布敦地区土壤地球化学异常信息评价
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分类号:P62密级:公开U D C:单位代码:10424学位论文内蒙古东乌珠穆沁旗霍布仁布敦地区土壤地球化学异常信息评价孟令华申请学位级别:硕士学位专业名称:矿产普查与勘探指导教师姓名:杨锋杰职称:教授山东科技大学二零一一年五月论文题目:内蒙古东乌珠穆沁旗霍布仁布敦地区土壤地球化学异常信息评价作者姓名:孟令华入学时间:2008年9月专业名称:矿产普查与勘探研究方向:盆地分析与资源评价指导教师:杨锋杰职称:教授论文提交日期:2011年5月论文答辩日期:2011年6月授予学位日期:T HE E VALUATION OF SOIL GEOCHEMICAL ANOMALYAREA,, INFORMATION IN HUOBURENBUDUN AREABANNER,,INNER M ONGOLIA DONGUJIMQIN BANNERA Dissertation submitted in fulfillment of the requirements of the degree ofMASTER OF ENGINEERINGF romShandong University of Science and TechnologybyM eng LinghuaSupervisor:Professor Yang FengjieCollege of Geological Science&EngineeringMay2011声明本人呈交给山东科技大学的这篇硕士学位论文,除了所列参考文献和世所公认的文献外,全部是本人在导师指导下的研究成果。
该论文资料尚没有呈交于其它任何学术机关作鉴定。
硕士生签名:日期:AFFIRMATIONI declare that this dissertation,submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Master of Engineering in Shandong University of Science and Technology,is wholly my own work unless referenced of acknowledge.The document has not been submitted for qualification at any other academic institute.Signature:Date:摘要研究区位于内蒙古自治区东北部,属于大兴安岭中段,地质矿产勘查程度较低。
本区是内蒙古自治区少数几个未进行1:20万化探扫面的地区,化探资料匮乏。
本次1:5万土壤地球化学测量既可拟补本区化探资料的不足,又可为本区找矿工作提供依据。
本文首先分析了土壤元素丰度特征和土壤元素分异特征:土壤中浓集系数大于1.5的元素依次是Sb、As、Pb、Ag,说明这些元素具有一定次生富集倾向;变异系数大于1的元素依次是Pb、As、Ag、Mo、Zn、Hg、Au、Sb,说明土壤中这些元素分布不均匀,有富集的趋势,是成矿较有利的地球化学条件。
利用迭代法进行化探数据处理,确定背景值和异常下限,并通过Q-Q概率图验证了该方法的可行性。
利用MAPGIS软件绘制了12种元素的土壤地球化学异常图,对异常特征进行了分析:异常点个数较多的元素为Ag、Au、Zn、Pb、Mo等,大部分元素达到3级浓度带,其中强度较高的元素有Pb、Ag、Zn、As、Hg、Mo等;大多数元素的异常较分散,异常规模差异较大,异常浓集中心较为明显;异常分布具有一定的规律性。
对土壤地球化学元素的共生组合特征进行了分析。
其中相关分析表明,Ag、Pb、Zn、W 之间的相关性较好,Zn、W的相关系数达0.78。
结合R型聚类分析和因子分析可得出6种元素组合类型,分别是:F1,Ag-Pb-Zn-W组合;F2,Au-Cu组合;F3,Mo-Sb组合;F4,Bi-Hg组合;F5,Sn;F6,As。
其中Ag-Pb-Zn-W是本区最主要的成矿元素组合,易在火山岩地区的中酸性岩体中富集,有利于形成岩浆热液型Ag-Pb-Zn-W多金属矿床。
绘制了元素组合异常图,分析了元素组合异常特征。
通过组合异常分析和异常地质背景分析,Ag-Pb-Zn-W成矿组合圈出了5个一级异常区和7个二级异常区,其中A1、A2、A5异常区是重点找矿区。
关键词:土壤地球化学测量,数据处理,土壤地球化学异常,元素共生组合,内蒙古,东乌珠穆沁旗AbstractWith little mineral exploration,the study area in the northeast of Inner Mongolia is belonging to the midd le segment of the Da Hinggan Mountains.This area is one of the few places with having not been geochemical servey in the scale of1:200000,so it leads to the lack of geochemical data.This1:50000soil geochemical survey can not only supply the geochemical data,but also give the basis for prospecting.The soil element abundance characteristics and the soil element differentiation characteristics are first expounded in the article.The concentration factors of Sb,As,Pb ang Ag in soil are greater than1.5which shows that these elements lean to downward enrichment; The coefficients of variation of Pb,As,Ag,Mo,Zn,Hg,Au and Sb are greater than1which suggests that the distribution of these elements isn’t even and it is a favorable geochemical factor for mineralizing.Using iterative method to determine the background value and anomaly threshold,and it has checked the feasibility of the method by Q-Q probability graphs.We have drawn the soil geochemical anomaly maps of12elements,and have analysed anomalous features and summarized that the numbers of outlier of Ag,Au,Zn,Pb and Mo are more than others;most of them are in3-grade