四级深度阅读12.6-12.12

格式：docx
大小：13.25 KB
文档页数：2

下载文档原格式

2021年12月大学英语四级阅读理解

【导语】不积跬步，⽆以⾄千⾥；不积⼩流，⽆以成江海。

下⾯是整理的内容，希望对你们有帮助！1.2021年12⽉⼤学英语四级阅读理解 Some houses are designed to be smart. Others have smart designs. An example of the second type of house won an Award of Excellence from the American Institute of Architects. Located on the shore of Sullivan’s Island off the coast of South Carolina, the award-winning cube-shaped beach house was built to replace one smashed to pieces by Hurricane (飓风) Hugo 10 years ago. In September1989, Hugo struck South Carolina, killing 18 people and damaging or destroying 36,000 homes in the state. Before Hugo, many new houses built along South Carolina’s shoreline were poorly constructed, and enforcement of building codes wasn’t strict, according to architect Ray Huff, who created the cleverly-designed beach house. In Hugo’s wake, all new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter, better-enforced codes.The new beach house on Sullivan’s Island should be able to withstand a Category 3 hurricane with peak winds of 179 to 209 kilometers per hour. At first sight, the house on Sullivan’s Island looks anything but hurricane-proof. Its redwood shell makes it resemble “a large party lantern (灯笼)” at night, according to one observer. But looks can be deceiving. The house’s wooden frame is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength. To further protect the house from hurricane damage, Huff raised it 2.7 meters off the ground on timber pilings—long, slender columns of wood anchored deep in the sand. Pilings might appear insecure, but they arestrong enough to support the weight of the house. They also elevate the house above storm surges. The pilings allow the surges to run under the house instead of running into it. “These swells of water come ashore at tremendous speeds and cause most of the damage done to beach-front buildings,” said Huff. Huff designed the timber pilings to be partially concealed by the house’s ground-to-roof shell. “ The shell masks the pilings so that the house doesn’t look like it’s standing with its pant legs pulled up,” said Huff. In the event of a storm surge, the shell should break apart and let the waves rush under the house, the architect explained. 练习题： Choose correct answers to the question: 1. After the tragedy caused by Hurricane Hugo, new houses built along South Carolina’s shore line are required________. A. to be easily reinforced B. to look smarter in design C. to meet stricter building standards D. to be designed in the shape of cubes 2. The award-winning beach house is quite strong because ________. A. it is strengthened by steel rods B. it is made of redwood C. it is in the shape of a shell D. it is built with timber and concrete 3. Huff raised the house 2.7 meters off the ground on timber pilings in order to ________. A. withstand peak winds of about 200 km/hr B. anchor stronger pilings deep in the sand C. break huge sea waves into smaller ones D. prevent water from rushing into the house 4. The main function of the shell is ________. A. to strengthen the pilings of the house B. to give the house a better appearance C. to protect the wooden frame of the house D. to slow down the speed of the swelling water 5. It can be inferred from the passage that the shell should be ________. A. fancy-looking B. waterproof C. easily breakable D. extremely strong 1.[C] 根据题⽬中的专有名词Hugo查找到⽂中第3段第2句。

