12 书信类应用文写作精讲
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高考英语作文书信应用文写作指导1. 引言在高考英语考试中,书信应用文是一种常见的写作题型。
掌握书信应用文的写作技巧对于提高写作得分至关重要。
本文将为大家讲解高考英语作文书信应用文写作的一些指导原则和实用技巧。
2. 书信应用文的基本结构书信应用文的基本结构包括信头、称呼、正文和署名四个部分。
下面将详细介绍各个部分的要点。
2.1 信头信头部分包括日期、地点和称呼的信息。
日期写在信头中间偏右侧,地点写在日期的下一行左对齐,称呼写在地点的下一行左对齐。
具体格式如下:日期:2022年5月10日地点:北京称呼:亲爱的志愿者:2.2 称呼称呼是书信中表示对读者身份和关系的称谓,常用的称呼有“亲爱的”,“尊敬的”等。
在称呼后面要加上冒号。
2.3 正文正文是书信的主体部分,内容要清晰、简洁、有条理。
使用者可以根据具体题目设定来展开写作。
以下是几个常见的书信应用文题目及其对应的写作方式:2.3.1 邀请信邀请信通常包含以下几个要点:•表达邀请的目的和原因;•提示时间、地点和活动安排;•表达期待对方的回复。
2.3.2 投诉信投诉信通常包含以下几个要点:•具体描述投诉的事情;•表达对现状的不满和要求;•提出解决问题的建议。
2.3.3 感谢信感谢信通常包含以下几个要点:•表达对对方的感谢之情;•具体描述对方帮助的事情;•表达对对方的祝福和回报。
2.4 署名署名部分通常包括写信人的姓名和签名。
3. 书信应用文写作技巧除了掌握书信应用文的基本结构外,以下是一些书信应用文写作的常用技巧:3.1 适当的语气与用词书信应用文的语气应该适当,既要保持礼貌可亲近,又要表达出问题的严重性或对方帮助的重要性。
用词方面,要选用恰当、准确的词汇来表达自己的意思。
3.2 注意语法和拼写错误书信应用文要求语法和拼写都要准确无误。
所以在写作过程中一定要仔细检查,避免出现错误。
3.3 合理分段和组织结构为了保持文章的结构和逻辑的连贯性,可以使用分段来组织文章的内容。
中小学常考12类应用文写作方法大全(附范文)小语说:应用文是日常生活、学习、工作中,解决实际问题的一种常用文体,如书信、通知、请假条、留言条等,这些其实与小朋友的日常生活和学习也有很大关系哦~下面是小语老师整理的小学生需要掌握的应用文写法和范文,快来学一学吧!书信书信的格式包括:•1.标题:给××的一封信(第一排中间写)•2.称呼:敬爱的××(第二排项格写)•3.问候语:您好!(第三排空两格写)•4.正文:是书信的内容(第四排空两写)•5.祝福语:祝你身体健康,工作顺利!(另取一行空两格写)•6.署名:写信人:×××(另取一行靠右下格写)•7.日期:×年×月×日(在落款下靠右下格写)信封的格式:第一行,收件人邮编;第二行,收件人地址;第三行,收件人姓名;第四行,寄件人地址;第五行,你的邮编。
范文一个小学生致妈妈的信亲爱的妈妈:您好!天气转冷了,妈妈您要多穿几件衣服,以防着凉。
我最近读了很多书,最令我感动的一本是《钢铁是怎样炼成的》。
里面讲了一个叫保尔?柯察金的男孩,他的生活是如此艰苦,但他还是坚强地活下去。
这书告诉我:要坚持不懈,就会有成就。
我还有一篇有感想的文章——《狮子和蚊子》,讲的是一只蚊子打败了狮子,但因为骄傲,所以惨死在一个蜘蛛网里。
这个故事告诉我:做人不能骄傲自满。
所以我要谦虚,请妈妈也要谦虚。
快考试了,我要加倍努力才行,但是也需要妈妈的指导,我才能考个好成绩。
祝您身体健康,天天快乐!您的女儿:xx****年**月**日写通知通知是指有事项告诉大家知道的一种文件。
写法如下:•1、标题:在第一行的正中写上“通知”字样,有时可把通知的性质标出来,如紧急通知、会议通知等。
•2、称呼:如果是发给个人的通知,要在标题下边,正文上边,用一行定格写上被通知人的姓名。
•3、正文:在第二行空两格写起。
要写清时间地点时间事件要求谁参加以及注意事项。
第十七讲专用书信◆专用书信的含义和种类专用书信是用于某种特定场合,针对某种特定事务或特殊需要具有专门用途的书信。
常见种类:介绍信、证明信、表扬信、批评信、慰问信、感谢信、推荐信、求职信、申请书、决心书、挑战书、应战书、倡议书、邀请书、检讨书、聘请书、保证书、号召书等。
◆常用专用书信介绍一、介绍信介绍信是介绍本单位的人员(持信人)到其他单位联系工作、了解情况、洽谈业务、处理事务、参加各种社会活动使用的一种专用书信。
介绍信具有介绍和证明的双重作用。
介绍信一般要介绍持信者的姓名、年龄、政治面貌、职务、接洽事项等;另一方面,它也有证明身份的作用,若彼此不熟悉,接待单位通常见到介绍信才考虑接待。
◆分类与写法(一)书信式介绍信(普通介绍信)这类介绍信是用一般公文信纸书写的或临时用普通信纸写的。
多数情况是联系一般性的事务,不留存根。
不如印刷介绍信正规,且容易被人伪造。
格式:1、标题(1)只标文种“介绍信”。
(2)发信单位名称+文种,如“合肥市卫生局介绍信”。
2、称谓(称呼)联系单位(主送单位)或个人的称呼,顶格写,后加冒号。
3、正文用“兹”、“现”、“今”领起下文,写明被介绍人的姓名、职务或职称、人数和接洽事项。
有时为了便于收信单位根据情况妥善接待,还要写明被介绍者的政治面貌、年龄、级别等。
结尾提出希望,如:“请予接洽/协助”、“请合作”等。
最后写上祝颂语,如“此致敬礼”。
有时注明有效期。
4、署名和日期(盖章)【书信式介绍信例文1】介绍信××制药厂:兹介绍我公司×××、×××二同志前往贵厂联系药品订购事宜,请予接洽。
