2018中考真题分类汇编精讲12 非谓语动词

2018年中考英语真题非谓语动词汇编1.Harry invited me to stay with him when his parents were out of town。

(2018天津)2.It was raining。

My father asked me to take a raincoat。

(2018重庆A卷)3.Some people enjoy sending out their messages in bottles when they travel on the sea。

(2018南京)4.I’m considering going abroad for further study。

but I haven’t decided yet。

(2018哈尔滨)5.I got up early this morning to pick up my grandma at the airport。

(2018成都)6.Every morning。

Tim often sees some groups of middle-aged women dancing in the square。

(2018兰州)7.Bob's father can't stand watching soap operas。

He enjoys sports games on TV。

(2018兰州)8.The government will take n to address the problem of heavy extracurricular burdens in schools。

(2018全国Ⅰ)In recent years。

the issue of heavy schoolwork has e a hot topic in China。

especially for primary and middle school students。

江苏省2018年中考英语语法专题练习12非谓语动词含参考答案《非谓语动词》1.掌握动词不是式的甩法;2.掌握动名词的用法。

( )1. 一Jack, why have you decided Chinese folk music as a course?一To learn more about Chinese culture.A. takeB. takenC. takingD. to take( )2. 一Was it necessary John some photos before helping the oldman?一I think so. In this way, he could protect himself later.A. of; takingB. for; takingC. of; to takeD. for; to take( )3. Diana used to to work, but now she is used to because the road is crowded and she wants to keep fit.A. drive; walkingB. drive; walkC. driving; walkD. driving; walking( )4. The girl students are discussing the walls in the classroom.A. what to paint colorB. to paint what colorC. which color to paintD. to paint which color( )5. Mom does all the housework so that Sarah can take the time her words on paper.A. putB. puttingC. to putD. puts( )6. 一Why doesn't the surgeon stop lunch?一Because he is too busy a dying patient in the operation room.A. to have; to saveB. having; to saveC. to have; savingD. having; saving( )7. Xu Yuanchong, a 96-year-old man, devotes most of his lifetime to works of literature.A. translateB. translatesC. translatingD. translated( )8. I saw Tom his key in the lock, turn it and open the door.A. putB. puttingC. putsD. to put( )9. A nurse Carolyn will look after the baby when his mother away.A. naming; isB.naming; will beC. named; isD. named; will be( )10. We'll do what we can the sick man.A. to helpB. helpC. helpsD. helped( )11. 一Do you prefer basketball with me?一No, I'd rather at home and watch TV.A. play; stayB. to play; to stayC. play; to stayD. to play; stay( )12. 一I didn't hear you come in just now.一That's good. I tried the baby up.A. to wakeB. not to wakeC. waking( )13. 一Mario, your mobile phone is ringing.一Wait a minute. It's dangerous for us it while crossing the street.A. answeringB. to answerC. answerD. answered( )14. We only planned the play for an hour, but in the end, we stayed for three hours.A. watchB. watchesC. to watchD. watched( )15. is the best way to keep a good relationship with your parents, teachers and other people around you.A. Active communicatingB. Actively communicatingC. Actively communicationD. Active communicate( )16. Though he often made his little sister ，today he was made byher.A. cry; to cryB. cried; cryingC. to cry; cry( )17. As a volunteer, the girl wants to visit sick kids in the hospital them up.A. to cheerB. cheerC. cheeringD. cheered( )18. Doctors in the town are using the books their studies and treat patients.A. continueB. to continueC. continuingD. continues( )19. 一Would you mind the electric fan, Alice?一Of rnurse not. It is so hot here.A. turn offB. turn onC. turning offD. turning on( )20. Our teacher often tells us time.A. not wasteB. don't wasteC. not to wasteD. doesn't waste( )21. 一Why did his father buy that phone watch for him?一Because the GPS in the watch can help him to avoid the way.A. to loseB. loseC. losesD. losing( )22. Jane is my new pen pal. I often look forward to her e-mail.A. receiveB. receivesC. receivingD.received( )23. 一Jack hasn't taken his piano lessons for a long time.一He is considering his piano course and spending more time on his study.A. to dropB. to throwC. droppingD. throwing( )24. 一Jack, remember off the lights when the home.一OK, I won't forget, Mom.A. turning; leavingB. to turn; leaveC. turning; leftD. to turn; leaving( )25. To keep children away from danger, we warn parents children at home alone.A leave B. to leaveC. not leaveD. not to leave( )26. 一You'd better advise him anything out of the window while driving.一I will. He has to know it's dangerous.A. not throwingB. no throwingC. not to throwD. don't throw( )27. The child is crying. Please do something to make him .A. stop to cryB. stop cryingC. to stop crying( ) 28. Dick in America, but he has been Chinese food since he moved to China.A. used to live; used to eatingB. is used to live; used to eatC. is used to live; used to eatingD. used to living; used to eat( )29. The Monkey King can make 72 changes to his shape and size, himself into different animals and objects.A. turnedB. to turnC. turningD. turn ( )30. 一Why did you buy so many flowers?一 my wife. I did something wrong yesterday. She is still angry with me.A. PleaseB. To pleaseC. PleasingD. Be pleased( )31. It's time for me goodbye to my mother school. I will never forget all my love.A. to say; teachers'B. saying; teachers'C. to say; teacher's( )32. 一I saw Jim into that new building just now,一Oh, it's our new library. It to the public for a week.A. walk; has openedB. walk; has been openC. walking; has opened( )33. 一How does your brother go to school?一He ride a bike, but now he there to keep fit.A. used to; is used to walkB. used to; is used to walkingC. was used to; is used to walkingD. was used to; is used to walk( )34. 一Bob, I'm not good at English. What should I do?一Why not an English club to practice English?A. to join; speakingB. join; to speakC. to join; to speakD. join; speaking答案1-10 DDACCCCACA 11-20 DBBCBAABDC 21-30 DCCDDCBACB31-34 ABBD。

(2018·江苏淮安）15. He explained again and again in order to make what he did ________.A. understandB. understoodC. to understandD. understanding15.B考查非谓语动词。

句意：他反复解释，为的是让人理解他的所作所为。

动词make后跟过去分词作宾语补足语，意为“使……被……”，宾语部分what he did和过去分词存在被动关系。

故选B。

35. (2018. 贵州铜仁) —Listen! Who is singing in the next room?——It must be Sally. I often hear her ________ there.A. singingB. singsC. to singD. sing35.D 考查非谓语动词。

句意：——听，水正在隔壁唱歌？——一定是萨利。

我经常听见她在哪里唱歌。

hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事，强调经常做或是做某事的过程；hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事，强调动作正在发生，故选D。

39.（2018·广西柳州）Look. Sam is doing some _____ in the library.A. to readB.readingC.read39.B【解析】考查动词词组。

句意：看，,Sam 正在图书馆读书。

考查短语do some reading。

故选B。

27. （2018·新疆阜康米泉）—Do you still remember _______ this group of friends in 2013?—Yes. But I forget where I _______them.A. seeing；meetB. to see；metC. seeing；metD. seeing；meeting27. C考查非谓语动词和宾语从句。

非谓语动词2018高考真题精析精练2018-7-16Designed and Proofread by Geoffrey Wu非谓语动词，顾名思义，就是不能直接在句中作谓语，必须和be动词、助动词等连用，方能构成谓语。

如：I am doing my homework now. 非谓语动词独立使用时，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等成分。

