高一英语非谓语动词精讲
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高一英语非谓语动词精讲高一英语非谓语动词精讲动名词1.主语 Swimming is dangerous for us.(泛指)区别:To swim in this river is dangerous for us.(具体指)It is no use / not any use /not any good /a waster of time /useless doing。
2.表语 Her job is teaching.3.定语 a working table ;a hiding place4.宾语只能接-ing形式的动词:advise,avoid,allow,consider,delay,dislike,enjoy,escape,finish,forbid,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,permit,risk,suggest 区别:(1)forget /remember;go on;mean;regret;stop;try ;can’t help + doing /to do (2)need /want /require +doing / to be done(3)注意与to搭配的词组:devote to /look forward to /stick to /be used to /get down to /pay attention to(4)have a good /hard /wonderful time (in)doing/have trouble/difficulty in doing sth.(5)There is no good /use /need doing不区别:start, begin ,continue ,intend等后)+doing /to do但以下三种情况只用跟to do (1)Ice began to melt.(2)It is beginning to rain.(3)I began to understand (realize/believe/know) him.5.动名词的复合结构: 动名词可以有逻辑主语,通常是形容词物主代词(my,his,there)或名词所有格(Mary’s,Li Ming’s)。
高考英语非谓语动词知识讲解一、概念非谓语动词,又叫非限定动词,非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词),即动词的非谓语形式。
非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的其他成分。
从这个定义来看,简单来说,非谓语动词就是不是谓语的动词。
这听起来像是废话,但是我们必须有明确什么是谓语动词,在前面,我们已经说清楚了。
句子只能有一个谓语动词,那么其余的动词都是非谓语动词。
谓语动词就好比皇帝,非谓语动词,就相当于他身边的奴才。
这么一说,我们就很好理解了。
一般来说,非谓语动词通常有以下三种形式:二、三种形式(一)动名词(doing)动名词指的是动词ing形式的一种,兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词(即非谓语动词)。
它可以支配宾语,也能被副词修饰,动名词有时态和语态的变化。
动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以充当主语、表语、宾语、定语,但是不能充当状语。
从上面的定义中,我们可以很清楚知道动名词,顾名思义就是兼有动词和名词两种词性的作用。
在小学和中学的课程中,我们学习动名词做主语这个语法现象比较普遍。
大部分人也是从这个时候开始知道有动名词这个概念。
那么动名词究竟是动词,还是名词?前面已经说过,它是非谓语动词的一种形式,只不过他有动词和名词两种词性的作用。
故它是动词。
那么他竟然是动词自然有动词的性质,而且它可以充当名词有名词的作用,那么名词的作用,它也都有,它可以在句子中充当主语、表语、宾语和定语。
也就是名词能干的事,它也能干。
(二)不定式(to do)动词不定式,为非谓语动词。
在英语语法中,动词不定式是指动词中的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态的一种形式。
它之所以被称做不定式,是因为动词不被限定,或者说不被词性变化所局限。
不定式属于非谓语动词形式。
根据国外和国内语法学家的研究,所谓不定式,其作用就是相当于情态动词加动词原形的形式。
为什么要这样说呢?因为他们都有相同的特征,以下:第一,原形can/may/could/would do sth.= to do sth.第二,都可表示不确定语气。
高一英语语法知识—非谓语动词人教版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容:语法知识——非谓语动词二. 教学目标初步掌握非谓语的根本结构与用法三. 教学重难点掌握非谓语所能够充当的句子成分〔一〕非谓语的分类以与各自在句子中所能充当的成分。
非谓语分为不定式,动名词,现在分词和过去分词。
〔动名词和现在分词形式一样〕以下表格表示的是它们各自所能充当的成分:,to have been done〕〔1〕不定式在句子中做主语。
如:To be spoken highly of is his aim.To go there in time is his most important task now.It is his most important task to go there in time.It is a great joy to play football.When to start is the question.〔2〕不定式在句子中做宾语。
〔以“to do〞做宾语的动词主要有:ask,want,wish,hope,expect,help,refuse,learn,demand,dare,choose,arrange,decide,agree,promise,plan,offer,manage,pretend,prepare,fail,determine,long,seem等〕如:They pretended to have finished their work.He had planned to finish it in time.They thought it necessary to go to church every weekend.We find it good to have a walk every day.They don’t now where to go.〔3〕不定式在句子中做表语。
如:His dream is to be taught by that famous professor.The only thing he wants to do now is to study hard.His aim is to get the first place in the game.The question is which one to choose.〔4〕不定式在句子中做状语。
非谓语动词讲解高中非谓语动词是指在句子中作动词的用法,而不是表示谓语动作或状态的主要成分。
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。
在高中英语中,非谓语动词经常用于句子的修饰、独立主语和补语等的结构。
下面将对非谓语动词进行详细的讲解和提供相关的参考内容。
一、动词不定式(infinitive)动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,常用于句子中作主语、表语、宾语、状语和补足语等。
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+ 动词原形”,它具有名词、形容词和副词的特点。