2019年12月四级深度阅读真题详解

2019年12⽉四级深度阅读真题详解2019年12⽉四级深度阅读真题详解第⼀套Passage OneQuestion 56 to 60 are based on the following passage. 56-60 ACBDBChildren are a delight(=hapiness/joy). They are our future. (56)But sadly, hiring someone to take care of them while you go to work is getting more expensive by the year.Earlier this month, it was reported that the cost of enrolling an infant or small kid at a childcare center rose 3% in 2012, faster than the overall cost of living. There are now large strip s(狭长地带) of the country where daycare for an infant(57)This is not necessarily a new trend,but it is a somewhat puzzling one. The price of professional childcare has been rising since the 1980s. Yet during that time, pay for professional childcare workers has stood still. Actually(=in fact)are responsible for up to 80% of a daycare center's expenses, one would expect flat wages to have meant flat prices.So who's to blame for higher childcare costs?Childcare is a carefully regulated industry. States lay down rules about how many children each employee is allowed to watch over, the space care centers need per child, and other minute details. (58)And the stricter the regulation s, the higher the costs. If it(保育中⼼) has to hire a caregiver for every two children, it can't really achieve any economics of scale on labor to save money (通过压缩劳动⼒成本来省钱)when other expenses go up. (59) In Massachusetts, where childcare centers must hire one teacher for every three infant s, the price of care averaged more than $16,000 per year. In Mississippi, where centers must hire one teacher for every five infant s, the price of care averaged less than $5,000.Unfortunately, I don't have all the daycare-center regulations handy. (60)elaborate, prices have risen. The tradeoff(交换(60)But certainly, it doesn't seem to be an accident that some of the cheapest daycare available is in the least regulate d(=rule/manage) South.56. What problem do parents of small kids have to face?A) The ever-rising childcare prices. B) The budgeting of family expenses.C) The balance between work and family. D) The selection of a good daycare center.57. What does the author feel puzzled about?A) Why the prices of childcare vary greatly from state to state.B) Why increased childcare prices have not led to better service.C) Why childcare workers' pay has not increased with the rising childcare costs.D) Why there is a severe shortage of childcare professionals in a number of states.58. What prevents childcare centers from saving money?A) Steady increase in labor costs. B) Strict government regulations.C) Lack of support from the state. D) High administrative expenses.【解析】infant['?nf?nt]n.baby/child 婴/幼⼉；未成年⼈59. Why is the average cost of childcare in Mississippi much lower than in Massachusetts?A) The overall quality of service is not as good. B) Payments for caregivers there are not as high.D) Each teacher is allowed to care for more kids.60. What is the author’s view on daycare service?A)Caregivers should receive regular professional training. B) Less elaborate rules about children might lower costs. C) It is crucial to strike a balance between quality and costs. D) It is better for different states to learn from each other. 【解析】elaborate[?'l?b?r?t]adj. cdetailed/full精⼼制作/复杂/详尽/煞费苦⼼的Passage TwoQuestions 61-65 are based on the following passage. 61-65DDCBC(61)Alex Pang's amusing new book The Distraction Addiction (分⼼成瘾)addresses(v.向…讲话). And that, he claims,is pretty much all of us. When we're not online, where we spend four months annually, we're engaged in the stressful work of trying to get online.(62)The Distraction Addiction is not framed as a self-help book(并⾮励志类图书)overdose(过度使⽤) and a historical overview(历史性概述) of how technological advances(科技进步) change consciousness(意识). A “professional futurist”, Pang urges an approach which he calls “contemplative (沉思的” He asks that you pay full attention to “”(63)Pang's first job is to free you from the (常见的错误认识) that doing two things at once allows you to get more done（同时做两件事效率更⾼）. multitasking(多重任务) is, in fact, switch-tasking, and its harmful effects on productivity are well documented(有据可查的). Pang doesn't advocate returning to a pre-Internet world. Instead, he asks you to “take a more ecological (⽣态的) view of your relationships with technologies and look for ways devices or media may be making specific tasks easier or faster but at the same time making your work and life har der.”The Distraction Addiction is particularly fascinating on how technologies have changed certain fields of labor—often for the worse. (64) “Architecture is first and foremost about thinking...and drawing is a more productive way of thinking”. Somewhat less amusing are Pang's solutions for kicking the Internet habit. (65)usual behavior-modification approaches(常见的⾏为矫正法) Keep logs to(记录下上⽹⽇志) study your online profile(上⽹概况) and decide what you can knock out(剔除), download a program like Freedom that locks you out of your browser, or take a “digital Sabbath(安息⽇)”: “Unless you're a reporter or emergency-department doctor, you'll discover that your world doesn't fall apart when you go offline.”61. Alex Pang's new book is aimed for readers who________.A) find their work online too stressful B) go online mainly for entertainment【解析】62. What does Alex Pang try to do in his new book?A) Offer advice on how to use the Internet effectively. B) Warn people of the possible dangers of internet use.C) Predict the trend of future technological development. D) Examine the influence of technology on the human mind.63. What is the on multitasking?A) It enables people to work more efficiently. B) It is a way quite similar to switch-tasking.C) It makes people's work and life even harder. D) It distracts people's attention from useful work.64. What does the author think of ?A) It considerably cuts down the cost of building design. B) It somewhat restrains architects' productive thinking. C) It is indispensable in architects' work process. D) It can free architects from laborious drawing.【解析】restrain /r??stre?n/vt. restrict/control/stop/prevent抑/控制；约束；制⽌first and foremost/?fm??st/⾸先；⾸要地/的是productive thinking有成效的思维⽅式65. What is Ales Pang's for Internet users?A) They use the Internet as little as possible.C) They exercise self-control over their time online. D) They entertain themselves online on off-days only.【解析】keep logs to保存⽇志/聊天记录第⼆套Passage oneQuestions 56 to 60are based on the following passage.(1)New Yorkers are gradually getting used to more pedaling (骑车) passengers on those blazing blue Citi Bikes. But what about local bike shops? Is Citi Bike rolling up(increase) riders at their expense(在损害他们的利益/情况下)？(2)At Gotham Bikes in Tribeca, a manager W. Ben said the shop has seen an increase in its overall sales(总销售额) dueto(=as a result of) the bike-share program. "It's getting more people on the road" he said. (5)James Ryan, an employee at Danny's Cycles in Gramercy also said Citi Bike is a good option(=choice) for people to ease into biking in acity famed for its traffic jams and and aggressive(好⽃的) driversRentals are not a big part of the business at either Gotham Bikes or Danny's Cycles.(3) But for Frank's Bike Shop, a small business on Grand St., the bike-share program has been bad news. Owner Frank Arroyo said his rental business has decreased by 90% since the Citi Bikes were rolled out last month. Arroyo's main rental customers are European tourists, who have since been drawn away by Citi Bikes.However,(5) Ben said the bike-share is good for bike sales at his shop. "People have used the bike-share and realized how great it is to bike in the city, then decide that they want something nicer for themselves," he noted.(5) Christian Farrell of Waterfront Bicycle Shop, on West St. just north of Christopher St., said initially(=at first) he was concerned about(=worried about)bike-share, though, he admitted, "I was happy to see people on bikes. "Ave.(4)"It seemed like a great idea, but one that would be difficult to implement," Crooks said of Citi Bike. He said he worried about (be concerned about)inexperienced riders' lack of awareness(知道，认识) of biking rules andbacklash(强烈反对) from non-cyclists. However, he said, it's still too early to tell if his business has beenimpact ed(=influence).While it's possible bike-share will cause a drop in business, Crooks allowed that the idea is a positive step forward for New York City.56 . What is the author's chief concern about the increasing use of Citi Bikes in New York?A How non-cyclists will respond to it.B Whether local bike shops will suffer.C Whether local bike businesses will oppose it.D How the safety of bike riders can be ensured.57 . What happened to Gotham Bikes as a result of (due to)the bike-share program?A It found its bike sales unaffected.B It shifted its business to rentals.C It saw its bike sales on the rise.D It rented more bikes to tourists.58 . Why is the bike-share program bad news for Frank's Bike Shop?A It cannot meet the demand of the bike—share program.B Its customers have been drawn away by (被吸引⾛了)CitiBikes.C Its bike prices have to be lowered again and again.59. Why did Andrew Crooks think that the bike—share program would be difficult to execute(=implement)?A inexperienced riders might break biking rules.B Conflicts might arise among bike rental shops.C Traffic conditions might worsen in the downtown area.【解析】execute vt. carry out/put into practice/implement实/执⾏；处死/决60 . What is the general attitude(总体态度) of local bike shops towards Citi Bike?A Wait-and-see(等待并观望).B Negative(消极否定的).C Indifferent(漠不关⼼的).D Approving(认可的). Passage TwoQuestions 61to 65 are based on the following passage. 61-65 CBCAD(61)Various studies have shown that increased spending on education has not led to measurableimprovements(带来显著提⾼) in learning. Between 1980 and 2008,staff and teachers at U.S. public schools grew roughly twice as fast as students. Yet students showed no additional learning in achievement tests.Universities show similar trends of increased administration personnel and costs without greater learning, as documented in Richard Arum and Josipa Roksa's recent book Academically Adrift Limited Learning on College Campuses.A survey shows that 63% of employers say that recent college graduates don't have the skills they need to succeed and 25% of employers say that entry-level writing skills are lacking.(62)Some simplistically attribute the decline in our public education system to the drain of the skilled students by private schools, but far more significant events were at work.Public schools worked well until about the 1970s. In fact, until that time, public schools provided far better education than private ones. It was the under performing students who were threw out of public schools and went to private ones.(63)A prominent reason public schools did well was that many highly qualified women had few options for working outside the house other than being teachers or nurses. They accepted relatively low pay, difficult working conditions, and gave their very best.Having such a large supply of talented women teachers meant that society could pay less for their services. (64) Women's liberation opened up new professional(职业/专门的) opportunities for women, and, over time, some of the bestA Achievement tests have failed to truly reflect the quality of teaching.with private schools．C Little improvement in education has resulted from increased spending．D The number of students has increased much faster than that of teachers62. How do some people explain the decline in public education?A Government investment does not meet schools' needs．B Skilled students are moving to private schoolsC Qualified teachers are far from adequately paidD Training of students' basic skills is neglected．【解析】attribute … to…([?'tr?bju?t]=due to) 把……归因于……drain/dre?n/ n. flow out/consume/use up(资源/资⾦的) 外流; 消耗63. What was a significant contributor(重⼤的贡献/重要因素) to the past glory of public schools?A Well-behaved students.B Efficient administration.C Talented women teachers.D Generous pay for teachers.【解析】prominent['pr?m?n?nt]adj. obvious/excellent /remarkable /brilliant/outstanding/marked突出/显著/杰出/卓越的64. Why did some of the best women teachers leave teaching?A New career opportunities were made available to them by women's liberation.B Higher academic requirements made it difficult for them to stay in their jobs.C They were unhappy with the bureaucratic administration in their schools.D The heavy teaching loads left them little time and energy for family life.65. What does the author think is one of the results of government involvement in education?A Increasing emphasis on theories of education.B Highly standardized teaching methods.C Students' improved academic performance.D An ever-growing number of administration(管理，监管).【解析】dictate vt.rule/set；规定,命令；指⽰;⼝述；听写第三套56—60BBCAD 61—65 BCBADPassage one56. The rise of the Internet has been one of the most transformative developments t’s tremendous impacts has only just begun.“Mass adoption of the Internet is driving one of the most exciting social, cultural, and political transformations in history, 57. and unlike earlier periods of change, this time the effects are fully global,” Schmidt and Cohen write in their new book. The New Digital Age.58t’s that authors don’t spend enough time applying a critical eye to the role of Internet businesses in these weeping changes.In their book, the authors provide the most authoritative volume to date that describes — and more importantly predicts —59.and governments must deal with two realities, one physical, and one virtual.At the core of the book is the idea that “technology is neutral, but people aren’t.” By using this concept as a starting poin t, 60.the authors aim to move beyond the now familiar optimist vs. pessimist dichotomy(对⽴观点)that has characterized many recent debates about whether the rise of the Internet will ultimately be good or bad for society. In an interview with TIME earlier this week, Cohen said although he and his co-author are optimistic about many aspects of theInternet,they’(监视).56、In what way is the rise of the Internet similar to the invention of the printing press and the telegraph?A.It transforms human history.C.It is adopted by all humanity.D.It revolutionizes people's thinking.【解析】transformative developments[tr?ns'f?:m?tiv]⾰命性的发展57、How do Schmidt and Cohen describe the effects of the Internet?A.They are immeasurable.B.They are worldwide.C.They are unpredictable.D.They are contaminating.58、In what respect is the book The New Digital Age considered inadequate?A.It fails to recognize the impact of the Internet technology.B.It fails to look into the social implications of the Internet.C.It lacks an objective evaluation of the role of Internet businesses.59、What will the future be like when everybody gets online?A.People will be living in two different realities.B.People will have equal access to information.C.Peop le don’t have to travel to see the world.D.People don’60、What does the passage say about the authors of The New Digital Age?A.They leave many questions unanswered concerning the Internet.B.They are optimistic about the future of the Internet revolution.C.They have explored the unknown territories of the virtual world.D.They don’t take sides in analyzing the effects of the Internet.Passage two61. In 1950, a young man would have found it much easier than it is today to get and keep a job in the auto industry. And in that year the average autoworker could meet monthly mortgage(抵押贷款)payments on an average home with just 13.4 percent of his take-home pay. Today a similar mortgage would claim more than twice that share of his monthly earnings.62. Other members of the autoworker’s family, however might be less inclined to tried the present for the pastIn most stales, his wife could not have taken out a loan or a card in her own name. In 42 states, a homemaker had no legal claim on the earnings of her husband. And nowhere did a wife have legal protection against family violence.63. Most black workers would not want to return to a time when, on average they earned 40 percent less than their white counterparts(职位相当的⼈),white racially restrictive agreements largely prevented them from buying into the suburban neighborhoods being built for white working –class families.Today, new problems have emerged in the process of resolving old ones, but the solution is not to go back to the past.64spouse is more interested in continuing the relationship. And the breakup of such marriages has caused pain for many families.6561、What do we learn about American autoworkers in 1950?A.They had less job security than they do today.B.It was not too difficult for them to buy a house.C.Their earnings were worth twice as much as today.D.They were better off than workers in other industries.62、What does the author about retired people today?A.They invariably long to return to the golden past.B.They do not depend so much on social welfare.C.They feel more secure economically than in the past.D.They are usually unwilling to live with their children.【解析】 be less inclined to不倾向于,就不会那么想,更不想however might be less inclined to tried the present for the past.但是可能更倾向于尝试现在⽽不是过去. spouse/spa?s/n.couple/sexual partner 配偶vt. 和…结婚63、Why couldn’t black workers buy a house in a white suburban neighborhood ?A.They lacked the means of transportation.B.They were subjected to racial inequality.C.They were afraid to break the law.D.They were too poor to afford it.64、What is the result of no-fault divorce ?A.Divorce is easier to obtain.B.Domestic violence is lessened.C.It causes little pain to either side.D.It contributes to social unrest.65 、What does the author suggest society do?A.Get prepared to face any new challenges.B.Try to better the current social security.C.Narrow the gap between blacks and whites.D.Improve the lives of families with problems。