如：To make this cake (目的状语), you'll need 2 eggs, 175g sugar and 175g flour.非谓语动词在高考单项填空、语法填空和短文改错等题型中，得到了充分的重视，既是重点，又是难点。

下面就结合近几年高考真题，进行剖析。

一、非谓语动词2018高考真题考点一览表（表1, 2）表2 非谓语动词2018高考真题考查的句法功能综上所述，非谓语的考查主要集中在一般式，句法功能主要考查状语、宾语、表语、补语和主语等。

因此，掌握非谓语动词的意义，各种形式和解题方法显得非常重要。

二、非谓语动词意义（关键词）1. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just to have a look at the sports stars.2. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest to follow in a year.3. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, running away.4. Attracted by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.5. Surprised and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.6. falling leaves 正在飘落的叶子V S fallen leaves 落叶（着地了）boiling water 正在沸腾的水VS boiled water 开水（已沸腾过）三、非谓语动词的逻辑主语（解题关键）：(1) 一般说来，句子的主语就是非谓语动词的逻辑主语。

专项训练十二动词时态时间：0.5～1分钟/小题分值：1分/小题■含时间标志词( )1. (2018北京)—Where did you go last weekend?—I ________ to the Great Wall.A. goB. wentC. will goD. have gone( )2. (2018北京)Please don't make so much noise. The baby________ now.A. sleepsB. sleptC. will sleepD. is sleeping( )3. (2018北京)It's nice to see you again. We ________ each other since 2014.A. won't seeB. don't seeC. haven't seenD. didn't see( )4. (2018上海)Last week Vivian________ a dress for her mother with her first­month salary.A. buyB. boughtC. will buyD. would buy( )5. (2018天津)My mother ________ dinner when I got home yesterday.A. has cookedB. was cookingC. will cookD. cooks( )6. (2018天津)—What a nice watch! How long ________ you ________ it?—For just two weeks.A. will; buyB. have; hadC. were; havingD. did; buy( )7. (2018重庆A卷)I________ the History Museum twice. I've learned a lot there.A. visitB. am visitingC. have visitedD. will visit( )8. (2018重庆B卷)I ________ Chinese dishes for my foreign friends tomorrow evening.A. will cookB. have cookedC. cookD. cooked( )9. (2018广东)With the development of science and technology, robot cooks ________ in our families in the future.A. appearB. appearedC. will appearD. were appearing( )10. (2018福州)—The boy misses his parents very much.—So he does. They ________ the hometown for nearly two years.A. have leftB. will leaveC. have been away from( )11. (2018福州)—Pass the raincoat to me, please. It ________ hard now.—Here you are.A. is rainingB. rainedC. will rain( )12. (2018青海)—It's a great pity that the famous football player has gone to another club.—Don't worry! They ________ another top star recently.A. buyB. boughtC. have bought( )13. (2018哈尔滨)—Could you tell me where you found Miss Gao just now?—Certainly. In the principal's office. They ________ happily at that time.A. are talkingB. have talkedC. were talking( )14. (2018青岛)William Shakespeare ________ for 400 years, but his works still have great influence today.A. diedB. was dyingC. has diedD. has been dead( )15. (2018威海)—Is that a new coat?—No, I________ it for a long time.A. boughtB. have boughtC. have had( )16. (2018临沂)—Did you call Jenny?—Oh no, I forgot. I ________ her right away.A. calledB. have calledC. callD. will call( )17. (2018湘潭)Marcus is our foreign teacher. He ________ in our school for two years.A. wasB. will beC. has been( )18. (2018资阳)—Look, the light is still on in Helen's office.—Maybe she ________ her work yet.A．doesn't finish B．won't finishC．hasn't finished D．didn't finish( )19. (2018天水)By the time I got to the cinema, the movie ________ for ten minutes.A. has been onB. had been onC. had stoppedD. had begun( )20. (2018漳州)—How did the accident happen?—The girl ________ Wechat(微信) while walking across the street.A. readsB. is readingC. was reading( )21. (2018安顺)—I called you at 5：00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered.—Sorry, I ________ football with my friends at that time.A. playB. playedC. will playD. was playing( )22. (2018齐齐哈尔)He ________ the city since he graduated from college.A. has leftB. leftC. has been away from( )23. (2018泉州)—Have you watched the new movie Kung Fu Panda 3, Kelly?—Not yet. I________ it with my classmate tonight.A. will watchB. was watchingC. have watched( )24. (2018黄石)Many scientists believe that robots ________ able to talk like humans in 50 years.A. wereB. areC. will beD. have been( )25. (2018随州)—Have you returned the book to the library yet?—Not yet. Don't worry. I ________ it soon.A. returnB. returnedC. have returnedD. will return( )26. (2018十堰)—I heard your father had gone to Beijing on business.—Yes. And he ________ in three weeks.A. will returnB. has returnedC. returnedD. returns( )27. (2018桂林)Mrs Black ________ some flowers in the garden yesterday.A. picksB. pickedC. is picked( )28. (2018泰安)—Have you ever climbed Mount Tai, Carol?—Yes, I ________ in Taian for a week last year and reached the top of it twice.A. had stayedB. stayC. stayedD. have stayed( )29. (2018温州)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother________ me to Disneyland at weekends.A. takesB. tookC. will takeD. has taken( )30. (2018泰州)—Mom, I want to watch The Legend of Miyue(芈月传) on Channel 8 tonight.—Oh, dear, it ________ for a few minutes. Come on!A. has begunB. will beginC. has been onD. will be on( )31. (2018玉林)—How long ________ you ________ Little Women?—I am due to return it in two weeks.A. have; borrowedB. will; lendC. will; keepD. have; got( )32. (2018 镇江)—Have you been to Suning Plaza(苏宁购物中心) in our city?—No. Although it ________ for more than a week, I'm far too busy to go there.A. has startedB. has been onC. has been openD. has opened( )33. (2018眉山)My father ________ my mother fifteen years ago, so far they ________ for fifteen years.A. married; marriedB. has married; has been marriedC. married; have been marriedD. have married; married■无时间标志词(即：通过语境判断)( )34. (2018上海)This medicine________ millions of people's lives since it was put into use.A. is savingB. will saveC. has savedD. had saved( )35. (2018重庆A卷)Don't worry. Bill will help you look after your dog when you________ away on business.A. areB. wereC. will beD. have been( )36. (2018陕西)My mother ________ a good example for me since I was young.A. wasB. has beenC. will beD. is( )37. (2018河北)Oh no!I________ my book in the lab.A. leaveB. leftC. will leaveD. was leaving( )38. (2018河北)Grandpa________ glasses when he reads.A. wearsB. woreC. has wornD. was wearing( )39. (2018河北)Just go down this road and you ________ the library next to the bank.A. seeB. sawC. have seenD. will see( )40. (2018河北)Our team ________ another point!I am sure we'll win the game.A. will getB. has gotC. is gettingD. was getting( )41. (2018河南)—There is someone knocking at the door.—It must be the computer repairman. I ________ him to come to fix my computer.A. callB. have calledC. calledD. will call( )42. (2018河南)Everyone wants to reach the top of the mountain, but all the happiness happens while you ________ it.A. climbB. climbedC. are climbingD. have climbed( )43. (2018宁夏)—Look!Someone ________ the classroom.—Well, it wasn't me. I didn't do it.A. is cleaningB. was cleaningC. has cleanedD. will clean( )44. (2018广东)School violence(暴力) ________ much attention of the whole society and people are calling on the government to make laws against it as early as possible.A. drewB. will drawC. has drawnD. was drawing( )45. (2018江西)The water ________ dark and dirty. It's no longer safe to drink.A. becameB. has becomeC. will becomeD. was becoming( )46. (2018 江西)—May I speak to Mrs. Black?—Sorry, mum can't come to the phone now. She ________ a shower.A. hasB. hadC. is havingD. was having( )47. (2018南京)—Hi, Nora. Is your mother at home?—Just a minute!She ________ flowers in the garden.A. plantB. is plantingC. plantedD. was planting( )48. (2018长沙)—Your coat fits you well.—Thank you. I ________ it when I was on vacation.A. have boughtB. buyC. bought( )49. (2018武汉)—Who is that lady?—She's Miss Green. She ________ us music, and she is so good.A. taughtB. teachesC. will teachD. is teaching( )50. (2018武汉)—Sorry, Tom. I can't find the book you ________ me.—It's OK. I don't need it any more.A. lendB. have lentC. will lendD. lent( )51. (2018厦门)—It's the second time I came to Xiamen. It ________ a lot.—Yes, it's more and more beautiful.A. was changingB. has changedC. will change( )52. (2018成都)—Lily, where is your father now?Go and get him for lunch.—Just a moment, please. Father ________ a phone call in his room.A. makesB. is makingC. was making( )53. (2018兰州)My sister with my parents________ dumplings when I got home yesterday evening.A. are makingB. is makingC. was makingD. were making( )54. (2018西宁)—Would you like to see the movie Zootopia with us?—I'd love to!But I ________ it.A. sawB. seeC. will seeD. have seen( )55. (2018呼和浩特)—I have to be off right now.—What a pity!I ________ you could stay a little longer with us.A. thoughtB. am thinkingC. thinkD. was thinking( )56. (2018扬州)—Did you see a man in black pass by just now?—No, sir. I ________ my car.A. washB. washedC. am washingD. was washing( )57. (2018苏州)—Oh, dear!A power cut!—Sorry, I didn't know you ________ the washing machine.A. are usingB. usedC. useD. were using( )58. (2018苏州)—Hobo and Eddie ________ the cinema to watch the film Zootopia.—Oh, that's why I can't find them now.A. have gone toB. have been toC. has gone toD. has been to( )59. (2018黄冈)—Where are you going, Bob?—To go hiking. Eric________ for me at the school gate!A. was waitingB. waitsC. waitedD. is waiting( )60. (2018无锡)My mind wasn't on what he was saying so I'm afraid I ________ half of it.A. missedB. was missingC. will missD. would miss( )61. (2018绵阳)—Anita, where is your brother?—He ________ out in the garden with a group of kids.A. playsB. playedC. is playingD. has played( )62. (2018宁夏)—You can't smoke here.—Sorry, I ________ the sign.A. don't seeB. didn't seeC. haven't seenD. won't see( )63. (2018咸宁)—Today's young people can't live without smart phones.—They keep their hands on the phones wherever they go, even while they ________ meals.A. haveB. are havingC. were havingD. will have( )64. (2018内江)I can't find my wallet anywhere. I'm sure I ________ it.A. lostB. will loseC. loseD. have lost( )65. (2018烟台)—Lucy has ________ to London. How can I get in touch with her?—Don't worry. She will phone you as soon as she ________ there.A．been, will get B．been, getsC．gone, will get D．gone, gets( )66. (2018新疆建设兵团)Nobody knows if he ________. If he ________ here, I'll call you at once.A. will come; will arriveB. will come; arrivesC. comes; will arriveD. comes; arrives专项训练十二动词时态1.B【解析】考查一般过去时。

