专题三 形容词和副词

三年（2024-2025）年高考真题分项汇编专题03 形容词和副词一、2024年高考真题1.【2024·江苏卷·单项填空】28.Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ___________ options to exercise.A. casualB. regularC. flexibleD. tight【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。

句意：不像传统的体育熬炼，有app软件的体育熬炼供应了敏捷的熬炼选项。

A. casual偶然的，随意的；B. regular定期的，有规律的；C. flexible敏捷的；D. tight紧的，密封的。

故选C。

2.【2024·新课标I卷·语法填空】It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.【答案】poorly【解析】考查副词用法。

依据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为“探讨很少”。

故填poorly。

3.【2024·新课标II卷·语法填空】Her years of hard work have ___63___(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.【答案】finally【解析】考查副词用法。

专题03 形容词和副词定义：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词，叫形容词。

考点一、形容词的作用，见下表：注意：1.形容词用来修饰something, anything, nothing等不定代词，要放在这些词的后面。

例如：You'd better tell us something interesting.2.形容词名词化：有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词，表示一类人，谓语常用复数。

这类词有：rich; good; young (表示人种等)。

例如：The young should take good care of the old.3.else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。

如：Did you see anybody else?4.大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。

如:He is careful. He drives carefully.考点二、副词及其用法副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。

副词的位置多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面。

如：He runs slowly.时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末。

如：They went to the park yesterday morning.I heard him sing English songs over there.频度副词一般放在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后，实义动词之前。

如：He is seldom ill.You must always remember this.I often write to my parents.程度副词修饰动词时，与频度副词相同，修饰形容词和副词时，放在它所修饰的词前面。

如：I nearly missed the bus.否定副词一般放在动词之前、系动词be或助动词之后。

如：She seldom goes out at night.I am never late for school.疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首。

专题03 形容词和副词——备战2023年高考英语考试易错题技巧1 记住去掉最后一个字母e的场合1. Landing on the moon’s far side is ___________ (extreme) challenging.【解析】形容词变副词，绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly 例如：wise - wisely;polite -politely; absolute - absolutely; complete -completely; entire - entirely【答案】extremely形容词变副词的规则：1.在形容词词尾直接加-ly。

如:real-really; helpful-helpfully; careful-carefully; hopeful-hopefully; slow-slowly; quick-quickly; quiet-quietly polite-politely, wide-widely2.以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-ly。

如:busy-busily; angry-angrily; easy-easily; happy-happily; heavy-heavily; noisy----noisily; healthy----healthily; 3以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e,然后再加-y。

如: true-truly；4.以le 结尾的形容词，去e 加y 变成副词。

如:terrible-terribly;gentle-gently;possible-possibly;probable—probably; responsible—responsibly ; comfortable-comfortably; gentle----gently; simple----simply5.另外,副词还可以由形容词加前缀a-得来。

如:loud (adj.)-aloud (adv.)1. 1.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷) As the small boat moved ________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.2. 2.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷) Her years of hard work have ______ (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominatedher to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.技巧2 熟记形容词和副词的比较级的常用句型情况一遇到与than连用，要想到用比较级1.(全国卷Ⅰ)Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is ____________(clean) than ever.【解析】cleaner根据后面的than可知此处要用比较级【答案】cleaner2.After a few months, we all felt that we had been able to build much ____________(strong) relationships with the family than we had before.【解析】stronger根据句中的比较级标志词than可知，本句应用比较级，表示几个月后的情况与之前的情况进行比较，much用于修饰比较级。

专题三形容词与副词——形容词一、形容词的基本用法1、什么是形容词？说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态，常用来修饰名词或不定代词的词。

2、怎么用形容词？形容词可以在句子中做定语、表语和宾语补足语。

作定语时，放在名词之前，不定代词之后；如：That beautiful woman is our teacher.I have something important to tell you.作表语时，放在系动词之后；如：You look very happy.Jessica is very kind.（表语）= Jessica is a kind teacher.（定语）<注>英语中有些形容词只能作表语，如：alone“单独的，独自的”,afraid“害怕的”, asleep “睡着的”, awake“醒着的”, alive“活着的”,well“好的，健康的”等。

做宾补时，放在宾语之后；如：You must keep your eyes closed.“你必须闭着眼睛。

”The news made my mother very excited.“这个消息让我妈妈激动万分。

”Please leave the window open.“请开着窗吧。

”<注>常用形容词做宾补的动词有，make, keep, leave等3、重点和难点（1）多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时，它们的排列顺序：“美小圆旧黄法国木梳房”限定词（冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、所有格等）+数量词（序数词在前，基数词在后）+观点描绘性形容词+大小、长短、高低及形状+新旧、年龄+颜色+国籍+材料+被修饰名词the first beautiful little white Chinese stone bridge 那第一座美丽的中国小白石桥two round blue plastic plates两个蓝色的圆形塑料盘（2）-ing形容词与-ed形容词意义与用法区别-ing形容词多指事物对人的影响，一般修饰事物；-ed形容词多指人对事物的感受，一般主语是人，常用在“sb.+be+-ed形容词+介词”的结构中。

专题三介词、并列连词、形容词与副词语法项目(一)介词[主干知识·自主发散]一、介词二、动词短语中的介词1．动词＋介词account for act as adapt toadd up add to adjust toagree with agree to agree onaim at appeal to approve ofbelong to benefit from break downbreak off break into break throughburst into call for care aboutcare for carry on concentrate onconsist of date from deal withdepend on do with dream ofenter for exchange ...for feed onfocus on insist on know oflearn from listen to long forlook after look for look intoobject to refer to result fromresult in run into send forstand for stick to succeed insuffer from think about turn to2．动词＋副词＋介词add up to break away from catch up withcome up with date back to do well inget down to get on with look down uponlook forward to team up with3．动词＋名词＋介词catch sight of do harm to have an effect onlose sight of make fun of make room formake sentence with make use of pay attention toplay a part in play a role in play a trick onset an example to show interest in show respect fortake a message for take advantage of take care oftake notice of take part in take the place of[真题集训·全握题点]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界)______ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.解析：as此处指作为一种抵抗心脏病的方法。