专题三形容词与副词——副词
一、副词的基本用法
1、什么是副词？
（1）定义：副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，在句子中作状语或表语的一类词。
（2）分类：时间副词（now, today, early, sometimes, already等）；地点副词（outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home等）；方式副词（quickly, loudly, suddenly, fast, luckily等）；
程度副词（very, quite, rather, too, much, so等）；疑问副词（when, where, why, how, how long, how often等）；关系副词（when, where, why, how等）
2、怎么用副词？
（1）用法：
时间副词——确定句子时态的重要标志，牢固掌握不同时态的时间状语。如：
Lucy went to school yesterday.（一般过去时时间状语）
She has already arrived there.（现在完成时时间状语）
地点副词——与动词连用时不加介词。如：
I must go home now.（不是go to home）That boy rushed upstairs.（不是rushed to upstairs）方式副词——大多数由“形容词+ly”构成。（构词法）如：
happy—happily bad—badly quick—quickly easy—easily
程度副词——有些程度副词可以修饰形容词原级，有些能修饰形容词比较级。如：Jessica is a very beautiful woman. This bag is much better than that one.
疑问副词——用来构成特殊疑问句。如：
When is your mother’s birthday? Where is your home?
关系副词——用来引导从句，如：He works in a bank where there is no money.
（2）位置：
地点副词、时间副词和方式副词一般放句末。如：
I will wait for you here. Can you meet me tomorrow? Please speak loudly.
<注>当强调时间状语时，可以把时间副词放在句首。如：
Tomorrow I will meet you.
程度副词修饰动词时，放在be动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实动词之前。如：
She is too young. I really like that boy.
修饰形容词、副词时，放在被修饰词前面。如：
Harbin is a very big city.（修饰形容词）He studies much harder now. （修饰副词）<注>只有enough特殊，放在被修饰的形容词或副词之后。如：
He runs fast enough.
（3）形近副词辨析
★close & closely
close“接近”closely“仔细地”
He is sitting close to me.“他挨着我坐着。”I watch him closely.“我仔细地打量他。”
★late & lately
late“晚”lately“最近”
Don’t go to school too late.“上学别太晚了。”
Is there anything new lately?“最近有什么新消息么？”
★deep & deeply
deep“深”表示空间深度；deeply“深深地”表示感情上的深度。
The boy went deep into the forest.“那个男孩走进了丛林深处。”
I love you deeply.“我深深的爱着你。”
★high & highly
high“高”表示空间上的高度；highly“高”表示程度，相当于much。
The plane was flying high.“飞机飞得高。”
I think highly of your opinion.“我仔细考虑你的观点。”
★wide & widely
wide“宽”表示空间上的宽度；widely“广泛地”“在许多地方”表示抽象的含义。He opened the door wide.“他把门开大。”
English is widely used in the world.“英语在全世界被广泛的应用。”
★free & freely
free“免费”；freely“无限制地”
You can eat free in my restaurant.“你可以在我的餐厅免费用餐。”
You may speak freely.“你可以畅所欲言。”
★hard & hardly
hard“努力地，辛苦地，剧烈地，猛烈地”表示程度；hardly“几乎不”表示否定。We should study hard.“我们应该努力学习。”
I can hardly catch up with you.“我快跟不上你了。”
【习题讲解】
1. Come____ quickly. I have something interesting to tell you.
A. to here
B. up to here
C. here
D. into here
2. How ___ the girls are playing!
A. happy
B. happier
C. happily
D. happily
3. The night was very ___, so he had to take off his shoes ___.
A. quiet; quietly
B. quite; quickly
C. late; quick
D. quite; quietly
4. We have been to the China Folk Culture Villages ____.
A. lately
B. late
C. latest
D. last
5. He got back ____ at four.
A. to home
B. at home
C. his home
D. home
6. Pass my glasses to me, Jack, I can read the word in the newspaper.
A. hardly
B. really
C. rather
D. almost
7. Don’t worry, sir. I’m sure I can run to catch up with them.
A. fast enough
B. enough fast
C. slowly enough
D. enough slowly
8. —English is too difficult for me. I can’t learn it well.
—Don’t give up. Nothing is difficult if you work hard.
A. seldom
B. never
C. always
D. usually
9. Will you please speak ? I’m afraid I can’t follow you.
A. loudly
B. pleasantly
C. slowly
D. easily
10. Alice eats meat so that she can keep herself from getting too fat.
A. rarely
B. always
C. nearly
D. carefully