专项训练十一　非谓语动词时间：0.5～1分钟/小题 分值：1分/小题( )1. (2018上海)After she finished ________ the story, Alice wrote areviewfor her school newspaper.A. readB. readsC. to readD. reading( )2. (2018上海)I can't tell you what she said. I've promised________ it a secret.A. keepB. to keepC. keepingD. kept( )3. (2018天津)I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered ________ me to watch an opera.A. tookB. takesC. to takeD. taking( )4. (2018重庆A卷)You should ask Bob________ his own clothes. He is ten years old now.A. washB. washesC. washingD. to wash( )5. (2018重庆B卷)Taiji is my favourite and I often play it ________ healthy.A. to keepB. keepsC. keepingD. kept( )6. (2018河南)The boss asked Tim to go and ________ out if there was anyone else absent.A. findB. findingC. to findD. found( )7. (2018广东)Leonardo DiCaprio, a famous American actor, was always expecting ________ an Oscar and finally he made it.A. to winB. winningC. not to winD. not winning( )8. (2018南京)—Have you read the book Jane Eyre?—Yes. It's a famous book and really worth ________．A. to readB. readingC. to be readD. read( )9. (2018兰州)The fridge doesn't work. Why not consider ________ a new one?A. buyB. boughtC. to buyD. buying( )10. (2018兰州)—Are you going swimming this afternoon?—I'd rather ________ with you.A. to go shoppingB. go shopingC. to go shopingD. go shopping( )11. (2018长沙)—Jane's spoken English is pretty good.—Yeah, she works hard and practices ________ it both in and out of class.A. spokeB. to speakC. speaking( )12. (2018呼和浩特)—I tried to make Alice ________ her mind but I found it difficult.—Well, I saw you ________ that when I went past.A. changed; doB. changes; doingC. change; to doD. change; doing( )13. (2018苏州)Our teacher often advises us ________ the habit of making notes while reading.A. to developB. developC. to developingD. developing( )14. (2018南充)My parents don't allow me ________ late.A. stay upB. to stay upC. stays upD. staying up( )15. (2018青岛)We have worked so long. Shall we stop ________ a rest?A. haveB. to havingC. havingD. to have( )16. (2018临沂)These people dress themselves in bloody shark suits. They tell people ________ shark fins in order to protect sharks.A. eatB. to eatC. not eatD. not to eat( )17. (2018十堰)Two disabled men from Hebei Province (one is blind and the other has no arms) have spent over ten years ________ trees together.A. plantB. plantsC. plantingD. planted( )18. (2018邵阳)She said she hoped________ her daughter.A. to seeB. you to seeC. seeing( )19. (2018黄石)Mount Xiaolei is not far away from here, but it will still take us a few hours ________ there by bike.A. gettingB. to getC. gotD. get( )20. (2018郴州)—Why are you so excited?—Nancy invited me ________ on a trip to Dongjiang Lake just now.A. to goB. goC. going( )21. (2018宜宾)It's getting dark. You'd better________ out by yourself. It's dangerous.A. not goB. not to goC. to go( )22. (2018阜新)A lot of students enjoy ________ with each other to solve the problems in class.A. discussB. discussingC. to discussD. discussed( )23. (2018眉山)He realized that Americans can hardly avoid ________ products made in China.A. to buyB. buyC. buyingD. bought( )24. (2018天水)There was so much noise outside that the teacher couldn't make herself ________．A. hearB. heardC. to hearD. hearing( )25. (2018内江)Bad luck! The film star had her leg ________ while playing a part in a film.A. to breakB. breakingC. breakD. broken( )26. (2018乐山)Tom, please remember ________ the lights when you leave.A. turn offB. turning offC. to turn off( )27. (2018荆门)—Would you like to go swimming in the river, John?—Swim? Sorry, our teachers always tell us ________ in the river alone.A. don't swimB. to not swimC. not swimmingD. not to swim( )28. (2018徐州)David said that the glass was broken and warned me________ it.A. don't touchB. to not touchC. not to touchD. no touching( )29. (2018镇江)Our country encourages more students ________ football.Now many football clubs have been set up in schools.A. playB. playingC. to playD. will play( )30. (2018攀枝花)Tom has decided ________ a part­time job after hegraduates from school.A．do B. to do C. did D．doing( )31. (2018株洲)The Chinese team are working hard ________ honors in the 2018 Olympic Games.A. to winB. winC. winning( )32. (2018咸宁)—What does the sign mean?—It tells us ________ in pubilc.A. didn't smokeB. don't smokeC. not to smokeD. not smoke( )33. (2018天水)The man drew a series of pictures about WeChat ________ how to use this software.A. to showB. showedC. showsD. to showing( )34. (2018荆门)—My uncle is against wasting anything.—No wonder he would rather ________ the old bike than ________ a new one.A. repair; to buyB. to repair; buyC. repair; buyD. to repair; to buy( )35. (2018齐齐哈尔)After dinner, he used to ________ computer games, but now he gets used to ________．A. play, walkB. playing, walkingC. play, walking( )36. (2018齐齐哈尔)We feel like ________ some food and drink because we'll invite some friends________ in a party.A. buying, to joinB. to buy, joiningC. buying, join( )37. (2018巴中)Tina is busy ________ at school, but she never forgets ________ her mother every day.A. work; to callB. working; to callC. working; calling( )38. (2018来宾)It is necessary for us students ________ the listening ability.A. to improveB. improvingC. improveD. improves( )39. (2018绥化)It's our duty ________ our hometown clean and beautiful. We must do something for it.A. keepingB. keeps C．to keep专项训练十一非谓语动词1. D【解析】考查动名词。

