2022年中考英语真题- 专题02 冠词(全国通用)

冠词冠词知识精讲冠词是说明名词所表示的人或事物的一种虚词，置于名词之前，它不能离开名词而单独存在。

冠词的分类：不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词。

一、不定冠词1. 不定冠词的搭配：不定冠词有a和an两个，表示“一个”，“一类”或“一”，可以说是单数名词的帽子，用于单数名词之前。

2. 不定冠词的用法3. 不定冠词常用在某些固定词组中，如：a lot (of) 许多，大量 a little 一点儿 a few 一些，少数几个in a hurry 匆忙have a cold 感冒make a face 做鬼脸a number of许多 a pair of 一对have a good time过得愉快have a swim=swim have a walk=walk have a look=look have a talk=talk二、定冠词定冠词只包含一个“the”，用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。

区别于不定冠词，定冠词具有确定的意思，用以特指人或事物。

1. 定冠词的基本用法2. 定冠词的其他用法三、零冠词零冠词是指名词前面没有不定冠词( a/an )、定冠词( the )，也没有其他限定词的现象。

1. 零冠词的基本用法2. 不用冠词的其他情况三点剖析一、重难点：冠词是用在名词前起辅助作用的词，要注意冠词不会单独出现。

冠词用法比较复杂，一定要掌握不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词不同的使用情况。

二、易错点：1. 不定冠词a用在辅音音素前，而不是用在辅音字母前；an用在元音音素前，而不是用在元音字母前。

如：a European, a university, an hour, an honest boy。

2. 零冠词中，国名、人名前不加冠词，是指单纯词形式的词，如：England, America, Frank；不能是合成词，如：the United States of America。

3. 当由介词by加交通工具表达交通方式时，不加冠词（但是由动词take加交通工具时，则需要用冠词），例如：by bus=take a bus; by taxi=take a taxi。

专题02代词（原卷版）学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单项选择1．（2021·山东高考真题）—Amy, is this Jenny's bike?—Let me see. Oh, no. ________is red.A．She B．Hers.C．Her D．Herself 2．（2021·天津南开区·南开中学高三月考）One of the most important questions they had to consider was ___________ of public health.A．what B．that C．this D．which 3．（2021·黑龙江牡丹江市·牡丹江一中）— Which of the two films did you prefer?— Actually I didn’t like ______.A．either of them B．both of them C．none of them D．neither of them 4．（2021·天津高三期末）My close friends，after they heard about my experiences in South America，________ said it was totally out of their imagination.A．which B．themC．all D．who5．（2021·天津河东区·）I’m moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than in the city.A．ones B．one C．that D．those 6．（2021·天津高三一模）—It is said that Frank is very rich and is always changing his private cars . What is he?—________of a manager, I am not sure.A．Somebody B．Anyone C．Something D．Anything 7．（2021·贵溪市实验中学高二期末）——How many girls are there in our classroom?——________.The students are having PE lessons. There is in the classroom. A．No one; nobody B．None; nobody C．None; none D．Nobody; none 8．（2021·天津高二期末）Actually, ________ is a challenging job for the young staff to negotiate contracts with such a big company.A．there B．this C．that D．it 9．（2021·天津高二期末）________ is important for us to break boundaries and work together.A．What B．That C．This D．It 10．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市第六中学校高一期末）Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.A．that B．it C．one D．some 11．（2021·天津市天津中学高三月考）My brother would like to buy a good watch but_______ was available from that shop.A．nothing B．noneC．no one D．neither12．（2021·黑龙江实验中学高三月考）After work I went to the box office to buy the tickets for Kungfu Panda 2, only to be told there was ______ left．A．nothing B．none C．no one D．neither 13．（2021·云南高三学业考试）I’d appreciate _______________ if you could give me an early reply.A．you B．myself C．it D．them 14．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨三中高三期末）I know the dinner with your boss will be boring, but if you get an important phone call during meal, it is easierto .A．make a hit B．make an exit C．make a difference D．make a distinction15．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市·哈尔滨三中）Mr. and Mrs. Scott prefer a restaurant in a small town to ______ in so large a city as New York.A．this B．oneC．it D．that16．（2021·天津高三二模）The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.A．that B．oneC．it D．this17．（2021·北京师范大学天津附属中学高三三模）Don’t __ that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.A．take as granted B．take this for grantedC．take that for granted D．take it for granted18．（2021·天津市武清区杨村第一中学高三一模）—Oh，my English novel is missing.—I saw Tom leaving with ________，but I am not sure whether yours was included. A．one B．itC．some D．that19．（2021·银川市第六中学高三三模）I’d appreciate ____ if you would like to teach me how to use this computer.A．that B．thisC．you D．it20．（2021·福建省武平县第一中学高三一模）Do you think ________ true that ________is hard work that leads to success?A．it; it B．it; what C．that; it D．what; which 21．（2021·天津耀华中学高三一模）My uncle promised to buy a nice gift for my birthday, ________ beyond my imagination.A．which B．that C．something D．the one 22．（2021·天津南开中学高三二模）It is believed________ children should learn to be responsible from the very beginning.A．why B．that C．how D．when 23．（2021·黑龙江大庆中学高二期末）Miss Shen’s methods of teaching are nothing like________ of the teachers at my Junior High school.A．that B．this C．ones D．those 24．（2021·浙江高三月考）He is a strict but kind teacher, ________ is always trying to make his classes ________ and interesting.A．one; living B．one who; lively C．he; lovely D．he who; live 25．（2021·银川市第六中学高三三模）– Which driver was to blame?-- Why, ______! It was the child’s fault, clear and simple. He suddenly came out between two parked cars.A．both B．eachC．either D．neither二、汉译英（整句）26．（2021·上海高二期末）建议在低温下做这项实验。