此致敬礼!××医药公司(公章)×年×月×日【书信式介绍信例文2】介绍信××医院:现介绍我校学生会主席王×、团总支书记林××二位同学前往你处,联系开展“世界高血压日义诊活动”的具体事宜,请予接洽。
应用文(书信,演讲稿,发言稿,倡议书,主持词等)写作指导及范文引路一、书信格式作文写作指导(一)书信的格式书信的格式主要包括称呼、问候语、正文、结尾、署名和日期六部分。
1、称呼要从第一行顶格写起,后面加冒号,冒号后不要写字。
2、问候语,最常见的有“您好!”“近好!”根据时令节气的不同,问候语也有所变化,如“新年好!”“春节愉快!”问候语要写在称呼的下一行,前面空两格,一般自成一段。
也有的不写问候语,而是直接进入正文内容。
3、正文部分要明确写信的主旨,做到有条有理、层次分明,用语符合书信,要客气得体,有理有节。
与一般作文区别不大。
4、结尾语要写上表示敬意、祝愿或勉励的话。
正文写完之后,可空两格写“此致”,转一行顶格写“敬礼”;如不写“此致”,只写“敬礼”、“安好”、“健康”、“平安”等词,一定要另起一行空两格,不能直接缀写在正文的末尾。
5、署名要右下角,日期前一行。
6、日期在署名下一行。
【书信语言特点】书信体的语言也力求亲切,采用第一人称;要得体,表达要符合写信者的身份,要口语化表达。
(二)书信体模板示范ⅹⅹⅹ:□□您好!□□【正文内容…………正文的写作与一般作文只是在用语上有区别………… …… …… …… …… …… …… …… …… …】□□此致敬礼□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□xxx(落款)□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□x年x月x日(日期)(三)典例精析【2015年全国高考新课标1卷】阅渎下面的材料,根据要求写一篇不少于800字的文章。
因父亲总是在高速路上开车时接电话,家人屡劝不改,女大学生小陈迫于无奈,更出于生命安全的考虑,通过微博私信向警方举报了自己的父亲;警方查实后,依法对老陈进行了教育和处罚,并将这起举报发在官方微博上。
此事赢得众多网友点赞,也引发一些质疑,经媒体报道后,激起了更大范围、更多角度的讨论。
对于以上事情,你怎么看?请给小陈、老陈或其他相关方写一封信,表明你的态度,阐述你的看法。
书信类应用文写作精讲Dear Lena,It was great to see you last school holidays – you should visit us more often.I can’t wait to tell you the latest about my baby sister! Her first birthday was last week and she is starting to talk. Did you know that babies who hear a lot of language learn to speak far more quickly than those who don’t? So we all speak to her as much as we can! If you come to stay again next holidays, you will see how much she wants to interact with people. She can already say lots of single words, and soon she will start to put them into sentences. By the time she is about four years old she will be chatting away to everyone –amazing isn’t it!Anyway, I must go as it’s time to do my homework!Write soon – and say hello to your mum and dad from me!Love, Eva I enjoyed meeting youI would like to update you aboutI have to finish this letter nowPlease reply to my letter as soon as possibleGive my regards toBest wishesMore formal phrasesInformal phrases from the letterPlease reply to my letter as soon as possible.I have to finish this letter now.Give my regards to…I enjoyed meeting you.Best wishesI would like to update you about…Dear Xuqin_________________– I really enjoyed the trip to the museum on the Saturday, such a pity you couldn't stay longer than the weekend. ______________________ You know he wanted to come out with us and I said no, we were going to have a girl’s night – well, my friend told me she saw him with someone else on Saturday night! I was furious, but then it turned out that the girl was his sister, so I felt better after that.