中考阅读理解之细节题汇编

【英语】初三英语英语阅读理解汇编真题汇编（含答案）及解析【英语】初三英语英语阅读理解汇编真题汇编(含答案)及解析⼀、中考英语阅读理解汇编1．阅读理解"The day will be the most memorable in the history of America," wrote John Adams in 1776. "People will honor it with parades, fireworks and celebrations," he added.Since 1776, Americans have celebrated July 4 as the country's Independence Day. Several early presidents of the United States died on July 4. They include John Adams, who became the second president. Adams and Thomas Jefferson, the country's third president, both died on the country's 50th anniversary of Independence Day. James Monroe, the fifth US president, died on July 4, 1831. And the 30th president, Calvin Coolidge, was born on July 4.Most Americans celebrate Independence Day with barbecues, parades and fireworks. But a few celebrate by eating all the hot dogs they can, Since the early 1970s, a restaurant called Nathan's Famous has organized a competition to see who can eat the most hot dogs in a short time. In 10 years, Joey Chestnut has won the men's contest nine times, In 2016, he set a record at the competition by eating 70 hot dogs in 10 minutes. The 2016 women's winner, Miki Sudo, has won in each of the past three years. In 2016, she ate 38 and a half hot dogs. Sudo and Chestnut each won a $ 10, 000 prize.Let's go back to those fireworks, probably the most common image related to Independence Day. Americans really love fireworks. Where do many of our fireworks come from? . By the way, we also import most of our American flags from China, too.（1）Some presidents died on July 4 EXCEPT____________.A. John AdamsB. Thomas JeffersonC. James MonroeD. Calvin Coolidge（2）Some Americans celebrate Independence Day by eating____________.A. hot dogs.B. noodlesC. dumplingsD. hamburgers（3）Which of the following can be put into the blank?A. EnglandB. ChinaC. FranceD. Germany（4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Joey Chestnut ate 38 and a half hot dogs in ten minutes.B. Americans import most of their national flags from Japan.C. Americans love fireworks very much.D. Americans have celebrated July 4 as the country's Independence Day since 1831.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】⽂章⼤意：⽂章介绍了内国⼈庆祝独⽴⽇的⽅式，有⼈通过烧烤、游⾏和放烟花庆祝，有⼈通过吃热狗庆祝，⼗年来乔伊获得了九次冠军，Miki Sudo在过去三年中每⼀年都获得了冠军。

专题16 阅读理解考点3 说明文（一）（2022·湖南益阳·中考真题）Do you know how to cook, clean or grow plants? If not, you will soon. These will be part of labor（劳动）education starting this autumn.A new standard for labor education recently came out. Students in primary and middle school will have at least one labor education class a week. They will try and experience different kinds of labor and learn different life skills and even job skills. The standard includes different tasks for each grade. For example, students in Grade 5 and Grade 6 will learn to cook two or three common dishes, like fried eggs or egg soup with tomatoes.Labor education can enrich Chinese students’ life. Chinese school education didn’t pay enough attention to this in the past. According to a 2019 report, Chinese kids only do 12 minutes of practical activity each day.The new standard also calls on families to take part in students’ labor education. They will make housework lists to help students be more independent.Besides housework skills, students will have a chance to try new technologies like 3D printing. They will also learn to make traditional handicrafts （手工艺品）.1．According to the passage, when will labor education start?A．This autumn.B．Next year.C．Two years later.2．Xiao Hua will be in Grade 6 next term, she will ________.A．learn only one life skillB．learn to cook two or three common dishesC．have at least two labor education classes a week3．Labor education in China can ________.A．enrich students’ lifeB．make parents do more houseworkC．make students have less school work4．How will families help students be more independent?A．By making housework lists.B．By doing homework for the students.C．By asking students to do everything at home.5．In labor education class, what will students NOT learn to do?A．Try 3D printing.B．Make traditionalhandicrafts.C．Sell things online.【答案】1．A2．B3．A4．A5．C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了今年秋天开始，劳动教育将成为中国教育的一部分，并列举了中小学生需要掌握的技能。