concentration belt,and the anomalous intension of Pb,Ag,Zn,As,Hg and Mo is higher than others;the anomaly of the most of the elements is more dispersive,the diversity of the anomalous scales is more than others,and the centers of the anomalous concentration are more obvious;the distribution of the anomaly is organized.We have analysed the association and combination characteristics of the soil geochemical elements.The correlation analysis indicate that the correlations among Ag,Pb,Zn and W are higher,and the correlation coefficients of Zn and W are bining R-cluster analysis and factorial analysis,we can obtain6combine types of elements:F1,Ag-Pb-Zn-W; F2,Au-Cu;F3,Mo-Sb;F4,Bi-Hg;F5,Sn;F6,As.Ag-Pb-Zn-W is the main combination for mineralizing in this area and it is easy to gather in neutral-acid ic volcanic rock and helpful for producing Ag-Pb-Zn-W magmatic hydrothermal type multi metallic mineral deposit.anomaly.According the combined-anomaly characteristics and the geological background characteristics of anomalous area,we can draw out five first anomaly areas and seven second anomaly areas in the metallogenic combination of Ag-Pb-Zn-W and the A1、A2、A5anomaly areas are strategic prospecting areas.Keywords:soil geochemical survey,data-processing,soil geochemical anomaly,the association and combination of elements,Inner Mongolia,DongUjimq in Banner目录1绪论 (1)1.1选题依据与研究意义 (1)1.2国内外研究现状、发展动态 (2)1.3研究区工作程度 (4)1.4研究内容与研究方法 (6)1.5完成的主要工作量 (7)2研究区自然地理与基础地质概况 (8)2.1自然地理概况 (8)2.2基础地质概况 (9)3土壤地球化学测量工作方法 (15)3.1样点布设原则 (15)3.2采样方法和采样介质的粒度及重量 (15)3.3采样部位和采样层位 (15)3.4采样注记和记录 (16)3.5重复采样 (16)3.6样品加工 (16)3.7工作质量检查 (17)3.8分析元素与分析方法 (17)4土壤地球化学特征 (18)4.1化探数据统计特征 (18)4.2单元素土壤地球化学异常特征 (22)4.3土壤地球化学元素的共生组合特征 (41)4.4多元素组合异常特征 (49)5异常的地质背景分析 (53)5.1异常的岩石背景分析 (53)5.2异常的构造背景分析 (56)5.3异常区综合评价 (58)结论 (60)致谢 (61)参考文献 (62)攻读硕士学位期间发表的论文和参加的科研项目 (66)Contents1Introduction (1)1.1The origin and significance of the research (1)1.2Study actuality and developments of Home and Abroad (2)1.3Work degree of the study area (4)1.4Study contents and methods (6)1.5Main workload (7)2Natural geography and basic geology of the study area (8)2.1Natural geography (8)2.2Basic geology (9)3The working method of soil geochemical survey (15)3.1Sample point setting principles (15)3.2Sampling method and sampling granularity and weight (15)3.3Sampling location and sampling horizon (15)3.4Sampling note and records (16)3.5Repeated sampling (16)3.6Sample preparation (16)3.7Check working quality (17)3.8Analysis element and analysis method (17)4The soil geochemical characteristics (18)4.1Data statistic characteristics of geochemical exploration (18)4.2Single element soil geochemical anomaly characteristics (22)4.3The association and combination of soil geochemical elements (41)4.4Combined-anomaly characteristics of elements (49)5Abnormal geological background analysis (53)5.1Abnormal rock background analysis (53)5.2Abnormal tectonic background analysis (56)5.3The comprehensive evaluation of abnormal area (58)Conclusion (60)Acknowledgements (61)Reference (62)Working achievements and Research pro jects (66)1绪论1.1选题依据与研究意义1.1.1选题依据矿产资源是人类社会生存和发展的重要物质基础,是国家安全与经济建设的重要保障,具有极大的重要性[1]。