专题一语法知识语法知语法知识识第①讲冠词要点归纳思维导图冠词考向及母题典例考向1 不定冠词用法速记口诀：名词头秃，出门戴冠；名词单数，辅a元a n。

注释：冠词使用在名词前，可数名词单数前使用不定冠词，以辅音开头的词前用a,元音开头的词前用an 可数名词单数：以辅音音素开头的单词或字母前用a: a door ；a cat ；a"k".以元音音素开头的单词或字母前用an: an egg；an apple ；an"o"...（2021·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题）We often have three meals_______day. And we usually（2021·湖北恩施·统考中考真题）My aunt has only one child, and she wants ______ child.A．the second B．a second C．two【答案】B【详解】句意：我姑姑只有一个孩子，她想要第二个孩子。

考查序数词用法。

根据“My aunt has only one child, and she wants…child.”可知，此处表示“再一，又一”，用“不定冠词+序数词”表示，故选B。

考向2 定冠词（2024·吉林·统考中考真题）Jenny ordered a hamburger and ________ hamburger was nice.A．a B．an C．the（2024·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）Hangzhou will hold ________ 19th Asian Games in 2023.A．a B．an C．the（2024·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）Bob is my brother. He likes playing ________ basketball, but he doesn’t like playing ________ piano.A．the; a B．/; the C．an; the【答案】B【详解】句意：鲍勃是我的兄弟。

考向02 定冠词（2022·江苏镇江·中考真题）The 2022 Winter Olympics impressed me a lot, and _______ moment Xu Mengtao won the gold medal moved me the most.A．a B．an C．the D．不填【答案】C【解析】句意：2022年冬奥会给我留下了深刻的印象，而徐梦桃夺得金牌的那一刻最让我感动。

考查冠词。

根据“moment Xu Mengtao won the gold medal moved me the most.”可知此处是特指徐梦桃夺得金牌的那一刻，应用定冠词the，故选C。

定冠词的用法概览用法例子指谈话双方都知道的人或事物Close the door, please. 请关门。

上文提到的人或事。

It is a big box, and there is nothing in the box. 这是一个大盒子，里面什么也没有。

世界上独一无二的事物the sun太阳the moon月亮the earth地球用在序数词，形容词的最高级前Our National Day is on the first day in October．我们的国庆节在10月1日。

用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前the Great Wall长城用在江河湖海、山脉、群岛、海峡、沙漠等地理名词前the West Lake西湖用在形容词前表示一类人the poor穷人the sick病人用在形式复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”The Smiths are used to living in Shanghai now. 史密斯一家现在习惯住在上海。

