高考英语写作之八 高考书面表达八项原则
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高考英语作文写作要求1. Understand the Prompt: Before you start writing, make sure you understand the essay prompt. It's crucial to know whether you are being asked to describe, explain, argue, or narrate.2. Plan Your Response: Spend a few minutes outlining your main points. This will help you organize your thoughts and ensure a logical flow of ideas.3. Follow the Word Count: Adhere to the word limit set by the exam. Going under or over can negatively impact your score.4. Use a Clear Structure: A typical essay structure includes an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. Each paragraph should have a clear topic sentence.5. Vary Your Sentences: Use a mix of simple, compound, and complex sentences to make your writing more engaging.6. Employ Proper Grammar and Punctuation: Correct grammar and punctuation are essential. Errors can distract from your argument and lower your score.7. Expand on Your Ideas: Provide examples, reasons, or evidence to support your points. This will strengthen your argument and make your essay more persuasive.8. Use a Formal Tone: Since this is an academic essay,maintain a formal tone throughout your writing.9. Avoid Plagiarism: Always use your own words. Plagiarism isa serious offense and can lead to disqualification.10. Proofread: Before submitting your essay, read through it to correct any spelling, grammatical, or punctuation errors.11. Time Management: Allocate your time wisely. Leave enough time for planning, writing, and revising your essay.12. Be Original: Try to express your ideas in a unique way. This can help your essay stand out.13. Use Appropriate Vocabulary: Show your vocabulary range by using a mix of common and advanced words, but make sure they are used correctly.14. Practice Regularly: The more you practice writing essays, the more confident you will become. Try to write on a variety of topics to prepare for different prompts.15. Stay Focused on the Topic: Ensure that all parts of your essay are relevant to the prompt. Going off-topic can lead to a lower score.Remember, the goal is not just to fill the page but to present a well-structured, coherent, and compelling argument or narrative. Good luck!。
高考英语写作原则一、长短句原则写英语作文时,有长句,也要有短句。
在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。
写一个短小精辟的句子可以起到画龙点睛的作用。
而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:For example:As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.二、主题句原则写作文时一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,隐藏主体句是不可取的。
For example:To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句).Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、一二三原则写文章必然要通过一些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。
方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。
不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗)3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗)4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐,原因:俗)5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)8)most important of all, moreover, finally9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)四、短语优先原则写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。