____________________ –if I don’t finish this by Friday I will fail my course for sure. _____________ and _________________________. Y ou know I have always enjoyed talking to him – you are lucky not to be an only child!________Mei LingDear Mr Smith____________________________________. Thank you for agreeing to come to the meeting at such short notice.____________________________________ the meeting with my manager. He has informed me that we will be going ahead with the new product as planned.________________________________ to let me know when the first products will be available.______________________________ your colleague Mary Smith.______________________Harry Wales.假设你是李华,你的美国朋友Eva给你写了一封信,讲述了她的妹妹近况,以下是来信内容,请根据来信内容给Eva回信,并谈谈你的近况要求:感谢Eva的来信,对Eva的妹妹发表评论,并告知你将与假期去美国看望她谈谈你邻居家的儿子(四岁;善于交流;喜欢与身边人互动;马上要开始学习读书写字)字数不少于100参考词汇:互动interact withThanks for your letter. It was great to read about your baby sister. I’m pleas antly surprised to learn she is already one year old now! Doesn’t time fly? I would love to/am eager to/can’t wait to/ visit you in the holidays---I’ll phone you to arrange it/fix (up)/set a time/date/place.I can’t wait to tell you about my neighbor’s son, a 4-year old child and is extremely good(highly gifted/talented) at communicating with people( a natural-born fluent communicator); He is really fascinated with interacting with people and is keen on asking questions.Now that he is getting older, the next step for him will be learning to read and write.Anyway, I must stop here as it is time to go to my piano lesion. Write soon and say hello to your little niece from me.Love HuaThanks for your letter. It was great to read about your baby sister. (话题人物或事务) I’m pleasantly surprised to learn(细节) she is already one year old now! Doesn’t time fly? I am eager to visit you in the holidays this year and I ’ll phone you to fix it up.I can’t wait to tell you about my neighbor’s son, a 4-year old and has already shown enormous potential for communicating with people; Besides, he is absolutely fascinated in interacting with people and is especially keen on asking amusing questions of different kinds. Now that he is getting older, I guess the next step for him will be learning to read and write.Anyway, I must stop here as it is time to go to my piano lessons. Write soon and don’t forget to say hello to your little sister from me.Love, Hua(09·湖北)假设你是华华,与英国网友汤姆约定用对方的母语通信,以提高各自的外语水平。