2018年中考英语真题非谓语动词汇编1.Harry invited me_______ with him when his parents were out of town.(2018 天津)A. stayB. stavedC. stayingD. to stay2.It was raining. My father asked me a raincoat.(2018 重庆A卷)A.takeB. takesC. tookD. to take3.Some people enjoy ____ out their messages in bottles when they travel on the sea.(2018 南京)A. to sendB. sendC. sendingD. sent4.—I’m considering ______broad for further study, but I haven’t decided yet.(2018 哈尔滨)—You’d better ask your English teacher for some advice.A. goingB. to goC. go5.I got up early this morning my grandma at the airport.(2018 成都)A. to pick upB. picking upC. picked up6.Every morning. Tim often sees some groups of middle-aged women_______in thesquare.(2018 兰州)A. danceB. to danceC. dancesD. danced7.Bob's father can't stand____________ soap operas. He enjoys sports games on TV.(2018 兰州)A. watchB. to watchC. watchingD. watched8.The government will take action to _______ the problem of heavy extracurricular burdens(课外负担) on primary and middle school students.(2018 昆明)A. decidingB. decideC. solvingD. solve9.Our parents won't allow us _____ in the river alone.(2018 云南)A.swimB. to swimC. swimmingD. swam10.My two cousins decide _______a business together.(2018 甘肃)A. to startB. startingC. startD. started11.The policeman warned the man after drinking.(2018 海南)A. not to driveB. to driveC. driving12.—Let’s _____________ to the movies!(2018 新疆)—I’m sorry. I must _____________ my homework first.A. going; doB. go; doingC. go; doD. going; doing13.As we all know, a person learns many things by making mistakes and_____ them.(2018 包头)A. correctsB. correctC. to correctD. correcting14.I didn’t see you ______ in. You must have been very quiet.(2018 山东临沂)A. comesB. to comeC. comeD. have come15.—Julia,your mobile phone is ringing. (2018.四川乐山)—Wait a minute.It’s dangerous______it while crossing the street.A.answeringB.answerC.to answer16.—I’d love to go hiking with you,but I have much homework______.—If you don’t go,_____.(2018 四川达州)A.to do:so do IB.to do;nor will IC.doing;so will ID.do;neither am I17.—Jack,remember______off the lights when_______your bedroom.(2018 四川达州)—OK,I won’t forget,Mom.A.turning;leavingB.to turn;leaveC.turning;leftD.to turn;leaving18.—Mom,can I play computer games this evening?(2018 四川凉山)—_________your homework first,and then we'll talk about it.A.FinishingB.FinishC.To finishD.Finished19.—Can you go to the movies with me tonight?(2018.新疆乌鲁木齐)—I have to ask my mum.If I__________,I will go with you.A.allowB.allowedC.am allowedD.was allowed20.John told his little daughter the earth_____from the west to the east.(2018 乌鲁木齐)A.movedB.movingC.movesD.move21.Mr.Zhou is good at cooking and he has decided____his own restaurant. (2018 上海)A.openB. openedC. to openD.opening22.Sue practices_____the violin hard and often gives wonderful performances. (2018 上海)A. playB. playedC. to playD. playing23.During the Spring Festival,the young______ a kowtow (磕头) to the elders, but nowthey only give them best wishes. (2018 山东菏泽)ed to giveB.were used to give C were used to giving24.At least300million people are using QQ_________by Ma Huateng to chat on line.(2018山东潍坊)A.createB.createsC.creatingD.created25.—Where's your brother now,Bob?(2018四川成都)—I saw him_______in the street a moment ago and I told him_________.A.playing;don't do soB.playing;not to soC.play;to do so26.The woman made his son_____finally after she told him some jokes. (2018 吉林通化)ughedB.to laughughughing27.Father often tells me--too much time on computer games. (2018河南)A.don't spendB.not spendC.not to spendD.not spending28.—How would your family like to travel?(2018 湖北黄冈)—It's a problem in my family. My mother prefers to take a bus to travel, while father always sticks______to travel.A.to driveB.to drivingC.drivingD.drive29.The teachers often tell their pubils_______aeross the road when the traffic light is red.(2018 山东聊城)A.not goB.not to goC.don't goD.didn't go30.Don't forget_________an umbrella_______you.It's going to rain.(2018 陕西)A.to take;toB.taking;toC.to take;withD.taking;with31.English is very important,so I practice________it very hard.(2018 广西梧州)A.speaksB.to speakC.speakingD.speak32.Most of the young people enjoy______Jay Chou's songs.(2018 山东莱芜)A.singB.sangC.singingD.to sing33.As teenagers,we're old enough__________with housework.We can help set the table,wash the dishes and clean our own rooms.(2018 哈尔滨)A.to helpB.helpingC.helped34.—Hi,Steve!Our teachers told us________an electric bike.It's too dangerous.—I'm sorry.Iwon't do it again.(2018 福建福州)A.to rideB.not rideC.not to ride35.After several campus (校园) attacks, many schools across the country have already takenaction _______ their campuses ______. (2018 湖北荆门)A.making,safeB.made,safeC.to make,saferD.make,safe36.—What would you like for breakfast?(2018 湖北黄石)—I like hamburgers.But now I'd like________some cakes.A.eatingB.to eatC.to drinkD.drinking。

（2018·四川成都）32.I got up early this morning my grandma at theairport.A. to pick upB. picking upC. picked up答案 A 解析考查非谓语动词。

