【公开课】高中英语：构词法

boy. John’s father said he was angry at his son’s dishonesty［11］, which would certainly endanger ［12］ his future. His father’s nonstop［13］ nonsense caused John much discomfort［14］.
15. He devoted much money to building schools in _m_o_u_n_t_a_i_n_o_u_s_(mountain) areas.
16. Unfortunately, my car broke down on a _m__u_d_d_y_ (mud) road.
21. We a_p__o_lo_g_i_z_ed_ (apology) for the late departure of this flight.
22. The article can _le_n_g_t_h_e_n__(long) out a little by adding some examples.
约翰坚持说他确实说了，但他父亲不听。从 此，约翰对父亲很不友善，这使他的父亲非 常不高兴。毫无疑问，约翰这样做是不明智 的。毕竟，他们是父子。他的父亲把他送去 上礼仪班以丰富他的礼仪知识，父亲认为这 样做会使他成为一个懂礼貌的男孩。约翰的 父亲说对于儿子的不诚实他感到很生气，他 的不诚实一定会危及他的未来。父亲不间断 的唠叨让约翰很不舒服。约翰不得不去上课。 此后，他总是和父亲对着干。
熟读深思
1. dis 表示“相反或否定”意义的前缀dis可以加在动 词的前面, approve赞同→disapprove不赞同, 2. mis 表示“错误或否定”意义的前缀mis 可以加在动 词的前面，understand理解→ misunderstand误解，
misunderstanding 3. mis 表示“糟糕或否定”意义的前缀mis可以加在动 词的前面, behave表现得体→misbehave 4. im 前缀im通常加在以字母p开头的形容词前，表示 “不、非”的意思， polite有礼貌的→impolite没礼貌 的，而同是表示“不、非”的前缀il常加在以字母l开头 的单词前；前缀ir则常加在以字母r
17. Everyone should play his part in
building a _h_a_r_m__o_n_i_o_u_s_(harmony) society.
18. The _m_y_s_t_e_r_i_o_u_s_(mystery) letter sent
from Taiwan made the professor lost in thought.
23. His illness w__o_r_s_en__ed__(worse) during the night.
24. Letting that animal escape was no accident; you did it _in_t_e_n_t_io_n_a_l_ly_(intention).
Undoubtedly［7］, it is unwise ［8］of John to do
so. After all, they are father and son. His father sent him to a class of manners to enrich［9］ his
knowledge of manners, which his father believed would enable［10］him to be a good-mannered
work.
3. Very early the next morning, amazingly, we got completely satisfied in a totally _u_n_e_x_p_e_c_te_d__(expect) way.
4. I won’t do the purchase because the price of this dress is _u_n_r_e_a_so_n__a_b_le_(reason).
1.(2011年)He must be _______(mental) disabled. 解析：修饰分词形容词disabled，作状语，用副 词形式，故填mentally。
3.(2010年)His teacher took a deep drink, smiled ________(warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. 解析：修饰谓语动词smiled，作状语，用副词形 式，故填warmly。
4.(2009年)But Jane knew from past experience that her _____(choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. 解析：在that引导的宾语从句中作主语应当用名 词，或者说，在形容词性物主代词后，一定是用 名词形式，故填choice。
5.(2008年)This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _______(nature) course. 解析：在名词course前作定语，要用形容词，故 填natural。
灵活运用
1. I was supposed to arrive at the airport
help.
13. He gave me some c_o_n_s_tr_u_c_t_i_v_e(construct) suggestions.
14. A jury’s decision in a court case must be absolutely _o_b_j_ec_t_i_v_e (object).
9. Fresh fruits and vegetables can provide much of our dailyr_e_q_u_i_rement (require).
10. It is your _fr_e_e_d_o_m__ (free) to do what you want after class.
John had to go to the class. Later on, he did
everything against his father’s will.
汉语译文：约翰和父亲总有分歧，他 们经常想法不一致，因为他们之间有一些 误会。一次，约翰和父母去姑姑家吃饭。 晚饭后当他们离开时，约翰小声对姑姑说 “再见!”然而，他的父亲没听到，他认为 约翰不懂规矩,不告而别是非常不礼貌的。
home for di,
John said “Bye-bye!” to his aunt in a low voice.
However, his father didn’t hear it and he thought John misbehaved［3］ himself for it was impolite［4］
7. However, most _s_c_ie_n__ti_s_t_s(science) agree
that EQ has a lot to do with ______e_ducation (educate).
8. Excellent oral and written c_o_m_m__u_n_i_c_a_tion (communicate) skills in Chinese and English are of _im__p_o_r_t_a_n_c_e_ (important).
2. 语法填空中必考词类转换。考查不同词 性在句中的不同用法，其中主要涉及以下 三条： ⑴ 在句中修饰动词、形容词、另一副词或 全句等作状语，用副词。
⑵ 在句中作定语、表语或补语，一般 用形容词。
⑶ 作主语、作及物动词或者介词的宾 语，用名词。
3.短文改错中也必考不同词性在句中的 不同用法。
近年广东高考真题：
19. To make myself _r_e_l_a_x_e_d__, I would do some _r_e_la_x_i_n_g__exercise after work. (relax)
20. All the children felt _d_i_s_c_o_u_r_a_g_ed when they heard the d__is_c_o_u_r_a_g_in_g_ news. (discourage)
构词法
熟读深思
John and his father never agree on one thing, so they often disapprove［1］of each other, for there was some misunderstanding［2］ between them.
Once, John and his parents went to his aunt’s
11. dis
dis可以
加在名词的前面，honesty诚实→dishonesty不诚
实。
12. en
en
“使……”的意思，danger危险 →endanger危及。
13. non
non
14. dis
dis可以
加在名词的前面，comfort舒服→discomfort不舒
服。
构词法与高考
1. 阅读理解中考纲词的派生词与合成词不 算生词，不用汉语注明。因此，熟练掌握 考纲词汇和常见的构词法，阅读这一关就 好突破了。
11. As is known to us all, the Entrance Exam
is a great ______c_o__m_p__e,tiatniodnthe students are ________c_o_m__p. e(ctoitmorpsete)