2020-11-22 构词法公开课
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构词法课件初中篇1:构词法课件初中构词法课件初中学习目标:1. 了解英语单词的三大构词法重点学习合成法;派生法转化法2. 学习重难点:学习合成法;派生法转化法学习过程:1. 英语构词法之一:合成法利用复合法构成的单词,是由两个各自本身有意思的词,组合在一起,拥有一个新的意思。
例如:classmate(同班同学)= class(班级) + mate(同伴)类似的`单词还有许多,根据这个方法可以让自学单词:同事workmate 校友schoolmate 同桌deskmate 合成名词的构成方法1.动词+副词get-together 聚会2.副词+动词ine 收入output 产量,输出3.名词+名词apple tree 苹果树boy student 男生woman doctor合成形容词的构成方法1.形容词+名词-ed warm-hearted 热情的kind-made 手工的left-handed 左手的2.名词+过去分词man-made 人造的hand-made 手工的water-covered 被水覆盖的3.副词+过去分词well-known 著名的highly-developed 高度发展的4.形容词+现在分词good-looking 漂亮的easy-going 随和的5. 副词+现在分词hard-working 辛劳的2.英语构词法之二:派生法形象地说“派生法”就是从一个单词引申出另外一个新词。
学生也会发现许多单词加一些词缀就成了另一个词,什么叫词缀呢?1.前缀除少数英语前缀外,前缀一般改变单词的意义,不改变词性;英语后缀一般改变词类,而不引起词义的变化2.后缀后缀通常会改变单词的词性,构成意义相近的其他词性;少数后缀还会改变词义,变为与原来词义相反的新词。
3.英语构词法之三:转化法转化法,顾名思义,就是把单词的一种词性转化成另一种词性。
这样的单词在英语里有许多许多。
因为单词本身的组成没有改变,只是词性进行改变,记忆起来更加容易。
Word Formation构词法Time:March 18, 2022Place:Class One, Senior TwoPresenter:Hu PingnanSubject:Word FormationTeaching aim:Help Ss learn the usage of word formation. Teaching difficult points:Let Ss master the usage of DerivationStep 1 Lead-in一、英语饶口令1. Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.2. Can you can a can as a canner can can a can ?3. I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish, but if you wish the wish the witch wishes, I won't wish the wish you wish to wish.二、猜猜下列网络流行语的意思1.disclose o ne’s secret2. Microblog3. It's all floating cloud.4. overseas returnee5. Whether you believe it or not, I am convinced.6.envious, jealous and hateful7.time-travel TV drama8.group purchasing9. ant-like graduates10. a tear-inducing misery11. daddy-is-the-key12. leftover ladies13. in shock /shock sb14. keep calm /calm down三、构词法主要类型派生法(Derivation)able →unable; teach→teacher 构合成法(Compounding)space+ship →spaceship词转化法(Conversion)visit v. →visit n.法缩略法(Abbreviation)Do it yourself. →DIYStep 2 合成词Compound一.合成名词例词:构成方式seafood 名词/代词+名词greenhouse 形容词+名词handwriting 名词+动名词(V-ing)waiting – room 动名词+名词pain – killer 名词+动词(er/or) pickpocket 动词+名词turn – off 动词+副词output 副词+动词afternoon 介词/副词+名词二.合成动词overcome 副词+动词whitewash 形容词+动词sleepwalk; 名词+动词三.合成形容词例词构成方式snow-white 名词+形容词English-speaking 名词+现在分词man-made 副词+过去分词high-class; 形容词+过去分词light-blue 形容词+形容词good-looking 形容词+现在分词warm-hearted 形容词+名词+edsecond-hand 数词+名词hard-working 副词+现在分词well-known 副词+过去分词underground 介词+名词四、合成副词however 副词+副词anywhere; whatever 代词+副词downstairs; upstairs 副词+名词anyway 形容词+名词五.合成代词something; everything; nobody; someone; anybody构成方式:some/any/no+thing/one/bodyStep 3 转化法(Conversion)taste v._______ It tastes very good.n. _______ It has a good taste.hand n. _______ We always walk hand in hand.v. _______ Please hand me the book.wrong adj. _______There is something wrong with the car.n. _______ He didn’t know the dif ference between right and wrong . clean adj. _______Please keep tidy and clean.v. _______You have to clean the blackboard after class.