（英语）初中英语英语阅读理解汇编解题技巧及经典题型及练习题( 含答案 ) 含分析一、中考英语阅读理解汇编1．阅读理解Sometimes people come into your life and you know at once that they were sure to be there. They serve some sort of purpose, teach you a lesson or help find out who you are or who you want to become. You never know who these people may be: your classmate, neighbor, teacher, long-lost friend or even a real stranger. But you know that every moment they will affect yourlife in some serious way.Sometimes things happen to you. At the time they may seem terrible, painful and unfair. But later you realize that without getting over those difficulties you would have never realized your further ability and strength. Everything happens for a reason and nothing happens by chance or with good or bad luck.The people you meet affect your life, and the successes and failure（失败）you experience, create who you are. Even the bad experiences can be learned from. In fact, they are probablythe most poignant and important ones.Enjoy every day even every moment and take from it everything that you possibly can, for you may never be able to experience it again. Talk to people you have never talked to before, and really listen. You should set your sights high, hold your head up, tell yourself you are a great one and believe in yourself.You can make your life anything you wish. Create your own life and then go out and live it.（1） From the passage, we know that bad things can make us.A. terribly meet bad luckB. realize our further abilityC. find no serious successD. possibly enjoy every moment（2） The underlined word "poignant" in the passage means "_______".A. 平庸的B. 显然的C. 深刻的D. 艰辛的（3） The writer's advice is that we should ________.A. never talk to strange peopleB. learn as much as we can each dayC. get overdifficulties painfully D. not believe in ourselves but others（4） Which is the best title for the passage?A. Create Your Own LifeB. Hold Your Head UpC. People You Meet in LifeD. Things Happen to You【答案】（ 1） B（2） C（3） B（4） A【分析】【剖析】文章粗心：文章主要讨论的是要不停的学习，以创建出属于自己的生活。

专题16 阅读理解考点4 议论文（一）（2022·湖北十堰·中考真题）阅读短文，根据其内容，选择最佳选项。

There is no doubt that technology has had abig influence on our lives. People from all around the world can now talk to each other almost at once on mobile phones and theInternet. People can easily solve their problems with the help of computers and the world wide web. With this technology, it seems that the world is more connected now than ever before. Even so, there have been worries abouttechnology making people feel lonely and disconnected from others around them.So does this mean that technology makes us lonely?In my opinion, it is hard to say Yes or No.It’s true that humans need communication with each other. If we depend on technology too much to communicate, this can badly impact our mental(心理的) health. For me, technology is a tool. And just like any other kind of tool —like scissors, a pencil or a ruler, for example, it depends on how we use it: in a right way or in a right place. Take social media (社交媒体) as an example. If you only use it to compare yourself with others, you might feel sad and lonely. But if you use it as a tool to connect with friends and family or to start a new community to talk about your hobbies and interests, the loneliness will turn into love and friendship.When you feel lonely after staring at your computer screen all day, maybe you can use that technology to reach out to a reliable (可靠的) friend and invite him or her out for lunch or a coffee.1. According to the writer, technology is________ .A. a toolB. an influenceC. a pair of scissorsD. a way of communication2. What’s the meaning of the underlined word“impact”in Paqugraph 4?A. 帮助B. 促进C. 影响D. 进入3. According to the passage, if people use technology too much, people may ________ .A. sleep lessB. live longerC. feel lonelyD. get more jobs4. When we use technology to________ others, we can find love and friendship.A. argue withB. compete withC. connect withD. compare with5. What’s the main idea of the passage?A. Social media is important to us.B. Technology can be good and bad to us.C. People need to communicate with each other.D. Computers and the Internet help us with our work.【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. B 【解析】【导语】本文介绍技术对我们的生活产生了很大的影响，在带来便利的同时，使人们之间的交流变少了。

