超实用高考英语专题复习:阅读理解之词句猜测题讲解及练习讲义
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专题强化训练:词句猜测题——代词指代题(解析版)距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
强化训练一Building Community, One Cut at a TimeAll over the world, barbershops not only fuel their local economies, but also bring people together. So when the community fell on hard times, Chris Bossio knew just what to do. Chris opened a barbershop called Headlines, where people could come together for a cut and some conversations.Chris volunteered his free time to teach other barbers new techniques. Impressed by hisdown-to-earth, easy-to-understand lessons, one of his business partners convinced him to post them on YouTube.That's when things really took off. The videos earned him a large number of subscribers and as Chris kept creating more, he saw his subscribers turn into clients. The freshmen in the line flooded in to exchange professional opinions and sharpen the skills, while more from the community came for a moment of peace, hence building a deeper bond.Business is booming but Chris didn't stop here.When he started Headlines, his initial goal was just to open five barbershops within five years. But as time went by, he was determined to share his success, focusing most of his time on empowering barbers. He held workshops where he trained barbers on not only the business of barbering, but also how to establish their brands. Once, his workshop attracted over 300 attendees. Many of his students have gone on to become successful barbers themselves, including about 40 who have opened their own shops in the area. “These shops serve as places wh ere community culture really comes together and comes to life,” he said. It was a dream come true for Chris.He also saw opportunities popping up as his channel grew. He started making a shaving gel (凝胶). It was another huge hit. He immediately launched a production line, creating a certain number of jobs in the community. Though the economy was in decline, he could sell 10,000 products per month in 15 countries. It's also been a lifeline during the COVID-19 shutdown, when barbershops were forced to close. Without it, Chris' business, as well as his employees, couldn't have survived.(Adopted and revised from https://blog. youtube/)[链接外刊对点演练]【原创】What does the underlined word “That” in paragraph 3 refer to?A.Chris shared new techniques. B.The barbershop grew faster.C.Chris uploaded videos online. D.The customer was down-to-earth.[答案] C[精读外刊积累语料]3.channel 熟义:n.频道生义:n.渠道4.hit 熟义:v.打击生义:n.很受欢迎的人(或事物)句法解密[译文]业内的新人蜂拥而至,来交流专业意见,提高技能,而更多来自社区的新人前来寻求片刻安宁,从而建立了更深的联系。
►第17讲词义猜测题(讲义)【复习目标】明确命题规律和提问方式掌握不同题型的解题方法熟练代词的含义【考情分析】近三年新高考阅读理解词义猜测题细目表【网络构建】命题规律:词义猜测题是高考阅读理解试题中的必考题型, 可以是对一个单词意义的推断,也可以是对一个短语或句子的推断,既可以考查生词的意义,也可以考查熟词的新意,可以考查替代词的内容。
在阅读理解题中,所考查的词或短语大多超出考纲的范围,需要根据语境进行推测其含义。
平时的训练中应当注意生词和短语的积累,还要掌握构词法,和一定的解题技巧。
题型和考查角度:1.猜测生词或熟词生义。
2.猜测短语的意义。
3.猜测代替词所替代的内容。
4.猜测句意。
命题方式:The phrase“...”in the sentence could be replaced by“”.The word “...”in the paragraph refer to“”.What is the meaning of the underlined word in the.. paragraph?Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the phrase“...”?The word“...”most nearly means“”.The underlined sentence in the... paragraph implies that .解题技巧:文中画线处上下文。