句意：我今天早上早起的原因是去机场接我奶奶。

根据句意可知此题考查非谓语动词to do放在形容词后作状语表原因。

（2018·内蒙古呼和浩特）7. — The price of vegetables so quicklythese days.— Oh, no, but I don’ t think so.A. affordB. risesC. improvesD. raise（2018.四川乐山）27. –Julia, your mobile phone is ringing.–Wait a minute. It’s dangerous ______ it while crossing the street.A. answeringB. answerC. to answer（2018.四川达州）29. ------I’d love to go hiking with you, but I havemuch homework________.-----If you don’t go, _____.A. to do: so do IB. to do; nor will IC. doing ; so will ID.do; neither am I（2018.四川达州）33.—Jack, remember ______ off the lights when_______your bedroom.----OK, I won’t forget, Mom.A. turning; leavingB. to turn; leaveC. turning; leftD. to turn; leaving（2018.四川凉山）39.---Mom, can I play computer games this evening?--- your homework first, and then we'll talk about it.A. FinishingB. FinishC. To finishD. Finished （2018.重庆卷A）27． ______me a chance and I'll bring you a surprise．A．Give B．Giving C．Gives D．To give（2018.四川内江）（2018.重庆卷B）（2018.四川遂宁）（2018.四川宜宾）（2018.四川宜宾）（2018.云南）33. Our parents won't allow us _____ in the river alone.A. swimB. to swimC. swimmingD. swam（2018.云南昆明）（2018.新疆乌鲁木齐）28. --Can you go to the movies with me tonight?--I have to ask my mum. If I __________ , I will go with you.A. allowB. allowedC. am allowedD. was allowed（2018.新疆乌鲁木齐）35. John told his little daughter the earth ________ from the west to the east.A. movedB. movingC. movesD. move（2018.天津）（2018.台湾省）（2018.上海）39. Mr. Zhou is good at cooking and he has decided ______his own restaurant.A)open B)opened C)to open D) opening（2018.上海）41. Sue practices ______the violin hard and often gives wonderful performances.A)play B)played C)to play D)playing（2018.山东菏泽）29. During the Spring Festival, the young a kowtow（磕头） to the elders, but now they only give them best wishes.A. used to giveB. were used to give C were used to giving(2018.山东临沂)23. I didn’t see you ______ in. You must have been very quiet.A. comesB. to comeC. comeD. have come（2018.山东青岛）（2018.宁夏）（2018.内蒙古包头）27. As we all know, a person learns many things by making mistakes and ________ them.A. correctsB. correctC. to correctD. correcting（2018·内蒙古通辽）31. I can’t stand _______ in public.A. smokingB. to smokeC. smokeD. smokes 2018甘肃定西2018甘肃兰州。

2018中考英语真题单项选择分类试题---非谓语动词40题（含答案）1．贵州黔东南25. Please stop ______ and go out for a walk. Remember ______ warm clothes.A. to study; wearingB. studying; to wearC. to study: to wearD. studying: wearing2. 贵州黔东南33. Parents should always tell their kids ______ with strangers.A. not to talkB. not talkingC. to not talkD. not talk3. 贵州安顺27.--- You should do what you can ______ your English, LiMing.--- Ok, I will. Thank you, Ms. Hu.A. improveB. to improveC. improvingD. improved4. 贵州安顺30.---Tom, have you ever read the book《A Tale of Two Cities》______ by Charles Dickens ?---Yes ,I finished reading it last winter vocation．A. wroteB. to writeC. writingD. written5. 海南37. The policeman warned the man _____ after drinking.A. not to driveB. to driveC. driving6. 哈尔滨( )9. ---I’m considering ______broad for further study, but Ihaven’t decided yet.---You’d better ask your English teacher for some advice.A. goingB. to goC. go7. 龙东地区8.I prefer ______ the failure rather than ______ mydream.A. experience; to give upB. to experience; give upC. experiencing; giving up8. 齐齐哈尔 5. We set up this group ______ disabled people like Ben Smith.A. helpB. to helpC. helping9. 湖北咸宁33. --- Would you like to go swimming with me, Tom?--- Sorry, but our teachers always tell us ______ in theriver.A. don’t swimB. not swimmingC. not to swimD. to not swim10. 湖北襄阳37. The traffic is terribly busy in the morning. You’d betteravoid ______ in the center of the city.A. driveB. drivingC. to driveD. driven11. 湖北孝感29. Attention, please! Without permission, children are notallowed ______ alone here.A. to swimB. swimmingC. swimD. swam12. 湖南郴州24.---You can only keep the books for two weeks, Tom.Remember ______ them on time.---I will.A. returnB. returningC. to return13. 湖南邵阳25. Remember ______ some fruit when you come back.A. buyingB. to buyC. buy14. 湖南益阳33. Miss Wang has been afraid of ______ alone since she wasyoung.A. beingB. beC. to beD. is15. 南京 6. Some people enjoy ______ out their messages in bottles whenthey travel on the sea.A. to sendB. sendC. sendingD. sent16. 苏州9. ---I’m Daisy, not Jessie.---Sorry, I have difficulty ______ people’s names.A. rememberingB. rememberC. to rememberD. remembered17. 内蒙通辽31. I can’t stand ______ in public.A. smokingB. to smokeC. smokeD. smokes18. 青海西宁31. --- Mr. Wang, I have trouble ______ the text. Could youhelp me?--- Certainly. First, remember ______ it three times at least.Then, I will tell you more.A. to understand; readingB. understanding; readingC. understanding; to readD. to understand; to read19. 山东临沂23. I didn’t see you ______ in. You must have been very quiet.A. comesB. to comeC. comeD. have come20. 山东青岛12. Larry hopes_____ his English, so he keeps practicing itevery day.A. to solveB. solvingC. to improveD. improving21. 上海39. Mr. Zhou is good at cooking and he has decided ______hisown restaurant.A)open B)opened C)to open D) opening22. 上海41. Sue practises ______the violin hard and often giveswonderful performances.A)play B)played C)to play D)playing23. 成都32. I got up early this morning ______ my grandma atthe airport.A. to pick upB. picking upC. picked up24. 四川达州31. ---I have a bad cold, mom.---Oh, dear! You’d better ______ a doctor with me in a minute.A. will seeB. seeC. not seeD. seeing25. 四川达州33. ---Jack, remember ______ off the lights when _______yourbedroom.---OK, I won’t forget, Mom.A. turning; leavingB. to turn; leaveC. turning; leftD. to turn; leaving26. 四川眉山( )33.Miss.Brown prefers _______at home to_______outside.A. read, walkB. reading, walkC. reading, walkingD. read, walking27. 四川宜宾29. We all look forward to______ you again soon.A. seeB. seeingC. seen28. 天津32. Harry invited me_______ with him when his parents wereout of town.A. stayB. stayedC. stayingD. to stay29. 新疆维吾尔自治区32. ---Let’s ____ to the movies!.---I’m sorry. I must ____ my homework first.A. going; doB. go; doingC. go; doD. going; doing30. 新疆乌鲁木齐26. My bike is broken. I will have it ______ tomorrow morning.A. fix upB. fixed upC. repairingD. to repair31. 云南33. Our parents won't allow us _____ in the river alone.A. swimB. to swimC. swimmingD. swam32. 重庆A卷27．It was raining. My father asked me ______ a raincoat.A．take B．takes C．took D．to take33. 重庆B卷29.Their parents don’t allow them_______ in the river becauseit’s rally dangerous.A. swimB. swimmingC. to swimD. swam34. 长春21. I go to my grandparents’ home ________ with theirhousework every Sunday.A. helpB. helpedC. to helpD. helping35. 四川乐山27. –Julia, your mobile phone is ringing.–Wait a minute. It’s dangerous______ it while crossing thestreet.A. answeringB. answerC. to answer36. 广东42. After long years of war, many people in Syria are homeless.I think it important ______ a peaceful world.A. buildB. not buildC. to buildD. not to build37. 辽宁阜新11．Our teacher often asks us _______ time.A. not wasteB. not to wasteC. don’t wasteD. doesn’t waste38. 四川内江14．Mr．Black，you are becoming healthier andhealthier．Please keep on_____．A．ran B．to run C．runs D．running39. 四川达州29. ---I’d love to go hiking with you, but I have muchhomework________.---If you don’t go, _____.A. to do: so do IB. to do; nor will IC. doing ; so will ID. do; neither am I40. 山东菏泽29. During the Spring Festival, the young a kowtow（磕头）to the elders, but now they only give them best wishes.A. used to giveB. were used to giveC were used to giving答案：。