2019-2021年天津市中考真题英语分项汇编阅读理解考点一：阅读理解之记叙文（2021·天津中考真题）I’m Kevin, a student of Grade 9. Most of my friends walk to school, but I like to ride my bike each day. I wake up at 7:00. After I wash my face and eat breakfast, I throw the schoolbag on my back. Do I have my books and homework? Yes, I do.I take my bike, hop （跳）onto it and ride to school at 7: 30. “See you later. Mum,” I say. I pass my friends when I ride by. “Hi, Kevin!” they call when I pass. Mary does not want to ride with me. She does not like to wear a schoolbag. She likes to carry her books in her arms when she walks. She likes to kick the autumn leaves. But she likes to look at the flowers the best.Not me! I like to ride my bike to feel the fresh air in my face. When I get to school, I lock my bike in the bicycle park. I walk across the field to say hi to Mr Brown and wait for my friends in our classroom.1．What grade is Kevin in?A．Grade 6. B．Grade 7. C．Grade 8. D．Grade 9.2．What time does Kevin ride to school?A．At 6:30. B．At 7:00. C．At 7:30. D．At 8:00.3．On her way to school, Mary likes to ________ the best.A．ride with Kevin B．look at the flowers C．wear a schoolbag D．kick the autumn leaves4．Why does Kevin like to ride a bike?A．To take his mum with him. B．To meet his grandpa.C．To feel the fresh air in his face. D．To show he is brave.5．Where does Kevin wait for his friends?A．At home. B．In the field. C．At the school gate. D．In the classroom.【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．D【分析】本文主要讲述了Kevin喜欢骑自行车去上学，他喜欢感受清新空气吹在脸上的感觉，而Mary喜欢走路去上学，她喜欢踢秋天的树叶，她最喜欢看花。

中考英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案)含解析一、阅读理解1．阅读理解In the summer between my first year and second year in college, I was invited to be an instructor（辅导员）at a high school camp. On the first day, when we were dancing and playing games, I noticed a boy under the tree who was small and thin. His shyness made him appear weak. I walked towards him, introduced myself and invited him to join in the activities and meet some new people. He quietly replied, "No, I really don't want to do this." I could understand that he was in a new world but I knew it wouldn't be right to force him either. Actually, the boy didn't need a close talk but a friend.At lunch the next day, I was leading camp songs when I saw the boy under the tree sitting alone.I tried again with the same invitation, but he refused once again. That evening I was told the boy's name was Tommy. Then I asked the campers to pay special attention to the boy and spend time with him when they could.The days went by and the time came when we had to leave. We held a big, warm party to celebrate the closing of the camp. All the campers shared their wonderful moments. To my surprise, I found the boy from under the tree dancing joyfully with two girls. I couldn't believe it was the same person.In October of my second year, I received a phone call from Tommy's mother. She told me that Tommy was hit by a car and died. I offered my deep sadness. The mother said, "Tommy mentioned you so many times. I want you to know that he went back to school and made new friends with confidence. You made a difference to Tommy during his last months."At that moment, I realized how easy it was to give a bit of yourself every day. You may never know how much each gesture may mean to someone else. I hope that everyone can pay attention to his own "boy under the tree".（1）Before the writer came to the high school summer camp, he was a（n） .A. instructorB. camperC. studentD. reporter（2）How many times did the writer invite the boy to join in the activities?A. Once.B. Twice.C. Three times.D. Many times.（3）Which is the CORRECT order about the story？①The boy danced joyfully wi th two girls.② The boy went back to school and made new friends.③ The boy refused to join in the activities.④The boy's mother made a phone call to the writer.A. ①②③④B. ②③①④C. ③①②④D.④③②①（4）From Paragraph 4, we can infer that Tommy's mother was very to the writer.A. thankfulB. helpfulC. faithfulD. harmful【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者曾给一个男孩精神上的帮助，让大家指代每天给自己一点自信是多么容易。

2022年中考英语真题分项汇编（湖北专用）专题04 阅读理解（说明文）一、（2022·湖北荆州·中考真题）Do you know how to take notes? Here are some useful tips.★Don’t write everything down. Pay more attention to the main points.★You should write key words or very short sentences.★You may use your own words, but try not to change the speaker’s meaning.★Don’t worry about missing something during the speech.★Don’t take notes on paper that you might easily lose. Keep your notes in a notebook.★Read your notes often. This will help you remember them later.1．What should you write when taking notes?A．Everything you hear.B．Some key words.C．Long sentences.D．Less important points.2．According to the passage, it might be best to take notes on ________ .A．pieces of paper B．the textbook C．a notebook D．your desk3．What should you do if you want to learn from your notes?A．Read them often.B．Make them longer.C．Change the speaker’s meaning.D．Spend less time on them.【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。