高考英语书面表达高分与技巧一.审题1、审体裁:明确用什么文体、什么格式。
2、审人称:明确用什么人称。
3、审时态:明确本文的主要时态,使全文时态一致。
4、审要点:明确写什么,要确保要点齐全。
既要列出已知要点,还要列出隐含要点,更应列出……要点。
二. 写作建议1、正确性:书面表达必须坚持正确第一的原则,保证所写句子在语法上、结构上是正确的、得体的,尤其是文章的开头和结尾。
2、条理性:在确保正确的前提下,适当运用一些连接词或连接句,使文章条理清晰。
同时还要学会分段。
3、多样性:在确保正确的前提下,要追求句型表达的多样性。
4、复杂性:在确保正确的前提下,要追求词汇词组及句型的复杂性。
5、规范性:要用黑色笔答题,不乱涂乱划,不超出答题区域,字迹要端正,标点符号不乱用。
三. 短语优先原则书面表达时,能用短语时,尽量用短语。
它会使文章增加亮点,提升文章的档次,也会给阅卷老师留下一个好印象。
1、因为……没有……因为生病了他昨天没有参加会议。
He didn’t come to the meeting yesterday because he was ill.He didn’t at tend the meeting yesterday on account of his illness.He was absent from the meeting yesterday owing to/ due to his illness.His illness accounted for his absence from the meeting yesterday.His illness prevented him from attending the meeting yesterday.2、喜欢……当他是孩童时,就喜爱学习。
When he was a child, he liked to learn everything.As a child, he was fond of learning.When he was a child, he was addicted to knowledge.As a child, he was mad about knowledge.When he was a child, he was crazy about learning.As a child, he took great pleasure in learning.When he was a child, he had a strong desire/ passion for knowledge.When he was a child, he had a strong appetite for knowledge.3、认为……有75%的学生认为五一节高三学生应该放假。
手惰市安逸阳光实验学校书面表达高分技巧英语书面表达的基本要求1. 不写错别词;2. 语句基本通顺,很少语法错误;3.把要表达的内容都表达出来;4. 格式规范,书写整洁.但做到这还不能得高分!《普通高校招生全国统一考试英语科考试大纲》中要求考生能根据提示进行书面表达,考生应能:1.清楚,连贯地传达信息,表达意思;2.有效运用所学语言知识.写作点拨一. 适当地运用一些词组,习语来代替单个单词或平淡的句子,以增加文采,丰富语句的表现力.1).You can find my house easily.2). She likes sports very much.3). The experiment failed in the end.4). I hope to receive your reply soon.5). Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable.6).We all think he is a great man.7).Suddenly I thought out a good idea.二. 尽量避免过多地重复使用某一单词,选择使用其他恰当的同义词或词组来代替.1.I like reading while my brother likes watching.2. We’ve built a new classroom building besides the old one and we’ve also built a library where the old playground used to be.三.适当运用分词或介词结构1.When she heard the news, she began to cry. (使用V-ing形式).2. Mr Smith was invited by Nanjing University, Mr Smith went to makea speech on DNA. (使用V-ed形式).四.适当使用一些主从复合句来代替简单句或并列句.1. The meal was very nice. We all enjoyed it very much.2. To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.五.适当打破常规,用一些倒装句,强调句或感叹句,为意思的表达增添一点新意.1.He did not know what had happened until he had read the news in the newspaper.2. I was very surprised to see Peter there.3.韩惠不但歌唱得好, 而且舞也跳得好.六.通过合句,将意义相关的几个句子用一定的连接方式连接起来,或通过紧缩,去掉一些多余的成分或无意义的重复,避免冗长累赘,松散无力,以增强句子的连贯性,达到更好的表达效果.1. We had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced. Some told stories. Some played chess. (have fun doing sth.)2. I’m seventeen years old this year; that is to say, I’ll be ei ghteen years old in 2008.3. The school is surrounded by many green trees. It looks very beautiful.七.有效地使用语句间的连接成分,使句子间的逻辑关系更加明确,使整篇文章条理清楚,连贯流畅。
浅谈高考英语应用文写作之八“C”原则高考英语应用文写作一直是考生们非常关注的一个部分,其实应用文写作并不是很难,只要我们掌握了一些基本的原则和技巧,就能够写出一篇令人满意的文章。