2021年12月四级阅读真题答案完整版

20XX年12月四级阅读真题答案完整版下面是整理的20XX年12月四级阅读真题答案完好版，盼望对大家有关怀。

20XX年12月四级阅读真题答案完好版1：36. N) sw37. F) decdes38. H) globlly39. D) chnces40. J) occurs41. ) dditionl42. B) ssocited43. G) experiences44. M) reduce45. K) popultionsHow to Et Well46. Cooking benefits people in mny wys nd enbles them to connect with one nother.答案：D Shouldnt prepringnd consumingfood be source of comfort, pride, helth, well-being, relxtion, socibility?47. bundnt informtion bout cooking is vilble either online or on TV.答案：B Its not becuse fresh ingredients re hrd to come by48. Young people do less cooking t home thn the elderly these dys.答案：F. Perhps return to rel cooking neednt be fr off49. Cooking skills cn be improved with prctice.答案：O. You dont hve to hit the grocery store dily, nor do you need n bundnce of skill50. In the mid-20th century, most fmilies te dinner t home insted of eting out.答案：G. Bck in the 1950s most of us grew up in households where Mom cooked virtully everynight51. Even those short of time or money should be encourged to cook for themselves nd theirfmily 答案：E. When I tlk bout cooking, Im not tlking bout creting elborte dinner prties or three-dy science projects.52. Eting food not cooked by ourselves cn cuse serious consequences.答案：J. There hve been hlf-herted but well-publicized efforts by some food compnies toreduce clories in their processed food, but.53. To et well nd still sve money, people should buyfresh food nd cook it themselves.答案：M. To those mericns for whom money is concern54. We get firly lrge portion of clories from fst food nd sncks.答案：C. nd yet we rent cooking55. The populrity of TV led to the populrity of frozen food.答案：H. lthough frozen dinners were invented in the 40s, their populrity didnt boom untiltelevisions becme populr decde or so lterDBFOGEJMCH56. ) It is disppering.57. B) electroniclly.58. D) Spending money is so fst nd esy.59. ) It represents chnge in the modern world.60. C) He feels reluctnt to prt with the trditionl wllet.61. ) They re culture-relted.62. C) They get less sleep on public holidys.63. C) The World Cup.64. B) They wnt to get sufficient sleep.65. B) Few people relly know the importnce of sleep.共3页: 上一页123下一页20XX年12月四级阅读真题答案完好版20XX年12月四级阅读真题答案完好版2：36 G fvorite 37 M protest 38 B mount 39 O theories40 I immeditely 41 D crzy 42 F differences 43 J nturlly44 H hppening 45 N rejectedThe perfect essy46. The uthor ws dvised ginst the improper use of figures of speech.答案: I。

2021年12月英语四级阅读理解

当你真正想完成一件事时，根本不会在意别人是否看到。

备考漫漫长路，和你一起默默地走下去。

下面是整理的内容，希望对你们有帮助！【篇一】2021年12月英语四级阅读理解Police fired tear gas and arrested more than 5,000passively resisting protestors Friday in an attemptto break up the largest antinuclear demonstrationever staged in the United States. More than 135,000 demonstrators confronted police on theconstruction site of a 1,000-megawatt nuclearpower plant scheduled to provide power to most ofsouthern New Hampshire. Organizers of the huge demonstration said, the protest wascontinuing despite the police actions. More demonstrators were arriving to keep up thepressure on state authorities to cancel the project. The demonstrator had charged that theproject was unsafe in the densely populated area, would create thermal pollution in the bay, and had no acceptable means for disposing of its radioactive wasters. The demonstrationswould go on until the jails and the courts were so overloaded that the state judicial systemwould collapse.Governor Stanforth Thumper insisted that there would be no reconsideration of the powerproject and no delay in its construction set for completion in three years."This project willbegin on time and the people of this state will begin to receive its benefits on schedule. Thosewho break the law in misguided attempts to sabotage the project will be dealt with accordingto the law," he said. And police called in reinforcements from all over the state to handle thedisturbances.The protests began before dawn Friday when several thousand demonstrators brokethrough police lines around the cordoned-off construction site. They carried placards that read"No Nukes is Good Nukes,""Sunpower, Not Nuclear Power," and "Stop Private Profits from PublicPeril." They defied police order to move from the area. Tear gas canisters fired by police failedto dislodge the protestors who had come prepared with their own gas masks or facecloths. Finally gas-masked and helmeted police charged into the crowd to drag off the demonstratorsone by one. The protestors did not resist police, but refused to walk away under their ownpower. Those arrested would be charged with unlawful assembly, trespassing, and disturbingthe peace.1. What were the demonstrators protesting about?[A] Private profits.[B] Nuclear Power Station.[C] The project of nuclear power construction.[D] Public peril.2. Who had gas-masks?[A] Everybody.[B] A part of the protestors.[C] Policemen.[D] Both B and C.3. Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a reason for the demonstration?[A] Public transportation.[B] Public peril.[C] Pollution.[D] Disposal of wastes.4. With whom were the jails and courts overloaded?[A] With prisoners.[B] With arrested demonstrators.[C] With criminals.[D] With protestors.5. What is the attitude of Governor Stanforth Thumper toward the power project and thedemonstration?[A] stubborn.[B] insistent.[C] insolvable.[D] remissible.【篇二】2021年12月英语四级阅读理解The Continuity of theReligious Struggle in BritainThough England was on the whole prosperousand hopeful, though by comparison with herneighbors she enjoyed internal peace, she could notevade the fact that the world of which she formed apart was torn by hatred and strife as fierce as any in human history. Men were still for fromrecognizing that two religions could exist side by side in the same society; they believed thatthe toleration of another religion different from their own. And hence necessarily false, mustinevitably destroy such a society and bring the souls of all its members into danger of hell. Sothe struggle went on with increasing fury within each nation to impose a single creed uponevery subject, and within the general society of Christendom to impose it upon every nation. In England the Reformers, or Protestants, aided by the power of the Crown, had at this stagetriumphed, but over Europe as a whole Rome was beginning to recover some of the ground ithad lost after Martin Luther’s revolt in the earlier part of the century. It did this in two ways, by the activities of its missionaries, as in parts of Germany, or by the military might of theCatholic Powers, as in the Low Countries, where the Dutch provinces were sometimes near theirlast extremity under the pressure of Spanish arms. Against England, the most important of allthe Protestant nations to reconquer, military might was not yet possible because the CatholicPowers were too occupied and divided: and so, in the 1570’s Rome bent her efforts, as shehad done a thousand years before in the days of Saint Augustine, to win England back bymeans of her missionaries.These were young Englishmen who had either never given up the old faith, or having doneso, had returned to it and felt called to become priests. There being, of course, no Catholicseminaries left in England, they went abroad, at first quite easily, later with difficulty anddanger, to study in the English colleges at Douai or Rome: the former established for thetraining of ordinary or secular clergy, the other for the member of the Society of Jesus, commonly known as Jesuits, a new Order established by St, Ignatius Loyola same thirty yearsbefore. The seculars came first; they achieved a success which even the most eager couldhardly have expected. Cool-minded and well-informed men, like Cecil, had long surmised thatthe conversion of the English people to Protestantism was for from complete; many―Cecilthought even the majority―had conformed out of fear, self-interest or―possibly thecommonest reason of all―sheer bewilderment at the rapid changes in doctrine and forms ofworship imposed on them in so short a time. Thus it happened that the missionaries found awelcome, not only with the families who had secretly offered them hospitality if they came, but with many others whom their first hosts invited to meet them or passed them on to. Theywould land at the ports in disguise, as merchants, courtiers or what not, professing someplausible business in the country, and make by devious may for their first house of refuge. Therethey would administer the Sacraments and preach to the house holds and to such ofthe neighbors as their hosts trusted and presently go on to some other locality to which theywere directed or from which they received a call.1. The main idea of this passage is[A]. The continuity of the religious struggle in Britain in new ways.[B]. The conversion of religion in Britain.[C]. The victory of the New religion in Britain.[D]. England became prosperous.2. What was Martin Luther’s religions?[A]. Buddhism. [B]. Protestantism. [C]. Catholicism. [D]. Orthodox.3. Through what way did the Rome recover some of the lost land?[A]. Civil and military ways. [B]. Propaganda and attack.[C]. Persuasion and criticism. [D]. Religious and military ways.4. What did the second paragraph mainly describe?[A]. The activities of missionaries in Britain.[B]. The conversion of English people to Protestantism was far from complete.[C]. The young in Britain began to convert to Catholicism[D]. Most families offered hospitality to missionaries.Vocabulary1. evade 避开，回避2. creed 教义，信条，主义3. the Crown 原义皇冠，在英国代表王权，王室/君主4. low Countries 低地国，指荷兰，卢森堡，比利时5. last extremity 最后阶段，绝境，临终。