中考英语英语阅读理解汇编专题训练答案含解析一、中考英语阅读理解汇编1．阅读理解Stonehenge means "hanging stones". They stood in a circle, with 30 more stones lying on topto form a ring of rocks. There was also an inner circle built with similar stones. The stones set upin a trilithon（巨石牌坊） pattern.A trilithon is made of two stone pillars with a stab of rock laid across the top. The stones weighup to 20 tons each. People wonder how the huge rocks were placed that way.Historians agree that Stonehenge was built in three different stages. The first stage took place about 5, 000 years ago. At that time, a large circular earth wall was made. Historians believe thewall was dug and cut with tools made form anglers（鹿角）of red deer. The earth wall was about 98m in diameter（直径） a 5-meter-tall stone was placed near the center. Then, they hadto transport the large blue stones （up to 4 tons） 384 kilometers to Stonehenge. Experts thinkthey might be moved across ice and snow. The ground in winter in this area is usually full of iceand snow, making it easier to move the rocks. The next task was to stand the stones up. The most difficult task was putting the top stones in place. Each one of these tasks took a lot of planningand a lot of strength, but the workers of Stonehenge were excellent builders.Why was the monument built? Some scientists think it's a burial ground. There are over 400 graves （burial sits） nearby. A man was buried with two gold earrings which are the oldest goldever found in Britain （dated to 2470 BC）. Others think Stonehenge was built by early astronomers. Scientists believe that when a person stands in the center of the monument, the changing of seasons can be seen. Certain stones mark the location of the rising and setting moonin midwinter. Other stones mark the rising and setting sun in midsummer. The ancient peopleheld religious ceremonies on these days. These ceremonies probably asked the gods to bringgood weather for crops and to protect the people from bad weather.Stonehenge is an engineering success. Thousands of years later, it still stands. As a calendar, Stonehenge is very accurate. It shows that early people had a deep understanding of the movements to the sun and the moon. They didn't have machines or computers, but Stonehenge shows people could do many things using only their muscles and their brains.（1）he first building stage of Stonehenge was ________.A. to dig and cut the earth wallB. to move the blue stones across the iceC. to stand the stones upD. to put the top stones in place（2）Which evidence（证据） is given to support the idea that Stonehenge was a burial ground?A. Stonehenge was made of stones.B. It is a place for celebrating ceremonies.C. The passing of seasons can be seen there.D. Two gold earrings were found in a grave.（3）The underlined word "accurate" in the last paragraph probably means "________".A. correctB. strangeC. hugeD. heavy（4）Stonehenge was probably NOT originally built for ________.A. touristsB. religious reasonsC. a burial groundD. telling the seasons【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了巨石阵的形状，发展以及历史意义。

2024年中考语文真题汇编复习专题11 课内文言文阅读（2024·北京·中考真题）阅读《小石潭记》，完成下面小题。

小石潭记柳宗元①从小丘西行百二十步，隔篁竹，闻水声，如鸣珮环，心乐之。

伐竹取道，下见小潭，水尤清冽。

全石以为底，近岸，卷石底以出，为坻，为屿，为堪，为岩。

青树翠蔓，蒙络摇缀，参差披拂。

②潭中鱼可百许头，皆若空游无所依，日光下澈，影布石上。

怡然不动，俶尔远逝，往来翕忽，似与游者相乐。

③潭西南而望，斗折蛇行，明灭可见。

其岸势犬牙差互，不可知其源。

④坐潭上，四面竹树环合，寂寥无人，凄神寒骨，悄怆幽邃。

以其境过清，不可久居，乃记之而去。

⑤同游者：吴武陵，龚古，余弟宗玄。

隶而从．者，崔氏二小生，曰恕己，曰奉壹。

1．“隶而从者”中的“从”与下列词语中加点的“从”，意思相同的一项是（）A．从头至尾B．择善而从C．从长计议D．从天而降2．对“其境过清”中“境”的理解，下列不正确．．．的一项是（）A．溪水时隐时现，溪岸交错不齐，渺远不见源头。

B．竹子树木丛生，枝叶茂密繁多，环绕小潭四周。

C．地处荒僻之野，平时没有人来，环境寂静寥落。

D．小潭清幽深邃，风光明媚可爱，空气清爽宜人。

3．根据《小石潭记》及下面的材料，在后面语段中的横线上填写恰当的内容。

二十五，游里湖，登放鹤亭，旋泊西泠桥。

登岸步入西村，隔岸望孤山后。

朱阑傍水，翠幕垂窗，古楼覆屋，小艇系门。

余乃悦其幽寂，呼舟对渡，果佳境也。

（取材于浦访君《游明圣湖日记》）“隔”，产生距离，引发好奇。

柳宗元隔竹听声，小石潭水声“如鸣佩环”，他“心乐之”，于是“①”，探看小潭全貌；浦枋君隔岸观景，孤山后景色秀丽，色彩斑斓，他“悦其幽寂”，于是“②”，得以欣赏“佳境”。