在这里,我将会向大家介绍一下高考英语应用文写作之八“C”原则,希望对大家有所帮助。
1. Clear(清晰):写作应用文首先要求我们的语言要清晰明了,表达要简洁明了。
不要使用过多的修饰词和繁琐的句式,而应该用简单清晰的语言来表达自己的意思。
句子要通顺,表达要直接,让读者一目了然。
2. Concise(简洁):在写应用文时,我们一定要做到言之有物,不要说一些无关痛痒的废话。
要抓住重点,把自己的意思简洁明了地表达出来。
语言要简洁,思想要精辟,不要啰嗦。
3. Coherent(连贯):文章要连贯,思路要清晰。
要注意段落之间的连接和整体结构的安排,使得整篇文章的逻辑关系清晰明了。
不要让读者在阅读过程中感到困惑,应该让他们一气呵成地读完整篇文章。
4. Correct(正确):写作应用文时,语法和用词一定要正确。
不要出现拼写错误、语法错误以及用词不当的问题。
否则会给读者留下不良的印象,影响文章的整体质量。
5. Considerate(体贴):在写应用文时,我们要考虑读者的感受,要站在读者的角度思考问题,保持适度的客观性和中立性。
不要用过于主观或情绪化的语言,而应该用客观、冷静的语言来表达自己的意见和建议。
6. Complete(完整):在写应用文时,要注意自己所要表达的内容是否全面,是否有所遗漏。
在表述问题时,要尽量详尽地叙述问题的各个方面,以便读者能够全面地了解到你的观点和建议。
7. Customized(定制):在写应用文时,要根据不同的应用场合和对象来定制语言风格和表达方式。
要针对不同的读者群体来选择合适的语言和表达方式,以便能够更好地达到写作的目的。
8. Creative(创造性):在写应用文时,要注意保持创造性,不要僵化地套用模板。
浅谈高考英语应用文写作之八“C”原则高考英语应用文写作是高考英语考试中的一个重要部分,也是考查学生综合语言运用能力的重要环节。
为了帮助同学们更好地备考高考英语应用文写作,下面给大家详细介绍一下提高应用文写作能力的“C”原则。
“C”原则是由Content、Context、Characteristics、Coherence、Conciseness、Clarity、Correctness、Creativity这八个方面组成。
Content(内容)是应用文写作的重点和最核心的要素。
写作时要明确写作目的,正确选取和组织要素材料,确保内容准确、全面、有价值。
如:“书面表达”的要点要完整、条理清晰,逻辑严密;“申请信”的要点要对申请事项进行论证,有说服力。
Context(情景)是指写作时要明确写作对象、写作目的和写作场合。
要根据不同的写作题目,选择合适的写作方式和语言风格,使写作有针对性和有效性。
如:“邀请信”要根据不同对象和场合,选择恰当的用词和语气;“倡议书”要围绕特定的问题,提出具体的建议和措施。
Characteristics(特点)是指应用文写作具有一定的格式、结构和语言特点。
要熟悉各类应用文的写作格式和结构,掌握常用的应用文写作语言表达方式,使写作风格严谨、条理清晰。
如:“应聘书”的格式要包括日期、称呼、称谓等,结构要包括自我介绍、职位申请、能力描述等。
Coherence(连贯性)是指文章的内容要有逻辑性,段落之间要有连贯性。
要善于运用连词、过渡句等手段,使文章语义流畅,段落之间互相衔接,确保整篇文章的连贯性。
如:“感谢信”要在适当的地方使用过渡词,使得表达更为连贯。
Conciseness(简洁性)是指应用文写作要言之有物,避免冗长啰嗦。
要注意句子结构简洁明了,词语精确准确,避免废话和冗长的句子。
如:“请假条”要用简短明了的句子写明请假事由和请假时间。
Clarity(清晰性)是指应用文写作要清晰明了,语言表达要准确。
浅谈高考英语应用文写作之八“C”原则
高考英语应用文写作是高中英语教学中重点部分之一,也是应用能力考核的重要内容。
在写作过程中,不仅要注意文章结构和语言表达,还需要遵循“C”原则,即清晰、简洁、准确、连贯、得体、规范和实用。
1.清晰:在写作中,要求语言简明易懂,避免过多的词汇和句子结构的复杂。
应用
文主要是为了传递信息和解决问题,所以要注意思路逻辑的清晰,使读者容易理解。
2.简洁:应用文是一种实用性文体,要求篇幅短小,言简意赅。
文章要表达的内容
要尽可能用简单的词汇、简短的句子、简洁的表述来表达。
3.准确:应用文的写作过程中,要用恰当的词汇、语法结构和句型来表达,确保文
章表达的意思准确,不产生误解。
此外,要特别注意涉及数据或数字的表述,避免出现错
误和矛盾的情况。
4.连贯:应用文的内容和结构应该紧密统一,逻辑合理,表意连贯,语言流畅。
在
写作过程中,需要注意引导词、过渡句的运用,使文章表达的思路自然过渡,清晰连贯。
5.得体:应用文应该符合一定的语用习惯和文化背景,同时体现出自己的风格和特色。
此外,要注意语气,避免使用过度强烈或不恰当的语言表达,造成反感或误解。
6.规范:应用文是一种正式文体,要求语言规范、用词准确、书写规范。
文章排版
应该清晰整洁,字体统一,大小适宜。
同时,要注意遵循文体的规范,如各种应用文的格
式和结构。
7.实用:应用文是为传递信息和解决问题而存在的,要求内容具有实际应用价值。
在写作过程中,需要考虑读者的需求和诉求,使得文章的内容能够解决问题并得到实际应用。
八条规则英语作文题纲Title: The Essence of Eight Rules for Life.I. Introduction.Brief overview of the concept of "Eight Rules for Life"Importance of following these rules in modern society.Purpose of the article and expected reader outcomes.II. Rule 1: Stand Tall with Pride.Discussion on the significance of pride and self-esteem.How to cultivate and maintain a proud demeanor.The role of pride in personal growth and success.III. Rule 2: Embrace Your Flaws.Importance of accepting and loving oneself despite flaws.Strategies for turning flaws into strengths.The psychological benefits of embracing flaws.IV. Rule 3: Chase Your Dreams with Passion.The power of passion in achieving dreams.How to identify and pursue personal passions.Overcoming obstacles and staying motivated.V. Rule 4: Love Deeply and Genuinely.The value