高考英语语法要点细讲精练非谓语动词【考纲解读】非谓语动词是历年来的考查重点之一，因为它们结构复杂，功能繁多，也是考生难于掌握的语法点，2018年的高考题中考查共有33题之多.考查重点主要有不定式的完成式、被动式、进行式、否定结构及省略形式；不定式和分词作后置定语的区别；只能接动名词的动词和接动名词、不定式有区别的动词的用法；动名词的被动用法及分词作为定语、状语、宾补的用法.尤其是作状语的用法，在非谓语动词的考题中占的比例最大；其次是非谓语动词作补语和宾语的用法，也占一定的比例.不管怎么考，基本上离不开非谓语动词的基本用法，只是题干的设置注重了句子结构的复杂化和语境化.所以做非谓语动词题不仅要理清句子的结构，还要理解句子的意思.毋庸置疑，来年高考中，非谓语动词定是一个考查热点.【知识要点】定义：在英语中，不作句子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词.分类：非谓语动词有动词不定式〔the Infinitive〕；动名词〔the Gerund〕；现在分词〔the Present Participle〕；过去分词〔the Past Participle〕一、动词不定式不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to+动词原形”.不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化.不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语.1.不定式的时态及语态时态主动被动意义例句语态一般to do to bedone 与谓语动词同时发生或以后发生I’m glad to see you. 当不定式逻辑上的主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式须用被动形式.如：Heasked to be sentto work in Tibet.This book is said tohave beentranslated intomany languages.进行to bedoing 表示谓语的动作（情况）发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行He pretended to bereading a book when Icame in.完成to havedone to havebeendone先于谓语动作发生We seem to have meteach other before.完成进行to havebeendoing先于谓语动作发生而又延续到谓语动作发生后He is said to have beenstudying abroad，but Idon’t know which countryhe is studying in.2.不定式的句法功能1〕作主语：To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.在十分钟内完成这项工作很难.动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，例如上面一句可用如下形式：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.2〕作表语：Her job is to clean the hall.她的工作就是打扫大厅.3〕作宾语：常与不定式作宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer，afford，ask，decide，expect，intend，等.如果不定式〔宾语〕后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语〔不定式〕后置，放在宾语补足语后面，如：Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.马克思认为研究俄国的形势很重要.动词不定式在介词but后面时，如果介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么这些介词后的不定式不带to；否则就要带to.另外在can’t choose but和can’t help but等后面的不定式也省略to.如：I have no choice but to stay here.我别无选择只有待在这儿.动词不定式作动词tell，show，understand，explain，teach，learn，advise，discuss等词的宾语时，前面常带疑问词.即：疑问词〔how，when，where，what，who〕...+to do.如：He gave us some advice on how to learn English. 他给了我们一些就如何学英语的建议.4〕作宾语补足语：动词不定式作动词feel,hear，see，watch，notice，observe等感官动词以及have,let，make等使役动词后面的宾语补足语时，不定式符号to要省略.但如果这些句子变成被动结构时，就必须带to符号.如：I saw him cross the road.我看到他过了街道.He was seen to cross the road.他被看到过了街道.5〕作定语：作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词.如：There is nothing to worry about.没有什么可担心的.如果不定式修饰time, place, way ，可以省略介词：He has no place to live.他没有住的地方.This is the best way to work out this problem.这是解决这个问题的最好的办法.动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后.与所修饰名词有如下关系：当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不同.试比较：Have you got anything to send〔你有什么东西要寄吗？——不定式to send的动作执行者是“你”〕Have you got anything to be sent〔你有什么要〔我或别人〕寄的东西吗？——不定式to be sent的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”〕用不定式作定语的几种情况不定式表将来I borrowed some books to read during my holiday.我借了几本书在假期里读.用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no,all，any等限定的中心词.如：He was the best man to do the job.他是做这项工作的最正确人选.She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.她是在奥运会上获得金牌的第一个女人.用于修饰的词是抽象名词时，常见的有：ability，chance，idea，fact，excuse，promise，answer，reply，attempt，belief，way，reason，moment，time等.如：Do you have the ability to read and write English 你具备读、写英语的能力吗？6〕作状语表目的He worked day and night to get the money.为了挣钱，他日日夜夜的工作.注意不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：为了省钱，能用的方法都用上了.〔×〕To save money, every means has been tried.〔√〕To save money, he has tried every means.表结果He arrived late to find the train gone.他来晚了，结果发现火车开走了.常用only 放在不定式前表示强调：I visited him only to find him out.我来拜访他，结果发现他出去了.表原因They were very sad to hear the news.听到这个消息他们非常伤心.表程度It’s too dark for us to see anyth ing.天太黑了，我们什么也看不清.The question is simple for him to answer.这道问题对他来说太容易回答了.作独立成分To tell you the truth, I don’t like the way he talked.说实话，我不喜欢他说话的方式.3.不定式符号to 的保留问题有时为了避免重复，可以用to来代替前面的不定式，这种情况常出现在以下动词后：expect，hope，wish，mean，prefer，care，forget，want，try以及be glad/happy；would like/love等后面.如：I haven’t been to Hong Kong，but I wish to. 我没去过香港，但我想去.—I didn’t tell him the news. 我没有告诉他那消息.—Oh，you ought to have.你应该告诉他的.4.动词不定式的几种特殊结构1〕for sb.to do 还是of sb.to do“for+逻辑主语+不定式”结构称为不定式复合结构，介词可用for或of.当形式主语句型中的表语是形容词，来描述不定式动作时，逻辑主语之前使用for；当它描述不定式的逻辑主语，说明其品质、特征或属性时，要用of，常见形容词有good，nice，clever，wise，foolish，stupid，honest，kind，polite，careful，cruel，brave，crazy等.2〕too ... to 结构在英语中，“too+adj./adv.+to do sth.”结构表示否定意义，意为“太……而不能……”.也可用so...that句型来表示，但that从句必须用否定形式.如：You’re too young to understand such things.你太小了，还不能理解那些事情.=You’re so yong that you can’t understand such things.注意：在以下场合下，too... to 结构表示肯定意义：某些形容词与too...to 连用表示肯定意义，too相当于very much.这些形容词多是表示心情的词和描述性的形容词.如：ready，glad，pleased，surprised，delighted，happy，easy，eager，thankful，anxious，willing，good，kind，true等.在too前加上only，but，all，simply或just时，too...to结构表示肯定意义.如：I’m only too glad to meet you here again.再次见到你我太高兴了.二、动名词动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能.1.动名词的形式：否定式：not+动名词1〕一般式：Seeing is believing.眼见为实.2〕被动式：He came to the party without being invited.他未被邀请就来到了晚会.3〕完成式：We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影.4〕完成被动式：He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old.他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过.5〕否定式：not+动名词I regret not following his advice.我后悔没听他的劝告.6〕复合结构：物主代词〔或名词所有格〕+动名词He suggested our trying it once again.他建议我们再试一次.His not knowing English troubled him a lot.他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦.2.动名词的句法功能：1〕作主语：Reading aloud is very helpful.朗读是很有好处的.Collecting stamps is interesting.集邮很有趣.当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语.It’s no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的.2〕作表语：In the ant city, the queen’s job is laying eggs.