2.理解上下文,查找提示点,根据背景、上下文等线索推测生词词义。
选项特征:1.根据定义推测词义有时作者会通过给词汇下定义来帮助读者理解该词的基本含义,如线索词that is, or, namely, in other words, that is to say, to be more exact, to put it another way, which is等。
第03讲词义猜测题目录01 考情透视·目标导航∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙102 知识导图·思维引航∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙203 考点突破·考法探究∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙2考点一题型破解∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙2知识点1 题型特点∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙3知识点2 选项规律∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙3知识点3 高分技巧∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙3考点二代词猜测题∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙4考点三单词或短语猜测题∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙6考点四句意猜词题∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙7 04真题练习·命题洞现1.真题实战∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙92.命题演练∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙10近三年阅读理解词义猜测题考点细目考点一题型破解知识点1 题型特点分析近三年新高考卷及全国卷考查词义猜词的题目可知,对短语的考查与对生词的考查都有所涉及,短语已经不再限制于由课标词组成的短语了,出现了非课标词。
阅读理解突破之词义猜测题距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
高考命题取向正确理解文中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步,也是理解文章的基础,不懂单词含义根本就谈不上理解文章。
但英语单词、短语的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思,其含义随不同语境会有所不同。
能根据上下文理解灵活变化的词义,才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。
在高考阅读理解中,词义猜测题通常有以下三种情况:推测划线单词或短语的含义;推测划线代词指代含义;推测划线句子的含义。
对于推测划线单词或短语的含义,可以依据定义、同位语、文章中的例子、对比关系或比较关系、构词法、并列结构、因果关系等来解题;对于推测代词含义,可以从宏观上充分把握代词指代内容涉及段落的整体含义,并从微观入手抓住关键词或关键句,弄清逻辑关系(因果关系,转折关系,补充说明,对比关系等)来解题;关于推测划线句含义,采用三步法—一定位,返回原文,定位划线句子,理清句子结构;二分析,分析划线句子前后语境,根据关键信息和逻辑关系(因果关系,转折关系,补充说明,对比关系等)合理推断句意;三比较,比较选项,找出与推断出的句义相似的选项。
专题15 阅读理解:词意猜测题备考高考英语二轮复习命题解读词义猜测题考查的是考生根据上下文推断猜测猜测词语或句子的能力,也是高考阅读理解中必考的题型。
它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。
同时,考生应掌握一些猜词技巧,通过定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义、构词、常识及上下文线索等确定词义。
词句猜测题每套试卷一般为1题,但有一定难度,也是学生容易失分的题型。
考点分类词义猜测解体技巧一词语猜测题常见设问方式❖The underlined word “ … ” refers to/ (probably) means .❖In paragraph..., “...” can be replaced by “...”.❖“…” as used in the passage can best be defined as…❖By saying that “...” in the first paragraph, the author means that_____❖What does the underlined word “…” refer to in the last paragraph?❖Which of the following words can take the place of the word “ … ”?❖The underlined word /sentence in the ... paragraph could best be replaced by…❖Which of the following has the closest meaning to the word “ … ”?解题技能1.根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语,下面接着出现其定义或解释。
这都是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。
有时候利用上下文提供的语境和线索进行合乎逻辑的综合分析,从而推断词义,这是近几年考试重点,这种题型更能检查学生英语综合能力。
阅读理解微技能之词义猜测题距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
【思维导图】【词义猜测题微技能】1.单词或短语意义猜测词汇量小是制约学生阅读理解能力的一个重要因素。
具体技巧如下:(1)根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测。
有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语,下面接着出现其定义或解释,这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。
(2)根据同位关系进行猜测。
阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语,对前面的词进行解释,这时可利用同位关系对前面或后面的词义或短语意义进行猜测。
(3)根据同义关系进行猜测。
当词或短语之间有并列连词and 或or时,其连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的或相反的,由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域,进而可推知其大致意思。
(4)根据构词法(合成、派生、转化等)进行猜测。
在英语中,有很多词可以在前面加前缀或在后面加后缀,从而构成另外一个词,乍看起来,这个词可能是新词,但掌握一定的构词知识,就不难猜出它的词义了。
专题15 阅读理解:词意猜测题备考高考英语二轮复习名校最新模拟试题词义猜测(共20小题)1. (云南省昆明市云南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期适应性月考)Although it can be found in natural vanilla bean extract, vanillin also can be made synthetically using chemicals coming from petrol. To create it from plastic, instead, researchers genetically modified a strain of E. coli bacteria so that it can make vanillin from a raw material used in the production of plastic bottles.33. Which of the following words has the closest meaning to the underlined word “synthetically” in paragraph 3?A. NaturallyB. ArtificiallyC. BiologicallyD. Industrially【答案】B【解析】词句猜测题。
由第三段“Although it can be found in natural vanilla bean extract, vanillin also can be made synthetically using chemicals coming from petrol. To create it from plastic, instead, researchers genetically modified a strain of E. coli bacteria so that it can make vanillin from a raw material used in the production of plastic bottles. (虽然香草香精可以在天然香子兰豆提取物中找到,但也可以使用来自汽油的化学物质synthetically香草香精。
高考英语词义猜测题解题技巧与练习做阅读理解,最怕遇到生词,不仅影响文章的理解,也会拖慢阅读速度,而在阅读理解当中,生词又是不可防止的,如何解决呢?Part1:知识点讲解类属法即通过类属来推测词义。
如:Bananas,oranges,pineapples,coconutsandsomeotherkindsoffruitgrowinwarmareas.说明:从句意我们知道pineapples和coconuts与bananas,oranges是同类事物,同属水果(准确地说是“菠萝〞和“椰子〞)。
推理法即根据文章的前后语境推出生词的词义。
如:Thatmuseumissoimmensethatitwillbeimpossibletoseealltheexhibitsinoneday.说明:既然一天之内看不完所有的展品,那么immense的意思应该是“很大〞了。
Everyoneagreedthatthewomaninthephotowasgorgeous.Itwaseasytoseewhyshehadwonthebeautycontest.说明:既然“她在选美比赛中获胜〞,说明她“很美丽〞(gorgeous)。
列举法即通过对文章所列举的事物来猜测生词的词义。
如:Childrenlikesuchcreaturesasdogsandmonkeys.说明:像dogs和monkeys之类的“creatures,〞显然creatures的意思应是“动物〞。
Inyoursparetime,youmaylookthroughanyoftheseperiodicals:TimeMagazine,NewsWeek,orTheNewWorker.说明:periodical是生词,但根据其后所列举的例子,我们可以推测出它的意思可能是“期刊〞或“杂志〞。
■构词法即根据前缀、后缀、复合、派生等构词知识判断生词的词义。
如:Overworkmaycausediseases.说明:前缀over-的意思是“过分的,过量的〞,故overwork的意思应为“工作过度〞。
易错点16 阅读理解词义猜测题目录01 易错陷阱(3大陷阱)02 举一反三【易错点提醒一】词义/词组指代易混易错点【易错点提醒二】代词指代猜测易混易错点【易错点提醒三】句意猜测易混易错点03 易错题通关养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
易错陷阱1:词义/词组指代易混易错点。
【分析】这类题错误主要因为基础词汇量积累和词根词缀积累不足,根据构词法猜词是阅读理解必不可少的能力。
平时应当大量积累单词,同时利用前后的同位关系或后面的词义或句意进行猜测。
易错陷阱2:代词指代猜测易混易错点。
【分析】阅读材料中的每个词与它前面的词语或句子甚至段落都有着密切的关联。
有时代词与指代的对象相隔较远,应当对前面提到的内容进行总结,认真查找,才能得出代词所指代的事。
易错陷阱3:句意猜测易混易错点。
【分析】此类题型应当定位画线句子,充分利用语法和逻辑关系分析原句。
同时分析理解画线句前后的语境,合理归纳总结找出与原句意思相同的选项并代入画线处验证。
切不可因为句中出现熟词,而脱离语境,望文生义。
【易错点提醒一】词义/词组指代易混易错点【例1】(湖南省常德市临澧一中2023-2024学年高三阶段试题)She programmed an IBM 7030 Stretch computer, providing faster calculations for an accurate Earthmodel. This detailed mathematical model of the shape of the Earth was a building block for what would become the GPS orbit.What does the underlined phrase “a building block” in paragraph 5 mean?A.A basic part.B.A detailed map.C.A building material.D.A major obstacle.【答案】A【解析】词句猜测题。