of genuine and unconditional love.Strategies for cultivating deep relationships.The role of love in personal happiness and fulfillment.VI. Rule 5: Embrace Change with Open Arms.The inevitability and necessity of change.How to adapt to and thrive in changing environments.The benefits of a positive mindset towards change.VII. Rule 6: Learn Continuously.The importance of lifelong learning.Strategies for effective learning and knowledge acquisition.The role of learning in personal and professional growth.VIII. Rule 7: Forgive and Forget.The benefits of forgiveness and letting go of grudges.How to forgive others and move on from negative experiences.The role of forgiveness in promoting harmony and positive relationships.IX. Rule 8: Live with Purpose and Intent.The significance of having a clear sense of purpose in life.How to identify and pursue personal life purposes.The role of purpose in making life meaningful and fulfilling.X. Conclusion.Summary of the eight rules and their importance in life.Encouragement to embrace and apply these rules in daily life.Final thoughts on the transformative power of following the Eight Rules for Life.Note: This outline provides a structure for a comprehensive article on the Eight Rules for Life. Each section can be expanded upon to reach the desired word count of at least 1000 words, while also including real-life examples, anecdotes, quotes, and other illustrative material to enrich the content.。
高考英语作文写作基本原则导读:一、主题句原则国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。
否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事!特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的!To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句).Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.二、长短句原则工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。
而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记!强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。
三、一二三原则领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点…如此罗嗦。
可毕竟还是条理清楚。
考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。
8原则英语作文The 8 Principles of English Composition。
English composition is a skill that is essential for effective communication in various fields. As such, it is important to understand the principles of English composition to be able to write effectively. The following are the eight principles of English composition:1. Unity: Unity means that all the ideas in a composition should be related to a central theme or topic. The writer should ensure that all the sentences in a paragraph are related to the main idea.2. Coherence: Coherence means that the ideas in a composition should be logically connected. The writer should use transitional words and phrases to connect ideas and make the text flow smoothly.3. Emphasis: Emphasis means that the writer shouldhighlight the most important ideas in a composition. This can be achieved through the use of repetition, contrast, and other rhetorical devices.4. Variety: Variety means that the writer should use a variety of sentence structures and