2021年12月份大学英语四级精品深度阅读

深度阅读部分四级考试中的深度阅读部分占142分。

这部分必须进行大量针对性练习，才可确保拿到不错的分数。

Directions:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.2020年12月四级深度阅读第一套Passage OneQuestion46to50are based on the following passage.Three children in every classroom have a diagnosable mental health condition.Half of these are behavioural disorders, while one third are emotional disorders such as stress,anxiety and depression,which often become outwardly apparent through self-harm.There was an astonishing52per cent jump in hospital admissions for children and young people who had harmed themselves between2009and2015.Schools and teachers have consistently reported the scale of the problem st year,over half of teachers reported that more of their pupils experience mental health problems than in the past.But teachers also consistently report how ill-equipped they feel to meet pupils’mental health needs,and often cite a lack of training,expertise and support from the National Health Service(英国国家医疗服务体系).Part of the reason for the increased pressure on schools is that there are now fewer’early intervention(干预)’and low-level mental health services based in the community.Cuts to local authority budgets since2010have resulted in a significant decline of these services,despite strong evidence of their effectiveness in preventing crises further down the line.The only way to break the pressures on both mental health services and schools is to reinvest in early intervention services inside schools.There are strong arguments for why schools are best placed to provide mental health services.Schools see young people more than any other service,which gives them a unique ability to get to hard-to-reach children and young people andbuild meaningful relationships with them over time.Recent studies have shown that children and young people largely prefer to see a counsellor in school rather than in an outside environment.Young people have reported that for low-level conditions such as stress and anxiety,a clinical setting can sometimes be daunting(令人却步的).There are already examples of innovative schools which combine mental health and wellbeing provision with a strong academic curriculum.This will,though,require a huge cultural shift.Politicians,policymakers,commissioners and school leaders must be brave enough to make the leap towards reimagining schools as providers of health as well as education services.46.What are teachers complaining about?A)There are too many students requiring special attention.B)They are under too much stress counselling needy students.C)Schools are inadequately equipped to implement any intervention.D)They lack the necessary resources to address pupils’mental problems.47.What do we learn from the passage about community health services in Britain?A)They have deteriorated due to budget cuts.B)They facilitate local residents’everyday lives.C)They prove ineffective in helping mental patients.D)They cover preventative care for the local residents.48.Where does the author suggest mental health services be placed?A)At home.B)At school.C)In hospitals.D)In communities.49.What do we learn from the recent studies?A)Students prefer to rely on peers to relieve stress and anxiety.B)Young people are keen on building meaningful relationships.C)Students are more comfortable seeking counselling in school.D)Young people benefit from various kinds of outdoor activities.50.What does the author mean by a cultural shift(Line2,Para.6)?A)Simplification of schools’academic curriculums.B)Parents’involvement in schools’policy-making.C)A change in teachers’attitudes to mental health.D)A change in the conception of what schools are.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.Picture this:You’re at a movie theater food stand loading up on snacks.You have a choice of a small,medium or large soda.The small is$3.50and the large is$5.50.It’s a tough decision:The small size may not last you through the whole movie,but$5.50for some sugary drink seems ridiculous.But there’s a third option,a medium soda for$5.25.Medium may be the perfect amount of soda for you,but the large is only a quarter more.If you’re like most people,you end up buying the large(and taking a bathroom break midshow).If you’re wondering who would buy the medium soda,the answer is almost no one.In fact,there’s a good chance the marketing department purposely priced the medium soda as a decoy(诱饵),making you more likely to buy the large soda rather than the small.I have written about this peculiarity in human nature before with my friend Dan Ariely,who studied this phenomenon extensively after noticing pricing for subscriptions(订阅)to The Economist.The digital subscription was$59,the print subscription was$125,and the print plus digital subscription was also$125.No one in their right mind would buy the print subscription when you could get digital as well for the same price,so why was it even an option?Ariely ran an experiment and found that when only the two“real”choices were offered,more people chose the less-expensive digital subscription.But the addition of the bad option made people much more likely to choose the more expensive print plus digital option.Brain scientists call this effect“asymmetric dominance”and it means that people gravitate toward the choice nearest a clearly inferior option.Marketing professors call it the decoy effect,which is certainly easier to remember.Lucky for consumers,almost no one in the business community understands it.The decoy effect works because of the way our brains assign value when making choices.Value is almost never absolute;rather,we decide an object’s value relative to our other choices.If more options are introduced,the value equation changes.51.Why does the author ask us to imagine buying food in the movie theater?A)To illustrate people’s peculiar shopping behavior.B)To illustrate the increasing variety of snacks there.C)To show how hard it can be to choose a drink there.D)To show how popular snacks are among movie fans.52.Why is the medium soda priced the way it is?A)To attract more customers to buy it.B)To show the price matches the amount.C)To ensure customers drink the right amount of soda.D)To make customers believe they are getting a bargain.53.What do we learn from Dan Ariely’s experiment?A)Lower-priced goods attract more customers.B)The Economist’s promotional strategy works.C)The Economist’s print edition turns out to sell the best.D)More readers choose the digital over the print edition.54.For what purpose is“the bad option”(Line7,Para.3)added?A)To cater to the peculiar needs of some customers.B)To help customers to make more rational choices.C)To trap customers into buying the more pricey item.D)To provide customers with a greater variety of goods.55.How do we assess the value of a commodity,according to the passage?A)By considering its usefulness.C)By taking its quality into account.B)By comparing it with other choices.D)By examining its value equation2020年12月四级深度阅读第二套Passage OneQuestion46to50are based on the following passage.Boredom has,paradoxically,become quite interesting to academics lately.In early May,London’s Boring Conference celebrated seven years of delighting in dullness.At this event,people flocked to talks about weather,traffic jams,and vending-machine sounds,among other sleep-inducing topics.What,exactly,is everybody studying?One widely accepted psychological definition of boredom is“the distasteful experience of wanting,but being unable,to engage in satisfying activities.”But how can you quantify a person’s boredom level and compare it with someone else’s?In1986,psychologists introduced the Boredom Proneness Scale,designed to measure an individual’s overall tendency to feel bored.By contrast,the Multidimensional State Boredom scale,developed in2008,measures a person’s feelings of boredom in a given situation.Boredom has been linked to behavior issues including inattentive driving,mindless snacking,excessive drinking,and addictive gambling.In fact,many of us would choose pain over boredom.One team of psychologists discovered that two-thirds of men and a quarter of women would rather self-administer electric shocks than sit alone with their thoughts for 15minutes.Researching this phenomenon,another team asked volunteers to watch boring,sad,or neutral films,during which they could self-administer electric shocks.The bored volunteers shocked themselves more and harder than the sad or neutral ones did.But boredom isn’t all bad.By encouraging self-reflection and daydreaming,it can spur creativity.An early study gave participants abundant time to complete problem-solving and word-association exercises.Once all the obvious answers were exhausted,participants gave more and more inventive answers to combat boredom.A British study took these findings one step further,asking subjects to complete a creative challenge(coming up with a list of alternative uses for a household item). One group of subjects did a boring activity first,while the others went straight to the creative task.Those whose boredom pumps had been primed were more productive.In our always-connected world,boredom may be a hard-to-define state,but it is a fertile one.Watch paint dry or water boil,or at least put away your smartphone for a while,and you might unlock your next big idea.46.When are people likely to experience boredom,according to an accepted psychological definition?A)When they don’t have the chance to do what they wantB)When they don’t enjoy the materials they are studyingC)When they experience something unpleasantD)When they engage in some routine activities47.What does the author say boredom can lead to?A)Determination B)Mental deterioration C)Concentration D)Harmful conduct48.What is the findings of one team of psychologists in their experiment?A)Volunteers prefer watching a boring movie to sitting alone deliberating.B)Many volunteers choose to hurt themselves rather than endure boredom.C)Male volunteers are more immune to the effects of boredom than females.D)Many volunteers are unable to resist boredom longer than fifteen minutes.49.Why does the author say boredom isn’t all bad?A)It stimulates memorization.B)It allows time for relaxation.C)It may promote creative thinking.D)It may facilitate independent learning.50.What does the author suggest one do when faced with a challenging problem?A)Stop idling and think big.B)Unlock one’s smartphone.C)Look around oneself for stimulation.D)Allow oneself some time to be bored.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.Forests in countries like Brazil and the Congo get a lot of attention from environmentalists,and it is easy to see why. South America and sub-Saharan Africa are experiencing deforestation on an enormous scale:every year almost5million hectares are lost.But forests are also changing in rich Western countries.They are growing larger,both in the sense that they occupy more land and that the trees in them are bigger.What is going on?Forests are spreading in almost all Western countries,with fastest growth in places that historically had rather few trees. In199028%of Spain was forested;now the proportion is37%.In both Greece and Italy,the growth was from26%to32% over the same period.Forests are gradually taking more land in America and Australia.Perhaps most astonishing is the trend in Ireland.Roughly1%of that country was forested when it became independent in1922.Now forests cover11%of the land,and the government wants to push the proportion to18%by the2040s.Two things are fertilising this growth.The first is the abandonment of farmland,especially in high,dry places where nothing grows terribly well.When farmers give up trying to earn a living from farming or herding,trees simply move in. The second is government policy and subsidy.Throughout history,governments have protected and promoted forests for diverse reasons,ranging from the need for wooden warships to a desire to promote suburban house-building.Nowadays forests are increasingly welcome because they suck in carbon pollution from the air.The justification change;desire for more trees remains constant.The greening of the West does not delight everyone.Farmers complain that land is being taken out of use by generously subsidized tree plantations.Parts of Spain and Portugal suffer from terrible forest fires.Others simply dislike the appearance of forests planted in neat rows.They will have to get used to the trees,however.The growth of Western forests seems almost as unstoppable as deforestation elsewhere.51.What is catching environmentalist’s attention nowadays?A)Rich countries are striping poor ones of their resources.B)Forests are fast shrinking in many developing countries.C)Forests are eating away the fertile farmland worldwide.D)Rich countries are doing little to address deforestation.52.Which countries have the fastest forest growth?A)Those that have newly achieved independence.B)Those that have the greatest demand for timber.C)Those that used to have the lowest forest coverage.D)Those that provide enormous government subsidies.53.What has encouraged forest growth historically?A).The government’s advocacy.B).The use of wood for fuel.C).The favorable climate.D)The green movement.54.What account for our increasing desire for forests?A)Their unique scenic beauty.B)Their use as fruit plantation.C)Their capability of improving air quality.D)Their stable supply of building materials.55.What does the author conclude about the prospects of forestation?A)Deserts in sub-Saharan Africa will diminish gradually.B)It will play a more and more important role in people’s lives.C)Forests destruction in the developing world will quickly slow down.D)Developed and developing countries are moving in opposite directions.2020年12月四级深度阅读第三套Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.A growing number of U.S.bike riders are attracted to electric bikes for convenience,health benefits and the fun factor. Although ebikes first appeared in the90s,cheaper options and longer-lasting batteries are breathing new life into the concept.Established bike companies and startups are embracing ebikes to meet demand.About34million ebikes were sold worldwide last year,according to data from eCycleElectric Consultants.Most were sold in Europe and China,where the bikes already have exploded in popularity.Recently,the U.S.market has grown to263,000bikes,a25%gain from the prior year.The industry is benefiting from improved batteries as suppliers over the years developed technology for laptops, smartphones and electric cars.In2004,the price of batteries used on ebikes fell,spurring European sales.But lower cost options are emerging,too.This month,three U.S.bikeshare companies,Motivate,LimeBike and Spin, announced electric bicycles will be added to their fleets.New York-based Jump Bikes is already operating an electric bikeshare in Washington,D.C.,and is launching in San Francisco Thursday.Rides cost$2for30minutes.The system works like existing dockless bikeshare systems,where riders unlock bikes through a smartphone app.“This is the beginning of a long-term shift away from regular pedal(踏板)to electric bikes,”said Jump Bikes CEO Ryan Rzepecki.“When people first jump on an ebike,their face lights up.It’s exciting and joyful in a way that you don’t get from a regular bike.”Two years ago,CEO Chris Cocalis of Pivot Cycles,which sells high-end mountain bikes,found that U.S.bike shops weren’t interested in stocking ebikes.Some retailers warned Cocalis that they’d drop the brand if it came out with an electric bike.Now that sales are taking off,the vast majority of bike dealers are asking Cocalis when he’ll make an ebike available.“There’s tremendous opportunity to get a generation of people for whom suffering isn’t their thing,”Cocalis said.“Ebike riders get the enjoyable part of cycling without the massive suffering of climbing huge hills.”46.What do we learn from the passage about ebikes?A)Their health benefits and fun values outweigh their cost.B)They did not catch public attention in the United States until the1990s.C)They did not become popular until the emergence of improved batteries.D)Their widespread use is attributable to people’s environmental awareness.47.What brought about the boost in ebike sales in Europe at the beginning of the century?A)Updated technology of bike manufacture.B)The falling prices of ebike batteries.C)Changed fashion in short-distance travel.D)The rising costs for making electric cars.48.What is the prospect of the bike industry according to Ryan Rzepecki?A)More will be invested in bike battery research.B)The sales of ebikes will increase.C)It will profit from ebike sharing.D)It will make a difference in people’s daily lives.49.What prevented Chris Cocalis from developing ebikes sooner?A)Retailers’refusal to deal in ebikes.B)High profits from conventional bikes.C)Users’concern about risks of ebike riding.D)His focus on selling costly mountain bikes.50.What makes Chris Cocalis believe there is a greater opportunity for ebike sales?A)The further lowering of ebike prices.B)The public’s concern for their health.C)The increasing interest in mountain climbing.D)The younger generation’s pursuit of comfortable riding.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.The terms“global warming”and“climate change”are used by many,seemingly interchangeably.But do they really mean the same thing?Scientists shaped the history of the terms while attempting to accurately describe how humans continue to alter the te,political strategists adopted the terms to influence public opinion.In1975,geochemist Wallace Broecker introduced the term“climate change”in an article published by Science.In 1979,a National Academy of Sciences report used the term“global warming”to define increases in the Earth’s average surface temperature,while“climate change”more broadly referred to the numerous effects of this increase,such as sea-level rise and ocean acidification(酸化).During the following decades,some industrialists and politicians launched a campaign to sow doubt in the minds of the American public about the ability of fossil-fuel use,deforestation and other human activities to influence the planet’s climate.Word use played a critical role in developing that doubt.For example,the language and polls expert Frank Luntz wrote a memo encouraging the use of“climate change”because the phrase sounded less scary than“global warming,”reported the Guardian.However,Luntz’s recommendation wasn’t necessary.A Google Ngram Viewer chart shows that by1993climate change was already more commonly used in books than global warming.By the end of the next decade both words were used more frequently,and climate change was used nearly twice as often as global warming.NASA used the term“climate change”because it more accurately reflects the wide range of changes to the planet caused by increasing amounts of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.The debate isn’t new.A century ago,chemist Svante Arrhenius started one of the first debates over the potential for humans to influence the planet’s climate.Arrhenius calculated the capability of carbon dioxide to trap heat in the Earth’s atmosphere,but other chemists disagreed.Some argued that humans weren’t producing enough greenhouse gases,while others claimed the effects would be tiny.Now,of course,we know that whatever you call it,human behavior is warming the planet,with grave consequences ahead.51.Why did politicians use the two terms“global warming”and“climate change”?A)To sway public opinion of the impact of human activities on Earth.B)To more accurately describe the consequences of human activities.C)To win more popular votes in their campaign activities.D)To assure the public of the safety of existing industries.52.As used in a National Academy of Sciences report,the term“climate change”differsfrom“global warming”in that_____.A)it sounds less vagueB)it looks more scientificC)it covers more phenomena.D)it is much closer to reality53.What did industrialists of the late20th century resort to in order to mislead Americans?A)Made-up survey results.C)False research findings.B)Hired climate experts.D)Deliberate choice of words.54.Why did NASA choose the term“climate change”?A)To obtain more funds.B)For greater precision.C)For political needs.D)To avoid debate.55.What is the author’s final conclusion?A)Global warming is the more accurate term.B)Accuracy of terminology matters in science.C)Human activities have serious effects on Earth.D)Politics interferes with serious scientific debate.2020年9月四级深度阅读第一套Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.Americans spend billions of dollars each year trying to change their weight with diets，gym memberships and plastic surgery.Trying to live up to the images of"perfect"models and movie heroes has a dark side:anxiety,depression,as well as unhealthy strategies for weight loss or muscle gain.It also has a financial cost.Having an eating disorder boosts annual health care costs by nearly US$2,000per person.Why is there both external and internal pressure to look"perfect"?One reason is that society rewards people who are thin and healthy-looking.Researchers have shown that body mass index is related to wages and income.Especially for women,there is a clear penalty at work for being overweight or obese.Some studies have also found an impact for men,though a less noticeable one.While the research literature is clear that labor market success is partly based on how employers and customers perceive your body image,no one had explored the other side of the question.Does a person's own perception of body image matter to earnings and other indicators of success in the workplace?Our recently published study answered this question by tracking a large national random sample of Americans over a critical time period when bodies change from teenage shape into adult form and when people build their identities.As in other research,women in our sample tend to over-perceive weight--they think they're heavier than they are--while men tend to under-perceive theirs.We found no relationship between the average person's self-perception of weight and labor market outcomes, although self-perceived weight can influence self-esteem（自尊心），mental health and health behaviors.While the continued gender penalty in the labor market is frustrating,our finding that misperceived weight does not harm workers is more heartening.Since employers'perception of weight is what matters in the labor market,changing discrimination laws to include body type as a category would help.Michigan is the onlystate that prohibits discrimination on the basis of weight and height.We believe expanding such protections would make the labor market more fair and efficient.46.What does the author say may have an adverse impact on people?A)Undergoing plastic surgeries in pursuit of beauty.B)Imitating the lifestyles of heroes and role models.C)Striving to achieve perfection regardless of financial cost.D)Attempting to meet society's expectation of appearance.47.What have researchers found out about people's earnings?A)They are closely related to people's social status.B)They have to do with people's body weight and shape.C)They seem to matter much less to men than to women.D)They may not be equal to people's contributions.48.What does the author's recent study focus on?A)Previous literature on indicators of competitiveness in the workplace.B)Traits that matter most in one's pursuit of success in the labor market.C)Whether self-perception of body image impacts one's workplace success.D)How bosses'perception of body image impacts employees'advancement.49.What is the finding of the author's recent research?A)Being overweight actually does not do much harm to the overall well-being of employees.B)People are not adversely affected in the workplace by false self-perception of body weight.C)Self-esteem helps to combat gender inequality in the workplace.D)Gender inequality continues to frustrate a lot of female employees.50.What does the author think would help improve the situation in the labor market?A)Banning discrimination on the basis of employees'body image.B)Expanding protection of women against gender discrimination.C)Helping employees change their own perception of beauty.D)Excluding body shape as a category in the labor contract.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.The work-life balance is dead.By this,I’m not advocating that you should give up your pursuit of having a fulfilling career and a thriving personal life,and I'm definitely not saying that you have to give up one to have the other.I also acknowledge that we have a work-life problem,but I'm arguing that the concept of balance has never been helpful,because it's too limiting.You see,our language makes a difference,and how we refer to things matters because it affects our thinking and therefore our actions.At the minimum,most of us work because we want to be able to support ourselves,our families,and the people around us.In the ideal world,we're all doing work that we're proud of and that provides meaning and purpose to us. But even if your job doesn't give you shivers of joy each new day,working is a part of what each of us does and the contribution we make to society.When you separate work and life,it's a little bit harder to make that connection.But when you think of work as part of a full life and a complete experience,it becomes easier to see that success in one aspect often supports another.Losing your balance and falling isn't pleasant.A goal to balance suggests that things could quickly get off balance,and that causes terrible outcomes.It's more constructive to think of solutions that continue to evolve over shifts in life and work.Rather than falling or failing,you may have good days or better days or not-so-good days. These variations are normal,and it's more useful to think of life as something that is ever evolving and changing, rather than a high-risk enterprise where things could go wrong with one misstep.How we talk to ourselves matters,and how we talk about issues makes a difference.Let's bury"work-life balance"and think bigger and better about work-life fulfillment to do a little less balancing and a lot more living.51.What does the author suggest by saying"The work-life balance is dead"?A)The hope of achieving a thriving life is impossible to realize.B)The pursuit of a fulfilling career involves personal sacrifice.C)The imbalance between work and life simply doesn't exist anymore.D)The concept of work-life balance contributes little to a fulfilling life.52.What does the author say about our use of language?A)It impacts how we think and behave.C)It changes with the passage of time.B)It reflects how we communicate.D)It differs from person to person.53.What does the author say we do in an ideal world?A)We do work that betters the lives of our families and friends.。