应用文类型:书信、通知、日记、海报、便条、启事、欢迎词、欢送词、告别词、广告书信类型:事务书信和私人信件(求职信、投诉信、慰问信、建议信、说明信、感谢信…)高考重点考查的几类书信:建议信、求职信/申请信、抱怨信/投诉信几种书信常用的表达式①建议信You have asked me for my advice with regard to… and I will try to make some suggestions.I would like to suggest that…It is important to…It helps to …It should be a good idea to…I think it would be a good idea/ more beneficial if you could…Why not…?/ Why don’t you…?I hope you will find these suggestions helpful. 最关键的部分就是用不同的句型提出建议,并辅以适当的联系词来连接这些建议。
此外,不要忘了在建议的后面附上自己建议的理由用以充实自己的文章。
例文1假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Peter来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文。
请你根据要点写封回信。
要点:1. 参加中文学习班2. 看中文书刊、电视3. 学唱中文歌曲4. 交中国朋友注意:1. 词数100左右2. 可适当增加细节3.开头语已为你写好June 8, 2008Dear Peter,I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.___________________________________Best wishes,Li Hua【写作指导】信件类型:建议信内容:写信人就某事或某问题提出建议主体时态:一般现在时正文部分:必须给对方问题明确答复;建议的内容要层次清楚,目的明确,具有合理性和说服力;语言要正确、清晰、礼貌、体贴,易于对方接受。
(全)初中语文应用文体写作讲解:拟写书信(含请柬、倡议书、感谢信)初中语文应用文体写作讲解:拟写书信(含请柬、倡议书、感谢信)书信挄功能来分,可分为一般书信呾与用书信两类。
一般书信用亍个人乊间,以传递信息、联络感情为目的。
与用书信包括请柬、推荐信、求职信、甲请书、倡议书、慰问信、邀请凼等。
即练即悟 7.(2016-浙江卷)在穸格处分别补写出倡议的理由呾具体内容。
(两处字数各丌超过 40 个字) 倡议书觋析倡议内容是乘车文明问题,第一处应填文明乘车的意义,第二处应填如何做到文明乘车。
要注意字数的要求。
答案(示例) 文明乘车让出行更安全,更高敁,体现了一个人的基本素养,也有益亍社会呾谐。
自觉排队,有序上车;尊老爱幼,主劢让座;丼止文明,谈吏有礼。
怃维引寻书信体必备构件1.称呼。
要从第一行顶格写起,以表示尊重。
后面加冒号,表示引起下文。
2.正文。
正文是信的主体,第一句穸两格写。
3.祝颂语。
祝颂语文字虽少,但仍应分两行写。
“祝”“此致”等可以紧跟正文写,也可独占一行,穸两格写。
敬祝的内容要另起一行,顶格写,以表示敬重。
4.署名呾日期。
署名一般写在正文的右下方,名字下写上日期。
文体美读(1)应用文写作乊请柬【概念阐释】在生活中,我仧会经常邀请朊友、合作伙伴等参加各种活劢。
如果是非正式场合,打个申话通知就可以了。
如果是正式场合,我仧要表达对客人的尊重呾我仧的郑重其事,那么就要用到请柬。
请柬是用亍邀请客人参加庆典、宴会、纪念会、展览会等较正式的活劢旪常用的通知性礼仦书信,又称为请帖、简帖。
使用请柬,既可以表示对被邀请者的尊重,又可以表示邀请者对此事的郑重态度。
出亍礼貌,即使客人近在咫尺戒已经知道,也应収出请柬。
请柬是収送给客人的,収送的旪间、方式、场合都要讣真考虑,丌要収送过早,収送过早客人容易忘记;也丌要収送太迟,太迟了会造成客人措手丌及。
【写作要求】请柬设计不撰写的基本要求是:现在一般是双面请柬,封面写上“请柬”二字,一般要做些美术加工。
假设你是李华,你的美国朋友Eva给你写了一封信,讲述了她的妹妹近况,以下是来信内容,请根据来信内容给Eva回信,并谈谈你的近况
要求:
感谢Eva的来信,对Eva的妹妹发表评论,并告知你将与假期去美国看望她
谈谈你邻居家的儿子(四岁;善于交流;喜欢与身边人互动;马上要开始学习读书写字)
字数不少于100
参考词汇:互动interact with
Thanks for your letter. It was great to read about your baby sister. I’m pleasantly surprised to learn she is already one year old now! Doesn’t time fly? I would love to/am eager to/can’t wait to/ visit you in the holidays---I’ll phone you to arrange it/fix (up)/set a time/date/place.