lengths to keep the reader engaged. This can also be achieved through the use of different types of punctuation, such as commas, semicolons, and dashes.5. Clarity: Clarity means that the writer should use clear and concise language to convey their ideas. The writer should avoid using jargon and technical terms that may be difficult for the reader to understand.6. Simplicity: Simplicity means that the writer should use simple language and sentence structures. This is especially important when writing for a general audience.7. Parallelism: Parallelism means that the writer should use parallel sentence structures to create a sense of balance and rhythm in their writing. This can beachieved through the use of parallel clauses, phrases, and words.8. Economy: Economy means that the writer should use only the words and phrases that are necessary to convey their ideas. The writer should avoid using unnecessary words and phrases that may confuse the reader.In conclusion, these eight principles of English composition are essential for effective writing. By following these principles, writers can ensure that their writing is clear, concise, and engaging.。
八条规则英语作文提纲Title: The Eight Rules of Effective Writing.I. Introduction.Begin with a captivating hook to engage the reader's interest.Briefly introduce the importance of writing rules and their impact on communication.Preview the eight rules that will be discussed in the essay.II. Rule 1: Clear Purpose and Audience.Explain the need for a clear purpose and intended audience in writing.Discuss how defining the purpose helps in shaping thecontent and tone of the writing.Illustrate how understanding the audience affects the choice of language, examples, and arguments.III. Rule 2: Structured Outline.Argue for the importance of outlining before writing.Describe how an outline helps organize ideas and maintain coherence.Provide examples of effective outlines for different types of writing.IV. Rule 3: Concise and Precise Language.Emphasize the use of concise and precise language to convey ideas efficiently.Discuss the benefits of avoiding redundancy, vagueness, and jargon.Provide examples of how to rewrite sentences toachieve conciseness and precision.V. Rule 4: Varied Sentence Structure.Argue for the importance of variety in sentence structure.Explain how different sentence lengths and types add rhythm and interest to writing.Provide examples of how to incorporate diversesentence structures into writing.VI. Rule 5: Effective Transitions.Highlight the role of transitions in maintaining the flow of writing.Discuss different types of transitions and their usage.Show how transitions can help connect ideas and improve readability.VII. Rule 6: Use of Evidence and Examples.Stress the importance of supporting arguments with evidence and examples.Discuss how evidence and examples make writing more persuasive and credible.Provide examples of how to effectively incorporate evidence and examples into writing.VIII. Rule 7: Revision and Editing.Argue for the necessity of revision and