2023英语四级12月阅读

2023英语四级12月阅读
2023年12月英语四级阅读理解题目和答案可能涉及多篇文章，话题多样，包括经济、文化、历史、科技等。

以下仅提供部分题目及答案，供您参考：
文章一：
标题：未来教育的发展趋势
问题：
1. 根据文章，未来教育的发展趋势是什么？
答案：未来教育的发展趋势是数字化、个性化、多元化和全球化。

2. 文章中提到的“教育云”是什么？
答案：教育云是指将教育资源存储在云端，通过网络进行共享和访问。

文章二：
标题：人工智能在医疗领域的应用
问题：
1. 人工智能在医疗领域有哪些应用？
答案：人工智能在医疗领域的应用包括辅助诊断、预测疾病、机器人手术等。

2. 人工智能在医疗领域的优势是什么？
答案：人工智能在医疗领域的优势包括快速准确诊断、减少人为误差和提高医疗服务效率。

文章三：
标题：气候变化对生态系统的影响
问题：
1. 气候变化对生态系统的影响有哪些？
答案：气候变化会导致生态系统中的物种灭绝、生态平衡破坏和环境恶化等问题。

2. 文章中提到的“生物多样性”是什么？
答案：生物多样性是指在一定区域内生物种类的丰富程度和相互关系的复杂程度。

请注意，以上仅为模拟题目及答案，实际考试题目和答案可能会有所不同。

建议您多做真题和模拟题，提高自己的英语水平和应试能力。

12月英语四级仔细阅读训练题及答案

XX年12月英语四级仔细阅读训练题及答案xx年12月英语四级仔细阅读训练题及答案In many traditional societies a woman's role is restricted to that of mother (for the continuation of the race) , and she is confined to family and household activities, including help out in the field and market. In some ethnic(种族的) munities in Indonesia, even today, women are supposed to do the hard labor in the rice fields, while men take it easy in their coffee shops.When I visited the island of Timor in eastern Indonesia in 1987, I was told by friends that in the interior of the islands, where roads are still non-existent,villagers traveled to market either on foot or on horseback. It was a mon sight to see the husband riding a horse, with his wife walking behind him carrying a heavy bundle of produce onher head to the market. On the island of Alor, also in eastern Indonesia, I met an old man aged about 80 years, proudly boasting to me that he had nine wives. "But you are a Catholic," I said to him. "How could you have nine wives?" He smiled, and said: "I married only once in church, but the other eight wives I married aording to ourtraditional laws. " In many ethnic munities in Indonesiathe good woman or wife is one who obey her husband, whodoes not go around gossiping, who cleans her home and cooks good food for the family, who is diligent in the field, whodoes not visit friends too much, and who gives birth oflots of children, especially boys.In Indonesia many years ago the wives of government workers or members of the armed forces were organized into women's organizations. The leadership of these women's organizations was set up aording to the hierarchical positions of the members' husbands. For example, the organization of women of personnel of a government ministry would automatically have as its chairperson the wife of the minister at the national level, and the chairperson of the provincial organization would be the wife of the governor, and so on to the lower administrative levels. It is amazing how a woman who may have an interest in being a leader nevertheless automatically bees a chairperson because of the official position of her husband. When the husband is no longer minister or governor, she also automatically loses her position. Many of these women have plained to me that they feel this is a straitjacket(约束物) imposed on them, but they feel they have to aept the role for the sake of safeguarding their husbands' careers.26. In some ethnic districts in Indonesia women should.A. do household activitiesB. give birth of childrenC. do the hard labor in the fieldsD. all of the above27. In the 2nd paragraph "roads" means.A. some roadsB. high waysC. country roadsD. heavy roads28. What does the question "How could you have nine wives?" imply?A. The old man is too old to have nine wives.B. The old man shouldn't have had nine wives.C. The old man could marry only once because he is member of the Church of Rome.D. The old man could have only a wife for he is a Christian.29. Which of the following is NOT TRUE aording to Paragraph 3?A. Women's organizations were set up in the government administrative levels and the armed forces.B. The head of the women's organization of a province must be the wife of the governor.C. All the leaders of the woman's organizations enjoyed their roles.D. The wife of a governor loses her leading positionfor the sake of her husband.30. The closest restatement of the last sentence in,the 3rd paragraph is.A. many women would hate to be the chairperson without considering their husband's careersB. many governors' wives plain they have to aept the chairperson rolesC. many women are forced to bee the leaders of women's organizations in order to protect their husband's professionD. many governors' wives feel it necessary to aept the roles26. D 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. C。

2022年12月英语四级阅读真题及答案解析(新东方在线版)新

2022年12月英语四级阅读真题及答案解析（新东方在线版）无论是选词填空、长篇阅读还是认真阅读，与在四级课堂上讲到的解题技巧都有很高的契合度。

首先一起来谈谈选词填空这个题型。

总的来说，考点仍旧是课堂上反复跟大家强调的，用我们上课讲到的快速解题法则很快能得到正确答案。

首先第一步分析选项词性。

今年名词考2个，动词考5个，形容词考1个，副词2个。

如此一来，我们很快把15选1缩小到了最多是7选1，最少的状况是1选1。

另外，请留意，名词通过单复数，动词通过时态和非谓语动词还可以进一步缩小范围。

选词填空答案如下：26. F Damage27. B associated28 .M sources29 .D constant30 .G described31 .E control32 .H equals33 .K regularly34. I exclusively35 .O vehicles长篇阅读难度持平，用定位法则快速找定位即可，特殊要留意的是题干中只消失的大写专出名词、数字、时间、连词符和只消失过一次的表达。

今年的匹配题比较难，少数题干消失了同义替换的现象，大多数还是根据我们说的用到的是类似的表达和词性的替换。

匹配题答案如下：36-40 DBGFI 41-45 FCJEG36. More than half of the food Americans eat is factory-produced37.There is a special program that assigns doctors to give advice to shoppers in food stores.38.There is growing evidence from research that food helps patients recover from various illnesses.39. A healthy breakfast can be prepared quickly and easily.40.Training a patient to prepare healthy fod can change their life.41. One food-as-medicine program not only prescribes food for treatment but teaches patientshow to cook it.42. Scott is nat keen on cooking food herself thinking it would simply be a waste of time43. Diabetes patients are advised to eat more plant-based fooding food as medicine is no novel idea but the movement is making headway these days.45. Americans high rates of various illesses result from the way they eat.再来谈谈认真阅读部分。