（2024·天津·中考真题）阅读《醉翁亭记》一文，完成下面小题。

醉翁亭记欧阳修①环滁皆山也。

其西南诸峰，林壑尤美，望之蔚然而深秀者，琅琊也。

山行六七里，渐闻水声潺潺，而泻出于两峰之间者，酿泉也。

57．A【解析】细节理解题。由第二段中They were having so much fun that they didn’t realize they had swum far from home. Suddenly, Cherub saw a large shark(鲨鱼)swimming above them.可知此句表述正确，故填A。
( ) 58. Cherub was brave and clam when she faced the unexpected danger.
( ) 59. Oliver’s quick mind and action saved Oliver himself and Cherub.
( ) 60. From this passage, we know we have our own advantages in all situations, though we are different.
60. The emperor learnt from the nightingale what love and kindness was.
【主旨大意】本文讲述了一位国王在一只夜莺〞无心的帮助〞之下完成自我救赎，最终赢得百姓爱戴的故事。
3.【解析】答案为T。细节理解题。由第一段的In the garden, there was a little nightingale ( 夜莺) singing very beautifully.和第三段的最后一句The bird could sing very beautifully，too.可知夜莺和机器人夜莺都唱得很好。
The little bird was so unhappy about being kept in the cage that she stopped singing one day. The emperor was very angry. He ordered the scientists in his palace to make a robot bird for him. Thebird could sing very beautifully，too.

