6 sigma 资料-利于Minitab 制图-基础统计和图标

number of data points.
用正常曲线创建柱状图
Creating a Histogram with a Normal Curve
数据组中趋势的测量
Measures of Center of Data Central Tendency
• 平均值 Mean:
一组数值的算术平均值
Arithmetic average of a set of values
Use the column “Car Wash Time” as the variable.
柱状图分布
Histogram Distribution
想象同样的数据,按一定间隔分组，每组的高度是落入组间的数据点次 数。Now imagine the same data, grouped into “intervals” with the number of times that a
21/06/2004
(Use as required)
Redesign
29/06/2004 VOC/VOB
29/06/2004 Requirements
Analysis
05/07/2004 Process Redesign
09/07/2004
09/07/2004
19/07/2004
Solution Design Redesign map is calculated separately with no dependencies on other block dates
Medians Tests
Multiple Regression
Y Data Continuous Discrete
Single Y
Y Data
Multiple Ys
多元的分析Multivariate Analysis
（注意：这不是多元偏差研究 ） (Note: This Is Not Multi-Vari Studies)
Training/Process
Owner Sign-off
31/05/2004
Final Capability Study
Final FMEA Revised RPN
MBB Review
Final Project Presentation &
Report
Project Sign-off & Closure
统计
Statistical Distributions
• 我们可以通过绘制同一的参数多个数据点来描述任何流程或系统 的表现
We can describe the behavior of any process or system by plotting multiple data points for the
• 反映所有数值的影响 Reflects the influence of all values
• 极端数值强烈影响
Strongly Influenced by extreme values
• 中位数
Median:
反映50%等级 - 在一组编号被排序了之后的中心数
n
x n 1
n
x n
Reflects the 50%rank - the center number after a set of numbers has been sorted
Continuous Data (Decimal subdivisions are meaningful)
• 时间（秒）
Time (seconds)
• 压力（PSI）
Pressure (psi)
• 传动速度 （米/分钟）
Conveyor Speed (m/min)
• 厚度（毫米）
Thickness (mm)
选择统计技术
Selecting Statistical Techniques
(第2星期主题）
（Week 2 Topics)
X Data
单一的Single X
多个Multiple Xs
Y Data Continuous Discrete
X Data
Discrete
Continuous
Chi-Square
基础统计和图表 Basic Stats and Graphs
目的
Objectives
• 介绍有关概念包括 Introduce the concepts of
• 形状 • 中心 • 分布离散程度
Shape, Center, and Spread of distributions
• 学习正态分布 Learn about the Normal distribution
最后,我们可以看到数据的平滑分布（蓝线）， 在这个例子使用”正态分布 “假设 （我们将呆会讨论）。如果我们收集无限数量的数据点，它就给我
们这个数据可能看起来的近似值。 Finally, we can view the data as a smoothed
distribution (blue line), in this example using the “normal distribution” assumption (we’ll discuss this later). It provides an approximation of how the data might look if we were to collect an infinite
• 数据离散程度的测量 Measures of the Spread of Data
• 极差
Range
• 方差
Variance
• 标准差
Standard Deviation
• 数据形状的测量Measures of the Shape of the Data
• 正态分布
Normal Distribution
MSA
Data Collection Plan for Key "Xs"
MBB Review
Measure
21/01/2004
04/02/2004
11/02/2004
25/02/2004
09/03/2004
09/03/2004
09/03/2004
Initial Capability Study
Analyze
Project Tracker
Project Hopper and Sponsor Role
Revisite:
Review 6 Sigma Databases
for like projects
Data Collection Plan for "Y"
Develop Project Schedule
• 应用Minitab 和图解技术做数据分析
Apply Minitab and graphical techniques for data analysis
• 首先看数据采集Take a first look at Data Mining
• 介绍图解分析 Introduce graphical analysis
建立点描述
Creating a Dotplot
打开文件017 Basic Stats and Graphs.MPJ, 用工 作表-洗车。
Open file 017 Basic Stats and Graphs.MPJ, use worksheet Car Wash .
使用列“洗车时间” 作为方差。
Multi-Vari
Improvements Defined
MBB Review
Contract Approval
22/03/2004 Single or Multi
Factor Tests (DOE)
15/04/2004
Improvements Implemented
Improve
15/04/2004 MBB Review
Logistic Regression
X Data
Discrete
Continuous
Multiple Logistic Regression
Multiple Logistic Regression
ANOVA Means/ Medians Tests
Regression
2, 3, 4 way... ANOVA
Imagine a car wash process which is producing a result measured in minutes. The actual result is measured for 150 different cars and plotted above. Each dot represents one “event” of output at a given value. As the dots accumulate, the nature of the actual performance of the process can be seen as a “distribution” of values.
21/01/2004
Launch Charter
Project Type Improvement
Define
Identify 'Y" and draft charter
Charter Approved
Process Map
C & E Matrix or FTA
30 Day MBB Review
Preliminary FMEA or FTA
Enter Start Date Here
基本统计主题