editing in writing.Explain the different stages of revision and editing, including proofreading and checking for grammar, punctuation, and spelling.Discuss the benefits of seeking feedback from others and how it can improve writing.IX. Rule 8: Authentic Voice.Emphasize the importance of expressing one's unique voice and perspective in writing.Discuss how authenticity and sincerity can add value to writing.Provide examples of how writers can incorporate their authentic voice into their writing.X. Conclusion.Summarize the eight rules discussed in the essay.Reiterate the importance of following these rules for effective writing.Encourage readers to apply these rules in their own writing and continue to develop their writing skills.。
高考英语作文八个技巧高考英语作文八个技巧高考英文写作几乎是所有同学在英语考试中最薄弱的一环。
许多同学花了大量的时间和精力,却很难在这一项上有所突破。
在迎考倒计时之际,下面是店铺整理的高考英语作文八个技巧,欢迎大家阅读!第一招:审题细心审题好比驾驶员打方向,方向对了,哪怕开得慢点,也会顺利到目的地。
如果审题不清,书面表达的成绩不知道会有多惨。
学生真正开始写作前,必须花相当一部分时间做写前阅读、思考等准备,包含以下四方面:1)审体裁。
根据情景提示首先要弄清写何种体裁文章。
2)审结构。
明确开始部分、正文部分和结尾部分,定好段落。
3)审格式。
如日记、便条、书信、通知的格式等。
4)审内容。
弄清什么必需写,哪些略写,尤其是图画式书面表达,要学会连贯性,读懂图的意思。
5)审人称和时态。
弄清书面表达要求用何种人称,根据材料确定短文的基本时态。
第二招:衔接流畅恰当使用逻辑词语,使各要点间连贯,行文通顺。
表并列或递进: and, both…and...,neither…nor, not only…but also...;表选择: or, either…or;表转折或让步: but,although, though, however, even though, in spite of, on the contrary;表对比: like, unlike, while;表举例: for example, such as, that's to say;表强调: in fact, of course, besides;表时间顺序: when, after, before,as soon as, soon,after;表因果关系: because, since, as, for, for this reason,as a result;表结论: in a word, to sum up,in summary, in conclusion, on the whole.第三招:短语地道如果能多用短语,则可回避书面表达中的中式英语,同时也能减少错误几率。
英语书面表达八个注意事项如何写好书面表达除了要求基本功要扎实、平时多背多练以外,还要注意以下八点:一、注意审清题目要求书面表达一般属控制性写作,都提供文章的文体、人物的身份、事情发生的时间、地点、文章的主旨,这些都为写作提供了依据。
所以动笔之前,一定要花上几分钟,仔细审题,力求做到全面、准确地把握题目所提供的内容、时间、人物、环境、地点、体裁等信息。
二、注意用合理的体裁、题材写作前,首先要弄清文章的体裁,才能考虑用何种语言、语气。
一般说来,书面表达题材与现实生活息息相关。
如交友信、询问信、介绍人物、事情、场所、保护环境、爱护动物等。
书面表达常碰到的体裁有记叙文、说明文、应用文、记叙文、说明文多用书面语,而应用文多用口头语。
各种体裁又都有自己的格式。
如:写信时,要求写信人的地址、时间写在信的右上角;英文便条无须写地址,但要写明时间;口头通知无须注明通知的时间和地点,但开头要加称呼语和提示语,结束要加"Thank you."。
书面通知要有明确的通知时间、通知人或单位。
三、注意正确使用人称根据评分标准,如果书面表达人称写错,全文要另外扣除7分,写作之前,确立人称是审题必不可少的步骤之一。
四、注意掌握中心要点要点是否写到、写全,是否遗漏内容是书面表达评分标准的一个重要标尺。
所以审清了文章的主题、人称以后,接着要考虑文章的内容要点了。
如果题目给出了汉语提示和要求,则可仔细从中找出要点;如果是图画、图表则要仔细观察,故事性的则按图画顺序去设计故事发展情节;介绍事、物的作文应注意图画中的箭头、事物、场景及前后对比变化,同时注意图画以外的提示。
然后将内容要点一一列出,再用合理的词语、句型连词成句。
五、注意正确合理地使用词语与句型句子结构的好坏直接影响意义的表达和文章的得分。
写作时尽量多用自己熟悉的句型。
尽量回避自己不熟悉的单词、句型,用自己有把握的短语、句型,少追求文章的华丽。
因为评判一篇文章的好坏,错误的多少是一个重要依据。
英语作文写作的八条原那么
anize your thoughts before writing: brainstorm、make an outline、etc.
下笔前整合思绪:脑力激荡,写出纲要等。
2.Write clearly. Be concise. Avoid wordiness.
写作清晰,务必精简,防止赘言。
e good grammar and write plete sentences.
使用好的文法,写出完整句子。
4.Write simple sentences. Avoid a fancy style.
尝试简单句,防止花俏的句法。
5.Avoid slang、cliche and informal words.
防止俚语、陈腔滥调和非正式用字。
6.Avoid use of the first person unless necessary to specific piece.
除非必要,防止使用第一人称:如我/我的。
7.Writing naturally. Read it aloud.
Does it sound natural? Does it flow?
自然挥洒,大声朗诵。
整篇文章听起然吗?通顺吗?
8.Move logically from one idea to the next. Dont skip steps.