2021年12月份大学英语四级精品班长篇阅读

长篇阅读部分四级考试中的长篇阅读部分占71分。

这部分必须进行针对性练习，才可拿到不错的分数。

Directions:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraphis marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet2.2020年12月四级长篇阅读第一套The Place Where the Poor Once ThrivedA)This is the land of opportunity.If that weren’t already implied by the landscape—rolling green hills,palm trees, sun-kissed flowers—then it’s evident in the many stories of people who grew up poor in these sleepy neighborhoods and rose to enormous success.People like Tri Tran,who fled Vietnam on a boat in1986,showed up in San Jose with nothing, made it to MIT,and then founded the food-delivery start-up Munchery,which is valued at$300million.B)Indeed,data suggests that this s one of the best places to grow up poor in America.A child born in the early1980s into a low-income family in San Jose had a12.9percent chance of becoming a high earner as an adult,according to a landmark study released in2014by the economist Raj Chetty and his colleagues from Harvard and Berkeley.That number—12.9 percent—may not seem remarkable,but it was:Kids in San Jose whose families fell in the bottom quintile（五分位数）of income nationally had the best shot in the country at reaching the top quintile.C)By contrast,just4.4percent of poor kids in Charlotte moved up to the top;in Detroit the figure was5.5percent.San Jose had social mobility comparable to Denmark’s and Canada’s and higher than other progressive cities such as Boston and Minneapolis.D)The reasons kids in San Jose performed so well might seem obvious.Some of the world’s most innovative companies are located here,providing opportunities such as the one seized by a12-year-old Mountain View resident named Steve Jobs when he called William Hewlett to ask for spare parts and subsequently received a summer job.This is a city of immigrants—38percent of the city’s population today is foreign-born—and immigrants and their children have historically experienced significant upward mobility in America.The city has long had a large foreign-born population(26.5percent in 1990),leading to broader diversity,which,the Harvard and Berkeley economists say,is a good predictor of mobility.E)Indeed,the streets of San Jose seem,in some ways,to embody the best of America.It’s possible to drive in a matte of minutes from sleek(光滑的)office towers near the airport where people pitch ideas to investors,to single-family homes with orange trees in their yards,or to a Vietnamese mall.The libraries here offer programs in17languages,and there are areas filled with small businesses owned by Vietnamese immigrants,Mexican immigrants,Korean immigrants,and Filipino immigrants,to name a few.F)But researchers aren’t sure exactly why poor kids in San Jose did so well.The city has a low prevalence of children growing up in single-parent families,and a low level of concentrated poverty,both factors that usually mean a city allows for good intergenerational mobility.But San Jose also performs poorly on some of the measures correlated with good mobility.It is one of the most unequal places out of the741that the researchers measured,and it has high degrees of racial and economic segregation(隔离).Its schools underperform based on how much money there is in the area,said Ben Scuderi,a predoctoral fellow at the Equality of Opportunity Project at Harvard,which uses big data to study how to improve economic opportunities for low-income children.“There’s a lot going on here which we don’t totally understand,”he said.“It’s interesting,because it kind of defies our expectations.”G)The Chetty data shows that neighborhoods and places mattered for children born in the San Jose area of the1980s. Whether the city still allows for upward mobility of poor kids today,though,is up for debate.Some of the indicators such as income inequality,measured by the Equality of Opportunity Project for the yea2000,have only worsened in the past16 years.H)Some San Jose residents say that as inequality has grown in recent years,upward mobility has become much more difficult to achieve.As Silicon Valley has become home to more successful companies,the flood of people to the area has caused housing prices to skyrocket.By most measures,San Jose is no longer a place where low-income,or even middle-income families,can afford to live.Rents in San Jose grew42.6percent between2006and2014,which was the largest increase in the country during that time period.The city has a growing homelessness problem,which it tried to address by shutting down“The Jungle,”one of the largest homeless encampments(临时住地)in the nation,in2014.Inequality is extreme:The Human Development Index—a measure of life expectancy,education and per capita(人均的)income—gives East San Jose a score of4.85out of10,while nearby Cupertino,where Apple’s headquarters sits,receives a9.26.San Jose used to have a happy mix of factors—cheap housing,closeness to a rapidly developing industry,tightly-knit immigrant communities—that together opened up the possibility of prosperity for even its poorest residents.But in recent years, housing prices have skyrocketed,the region’s rich and poor have segregated,and middle-class jobs have disappeared.Given this,the future for the region’s poor doesn’t look nearly as bright as it once did.I)Leaders in San Jose are determined to make sure that the city regains its status as a place where even poor kids can access the resources to succeed.With Silicon Valley in its backyard,it certainly has the chance to do so.“I think there is a broad consciousness in the Valley that we can do better than to leave thousands of our neighbors behind through a period of extraordinary success,”San Jose Mayo Sam Liccardo said.J)But in today’s America—a land of rising inequality,increasing segregation,and stagnating(不增长的）middle-class wages—can the San Jose region really once again become a place of opportunity?K)The idea that those at the bottom can rise to the top is central to America’s ideas about itself.That such mobility has become more difficult in San Jose raises questions about the endurance of that foundational belief.After all,if the one-time land of opportunity can’t be fixed,what does that say for the rest of America?36.According to some people living in San Jose,it has become much harder for the poor to get ahead due to the increased inequality.37.In American history,immigrants used to have a good chance to move upward in society.38.If the problems of San Jose can’t be solved,one of America’s fundamental beliefs about itself can be shaken.39.San Jose was among the best cities in America for poor kids to move up the social ladder.40.Whether poor kids in San Jose today still have the chance to move upward is questionable.41.San Jose’s officials are resolved to give poor kids access to the resources necessary for success in life.42.San Jose appears to manifest some of the best features of America.43.As far as social mobility is concerned,San Jose beat many other progressive cities in America.44.Due to some changes like increases in housing prices in San Jose,the prospects for its poor people have dimmed.45.Researchers do not have a clear idea why poor children in San Jose achieved such great success several decades ago.2019年12月四级长篇阅读第一套A South Korean city designed for the future takes on a life of its own[A]Getting around a city is one thing一and then there’s the matter of getting from one city to another.One vision of the perfect city of the foture is a place that offers easy access to air travel.In2011,a University of North Carolina business professor named Jolui Kasarda published a book called Aerotropolis：The Way We'll Live Next.Kasarda says foture cities should be built intentionally around or near airports.The idea,as he has put it,is to offer businesses"rapid,long-distance connectivity on a massive scale."[B]"The18th century really was a waterborne（水运的）century,the19th century a rail century,the20th century a highway,car,truck century—and the21st century will increasingly be an aviation century,as the globe becomes increasingly connected by air,"Kasarda says.Songdo,a city built from scratch in South Korea,is one of Kasarda’s prime examples.It has existed for just a few years."From the outset,it was designed on the basis of connectivity and competitiveness，”says Kasarda."The government built the bridge directly from the airport to the Songdo International Business District.And the surface infrastructure was built at the same time as the new airport.[C]Songdo is a stone's throw from South Korea5s Incheon Airport,its main international hub(枢纽）.But it takes a lot more than a nearby airport to be a city of the foture.Just building a place as an"international business district"doesn't mean it will become one.Park Yeon Soo conceived（构想）this city of the foture back in1986.He considers Songdo his baby.Parksees himself as a visionary.Thirty years after he imagined the city,Park's baby is close to70percent built,with36,000 people living in the business district and90,000residents in greater Songdo.Ifs about an hour outside Seoul,built on fonner tidal flats along the Yellow Sea.There’s a Coast Guard building and a tall trade tower,as well as a park,golf course and university.[D]Chances are you've actually seen this place.Songdo appears in the most famous music video ever to come out of South Korea."Gangnam Stylerefers to the fashionable Gangiiam district in Seoul.But some of the video was filmed in Songdo."I don't know if you remember,there was a scene in a subway station.That was not Gangiiam.That was actually Songdo,"says Jung Won Son,a professor of urban development at London's Bartlett School of Planning."Part of the reason to shoot there is that it's new and nice.”[E]The city was supposed to be a hub fbr global companies,with employees from all over the world.But that’s not how it has turned out.Songdo's reputation is as a foturistic ghost town.But the reality is more complicated.A bridge with big,light-blue loops leads into the business district.In the center of the main road,there’s a long line of flags of the world. On the comer,there’s a Starbucks and a7-Eleven—all of the international brands that you see all over the world nowadays.[F]The city is not empty.There are mothers pushing baby carriages,old women with walkers—even in the middle of the day,when it's90degrees out.Byun Young-Jin chairs the Songdo real estate association and started selling property here when the first phase of the city opened in2005.He says demand has boomed in.the past couple of years.Most of his clients are Korean.In fact,the developer says,99percent of the homes here are sold to Koreans.Young families move here because the schools are great.And that5s the problem:Songdo has become a popular Korean city一more popular as a residential area than a business one.It's not yet the foturistic international business hub that planners imagined."It's a great place to live.And it's becoming a great place to work,"says Scott Summers,vice president of Gale International,the developer of the city.The floor-to-ceiling windows of his company's offices overlook Songdo Central Park,with a canal foil of small boats and people fishing.Shimering（闪烁的）glass towers line the canal's edge.[G]"What's happened is that our fbcus on creating that quality of life first has enabled the residents to live here,”Summers says.But there needs to be strong economic incentives fbr companies to locate here.The city is still unfinished,and it feels a bit like a theme park.It doesn't feel all that foturistic.There5s a high-tech underground trash disposal system.Buildings are environmentally friendly.Everybody's television set is connected to a system that streams personalized language or exercise classes.[H]But this is not Star Trek.And to some of the residents,Songdo feels hollow.'Tm,like,in prison fbr weekdays. That5s what we call it in the workplace/5says a woman in her20s.She doesn't want to use her name fbr fear of being fired from her job.She goes back to Seoul every weekend."I say I'm prison-breaking on Friday nights."But she has to make the prison break in her own car.There5s no high-speed train connecting Songdo to Seoul,just over20miles away.[I]Park Yeon Soo,the man who first imagined Songdo,feels frustrated,too.He says he built South Korea a luxury vehicle,Tike Mercedes or BMW.Ifs a good car now.But we're waiting fbr a good driver to accelerate.But there are lots of other good cars out there,too.The world is dotted with foturistic,high-tech cities trying to attract the biggest international companies.[J]Songdo’s backers contend that it's still early,and business space is filling up一about70percent of finished offices are now occupied.Brent Ryan,who teaches urban design at MIT,says Songdo proves a universal principle."There have been a lot of utopian(乌托邦的)cities in history.And the reason we don't know about a lot of them is that they have vanished entirely.In other words,when it comes to cities一or anything else一it is hard to predict the future.36.Songdo's popularity lies more in its quality of life than its business attraction.37.The man who conceived Songdo feels disappointed because it has fallen short of his expectations.38.A scene in a popular South Korean music video was shot in Songdo.39.Songdo still lacks the financial stimulus fbr businesses to set up shop there.40.Airplanes will increasingly become the chief means of transportation,according to a professor.41.Songdo has ended up different from the city it was supposed to be.42.Some of the people who work in Songdo complain about boredom in the workplace.43.A business professor says that a foture city should have easy access to international transportation.44.According to an urban design professor,it is difficult fbr city designers to foresee what will happen in the foture.45.Park Yeon Soo,who envisioned Songdo,feels a parental connection with the city.2019年12月四级长篇阅读第二套Is Breakfast Really the Most Important Meal of the Day?