2024年▶中·考◀语文试题汇编——古诗词阅读及答案说明：本试题汇编来源于2024年各地中考语文试题，每8个阅读编为一组，有答案。

每一套题目序号都是从“1”开始，便于对照答案。

答案附在每一套的后面，以减少翻检查找之苦。

每一套均可独立成卷。

第一套古诗词试题汇编答案【一】（2024年·北京卷）阅读《茅屋为秋风所破歌》，完成1～2题。

（共5分）茅屋为秋风所破歌杜甫八月秋高风怒号，卷我屋上三重茅。

茅飞渡江洒江郊，高者挂胃长林梢，下者飘转沉塘坳。

南村群童欺我老无力，忍能对面为盗贼。

公然抱茅入竹去，唇焦口燥呼不得，归来倚杖自叹息。

俄顷风定云墨色，秋天漠漠向昏黑。

布衾多年冷似铁，娇儿恶卧踏里裂。

床头屋漏无干处，雨脚如麻未断绝。

自经丧乱少睡眠，长夜沾湿何由彻！安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜！风雨不动安如山。

呜呼！何时眼前突兀见此屋，吾庐独破受冻死亦足！1．根据你的理解，在下面横线上填写恰当的内容。

（2分）诗人描述自己的遭际，将自然环境与生活情景的描写相结合。

远看，风卷屋茅，四散飘落；近看，①，穿竹林而去；屋内是破旧的“布衾”、睡相不好的“娇儿”和连绵的②。

2．诗人写被秋风卷走的屋茅用了“三重”，写自己期待的“广厦”用了“千万间”。

其中的“三”和“千万”都不是确定的数量，而是言其多。

说说这样的用词蕴含作者怎样的思想感情。

（3分）【二】（2024年·福建卷）阅读下面的唐诗，完成3～4题。

（7分）发渝州却寄韦判官司空曙红烛津亭夜见君，繁弦急管两纷纷。

平明分手空江转，惟有猿声满水云。

3．这是一首赠别诗，请写出分别的时间、地点和赠别的对象。

（3分）4．分别前后诗人的情感有明显变化，请简要概括。

（4分）【三】（2024年·甘肃白银卷）古诗阅读（5分）戏问花门酒家翁●岑参老人七十仍沽①酒，千壶百瓮花门②口。

道旁榆荚巧似钱，摘来沽酒君肯否？【注释】①沽：买或卖。

首句的“沽”是卖的意思，末句的“沽”是买的意思。

【英语】中考英语英语阅读理解汇编试题类型及其解题技巧及解析一、中考英语阅读理解汇编1．阅读理解For thousands of years, humans have explored（探索）the Earth. Nowadays, we are exploring space. Astronomers （天文学家） are the modern﹣day explorers, Now, many astronomers are looking for new planets and new places for humans to live in the future. But where do astronomers start looking？First of all, astronomers look for a star. That's because our own Earth moves around a star （the Sun）. More importantly, it is the correct distance（距离） from the Sun for heat and light. So when astronomers have found the star, they look at the planets around it. In recent years, astronomers have found nearly 400 new planets with stars. However, many of these planets are either too near to the star or too far away.However, if the planet is in a good position, astronomers look for three key things: water, air and rock. Water is important because all life needs water. Humans can drink it and they can also grow plants with water. And plants produce air for humans to breathe and food to eat. Rock on a planet is also important. That's because there is often water under the rock.After many years of scrutinizing, astronomers have found a planet that is similar to the Earth. It's Gliese 581g and it's near a star. The astronomers think it has water and rock and the average （平均的） temperature is between -31℃ and -12℃.That's cold, but not colder than Antarctica or the Arctic Circle, for example. Gliese 581g is bigger than the Earth. A year on Gliese 581g is only 37 Earth days instead of 365. But astronomers do not think these are big differences and some of them think Gliese 581g will be a new Earth. However, Gliese 58Ig is twenty light years from the Earth.（1）What do astronomers have to find first before starting to look for a new place for humans to live？A. new star.B. A new planet.C. Some heat.D. Some light.（2）What does the rock on a planet tell us？A. The star is in a right position.B. We may discover water under it.C. The planet is too near to the Sun.D. There can be air around the rock.（3）What does the underlined word "scrutinizing" mean in the last paragraph？A. discussing.B. waiting.C. looking.D. traveling.（4）What's the main idea of the text？A. Gliese 581g is already a new Earth.B. There are planets similar to our Earth.C. Water, air and rock are important.D. Astronomers are looking for a new Earth.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述了天文学家寻找新的和地球一样的星球。

分析细节描写及其作用xxx考点解读细节描写是指抓住生活中的细微而具体的典型情节，加以生动细致的描绘。

它具体渗透在对人物、景物或场面描写之中，能细致生动地展示人物精神世界，折射广阔的生活画面， 表现深刻的社会主题。

分析细节描写及其作用，是中考常见考点之一。

常见的考查形式为：①画线句子用了什么描写方法？有什么作用？②作者在文中为什么反复写××这一细节？请简要回答。

③文章多次出现××细节描写，试分析其作用。

④文中画线处的细节描写表现了人物怎样的内心世界？⑤文中××细节描写对故事情节的发展和人物形象的塑造有什么作用？01 典型例题吴敬梓《范进中举》（部编版九上）“积累拓展”四：小说善用细节描写来刻画人物形象。

试分析下列文字中的细节描写，体会其表达效果：范举人先走，屠户和邻居跟在后面，屠户见女婿衣裳后襟滚皱了许多，一路低着头替他扯了几十回。

答：作者以漫画式的写法，通过“胡屠户替女婿扯衣裳后襟”这一动作细节描写，生动地表现了胡屠户对中举后的范进的态度，再现了他前倨后恭、极尽讨好巴结之能事的市侩嘴脸，可鄙可憎。

找出莫泊桑《我的叔叔于勒》（部编版九上）中两处景物描写的句子，体会其表达作用。

（1）我们上了轮船，离开栈桥，在一片平静得好似绿色大理石桌面的海上驶向远方。

（2）在我们面前，天边远处仿佛有一片紫色的阴影从海里钻出来。

那就是哲尔赛岛了。

答：这是小说两处景物细节描写。

前者描写海上的环境，色彩明丽，烘托了人物欢快的心情。

后者烘托了人物失望、沮丧的心情，与刚上船时的心情形成鲜明对比。

“紫色的阴影”，语义双关，既实指哲尔赛岛，也象征蒙在菲利普夫妇心头的阴影。

02 答题模板题型：细节描写的作用交代故事发生的时间、地点及人物活动的空间，渲染××环境气氛、烘托人物的××情感、预示人物的××命运、表现人物××性格、推动故事情节的发展；揭示文章主题。

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编1．阅读表格，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A. a news reportB. a comic stripC. a posterD. a notice （2）What are the kids mainly talking about?A. The directionB. The seasonsC. The mapD. The leaves（3）In the pictures, it is now most probably ________.A. springB. summerC. autumnD. winter【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C【解析】【分析】主要讲了三个孩子通过看落叶来谈论南北。