在蚂蚁王国，蚁后的工作是产卵.3〕作宾语：They haven’t finished building the dam.他们还没有建好大坝.We have to prevent the air from being polluted.我们必须阻止空气被污染.注意：动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语，如上面两个例句.此外，动名词作宾语时，若跟有宾语补足语，则常用形式宾语it ，如：We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好.要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid， excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit〔承认〕，deny, mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk〔冒险〕, appreciate, be busy, be worth, feel like, can’t stand, can’t help, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent...〔from〕,keep ...from, stop...〔from〕,protect...from, set about, be engaged in, spend...〔in〕, succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like4〕作定语：He can’t walk without a walking stick.他没有拐杖不能走路.Is there a swimming pool in your school?你们学校有游泳池吗？5〕作同位语：The cave, his hiding place is secret.那个山洞，他藏身的地方很秘密.His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged.他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变.三、现在分词现在分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和副词的句法功能.1.现在分词的形式否定式：not+现在分词1〕现在分词的主动语态：现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常作状语.如：They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去.Having done his homework, he played basketball.做完作业，他开始打篮球.2〕现在分词的被动语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作.The problem being discussed is very important.正在被讨论的问题很重要.Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake.被告诉了好几遍，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误.2.现在分词的句法功能：1〕作定语：现在分词作定语，当分词单独作定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语作定语放在名词后.In the following years he worked even harder.在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了.The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor’s father.正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲.现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能，如：in the following years 也可用in the years that followed;the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher.2〕现在分词作表语：The film being shown in the cinema is exciting.正在这家上演的电影很棒.The present situation is inspiring.当前的形势鼓舞人心.be+doing既可能表示现在进行时，也可能是现在分词作表语，它们的区别在于be+doing表示进行的动作是进行时，而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构.3〕作宾语补足语：如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语：see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等.如：Can you hear her singing the song in the next room ？你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗？He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着.4〕现在分词作状语作时间状语〔While〕Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.在工厂工作时，他是一名先进工人.作原因状语Being a League member, he is always helping others.由于是共青团员，他经常帮助他人.作方式状语，表示伴随He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他待在家里，又擦又洗.作条件状语〔If〕Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.要是整天玩，你就会浪费宝贵的时间.作结果状语He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces.他把杯子掉了，结果摔得粉碎.作目的状语He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了.作让步状语Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.虽然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了.与逻辑主语构成独立主格I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my heard.我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上.All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly.所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了.Time permi tting, we’ll do another two exercises.如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习.有时也可用with 〔without〕+名词〔代词宾格〕+分词形式With the lights burning, he fell asleep.他点着灯睡着了.作独立成分Judging from〔by〕his appearance, he must be an actor.从外表看，他一定是个演员.Generally speaking, girls are more careful.一般说来，女孩子更细心.四、过去分词过去分词只有一种形式：规则动词由动词原形加词尾ed构成.不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求，要一一记住.过去分词的句法功能：1.过去分词作定语Our class went on an organized trip last Monday.上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行..当选为委员的人将出席这次会.注意当过去分词是单词时，一般用于名词前，如果是过去分词短语，就放在名词的后面.过去分词作定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句.2.过去分词作表语The window is broken.窗户破了.They were frightened at the sad sight.他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕.注意：be+过去分词，如果表示状态是系表结构，如果表示被动的动作是被动语态.区别：The window is broken.〔系表〕The window was broken by the boy.〔被动〕有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的，不表示被动，只表示完成.如：boiled water 〔开水〕fallen leaves 〔落叶〕newly arrived goods 〔新到的货〕the risen sun 〔升起的太阳〕the changed world 〔变了的世界〕这类过去分词有：等.3.过去分词作宾语补足语I heard the song sung several times last week.上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次.有时过去分词作with 短语中的宾语补足语：With the work done, they went out to play.工作做完了，他们出去玩去了.4.过去分词作状语1〕表示原因Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.受到邻居们的表扬，他成为父母的骄傲.2〕表示时间Once seen, it can never be forgotten.一旦它被看见，人们就忘不了.3〕表示条件Given more time, I’ll be able to do it better.如果给予更多的时间，我能做得更好.4〕表示让步Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.虽然被告之有危险，他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子.Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave.心中充满了希望与恐惧，他走进山洞.【考点诠释】考点一、考查谓语动词与非谓语动词的识别英语句子至少应该包括主语与谓语两部分, 而多数情况下谓语都由动词来充当.如果对句子成分划分不清，把谓语动词与非谓语动词混淆, 做题效果可想而知.要克服这一毛病，关键在于正确判断、识别动词在句中是否充当谓语.如：1. The children 〔play〕 _____ the violin over there will go on the stage next week.根据句子结构，我们可以看出这是一个简单句.主语是The children，谓语部分是will go 考点二、考查作状语的非谓语动词的辨析作状语的非谓语动词主要考查其各种形式的辨析，即是选择动词不定式、现在分词还是过去分词作状语, 不同的状语对非谓语动词的要求不同. 动词不定式主要作目的、结果和原因状语；现在分词和过去分词主要作时间、原因、条件、让步、方式和伴随状语，两者不同之处在于：现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作,即它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，它们之间的关系是主动关系，而过去分词作状语时，虽然它的逻辑主语也是句子的主语，但过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系.