用在方位词前Tianjin is a beautiful city in the north of China．用在乐器名称前Every evening my daughter plays the piano for an hour.每天傍晚我女儿练习一个小时钢琴。

专项一词汇重难点02 冠词1.不定冠词的用法2.定冠词的用法3.零冠词的用法冠词是一种虚词，是名词的一种标志，不能独立担任任何句子成分，只能附着在一个名词上，帮助说明其词义。

对于冠词的考查，往往集中于a、an的用法区别，定冠词的用法，不用冠词的情况，习惯用语中冠词的用法等几个方面。

考查形式以单项选择为主，有时也会在完形填空、完成句子等类型的题目中出现。

在学习过程中，不但要掌握不同类型的冠词的用法，还要注意习惯搭配中的冠词的使用情况。

中考考查重点：一、冠词的用法；二、不用冠词的情况；三、冠词的位置。

典例解析（2022·湖南永州·统考二模）July 1st, 2021 is ______ 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China.【答案】the【详解】句意：2021年7月1日是中国共产党成立100周年。

根据“100th anniversary”可知，在序数词前应用定冠词the来限定。

故填the。

一、单项选择1．（2022·天津·统考中考真题）After ________ school, I bought ________ present for my mother.A．/; a B．a; /C．a; the D．the; /2．（2022·甘肃定西·统考中考真题）I just bought a new shirt. ________ shirt was pretty expensive.A．A B．An C．The D．/3．（2022·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）China has helped end 70% of poverty worldwide since ________ late 1970s, according to ________ World Bank.A．a; a B．the; the C．a; the D．the; a4．（2022·新疆·统考中考真题）—Are you free on weekends?—Yes, I am going to have ________ picnic on ________ Sunday.A．the; an B．a; the C．a; /D．an; /5．（2022·重庆·统考中考真题）There is ________ bank across from the hospital.A．a B．an C．the D．/6．（2022·山东滨州·统考中考真题）— Have you ever worked as________volunteer during the COVID-19 pandemic(新冠疫情)?—Yes. It was ________unforgettable experience for me.A．an; an B．an; a C．a; an D．a; a7．（2022·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）My brother often plays ________ football with his classmates after school.8．（2022·广西百色·中考真题）Beijing,________ capital of China, is________city with a long history. A．the; the.B．a ; a C．the; a D．/; the9．（2022·云南·统考中考真题）— What are you going to be when you grow up, Lily?— I’m going to be ________ astronaut like Wang Yaping.A．a B．an C．the D．/10．（2022·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）Me and My Winter Games is ________ interesting film. It’s a gift for Beijing 2022.A．a B．an C．the D．/11．（2022·四川成都·统考中考真题）_______ medical book Tian Hui Yi Jian by Bian Que and Cang Gong has come out in Chengdu.A．The B．An C．A12．（2022·四川遂宁·统考中考真题）There is ________ useful robot in the restaurant near my home. It can serve food to customers.A．an B．the C．a D．/13．（2022·四川达州·统考中考真题）Natalia, ________ exchange student from Spain, is ________ university student in Sichuan now.A．a; an B．an; the C．an; a D．a; the14．（2022·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）—What does your father do?—He is ________ cook.A．a B．an C．the D．/15．（2022·福建·统考中考真题）— Jenny, why not go for ________ picnic this Saturday?— Sounds great.A．a B．an C．the16．（2022·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题）Mr. Li is ________ doctor. He is busy when he works.A．a B．an C．the D．不填17．（2022·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）The 2022 Winter Olympics impressed me a lot, and _______ moment Xu Mengtao won the gold medal moved me the most.A．a B．an C．the D．不填18．（2022·重庆·统考中考真题）I usually have _______egg and some bread for breakfast.19．（2022·辽宁朝阳·统考中考真题）My hometown is _______ beautiful city in ________ west of Liaoning Province.A．the; a B．a; the C．a; a D．the; the20．（2022·广西玉林·统考中考真题）—Huang Wenxiu is ________ good model of the new age.—She was great! People all over _________ country should learn from her.A．a; /B．an; the C．a; the D．an; a21．（2022·贵州铜仁·统考中考真题）—What’s your dream, Lingling?—I’m going to be ______ excellent teacher like Zhang Guimei.A．a B．an C．the D．/22．（2022·贵州黔西·统考中考真题）Dinner will be served in ________ hour. Would you have a drink first? A．不填B．the C．an D．a23．（2022·贵州黔东南·统考中考真题）Judy read ________ unusual report from Kaili Evening on June 10.________ report was about the doctors and nurses assisting（援助）Shanghai in the fight against COVID-19. A．a; A B．an; The C．a; The D．an; An24．（2022·辽宁营口·统考中考真题）—Confucius was ________ great teacher and thinker.—Yes, we’re still influenced by his ideas today.A．a B．an C．the D．/25．（2022·吉林长春·统考中考真题）________ valuable gift it is! It reminds me of my childhood.A．What B．What a C．What an D．How二、完成句子26．（2022·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）我们齐心协力就能带来变化，创造一个更加美好的未来。

