Unit4 Section Ⅲ Grammar——定语从句(Ⅰ)

Section ⅢGrammar——限制性定语从句语境自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟1.There was not much(that) we could do when it was raining.2.That is all that works.3.Who is the girl that he gave the flower to？4.The lady I wrote the poem for was my sister.5.This is the great writer to whom our teacher was referring.6.He received the email (that) he was looking forward to.1.例句1先行词much和例句2先行词all 后用that，不用which，作定语从句的宾语时可以省略。

2.例句3、4中关系代词作动词的间接宾语时，用to或for，无关系代词时，也要用to或for。

3.例句5中介词置于从句之首，关系代词whom之前。

4.例句6中定语从句的谓语动词如果是以介词结尾的短语动词，则不可把介词移至从句之首。

限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。

这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，书写时不可用逗号分开。

非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作附加补充说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清晰完整。

这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切，书写时往往用逗号分开。

非限制性定语从句一般不用that引导。

Do you know the girl who just came in?你认识那个刚刚进来的女孩吗？(若把从句去掉，则不明白是哪个女孩)The old woman，who lives on her own，has a cat for company.这个老妇人一个人住，养了一只猫陪伴她。

(若把从句去掉，仍然知道是哪个老妇人)[即时训练1]单句语法填空①My house，which I bought last year，has got a lovely garden.②The boy that/who broke the window is called Tom.一、只用that不用which的情况1．先行词是不定代词all，much，little，something，everything，anything，nothing，none等或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时。

Section ⅢGrammar语境自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟1.The number of people who were killed orseriously injured reached more than400，000.2.Then，later that afternoon，another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.3.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.4.Yesterday I helped an old man who/that lost his way.5.The boy whose father is a teacher is a new classmate of mine.6.My daughter bought a useful dictionary whose cover was printed“Oxford University”.7.China is a country that/which has a long history.1.第1、3、4句中的定语从句使用了关系代词who，在定语从句中作主语。

2.第2、7句中的定语从句使用了关系代词which，在定语从句中作主语。

3.第4、7句中的定语从句使用了关系代词that，在定语从句中作主语。

4.关系代词who常用来指代人；关系代词which 常用来指代物；关系代词that既可以指人也可以指物。

5.第5、6句中的定语从句使用了关系代词whose，在定语从句中作定语，它既可以指人也可以指物。

who(whom)，which，that，whose引导的定语从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫作定语从句。

SectionⅣGrammar —定语从句 ( Ⅰ)[ 新知导引 ]1． ( 教材 P26)The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reachedmore than 400,000.2． ( 教材 P26)Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almostas strong as the first one shook Tangshan.3． ( 教材 P26)The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and tobury the dead.4． ( 教材 P26)Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.5． The man whom/who/that I have to phone lives in Canada.[ 语法详解 ]一、定义1．在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

2．关系词分为关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose, as等)和关系副词(when, where, why等)两类。

二、关系代词的用法1． who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。

Here comes the girl who wants to see you.想见你的那个女孩过来了。

( 作主语 )Danny was a man who we rescued from the ruins .丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的一个人。

( 作宾语 )2． whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who 代替。

Section ⅢGrammar——限制性定语从句语境自主领悟先观察原句1.I know you're dying to hear all about my life here，so I've included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.2.The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows.3.We walked for two and a half hours to get there—first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.4.The only possessions I could see were one broom，a few tin plates and cups anda couple of jars.后自主感悟1.所有例句中黑体部分都是限制性定语从句。

2.例句1中黑体部分包括两个定语从句：which引导的定语从句修饰表物的先行词some photos，在从句中作主语；I talk about是省略了关系代词that/which(在从句中作宾语)的定语从句，修饰表物的先行词the places。

3.例句2中黑体部分为who引导的定语从句修饰表人的先行词The boys，who 在从句中作主语。

4.例句3中黑体部分为from where引导的定语从句修饰表物的先行词a ridge。

5.例句4中黑体部分为省略了关系代词that(在从句中作宾语)的定语从句，修饰表物的先行词The only possessions。

预习案An attributive clause gives more information about someone or something referred to (指代的)in the main clause. Look at the example below:The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.An attributive clause may begin with a relative pronoun(关系代词) such as that, who, which, whom, whose.Find the sentences with attributive clauses from the reading in the second paragraph from reading passage and translate them into Chinese._________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________’s the function(作用) of an attributive clause in a sentence?2. What are the relative pronouns(关系代词)?，find out the relative pronoun of each group sentences and analyze its usage.把从句部分划线，找出每组句子的关系代词，并分析它的用法。