
选定答案后,用HB-2B浓度的铅笔在相应字母的中部划一横线。
正确方法是:[A][B][C][D]使用其它符号答题者不给分。
划线要有一定粗度,浓度要盖过字母底色。
七、在考试过程中要注意对自己的答案保密。
若被他人抄袭,一经发现,后果自负。
全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling. Youday online. She'd wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet dating sites and instant-messaging programs –leaving her bed for only brief intervals. Her household bills piled up, along with the dishes and dirty laundry, but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem."I was starting to feel like my whole world was falling apart –kind of slipping into a depression," said Carla. "I knew that if I didn't get off the dating sites, I'd just keep going," detaching (使脱离) herself further from the outside world.Toebe's conclusion: She felt like she was "addicted" to the Internet. She's not alone.Concern about excessive Internet use isn't new. As far back as 1995, articles in medical journals and the establishment of a Pennsylvania treatment center for overusers generated interest in the subject. There's still no consensus on how much time online constitutestoo much or whether addiction is possible.But as reliance on the Web grows, there are signs that the question is getting more serious attention: Last month, a study published in CNS Spectrums claimed to be the first large-scale look at excessive Internet use. The American Psychiatric Association may consider listing Internet addiction in the next edition of its diagnostic manual. And scores of online discussion boards have popped up on which people discuss negative experiences tied to too much time on the Web."There's no question that there're people who're seriously in trouble because they're overdoing their Internet involvement," said psychiatrist (精神科医生) Ivan Goldberg. Goldberg calls the problem a disorder rather than a true addiction.Jonathan Bishop, a researcher in Wales specializing in online communities, is more skeptical. "The Internet is an environment," he said. "You can't be addicted to theenvironment." Bishop describes the problem as simply a matter of priorities, which can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals and plans in place of time spent online.The new CNS Spectrums study was based on results of a nationwide telephone survey of more than 2,500 adults. Like the 2005 survey, this one was conducted by Stanford University researchers.About 6% of respondents reported that "their relationships suffered because of excessive Internet use." About 9% attempted to conceal "nonessential Internet use," and nearly 4% reported feeling "preoccupied by the Internet when offline."About 8% said they used the Internet as a way to escape problems, and almost 14% reported they "found it hard to stay away from the Internet for several days at a time.""The Internet problem is still in its infancy," said Elias Aboujaoude, a Stanford professor. No single online activity is to blame for excessive use, he said. "They're online inchat rooms, checking e-mail, or writing blogs. [The problem is] not limited to porn (色情) or gambling" websites.Excessive Internet use should be defined not by the number of hours spent online but "in terms of losses," said Maressa Orzack, a Harvard University professor. "If it's a loss [where] you're not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then it's too much."Since the early 1990s, several clinics have been established in the U. S. to treat heavy Internet users. They include the Center for Internet Addiction Recovery and the Center for Internet Behavior.The website for Orzack's center lists the following among the psychological symptoms of computer addiction:● Having a s ense of well-being (幸福) or excitement while at the computer.● Longing for more and more time at the computer.● Neglect of family and friends.● Feeling empty, depressed or irritable when not at the computer.● Lying to employers and family about activities.● Inability to stop the activity.● Problems with school or job.Physical symptoms listed include dry eyes, backaches, skipping meals, poor personal hygiene (卫生) and sleep disturbances.People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed or have other mood disorders, Orzack said. When she discusses Internet habits with her patients, they often report that being online offers a "sense of belonging, and escape, excitement [and] fun," she said. "Some people say relief…because th ey find themselves so relaxed."Some parts of the Internet seem to draw people in more than others. Internet gamers spend countless hours competing in games against people from all over the world. One suchgame, called World of Warcraft, is cited on many sites by posters complaining of a "gaming addiction."Andrew Heidrich, an education network administrator from Sacramento, plays World of Warcraft for about two to four hours every other night, but that's nothing compared with the 40 to 60 hours a week he spent playing online games when he was in college. He cut back only after a full-scale family intervention (干预), in which relatives told him he'd gained weight."There's this whole culture of competition that sucks people in" with online gaming, said Heidrich, now a father of two. "People do it at the expense of everything that was a constant in their lives." Heidrich now visits websites that discuss gaming addiction regularly "to remind myself to keep my love for online games in check."Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In August,when she first realized she had a problem, she posted a message on a Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subject line: "I have an Internet Addiction.""I'm self-employed and need the Internet for my work, but I'm failing to accomplish my work,to take care of my home, to give attention to my children," she wrote in a message sent to the group."I have no money or insurance to get professional help; I can't even pay my mortgage (抵押贷款) and face losing everything."Since then, Toebe said, she has kept her promise to herself to cut back on her Internet use. "I have a boyfriend now, and I'm not interested in online dating," she said by phone last week. "It's a lot better now."注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
57. C) Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible.
58. A) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.
59. C) The early models often got damaged in the crash.
60. C) To make them easily identifiable.
61. A) There is still a good chance of their being recoverd.
这篇文章简短介绍了黑匣子的历史。
前面两段说明了黑匣子的功用:记录各类飞行数据、帮助分析空难的原因。
第三段是讲黑匣子的演变:从摆放位置到颜色。
最后一段举例说明了黑匣子的作用。
文章出自《TIME》,进行了一些改动和删减。
57题,答案是第一段的“Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book”,它们承受任何灾难的能力使得他们看起来像是出自连环漫画册。
也就是说抗风险能力惊人。
正好对应于C选项,ward off,避开,挡住的意思。
A不对,不能ensure,黑匣子只是记录飞行数据,从中看出是否正常,但不能保证。
B也不对,原文虽然有comic book,但是用来形容黑匣子抗灾难能力的,不是真的说黑匣子出自comic book。
D不对,文章虽然介绍了黑匣子的一些功用,但没有强调indispensable(必不可少)。
做阅读一定要在文中找答案,不可加入自己的理解。
58题,答案是这一句:the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy,决定这起悲剧的原因。
也就是A选项所说的:分析这起空难原因的数据。
B不对,这原文中:the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.,152位乘客丧命是用来修饰前面的tragedy的,不能算到黑匣子的头上。
C不对,原文没有提到
D也不对,但是D选项有干扰。
这一选项把因果关系倒置了,向外发射信号,黑匣子才会被找到。
而不是从黑匣子身上找到发射的信号。
59题,答案很明显:Early models often failed to withstand crashes,however,so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned:然而,早期的模型很难承受住撞击,于是1965年这个设备彻底被重新设计了,也就是C选项说的早期的模型常常在撞击中被毁坏。
其他几个选项都没有提到。
60题,答案也很明显,第三段的最后一句话:be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility方便观看。
也就是C选项说的使他们容易辨认。
A、B、D都没有提到。
这一题还可以根据常识来判断。
61题,答案是这么一句:but statistics say they’re still likely to turn up。
统计数据显示他们仍然可能出现。
也就是A所说的被找回的几率仍然很大。
B不对,没有提到urgent need。
C也不对,原文说的是:they’re also able to emit signals,仍然能够放射信号。
D在原文中也没有提到。