I can’t wait to tell you about my neighbor’s son, a 4-year old child and is extremely good(highly gifted/talented) at communicating with people( a natural-born fluent communicator); He is really fascinated with interacting with people and is keen on asking questions.
Now that he is getting older, the next step for him will be learning to read and write.
Anyway, I must stop here as it is time to go to my piano lesion. Write soon and say hello to your little niece from me.
Love Hua
Thanks for your letter. It was great to read about your baby sister. (话题人物或事务) I’m pleasantly surprised to learn(细节) she is already one year old now! Doesn’t time fly? I am eager to visit you in the holidays this year and I ’ll phone you to fix it up.
I can’t wait to tell you about my neighbor’s son, a 4-year old and has already shown enormous potential for communicating with people; Besides, he is absolutely fascinated in interacting with people and is especially keen on asking amusing questions of different kinds. Now that he is getting older, I guess the next step for him will be learning to read and write.
Anyway, I must stop here as it is time to go to my piano lessons. Write soon and don’t forget to say hello to your little sister from me.
Love, Hua
(09·湖北)
假设你是华华,与英国网友汤姆约定用对方的母语通信,以提高各自的外语水平。
最近你收到汤姆的电子邮件(附后),发现有一个成语使用不当。
请根据下列要点,用英文回一封电子邮件。
要点:不应使用“无所不为”,应使用“无所事事”;
说明这两个成语的用法;
给与鼓励。
注意:
1.词数为100左右;
2.参考释义:无所不为—do all kinds of bad things
无所事事—have nothing to do;
2
3.除以上两个成语外,邮件中不得使用其他汉字或拼音;
附(汤姆的邮件):
华华,你好!
近几天在忙什么事?有什么有意思的事吗?我们的学校放假了,所以这几天在家无所不为,饱食终日,只好上网发E-mail 。
没意思。
我决定找份工作,做个自食其力的人。
祝好!
Hi! Tom,
Nice to read your e-mail today. I notice you’ve begun to use Chinese idioms and used most of them correctly.
However, I’m afraid there is one mistake I’d like to point out. It is “无所不为”. This idiom means “do all kinds of bad things”. Are you doing all kinds of bad things at home? I guess what you were really trying to say is that you’ve got nothing to do these days. In that case, you should use“无所事事”. We usually use“无所事事” to express the
idea that people dare to do anything bad, and “无所事事” to describe the situation in which people have got nothing meaningful to do. Have I made myself clear?
Anyway, I’m amazed at the progress you’ve made.
Hope you’ll find a job soon.
(2009山东卷)
写作(满分30分)
假设你是李华,曾在美国学习半年,现已回国。
你想联系你的美国老师Mr. Smith,但没有其联系方式。
请根据以下要点给你的美国
同学Tom 写一封信:
感谢Tom对你英语学习的帮助;
询问Mr, smith 的近况并索要其联系方式;
邀请Tom在春节期间来中国感受中国文化。
注意:
1.词数120-150;
2.可适当增加细节
【参考范文】
Dear Tom,
I am now back China and sound. In this letter I would like to convey my heartfelt appreciation to you for your kind assistance in my English learning when I was in New York. Additionally, your generous help and tender care made me feel warmly welcomed and transformed
my first American trip into a unforgettable memory.
I have been missing our English professor, Mr. Smith whose unusual cast of mind, wide and varied knowledge, together with a singular personal charm, combined to exert a strong influence on me. What about him recently? I desire to contact him for some suggestions on improving my listening ability. However, his email address is not available. So would you mind delivering it to me via the online mailbox?
I am more than delighted to invite you to join us to celebrate the Spring Festival -Chinese Lunar New Year so that I can repay your friendship. You can partner with me to have a try in lion dances, which is extremely exciting. And the grand lantern festival parade will be bound to impress you. I assure you that you would enjoy visiting here as I did at your home.
With my best regards!
Yours cordially,
Li Hua
3。