（1）细节题，根据图片内容可知是连环画，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据NORTH IS UP AND SOUTH IS DOWN上北下南，可知他们在谈论方向，故选A。

（3）细节题。

根据THEY'RE FLYING SOUTH FOR THE WINTER！树叶正在飞向南为了过冬，可知是秋天，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

2．阅读短文，判断正误。

My interest in cooking started when I was 11, partly thanks to my mother. She didn't really like cooking and when she did cook. I didn't like her food. Once I was watching something about cooking on TV and I thought I could do this, so I went to the bookstore and looked for the biggest cookbook I could find.During a year, I had made most of its recipes （食谱） and was ready for a bigger challenger （挑战）. I wanted to create my own dishes and I started cooking for more people than just my family. To my happiness, my parents allowed me to build a test kitchen. I did much cooking test my dishes in it and my skill became better and better. Now as a teen chef （主厨）. I have cooked in top-class restaurants around the country. I am not doing it for money, but because I love cooking.Now I know that when you stop caring whether you will be famous or do well, your happiness will come to you.（1）The writer liked his mother's food when he was a child（2）The writer's parents allowed him to build a test Kitchen（3）The writer's mother taught him how to cook.（4）Now the writer is a famous chef around the word.（5）The writer is not cooking for money【答案】（1）0（2）1（3）0（4）0（5）1【解析】【分析】大意：作者由于不喜欢他妈妈做的菜，于是自学厨艺，最后成为全国知名主厨的故事。

2024年中考语文真题汇编专题11 小说阅读（2024·重庆·中考真题）阅读下面的文学类文本，完成下面小题。

永远的雪域高原乔正芳①那天下午，天气好得出奇。

夹杂着黑丝的绯红色云朵，似乎要把西天点燃。

看得久了，便感觉目迷神摇。

②连长站在山坡上。

马上就要转业了，这雪原、边界、哨卡，他有太多的留恋和不舍。

战士小洪默默地站在他身边。

③连长注视着前方，似自言自语：“我来和老班长告个别。

”小洪知道老班长是连长心里永远的痛。

那是连长刚来雪原不久，一次和老班长巡逻，不慎摔下悬崖，又恰逢雪崩，老班长为了救他被永远地埋在了雪原……④小洪想起他刚来雪原时，由于水土不服病倒了。

那天，连长偷偷塞给他一个苹果，要知道，在零下三十摄氏度的雪原上，一个新鲜的苹果对于他们意味着什么。

小洪吃完，顿觉神清气爽，病似好了大半。

这时，听到门外巍巍的哭声：“我的苹果呢？谁偷了我的苹果？”原来，连长家嫂子带着六岁的儿子巍巍来雪原探亲，嫂子历经千辛万苦带来一袋苹果，给见到的战士每人一个，最后一个留给了巍巍。