1. 作主语- It's difficult to learn a new language.(学习一门新语言是困难的。
)2. 作宾语- I want to go to the movies.(我想去看电影。
)3. 作表语- Her dream is to become a doctor.(她的梦想是成为一名医生。
)4. 作状语- She studies hard to improve her grades.(她努力学习以提高自己的成绩。
)5. 作补语- He made me laugh.(他让我笑了。
)二、动名词(gerund)动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式,常用于句子中作主语、宾语、表语和状语等。
动名词的基本形式是动词+ing形式,它具有名词的特点,可以在句子中起到名词的作用。
1. 作主语- Swimming is good exercise.(游泳是很好的运动。
)2. 作宾语- I enjoy reading novels.(我喜欢读小说。
)3. 作表语- His favorite activity is playing basketball.(他最喜欢的活动是打篮球。
)4. 作状语- She learned English by watching American movies.(她通过看美国电影学习英语。
)三、分词(participle)分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,常用于句子中作定语、状语和表语等。
高中英语语法非谓语动词详解高中英语语法非谓语动词详解在高级英语语法中,非谓语动词是非常重要的一部分,也是理解和掌握英语语法的关键。
非谓语动词在句子中扮演着重要的角色,可以表达不同的意思和功能。
本文将详细解释非谓语动词的定义、类型和用法,并通过实例进行分析和解释。
一、定义和类型非谓语动词指的是在句子中不作为主要动词的动词形式,它们可以表达动词本身的含义,但没有主语和谓语动词。
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种类型。
1、动词不定式:动词不定式是以“to+”动词原形构成的,表示动词的不同形式,如“to do”、“to being”、“to have done”等。
2、动名词:动名词是在动词后加上“-ing”构成的,表示动词的现在分词形式,如“playing”、“swimming”、“jumping”等。
3、分词:分词是动词的过去分词形式,分为现在分词和过去分词两种。
现在分词表示动词的动作正在进行,如“running”、“singing”、“dancing”等;过去分词表示动词的动作已经完成,如“finished”、“eaten”、“read”等。
二、非谓语动词的用法非谓语动词在句子中可以扮演不同的成分,如主语、宾语、状语等。
下面我们通过具体的例子来分析非谓语动词的用法:1、动词不定式:在句子中,动词不定式可以作为主语、宾语和状语等。
例如,“To learn English is important”(学习英语很重要)中,动词不定式“to learn English”作为主语;或者在“I want to go home”(我想回家)中,动词不定式“to go home”作为宾语。
2、动名词:在句子中,动名词可以作为主语、宾语和状语等。
例如,“Playing sports is fun”(做运动很有趣)中,动名词“Playing sports”作为主语;或者在“I enjoy listening to music”(我喜欢听音乐)中,动名词“listening to music”作为宾语。
非谓语动词知识点结构高一非谓语动词知识点结构高一学生学习英语时,非谓语动词是一个重要的语法知识点。
非谓语动词由动词原形、动词-ing形式和动词过去分词形式组成。
在句子中,非谓语动词可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等,丰富了句子的表达方式和意义。
一、动词原形作非谓语动词动词原形作非谓语动词时,常见的结构有以下几种:1. 作主语:根据句子的具体语义需求,动词原形可以作为句子的主语。
例如:"To learn a foreign language is beneficial."学习一门外语是有益的。
2. 作宾语:部分动词后面可以接动词原形作宾语,这些动词包括hope, want, like, love, need等。
例如:"I want to read books."我想读书。
例如:"I have a book to read."我有一本书要读。
4. 作结果状语:动词原形可以作为状语,表示动作的结果。
例如:"I came here to see you."我来这里是为了见你。
二、动词-ing形式作非谓语动词动词-ing形式作非谓语动词时,常见的结构有以下几种:1. 作主语:动词-ing形式可以作为句子的主语,表示动作的进行。
例如:"Swimming is my favorite sport."游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
2. 作宾语:部分动词后面可以接动词-ing形式作宾语。
例如:"I enjoy reading books."我喜欢读书。
词。
例如:"I saw a running dog."我看到了一只在跑的狗。
4. 作结果状语:动词-ing形式可以作为状语,表示动作的结果。
例如:"She came home crying."她哭着回家了。
三、动词过去分词形式作非谓语动词动词过去分词形式作非谓语动词时,常见的结构有以下几种:1. 作宾语:部分动词后面可以接动词过去分词形式作宾语。
高一英语非谓语动词精讲动名词1.主语 Swimming is dangerous for us.(泛指)区别:To swim in this river is dangerous for us.(具体指)It is no use / not any use /not any good /a waster of time /useless doing。
2.表语 Her job is teaching.3.定语 a working table ;a hiding place4.宾语只能接-ing形式的动词:advise,avoid,allow,consider,delay,dislike,enjoy,escape,finish,forbid,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,permit,risk,suggest区别:(1)forget /remember;go on;mean;regret;stop; try ;can’t help + doing /to do (2)need /want /require +doing / to be done(3)注意与to搭配的词组:devote to /look forward to /stick to /be used to /get down to /pay attention to(4)have a good /hard /wonderful time (in)doing/have trouble/difficulty in doing sth.(5)There is no good /use /need doing不区别:start, begin ,continue ,intend等后)+doing /to do但以下三种情况只用跟to do (1)Ice began to melt.(2)It is beginning to rain.(3)I began to understand (realize/believe/know) him.5.动名词的复合结构: 动名词可以有逻辑主语,通常是形容词物主代词(my,his,there)或名词所有格(Mary’s,Li Ming’s)。
注意点:A)动名词的逻辑主语是无生命的事物,则用普通格。