指出下列划下线单词的词性1. Jim dreams of being the best football player in England.2. Please stop here, and it is the bus stop3. The coach was questioning the team members about their practice conditions4. Who’s guarding that building?5. The car slowed down to half its speed6. Don’t use too cold water to water flowers7. The old in our village are living a happy life.Step 4 派生法Derivation前缀否定前缀派其它前缀生名词后缀法后缀形容词后缀副词后缀动词后缀表示否定和相反意义的前缀有:_____________________________________________________________. 前缀例子un- unhappy(不高兴)unlock(开锁)dis- dislike(不喜欢)disagree(不允许)im- impossible(不可能的)improper(不合适的)in- informal(非正式的)incorrect(不正确的)ir- irregular(不规则的)irrelevant(不相关的)il- illegal(不合法的)illogical(不合理的)表示其他意思的前缀前缀意义例子re- 重新,再次regain(再次获得)reform(改革)mis- 错误的misunderstand(误解)mislead(误导)anti- 反、防anti-tank(反坦克的)anti-social(危害社会的)ex- 前ex-president(前总统)ex-wife (前妻)pre- 预先preview(预习)predict (预言、预测)post- 之后的post-war(战后的)postgraduate(研究生)fore- 之前的forecast(预报)foresee(预见)super- 超级;上层supermarket(超市)superman(超人)sub- 下面的;亚、subway(地下铁道)subtitle(副标题)次inter- 之间的,互相interact(相互作用)international(国际的)前缀意义例子trans- 跨越;移transport(运输)translate(翻译)semi- 半semi-final(半决赛)semiconductor(半导体)vice- 副vice-premier(副总理)vice-chairman(副主席)uni- 单uniform(征服)unicycle(单轮车)bi- 双bicycle(自行车)bimonthly(双月的)multi- 多multinational(多国的)multicolor(多色的)auto- 自动,自主automation(自动化)automobile(汽车)后缀法1. 名词后缀1)构成表示人或者物的名词的常用后缀有:____________________________________________________________________________.后缀例子-or/er thinker(思想家)builder(建设者)translator(翻译者)-ist physicist(物理学家)dentist(牙科医生)typist(打字员)-ee employee(雇员)trainee (受训人员)interviewee(被采访者)-(i)an physician(内科医生)Italian (意大利人)American(美国人)-ese Chinese (中国人)Japanese(日本人)Vietnamese(越南人)-ant assistant(助手)contestant(竞争者)servant(仆人)2) 构成表示行为、性质、状态等抽象名词的常用后缀有:____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________.后缀例子-al arrival(到达)refusal(拒绝)survival(幸存)-ance/-ence acceptance(接受)assistance (匡助)dependence(依靠)-tion/-sion discussion(讨论)preparation(准备)repetition (重复)-ics physics (物理学)economics(经济学)politics (政治学)-ing building (建造物)wedding (婚礼)learning (学习,学问)-ty reality (现实)ability (能力)difficulty(艰难)-ment argument (争论)settlement(解决)establishment(建立)-ness greatness (伟大)hardness (硬度)kindness(善良)-th warmth (温暖)length (长度)growth(成长)-ure failure (失败)pressure (压力)mixture (混合物)-ship friendship(友谊)leadership(领导)relationship(关系)2.构成形容词的常用后缀有:____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________后缀例子-able/-ible suitable(适合的)responsible(负责的)acceptable(可接受的)-al natural(天然的)national(国家的)personal (个人的)-ful powerful(强大faithful(忠诚的)colorful (多彩的)的)-less fearless(无畏的)useless(无用的)helpless (无助的)后缀例子-ish selfish(自私的)childish(幼稚的)bookish (书呆子气的)-ive collective(集体的)decisive(决定性的)native (本国的)delicious (可口的)-ous famous(著名的)continuous(连续不断的)scientific(科学的)electronic (电子的)-ic historic(有历史意义的)-ly friendly(友好的)lively(活泼的)lovely (可爱的)-(t)y thirsty(口渴的)noisy(喧闹的)healthy (健康的)-ent/-ant pleasant(令人愉快的)dependent(依赖的)different (不同的)-ary secondary(次要的)imaginary(想象中的)ordinary (普通的)-en golden(金色的)wooden(木制的)woolen (毛纺的)3. 构成副词的常用后缀有:___________________________________________________。