专题02名词复习讲义【要点归纳|典例解析】1．（2023·吉林·统考一模）—Usually the biggest city in a country is its capital. But the capital of ________ isn’t its biggest city.—That’s true. Toronto isn’t a capital city.A．FranceB．RussiaC．Canada【答案】C【解析】句意：——通常，一个国家最大的城市是它的首都。

但是加拿大的首都并不是最大的城市。

——这是真的。

多伦多不是首都。

考查常识以及名词辨析。

France法国；Russia俄罗斯；Canada加拿大。

根据“Toronto isn’t a capital city”及常识可知，多伦多是加拿大的一个城市，由此可知，Canada“加拿大”符合题意。

故选C。

2．（2022·重庆渝北·统考模拟预测）________ Day is a special holiday for us to show our love for our mothers. A．MotherB．MothersC．Mother’sD．Mothers’【答案】C【解析】句意：母亲节是一个特殊的节日，让我们表达我们对母亲的爱。

考查专有名词。

根据“a special holiday for us to show our love for our mothers”可知此处指母亲节，即“妈妈的节日”，一个人只有一个妈妈，用名词所有格mother’s，此处用专有名词Mother’s Day表示“母亲节”。

故选C。

3．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）The Terracotta Army in ________ is one of the most famous interesting places of our country.A．BeijingB．Xi’anC．Harbin【答案】B【解析】句意：西安的兵马俑是我国最著名的名胜之一。

考向03 零冠词（2022·山东菏泽·中考真题）—How are you going to be ________ writer?—I’m going to keep on writing ________ stories.A．a; / B．/; the C．a; the【答案】A【解析】句意：——你打算如何成为一名作家？——我要继续写故事。

考查冠词。

定冠词the常用来表特指；不定冠词泛指“一个，一次”等，不定冠词a用于以辅音音素开头的单词或字母前；不定冠词an用于以元音音素开头的单词或字母前；/零冠词，即不用冠词。

writer是可数名词单数，且发音是以辅音音素开头，其前应用不定冠词a表泛指。

stories是复数形式，其前面不能加不定冠词。

write stories意为“写故事”。

故选A。

零冠词的用法概览序号情况例句1 物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词前Electricity is a form of energy. 电是一种能量形式。

(物质名词)Music can bring people pleasure. 音乐可以带给人们快乐。

(抽象名词)Van is a beautiful city. 西安是一座美丽的城市。

(专有名词)2 季节、月份、星期、节日、假日等名词前Winter is my favourite season because I can make snowmen. 冬天是我最喜爱的季节，因为我可以堆雪人。

June 1 is Children’s Day. 六月一日是儿童节。

注意：民族节日前要加the。

如：the Spring Festival3 表示泛指的复数名词前Books are our friends. 书是我们的朋友。

4 一日三餐的名词前I go to school without breakfast. 我没有吃早餐就去上学5 球类运动、棋类的名词前My father often plays chess with me when he is free. 我父亲有空的时候经常和我下棋。