专题21 阅读理解(词义猜测题)1.(2023·广东深圳·高三统考期末)On the outside, 12-year-old Luna seems like your average kid. It's not until you get to know her that you learn that Luna is anything but average.Bom with a heart defect (缺陷)called dextrocardia, Luna has had three open-heart operations and continues to pursue her interests in art and fashion. But when Luna was approached by athletic shoe company Saucony to design a shoe for sale across the country, it came as quite a surprise.“This is so incredible. I got to use my art and creativity for something new that I'd never thought I'd be able to design,“ Luna said. She is one of six patients from Boston Children's Hospital ( BCH) who have partnered with Saucony to design their own shoe to launch the Shoes with Soul campaign.“Rather than just a donation, we wanted to create an experience and a moment that would not only raise money, but also awareness to highlight all the amazing work that's being done at BCH,“ says Chris, Saucony's vice president. “Specifically, we wanted to give some of the BCH kids an opportunity to share their story and their talents with the world. ”Luna's design is fashion. u On the tongue ,they digitalized one of my drawings, and then on bottom it's a really bright pink color, and on the inside ,the sole of the shoe is actually another drawing I did of a sunset,“ she said. "Thinking about kids everywhere around the world wearing my shoe is amazing. It blows my mind.”The income from the shoe sales will benefit the Boston Children's Hospital Cardiac Fitness Program, which encourages kids to “find your possible" through personalized exercise programs tailored for each individual patient's heart condition.“It feels really good to help people and it's really something I can relate to,“ says Luna. “The advice I would give a kid or someone like me is never give up. There are a lot of kids out there with your condition and you're not alone.”1.What can we learn from Chris' words?A.It's unwise to raise money.B.It's optional to seek donations.C.It's wonderful to study art.D.It's necessary to show kids' talents.2.What does Luna mean by “It blows my mind" in paragraph 5?A.I'm overjoyed.B.['m very serious.C.My mind goes blank.D.My mind is racing.3.Which of the following best describes Luna?A.Gifted and determined.B.Generous and serious.C.Grateful and helpful.D.Creative and sensitive.4.What is the text mainly intended to do?A.Tell us a story of a disabled girl.B.Set a good example to the disabled.C.Launch Saucony's new brand shoes.D.Introduce a campaign with kid patients.【答案】1.D 2.A 3.A 4.D【分析】这是一篇记叙文。
超实用高考英语专题复习:阅读理解之词句猜测题讲解及练习讲义距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附靠前30天复习方法。
一、代词上下文求索法人称代词指代判断题要求考生对 it ,they ,them ,he ,she 等人称代词的指代进行正确判断。
指示代词指代判断题主要考查考生对 this ,these ,that ,those 等指示代词指代意义的判断能力。
解题时应认真阅读、仔细推敲特定代词所在句和前后邻近句,分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程,弄清其来龙去脉,从而准确推断其所指代的对象。
例:The underlined word “it ” in Paragraph 6 refers to the father's______.(湖南卷,B 篇)A .weak heartB .taking a shore jobC.failure to return to sea D.injury caused by a torpedo :分析: A。