上下句意要符合逻辑。
别毫无章法乱跳。
写作步步高之八高考书面表达八项原则1. 主题句原则一篇文章的开头(有时也可以在结尾)有一个主题句,也就有了中心,然后围绕主题展开相关内容,这样的文章让人一目了然思路清晰。
否则,若把主题隐藏在文章里,很可能使读者感觉云里雾里,不知所云。
如:To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam.(主题句) Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly. 开头一句赫然醒目,直接点题。
主题句最好放在文章的开头以“开门见山”,也可以放在最后以“卒章显志”。
2. 整洁分段原则这是高考阅卷老师给出的忠告。
常有高考阅卷老师抱怨,很多考生通篇只有一段,没有层次感,条理不清,看完后感觉很累。
这种情况下的评分,一般会降低一个档次。
段落是文章的组成单位,许多的写作技巧都可以体现在一个结构合理、安排有序的段落中。
一般来说,一篇文章的段落分为以下三个部分:开头部分(opening paragraphs)——直击文中的要点、核心问题。
正文部分(body paragraphs)——围绕主题开展叙述、讨论。
结尾部分(concluding paragraphs)——对全文进行总结和概括。
为使文章条理清晰,文章要分层分段,按照段落的写作方法生成段落层次,高考作文一般分成二到四段即可。
落实到书面上,要求书写整齐美观,卷面整洁,富于美感,以提高印象分。
3. 长短句结合原则我们提倡在一篇文章中,根据表达需要交替使用长短句、简单句与复合句,使句子错落有致,以提升文章的节奏感和可读性。
多样化的句式。
能显示考生较强的语言功底,有助于提升作文档次,因为长句往往能气势恢宏,严密周详,短句往往能劲健挺拔,简洁有力。
一个短小精悍的句子,通常可以起到画龙点睛的作用。
尤其当我们把短句放在段首或者段末时,它不仅可以承上启下,还可以揭示主题,如:As a creature, I eat;as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar. 如上所见,长短句结合,可以给人抑扬顿挫之感。
因此,许多专家建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,这样主体部分定会让人赏心悦目,文章结尾只需用一长一短。
4.短语优先原则短语优先原则通过即合并简单句、简化复合句、单词换成短语等方式使句子简洁明了。
例如:将cause改为lead to /contribute to /result in将My brother was riding the bike and I sat on the seat behind him.修改为:My brother was riding the bike with me sitting on the seat behind.在写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果能正确使用短语,有两个好处:一是用短语会给文章增光添彩,自然会增加得分点;二是学生在考场上有时会过于紧张造成思维短路,但还得凑够字数,那么用短语替代一个单词不失为好办法!比如:I cannot bear it.可以用短语表达为:I cannot put up with it. 又如:I want it .可以表达为:I am looking forward to it.这样字数明显增加,表达也非常准确。
5.并列句/复合句原则:即通过合并简单句,使用特殊句式如倒装、强调句等,以提升文章的档次水平的原则。
例如:When meeting with trouble , we should not lose heart but face them bravely.Only in this way can we overcome it.6.多实少虚原则。
在写作中,我们应该多用明确具体的表达,少用抽象含糊的词语,即用词要实在,要有针对性,不要太虚,太空洞。
比如说“好”,就不要什么情况下都用“good”或“nice”,而是要使用一些诸如generous,humorous,interesting,smart, gentle,warm-hearted,hospitable之类的形容词。
7.条理性强的原则一般来说,如果一篇文章以第一、第二、第三或首先、其次、再次等罗列要点会让人感觉层次分明、条理清晰、逻辑性强。
强烈推荐下列关联词:①to begin with, then, furthermore, finally②to start with, next, in addition, finally③first and foremost, besides, last but not least④most important of all, moreover, finally⑤for one thing, for another thing⑥on the one hand, on the other hand(用来说明不同的理由货哦原因)8.词句多变原则。
有的考生在写文章时一个词(如形容词,动词等)反复多次出现在文章中,还有的考生的文章从头到尾都使用简单句,从而使整篇文章平淡无味,这样的试卷老师一看就头痛,起评档次直接降低到低档。
在写作时,考生应善于使用同义词。
同其他语言一样,英语中也存在着大量的同义词,而且在许多情况下,同一个意思可以使用不同的单词甚至是一些短语来表达。
如表达“喜欢”可用如下的不同形式:1)I like E nglish. 2) I don’t care for baseball. 3) She is fond of playing the piano.4) Many football fans are crazy about Beckham. 5) He has been addicted to the drug.句子的多变性是指同一种意义的内容可以通过各种变化的句型来表达。
一篇文章要使人觉得内容丰富,语言生动,就应交叉使用否定句与肯定句,陈述句与倒装句,穿插运用强调句、简单句、并列句、复合句,以使句子结构错落有致,复杂多变。
下面是一个倒装句的例句:In no other place in the world can one find such enthusiasm for applying for hosting the 2008 Olympic Games.及时巩固1. 请根据书面表达八项原则升华如下的学生习作。