请看下面例题：1.____tired of Tom’s all-talk-no-action attitude, Julia decided to do the job all by herself.A〕 To get B〕 To have gotC〕 Getting D〕 Have got一般来说，在句子中没有连接词的情况下, 逗号是无力连接两个句子的.据此，首先可以确定这是一个简单句，非谓语动词短语放在句首作状语.依据非谓语动词短语get tired of与其逻辑主语Julia之间的主动关系，以及谓语动词与非谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生，没有明显的先后顺序，可以断定应用现在分词一般式作原因状语,即“由于厌倦了Tom只说不做的工作态度”，故正确答案为C.考点三、考查非谓语动词逻辑主语的分辨非谓语动词虽然在句中不作谓语，但仍然有自己逻辑上的主语.历年各种考试的重点在于正确分辨非谓语动词的逻辑主语是什么，两者之间是主动关系还是被动关系，特别是非谓语动词作状语的时候.我们知道，当非谓语动词放在句首作状语的时候，一般来说，它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，那么，当它的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，又会出现什么现象呢？请看下面例题：1. The last bus 〔go〕____, we had to walk home.2. Weather 〔permit〕____, the spaceship will be launched tomorrow evening.这两个非谓语动词短语的逻辑主语都不是句子的主语，而是分别有它自己的逻辑主语，请再看下面例题：3. The work 〔finish〕 _____, they may go home.4. The problem 〔discuss〕 _____ at the meeting- room now, the workers had to wait outdoors.同样，这两道题的结构也是独立主格结构.依据非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的被动关系以及非谓语动词所表示动作发生的时间性，可以判断正确答案分别为finished〔已完成〕和being discussed〔正在进行〕.考点四、考查非谓语动词时态与语态的把握非谓语动词虽然在句中不作谓语，但它仍然具有动词的特征，即可以有自己的主语〔逻辑主语〕,也可以有时态和语态的变化.非谓语动词的各种时态形式都是依据句子的谓语动词的时态形式而变化的.一般情况下，如果非谓语动词所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作同时或之后发生, 就用非谓语动词的一般式或进行式〔侧重强调动作正在进行〕；如果非谓语动词所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，就用非谓语动词的完成式〔特别强调动作发生的先后〕.非谓语动词的语态在于正确把握非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系还是被动关系.例如：____ that Bob had got promoted, his friends came to congratulate him.A〕 Heard B〕 Having heardC〕 Hear D〕 To hear依据非谓语动词hear与其逻辑主语his friends之间的主动关系，以及前后句的逻辑关系，可以断定用现在分词形式来作时间状语，再根据现在分词的动作“听说”发生在主要谓语动词“来”之前，由此判断应该用现在分词的完成式〔只用作状语时使用〕，意为“听说Bob已得到提升，他的朋友都来向他表示祝贺”，故正确答案为B.考点五、考查非谓语动词作主语时句式的转变非谓语动词〔动词不定式或动名词〕作主语主要考查其句式的转变，习惯上通常把it作为形式主语放在句首，作题时要善于分辨这种形式上的转变.请看下面例题：1. It is an honour for me 〔be〕 _____ your English teacher.2. It is no use of us 〔wait〕 _____ at home like this.六、考查作定语的非谓语动词的判断非谓语动词作定语主要考查非谓语动词作后置定语的情况，这里关键要把握住非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主动行为还是被动行为,以及非谓语动词表示的动作发生的时间性，即是正在进行或已经完成还是将要发生.一般来说，用现在分词一般式作定语往往表示动作是主动行为且正在进行当中，如果动作是被动行为且正在进行当中，就用现在分词一般式的被动语态；用过去分词作定语往往表示动作是被动行为且已经完成; 用动词不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作，如果是被动行为，就用动词不定式一般式的被动语态. 例如：1. The boy 〔cry〕____ over there is my younger brother.依据cry与它的逻辑主语The boy之间的主动关系和cry的动作正在进行，所以用现在分词作定语修饰boy，因而正确答案为crying.【试题放送】【2018江西卷】33．Having finished her project, she was invited by the school to the new students.A．speaking B．having spoken C．to speak D．to have spoken【答案】C【考点】非谓语动词.【解析】不定式表目的，又因D选项时态错误，应选C.【2018江西卷】35．John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter him it.A．offered B．offering C．to offer D．to be offered【答案】B【考点】非谓语动词【解析】此处offer的逻辑主语为空格前名词letter，根据句意，两者语态为主动关系，且表伴随，应选B.【2018湖南卷】31. The lecture, ____ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.A. startingB. being startedC. to startD. to be started【答案】A【考点】此题考查非谓语动词的用法.【解析】根据last night可知start已经发生，故排除C、D〔不定式常表将来〕，B〔being done〕一般表进行，也排除.非谓语动词的主动语态和被动语态现在分词作定语【2018湖南】23. Time, ____ correctly, is money in the bank.A. to useB. usedC. usingD. use【答案】B【考点】考查非谓语动词.【解析】因为本句已有谓语动词is，且没有连词或引导词，故排除谓语形式D；而time与use为被动关系，所以选B.谓语与非谓语动词过去分词作条件状语或时间状语表被动【2018湖南】21. We've had a good start, but next, more work needs ____ to achieve the final success.A. being doneB. doC. to be doneD. to do【答案】C【考点】考查非谓语动词.【解析】因为work与do为被动关系，而need后表被动用-ing的主动形式表被动含义，或用不定式的被动形式，应选C.谓语与非谓语动词不定式的被动语态作宾语短语need to be done.【2018重庆卷】31. Before you quit your job, ______how your family would feel about your decision.A. considerB. consideringC. to considerD. considered【答案】A【考点】祈使句用法【解析】结合选项来分析句子结构，逗号前为时间状语从句，后面实际上是一个祈使句.由此可知，A选项符合题意.因此，正确答案为A选项.【2018重庆卷】28. We’A. to be madeB. being madeC. madeD. having been made【答案】 A【考点】非谓语动词【解析】分析句子结构可知，空白处为后置定语，与被修饰的名词是逻辑上的被动关系，而且是将要发生的动作.由此可知，表示被动和将来的A选项符合题意.B表示被动进行，C表示被动完成，D表示被动完成，但是不作定语.因此，正确答案为A选项.【2018重庆卷】23.______to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.A. Having been askedB. To askC. Having askedD. To be asked【答案】A【考点】非谓语动词用法【解析】逗号前为原因状语，空白处与句子的主语为逻辑上的动宾关系，由此可排除表示主动关系的B和C选项，D选项常作目的和结果状语，不作原因状语，也可排除，而A选项为现在分词完成式的被动形式，可作时间状语、原因状语、结果状语、伴随状语等.因此，正确答案为A选项.【2018辽宁卷】29. This machine is very easy . Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.A. operatingB. to be operatingC. operatedD. to operate【答案】D【考点】非谓语动词【解析】在句型“主语+be+adj+to do”中，如果这个主语是动词do的逻辑宾语，故用主动表被动，所以选D.【2018辽宁卷】25. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog them.A. to followB. followingC. followedD. follows【答案】B【考点】非谓语动词【解析】with的宾语后面可加形容词、副词、分词、不定式、名词等作宾补，这儿pet dog与follow构成主谓关系，所以用following.【2018四川卷】6. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _____ his plane high up in the sky.A. findingB. to findC. being foundD. to have found【答案】 B【考点】此题考查非谓语动词.【解析】句意为：汤姆乘的士赶到机场，结果只发现他要乘坐的飞机已经飞入高空了.此处only后接动词不定式to do表示意想不到的结果.应选B.【2018四川卷】8. I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.A. to windB. windC. windingD. wound【答案】 C【考点】此题考查非谓语动词.【解析】此题考查现在分词作宾语补足语.winding its way与宾语snake之间为主动关系且此动作正在进行，应选C.【2018四川卷】12. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ____.A. washedB. washC. washingD. to wash【答案】 A 此题考查非谓语动词.【考点】考查过去分词作宾语补足语.【解析】此题中使役动词get后接的宾语car与作宾语补足语的动词wash之间为被动关系，构成短语：get sth. done.故答案选A.句意为：在驱车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了.【2018四川卷】16. I make $2,000 a week, 60 surely won’t make ______ difference to me.A. that a bigB. a that bigC. big a thatD. that big a【答案】 D【考点】此题考查副词用法.【解析】副词that表示“那么…”修饰形容词的固定短语为：that + adj. 〔+ a/ an + n.〕，相当于so及how的用法，即that〔so/ how〕 big a difference —那么〔如此/多么〕大的一个分别〔影响〕.应选D.【2018陕西卷】15.________ in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad .A. StandingB. To standC. StoodD. Stand。