The noise of desks being opened and closed could be heard out in the street.(a)desks’ being closed and opened (b)desks ’ opening and closing(c)desks opening and closing(d)desks being opened and closed.B)如果是指示代词或不定代词,则用普通格(1) He was awakened by_____ on the window.(a) someone knocking (b) someone’s knocking(c) some to knock (d) someone else to knock(2)Do you think of that being true?(3)Do you believe their team winning the match?C)如果动名词复合结构作主语,则用所有格(1) ---What’s wrong with the old man?---_____from school for nothing has made him mad.(a)His son is absent (b)His son being absent(c)His son’s bein g absent (d)His son’s being absence(2)His coming made me very happy.(3) She didn’t mind his crying.6. 动名词的被动,完成式I’m sorry for having broken my promise.I won’t go there without being invited.不定式一.主语To be here is a great pleasure。
It i s a…….For/of(wise/clever/bright/honest/dishonest/foolish/careful/careless It is possible for you to finish it in time?It is wise of him to say so.二.表语 .平衡性:To see is to believe名词:plan ,hope, wish, duty ,aim, suggestion ,idea, intention 及what引导的从句后接不定式My (hope)plan is to make better use of these materials.What I would suggest is to start work at once.省略to : All I did was empty the bottle.What I really wanted to do was drive all night.三.宾语:1. 接to do 2.接疑问词to do (show, know,teach…)形式宾语:find it difficult ( a pleasure) to do……四.宾补:1.s ee ,hear, watch, notice, have…2.have . make .let ……….s b.do3.很多词后接to do作宾补ask, want, allow……s b.to do4. find, consider, think, believe, know ,imagine, feel, judge…… 后接to be5.介词短语wait for/long for/wish for/depend on /wish for. sb. to do转被动加to. The car was seen to stop.(have不用被动) let后单音节不定式不带 to. They were let go.五.定语have….to do the way to doThere be……to do the first to doI need a chair to sit on. / Here is a book for you to read.I’ll go to Beijing . Do you have anything __________(take) there.?I’ll go to Beijing. I have a lot of things ________(take) there.六.状语1.目的: to do /in order to do /so as to doShe bought a bike to go to school more quickly.I stopped for him to speak to me.句首:To do / In order to do2.结果:She woke early to find it was raining. / She went back home to find there was athief in her house.She went abroad never to return.He went back only to find everything stolen. (意料不到的结果)s o ….as to Would you please be so kind as to help me?s uch…as to He is such a fool as to believe them.enough totoo…to表肯定 He is (only) too glad/happy/anxious eager/ ready/willing /thankful to…固定搭配:have no choice but to do 别无其它选择只得…can’t choose but docan’t help but docan do nothing but do不定式符号to的保留问题:---Would you go there? --- I’d like to, but I’m too busy.如在不定式结构中有be ,have ,have been,保留这些词。
---I didn’t tell him the news. ---Oh, you ought to have.---Are you a doctor? ---No, but I used to be.现在分词现在分词由动词原形加词尾ing构成。
现在分词有一般式和完成式,及物动词的现在分词有主动态和被一、现在分词的句法作用现在分词在句中可以作定语、表语、补语、状语等句子成分。
(一)作定语作定语用的现在分词如果是单词,一般放在被修饰词的前面;如果是现在分词短语,则放在被修饰词的后面,作后置定语。
如:a. China is a developing country. 中国是一个发展中国家。
b. The ________ child disturbed him. 哭闹的孩子使他心烦意乱。
c. The girl ________ there is my sister. 站在那边的那个女孩是我妹妹。
d. All the people _______ in the restaurant were tourists.所有正在这个餐馆吃饭的人都是旅游者。
作定语时,它表示的动作是正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生,如果两个动作有先后发生,一般不能用现在分词作定语,而要用定语从句。
如:The teacher criticized the student who had broken the window.值得一说的是,现在分词的被动式一般不能作前置定语,只能作后置定语,使用时应注意。
如:a. We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here.(二)作表语现在分词作表语多表示主语所具有的特征。
如:a. The story sounds very moving. 那故事听起来很感人。