中考英语语法专练——冠词【01 巩固练】1．If you want to take ________ short ride in the city, choose ________ shared bike.A．a; /B．the; /C．a; a D．/; a2．I think ________ young in our village are now living much more comfortable life than we did. A．a B．the C．/3．—I want to go to different places, but I don’t know ________ way.—You can use ________ map, I think.A．a; a B．the; a C．a; the D．the; 不填4．—Do you know ________ boy in a blue coat?—Yes, he is my brother, Li Lei.A．the B．an C．a5．You have set ________ good example for me. I will make an effort to reach ________ height you did.A．a; a B．the; the C．a; the D．the; a6．I read ________ unusual story last night. ________ story is about the heroes in the fight against COVID - 19.A．a; A B．an; The C．a; The D．a; An7．Now, beginning in August, ________ new train line runs from Beijing across ________ Silk Road.A．a; the B．/; the C．the; a D．the; /8．Mr. Zhao lives in ________ Ninth Street and he keeps a coffee house there.A．the B．a C．an D．/9．Mr. Smith and his wife went to London ________ plane yesterday.A．by B．in C．on D．at10．I often have ________ breakfast at 7:00 in the morning.A．a B．an C．the D．/【02 提升练】一、单项选择1．（2021·黑龙江真题）I would like to be ________ scientist in the future. They are so great. A．a B．an C．the2．（2021·湖南真题）—We have worked for a long time.—Yeah, let’s go out for a walk. It is ________ useful way to relax.A．a B．an C．the3．（2021·广西真题）—Tina, you’re too careless. You missed _______ “n” in _______ word “Internet” again.—Sorry, Ms. Gao. I will be more careful next time.A．an; the B．the; an C．the; a D．/; the 4．（2021·辽宁真题）Locus usually has ________ egg and some milk for breakfast.A．a B．an C．the D．/5．（2021·江苏真题）As ________ teacher, it’s important to be ________ good role model for their students.A．the; a B．a; the C．a; a D．the; the 6．（2021·山东真题）—What’s ________ population of China? —It has ________ population of 1.4 billion.A．a; a B．a; the C．the; a D．the; the 7．（2021·吉林真题）Tom thinks playing ___________basketball is a good way to relax himself. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 8．（2021·贵州真题）—Did you watch ________ show Chinese Poetry Conference（诗词大会）yesterday evening?—Yes. It was really ________ great success.9．（2021·江苏真题）My family have ________ breakfast together every day. This helps us start a day well.A．不填B．a C．an D．the 10．（2020·湖北真题）—Does your teacher go to work by ___________ car every day?—No. He usually takes ___________ bus.A．/; /B．/; the C．a; the D．the; a二、完成句子11．（2021·湖北随州·中考真题）我长大想成为一名工程师。

易错点02 冠词易错考点【01】a/an 的辨析a/an好区分，不看字母看发音，特殊单词记心间。

字母“u”开头：an umbrella, an unusual story, an unhappy boy, a university, a useful book字母“h”开头：hour, honest, honor等单词的拼写虽然以辅音字母h开头，但其读音却以元音开头，因此，前面要用an。

②在26个字母中，前面用an的字母有:a, e, f, h, i, l, m, n, o, r, s, x,其他用a易错考点【02】a/an+序数词，表另一，再一Being afraid that their first child is lonely，many families in China plan to have a second baby. 由于害怕他们的第一个孩子孤独，中国许多家庭计划再生一个孩子。

易错考点【03】the+比较级1.两者比较，of结构：the taller of the two boys.2.The 比较级…the 比较级：越……越……易错考点【04】有无冠词，细细区分by sea 乘船by the sea 在海边go to school 去上学go to the school(因事）去学校in hospital(因病）住院in the hospital(因事）在医院at table 在进餐at the table 在桌子旁易错考点【05】中英有别，用好零冠词。

一日三餐，球类运动，专有名词，棋牌游戏，球类运动，全用零冠词，固定短语多背诵。

Day and night日日仅仅;face to face面对面; step by step 一步一步地；at first 首先等—Mike had unusual week. He said he saw ________________ alien.—Really? Can you believe him？（）A．a；an B．a；a C．an；an D．an；thea修饰以辅音音素开头的单词，an修饰以元音音素开头的单词，the 表示特指；因为week是单数可数名词，结合关键词unusual ，其首字母u发元音，故第一空填an。