[A]Along with old classics like"carrots give you night visionand"Santa doesn't bring toys to misbehaving children”, one of the most well-wom plirases of tired parents everywhere is that breakfast is the most important meal of the day.Many of us grow up believing that skipping breakfast is a serious mistake,even if only two thirds of adults in the UK eat breakfast regularly,according to the British Dietetic Association,and around tliree-quarters of Americans.[B]"The body uses a lot of energy stores fbr growth and repair through the night,"explains diet specialist Sarah Elder. "Eating a balanced breakfast helps to up our energy,as well as make up fbr protein and calcium used tliroughout the night." But there5s widespread disagreement over whether breakfast should keep its top spot in the hierarchy（等级）of meals.There have been concerns around the sugar content of cereal and the food industry's involvement in pro-breakfast research—and even one claim from an academic that breakfast is"dangerous".[C]What’s the reality?Is breakfast a necessary start to the day or a marketing tactic by cereal companies?The most researched aspect of breakfast（and breakfast-skipping）has been its links to obesity.Scientists have different theories as to why there’s a relationship between the two.In one US study that analysed the health data of50,000people over seven years, researchers found that those who made breakfast the largest meal of the day were more likely to have a lower body mass index（BMI）than those who ate a large lunch or dinner.The researchers argued that breakfast helps reduce daily calorie intake and improve the quality of our diet—since breakfast foods are often higher in fibre and nutrients.[D]But as with any study of this kind,it was unclear if that was the cause—or if breakfast-skippers were just more likely to be overweight to begin with.To find out,researchers designed a study in which52obese women took part in a 12-week weight loss programme.All had the same number of calories over the day,but half had breakfast,while the other half did not.Wliat they found was that it wasn't breakfast itself that caused the participants to lose weight:it was changing their nonnal routine.[E]If breakfast alone isn't a guarantee of weight loss,why is there a link between obesity and breakfastskipping? Alexandra Joluistone,professor of appetite research at the University of Aberdeen,argues that it may simply be because breakfast-skippers have been found to be less knowledgeable about nutrition and health."There are a lot of studies on the relationship between breakfast eating and possible health outcomes,but this may be because those who eat breakfast choose to habitually have health-enliancing behaviours such as regular exercise and not smoking,she says.[F]A2016review of10studies looking into the relationship between breakfast and weight management concluded there is"limited evidence supporting or refuting（反驳）the argument that breakfast influences weight or food intake,and more evidence is required before breakfast recommendations can be used to help prevent obesity.[G]Researchers from the University of Surrey and University of Aberdeen are halfway tlirough research looking into the mechanisms behind how the time we eat influences body weight.Early findings suggest that a bigger breakfast is beneficial to weight control.Breakfast has been found to affect more than just weight.Skipping breakfast has been associated with a27%increased risk of heart disease,a21%higher risk of type2diabetes in men,and a20%higher risk of type2diabetes in women.One reason may be breakfast5s nutritional value—partly because cereal is fortified（增加营养价值）with vitamins.In one study on the breakfast habits of1,600young people in the UK,researchers found that the fibre and micronutrient intake was better in those who had breakfast regularly.There have been similar findings in Australia,Brazil, Canada and the US.[H]Breakfast is also associated with improved brain fonction,including concentration and language use.A review of 54studies found that eating breakfast can improve memory,though the effects on other brain fonctions were inconclusive. However,one of the review5s researchers,Mary Beth Spitznagel,says there is"reasonable"evidence breakfast does improve concentration一there just needs to be more research."Looking at studies that tested concentration,the number of studies showing a benefit was exactly the same as the number that found no benefit,she says."And no studies found that eating breakfast was bad fbr concentration.[I]What’s most important,some argue,is what we eat fbr breakfast.High-protein breakfasts have been found particularly effective in reducing the longing fbr food and consumption later in the day,according to research by the Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation.While cereal remains a firm favourite among breakfast consumers in the UK and US,a recent investigation into the sugar content of'adult'breakfast cereals found that some cereals contain more than tliree-quarters of the recommended daily amount of free sugars in each portion,and sugar was the second or third highest ingredient in cereals.[J]But some research suggests if we're going to eat sugary foods,ifs best to do it early.One study recruited200obese adults to take part in a16-week-long diet,where half added dessert to their breakfast,and half didn't.Those who added dessert lost an average of40pounds more一however,the study was unable to show the long-tenn effects.A review of54 studies found that there is no consensus yet on what type of breakfast is healthier,and conclude that the type of breakfast doesn't matter as much as simply eating something.[K]While there’s no conclusive evidence on exactly what we should be eating and when,the consensus is that we should listen to our own bodies and eat when we're hungry."Breakfast is most important fbr people who are hungry when they wake up,"Joluistone says."Each body starts the day differently—and those individual differences need to be researched more closely,Spitznagel says."A balanced breakfast is really helpfiil,but getting regular meals tliroughout the day is more important to leave blood sugar stable tlirough the day,which helps control weight and hunger levels,says Elder. "Breakfast isn't the only meal we should be getting right.”36.According to one professor,obesity is related to a lack of basic awareness of nutrition and health.37.Some scientists claim that people should consume the right kind of food at breakfast.38.Opinions differ as to whether breakfast is the most important meal of the day.39.It has been found that not eating breakfast is related to the incidence of certain diseases in some countries.40.Researchers found it was a change in eating habits rather than breakfast itself that induced weight loss.41.To keep oneself healthy,eating breakfast is more important than choosing what to eat.42.It is widely considered wrong not to eat breakfast.43.More research is needed to prove that breakfast is related to weight loss or food intake44.People who prioritise breakfasts tend to have lower calorie but higher nutritional intake45.Many studies reveal that eating breakfast helps people memorise and concentrate.2019年6月四级长篇阅读第一套How Work Will Change When Most of Us Live to100A)Today in the United States there are72,000centenarians（百岁老人）.Worldwide,Probably450,000.If current trends continue,then by2050there will be more than a million in the US alone.According to the work of Professor James Vaupel and his co-researchers,50%of babies born in the US in2007have a life expectancy of104or more.Broadly the same holds for the UK,Germany,France,Italy and Canada,and for Japan50%of2007babies can expect to live to107.B)Understandably,there are concerns about what this means for public finances given the associated health and pension challenges.These challenges are real,and society urgently needs to address them.But it is also important to look at the wider picture of what happens when so many people live for100years.It is a mistake to simply equate longevity(长寿) with issues of old age.Longer lives have implications for all of life,not just the end of it.C)Our view is that if many people are living for longer,and are healthier for longer,then this will result in an inevitable redesign of work and life.When people live longer,they are not only older for longer,but also younger for longer.There is some truth in the saying that“70is the new60”or“40the new30.”If you age more slowly over a longer time period,then you are in some sense younger for longer.D)But the changes go further than that.Take,for instance,the age at which people make commitments such as buying a house,getting married,having children,or starting a career.These are all fundamental commitments that are now occurring later in life.In1962,50%of Americans were married by age21.By2014,that milestone(里程碑)had shifted to age29.E)While there are numerous factors behind these shifts,one factor is surely a growing realization for the young that they are going to live longer.Options are more valuable the longer they can be held.So if you believe you will live longer,then options become more valuable,and early commitment becomes less attractive.The result is that the commitments that previously characterized the beginning of adulthood are now being delayed,and new patterns of behavior and a new stage of life are emerging for those in their twenties.F)Longevity also pushes back the age of retirement,and not only for financial reasons.Yes,unless people are prepared to save a lot more,our calculations suggest that if you are now in your mid-40s,then you are likely to work until your early 70s;and if you are in your early20s,there is a real chance you will need to work until your late70s or possibly even into your80s.But even if people are able to economically support a retirement at65,over thirty years of potential inactivity is harmful to cognitive(认知的)and emotional vitality.Many people may simply not want to do it.G)And yet that does not mean that simply extending our careers is appealing.Just lengthening that second stage of full-time work may secure the financial assets needed for a100-year life,but such persistent work will inevitably exhaust precious intangible assets such as productive skills,vitality,happiness,and friendship.H)The same is true for education.It is impossible that a single shot of education,administered in childhood and early adulthood,will be able to support a sustained,60-year career.If you factor in the projected rates of technological change,either your skills will become unnecessary,or your industry outdated.That means that everyone will,at some point in their life,have to make a number of major reinvestments in their skills.I)It seems likely,then,that the traditional three-stage life will evolve into multiple stages containing two,three,or oven more different careers.Each of these stages could potentially be different.In one the focus could be on building financial success and personal achievement,in another on creating a better work/life balance,still another on exploring and understanding options more fully,or becoming an independent producer,yet another on making a sociaContribution.These stages will span sectors,take people to different cities,and provide Foundation for building a wide variety of skills.J)Transitions between stages could be marked with sabbaticals(休假)as people find timrest and recharge their health, re-invest in their relationships,or improve their skills.At times,these breaks and transitions will be self-determined,at others they will be forced as existing roles,firms,or industries cease to exist.K）A multi-stage life will have profound changes not just in how you manage your career,but also in your approach to life. An increasingly important skill will be your ability to deal with change and even welcome it.A three-stage life has few transitions,while a multi-stage life has many.That is why being self-aware,investing in broader networks of friends,and being open to new ideas will become even more crucial skills.L）These multi-stage lives will create extraordinary variety across groups of people simply because there are so many ways of sequencing the stages.More stages mean more possible sequences.M）With this variety will come the end of the close association of age and stage.I n a three-stage life,people leave university at the same time and the same age,they tend to start their careers and family at the same age,they proceed through middle management all roughly the same time,and then move into retirement within a few years of each other.In a multi-stage life,you could be an undergraduate at20,40,or60;a manager at30,50,or70;and become an independent producer at any age.N）Current life structures,career paths,educational choices,and social norms are out of tune with the emerging reality of longer lifespans.The three-stage life of full-time education,followed by continuous work,and then complete retirement may have worked for our parents or even grandparents,but it is not relevant today.We believe that to focus on longevity as primarily an issue of aging is to miss its full implications.Longevity is not necessarily about being older for longer.It is about living longer,being older later,and being younger longer.36.An extended lifespan in the future will allow people to have more careers than now.37.Just extending one’s career may have both positive and negative effects.38.Nowadays,many Americans have on average delayed their marriage by some eight years.39.Because of their longer lifespan,young people today no longer follow the pattern of life of their parents or grandparents.40.Many more people will be expected to live over100by the mid-21st century.41.A longer life will cause radical changes in people’s approach to life.42.Fast technological change makes it necessary for one to constantly upgrade their skills.43.Many people may not want to retire early because it would do harm to their mental and emotional well-being.44.The close link between age and stage may cease to exist in a multi-stage life.。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