⑤连长看起来有些低落。

小洪抬起头，忽见大团的红云已变成灰云，滚动着汹汹而来。

眨眼功夫，狂风裹挟着暴雪似千万条巨鞭狠狠抽来。

连长一把搂住小洪，猛一侧身，靠在了一块巨石上。

只觉耳边山呼海啸、地动天摇，世界正被一只看不见的巨手疯狂撕扯、摇撼……⑥也不知过了多久，他们睁开眼睛，茫茫雪海中，二人渺小如蚁。

⑦“连长，我们还能回去吗？”小洪快哭了。

⑧“能！当然能！”连长笑着说，“我当兵二十三年了，什么危险没见过！等天亮了，部队一定会来救我们的。

”⑨看着连长胸有成竹的样子，小洪点点头。

⑩时间在慢慢熬着，也不知几点几分了。

⑪棉大衣被冷气穿透了，裹在身上像层铁皮。

小洪手脚麻木，茫然四望，看着因长期在高原生活而心脏早已出问题的连长，心一点点沉下去……⑫连长掏出一支烟，哆嗦着手点燃，递给小洪。

平时，连长是不允许他们抽烟的。

过了会儿，连长又掏出一颗糖，想塞到小洪嘴里。

2024年中考语文真题汇编复习专题17 非连续性文本阅读（2024·北京·中考真题）阅读下面的材料，完成下面小题。

材料一计算机和网络技术的普及给使用汉字写作带来了便利，却对汉字书写提出了挑战。

这是因为计算机输入只要求辨识、选用汉字，而汉字书写还要求笔画正确、结构完整。

近年来，国家通用语言文字的规范使用越来越受到重视，汉字书写是国家通用语言文字使用的重要方面。

语文课程应引导学生热爱国家通用语言文字，语文教学要指导学生写好汉字。

材料二心理学上有一种现象，被称为“几乎有了”：很多人想问题或写字的时候，问题的答案、要书写的字形出现在自己的头脑里，一闪而过，但又没有抓住。

有时候，人们拿起笔写字，虽然对某个字或词有似曾相识的感觉，但就是无法正确地写出来。

这种现象在汉字书写中更为明显。

汉字系统中，很多形声字的字形相近，如“朱”字与不同的偏旁组合，可以组合成“株”“珠”“铢”等。

有些指事字仅是个别笔画的位置不同，如“本”“末”，都是在“木”字的基础上添加一笔，添加的位置不同，意思也就不同。

把握汉字的结构特点，能够在一定程度上规避“几乎有了”的现象。

材料三人类的记忆可分为瞬时记忆、短时记忆和长时记忆。

准确识记、正确书写汉字，需要将对汉字的短时记忆转化为长时记忆。

根据研究，初次学习之后，间隔性地重复学习有助于短时记忆向长时记忆转化。

时间间隔和记忆保持数量的关系如表所示。

表时间间隔和记忆保持数量的关系根据记忆保持的规律，合理安排复习的时间间隔，能够提高汉字识记、书写的准确度。

多写、多看都是复习汉字的有效方法。

但研究表明：手写汉字比注视汉字更有利于准确识记汉字；在汉字识记方面，手写笔记的学生往往比用键盘打字的学生更具优势。

1．根据以上三则材料，下列说法不符合文意的一项是（）A．计算机和网络技术的普及，对汉字书写提出了挑战。

B．“几乎有了”的现象表明字形相近的形声字容易被区分。

C．表1显示，距初次学习后的时间间隔短，记忆保持数量多。

2024年中考语文真题汇编复习专题16 议论文、说明文阅读（2024·北京·中考真题）阅读下面的文章，完成下面小题。

①党的二十大报告指出，要“全面提高人才自主培养质量，着力造就拔尖创新人才”。

这就为我们新时代人才培养工作指明了方向。

努力培养、造就更多一流科技领军人才和创新团队，打造卓越工程师和高技能人才，迅速发展、壮大国家战略人才队伍，已成为我国实施高水平科技自立自强战略的重要任务。

因此，我们应。

②究竟什么是“拔尖创新人才”？所谓“尖”，即在从事的领域，有开阔的学术视野、高水平的业务素养和技能，能够占据前沿领军地位；所谓“新”，是指能够创造新知识、开拓新领域、发明新技术。

这样的人才，能够在引领科技创新、产业发展方向上发挥关键作用，服务国家重大战略的需要。

③作为拔尖创新人才，还必须有强烈的家国情怀和责任担当意识，要以时代、国家需要为己任，勇于担当。

正如七十多年前，钱学森、邓稼先等一批科学家，以国家利益为先，毅然放弃国外优越的工作生活条件，回到祖国，在极度艰苦的条件下，为我国成功研制原子弹、氢弹和新型核武器做出了重大贡献。

正是这样一批具有高尚爱国情怀、强烈担当意识的顶尖人才，勇敢地担起了强国的时代重任，在国家发展和建设中发挥了巨大作用。

新时代的拔尖创新人才，也应该像钱学森、邓稼先等科学家那样肩负起国家和时代使命。

④培养拔尖创新人才，要明确自主创新这一培养方向。

当今世界，知识创新、技术创新已成为国际竞争的核心。

自主创新能力是拔尖创新人才培养的重中之重。

提高自主创新能力，掌握大量自主知识产权，催生新产业、新模式、新动能，提升国家核心竞争力，才能开辟新领域、新赛道。

我国自主开展的5G技术研究，从标准引领到应用规模化发展，从技术突破到与人工智能等新一代信息技术的深度融合，一直处于国际领先地位。

这项研究已成为“产业数字化”的重要基础，在国际上赢得了机遇和发展空间，取得了巨大的社会、经济效益，证实了自主创新能力的重要性。