①One day after a physical examination, Mr. Smith got his diagnosis. The diagnosis said he suffered from cancer. ②He knew the news. He felt very sad.③He got home. His wife and daughter were waiting for him to have dinner. He didn’t want to eat anything. ④Some time later, he received a call from his doctor. They said they made a mistake. The diagnosis was wrong. ⑤When he heard that, Mr. Smith was very happy and jumped. His wife and daughter were very surprised.⑥Everyone should work Carefully and try to make no mistake;otherwise you will give people so much trouble and suffering. ⑦Still, when we meet with trouble, we should not lose heart but face them bravely. ⑧We can only overcome it in this way.①应用短语优先原则____________________________________________________②应用短语优先原则____________________________________________________③应用并列句复合句原则_____________________________________________________④应用复合句原则______________________________________________________⑤应用短语优先原则____________________________________________________⑥应用短语优先原则____________________________________________________⑦应用短语优先原则__________________________________________________。
⑧应用词句多变原则__________________________________________________。
2.请用高考书面表达八项原则来评析如下这篇2012年湖北短文写作中的满分作文。
(2012湖北) 请根据以下提示并结合事例用英语写一篇短文。
You cannot choose what you are given, but you can choose how you make use of it.注意:①无须写标题,不得照抄英语提示语;②除诗歌外,文体不限;③文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称;④词数为120左右。
满分作文欣赏A brilliant future is what everybody is looking forward to.Nevertheless,life j ust doesn’t always treat everyone equally.Some people may be fortunate enough not to be bothered by hardships frequently,and meanwhile most of us have to be faced with all kinds of troublesome situations.As we can’t choose what has been given,we can do our best to be strong and positive in order to make the best of our life.Here comes a typical example of my friend,Helen.Possessing beautiful appearance as well as modest attitude,she used t o be the kind of girl who was adored by everyone.Unluckily,an unexpected car accident happened to her when she was just ten years old.She was injured so severel y that the doctor had to cut off her right leg. Instead of surrendering herself to despair,she maintained an optimistic attitude towards life and always wore a lovely smile as before.Disabled as she was,she managed to become one of the best students in her class.Her story impressed me so much that I’ve 1earned something significa nt from it that sometimes it isn’t destiny that defeats you but your own choice.If you are strong enough,there is nothing that can prohibit you to have a better tomorrow.满分评析:(1)主题句原则:(2)分段原则:(3)长短句结合原则:(4)短语优先原则:(5)并列句复合句原则:(6)多实少虚原则:(7)条理性原则:(8)词句多变原则:答案:(1)One day after a physical examination, Mr. Smith got his diagnosis, saying he suffered from cancer.(2)Knowing that, he felt very sad.(3)When he got home, his wife and daughter were waiting for him to have dinner. But he didn’t want to eat anything, so he went to his bedroom.(4)After some time, he received a call from his doctor, which said they made a mistake that the diagnosis was wrong.(5)On hearing that, Mr. Smith jumped with joy, making both his wife and daughter very surprised.(6)Everyone should work carefully, trying to make no mistakes.(7)Still, when meeting with trouble(8)Only in this way can we overcome it.2.满分评析:①主题句原则:本文第一段最后一句为主题句,最后一段第一句再次对之前主旨进行呼应,从而使作者立场明确鲜明。