四级深度阅读
2012.6（两篇）-2012.12（第一篇）
2012年6月的第57题
提问方式：In the initial stage,the current economic crisis is likely to _______.
参考答案：Bring about a drop in the divorce rate
答案来源：第一段前两句，If the Great Depression is any guide, we may see a drop in our skyhigh divorce rate.
2012年6月的第59题
提问方式：In addition to job losses. What stands in the way of unhappy couples getting a divorce?参考答案：D Falling housing prices
答案来源：第三段，Furthermore, the housing market meltdown will make it more difficult for them to finance their separations by selling their homes.
2012年6月的第60题
提问方式：What will the current economic crisis eventually do to some married couples?
参考答案：B It will irreparably damage their relationship
答案来源：最后一段，Today’s economic crisis could well generate a similar numb er of couples whose relationships have been irreparably(无法弥补地)ruined.
2012年6月的第62题
提问方式：What do we learn about Facebook from the first paragraph?
参考答案：D It profits by selling its users’ personal data.
答案来源：第一段，Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages.
2012年6月的第64题
提问方式：Why does Facebook make changes to its rules according to Elliot Schrage?
参考答案：C To render better service to its users.
答案来源：第四段，According to Facebook’s vice-president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its service,
2012年6月的第65题
提问方式：What does Senator Charles Schumer advocate?
参考答案：B Formulating regulations for social-networking sites.
答案来源：第六段，In April. Senator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission to set guidelines for social-networking sites.
2012年12月的第57题
提问方式：How did the author look back on his summer days while at college?
参考答案：B They were no holiday for him at all.
答案来源：第一段最后一句，My friends never seem to understand why I’m so relieved to be back at school or that my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation.
2012年12月的第58题
提问方式：What does the author say about college students?
参考答案：C They think too highly of themselves.
答案来源：第二段，There’re few people as self-confident as a college student who has never been out in the real world.People my age always seem to overestimate the value of their time and knowledge.
2012年12月的第59题
提问方式：What,according to the author,is most frustrating for blue-collar workers?
参考答案：B They do not have job security.
答案来源：The most stressful thing about blue-collar life is knowing your job could disappear overnight.。