请看原文:He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war.For as long as I can remember,he had a weak heart.Mother said it was caused by the torpedoes.He said it was because of the cigarettes.Whichever,he died suddenly in his early 50s.认真阅读分析该词所在句及前两句不难发现。
“For as long as I call remember, he had a weak heart”为该词背景信息,由此可以推断it指代weak heart。
二、释义法在科技说明文中,作者通常会对一些关键词或专业术语进行解释——常见的有对该名词下定义,或后跟同位语、定语从句,或用冒号、破折号引出并加以解释说明。
通过阅读定义和解释,我们便可理解该词或短语的意思。
例1:What does the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to? (天津卷,C篇)A. A place where cars often break down.B. A case where passing a law is impossible.C. An area where no driving is permitted.D. A situation where drivers’ role is not clear.分析:D。
请看原文第二段:The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.文中的冒号正是解释说明的标志。
根据冒号后面的内容可知,death valley指的是半自动驾驶与无人驾驶汽车之间的区域(界限不明、难以界定),故可推断这里讲的是驾驶员的角色不明朗,D项描述与之吻合。
例2: What does the underlined word “tyrannies” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Countries where their people need help. (江苏卷,D篇)B. Powerful states with higher civilization.C. Splendid empires where people enjoy freedom.D. Governments ruled with absolute power.分析:D。
请看原文:Some 2,500 years ago Greece discovered freedom. Before that there was no freedom. There were great civilizations, splendid empires, but no freedom anywhere. Egypt and Babylon were both tyrannies, one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses.本题可用释义法进行解答。
原文在所猜测单词tyrannies的后面用同位语进行了解释:one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses(一个很有权势的人统治着无助的大众),因此选择D项。
三、构词法在英语中,我们可以通过添加词缀或合成的方式构成一个新词。
所以,考生只要熟记一定数量的词根、前缀与后缀,就能够对单词进行“解剖”,进而对一个生词“望文生义”,从而提高阅读理解能力。
例: What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? (全国卷II,B篇)A. Mistake.B. Drawback.C. Difficulty.D. Burden.分析:B。
请看原文:Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, “But I’m just not creative.”Downside是由down(向下)+ side(方面)构成的合成词,再结合下文——作者要冒着失去那些有不同思维风格的学生的风险,可以推测出该词的意思是“不足,缺点”,故选B项。
四、因果法若文章的前后句之间构成了因果关系,我们也可以根据这种因果逻辑推知单词或短语的意义——根据前面的原因可以推测后面的结果,根据后面的结果也可以反推前面的原因。
因果关系通常由because、so、thus、therefore、as a result of、since、so that、so/such...that...等标志词体现。
例:What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean? (全国卷III,C篇)A. A practical idea.B. A vain hope.C. A brilliant plan.D. A selfish desire.分析:B。
请看原文:There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you’ll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it’s a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.由标志词so可知,此处可根据因果关系解题。
由so前面的原因部分可知,Orleans Reinette 这个品种虽然口感好,但是对种植环境和土壤要求高,因此对于大多数喜欢它的人来说,大饱口福只是一种脱离实际的愿望,与B项一致。
五、同义法在画线的单词、短语前后,有时会出现与之同义或近义的词语或结构,它往往暗示了该单词或短语的含义,这时可从熟悉的词语中推知生词的含义。
常见表示同义关系的词和短语有and、or、like、as well、similarly、too、also、either等。
当画线的单词短语与其他单词短语有并列连词或者表示相同、相似关系的副词连接时,就表示这两项内容在含义上较为接近,由此可推知其大致意思。
例:What does the underlined word “nocturnal” in Paragraph 5 mean? (四川卷,D篇)A. Active at night. B. Inactive at night.C. Active during the day.D. Inactive during the day.分析:A。
请看原文:And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light. Blackbirds and seagulls are also being more nocturnal.前一句说“不仅知更鸟在人造光下会一直醒着”,下文的also表明后半句提到的内容与前面所表达的意思相近——通过前一句的awake,我们可以推断出nocturnal的意思应为“夜间活动的”,故选A项。
六、反义法运用转折对比描述事物或现象是文章写作的一种常用手法。
作者常借用一些信号词来提供相反的信息,从而表明一个词语与另一个词语互为反义、转折,或对比关系。