2020年高考英语 必考点 专题02 冠词(高效演练)(含解析)

2020届高考英语一轮复习讲解：冠词【考纲解读】冠词虽然只有三个,属于“小品词”,却因其在英语语言中使用极频繁、用法极灵活,命题者常拿其大作文章。

冠词是历年来的考查重点,着重考查以下几个方面：（1）冠词的基本用法,即泛指、类指和特指,如泛指的复数名词和不可数名词前不用冠词、the＋单数名词表示类指等;（2）冠词的活用,如the younger of the two表示“两个之中较年轻的一个”;（3）冠词的习惯搭配,如in danger, on the phone等。

2020年高考在单项填空中对冠词进行了考查,其他试卷也在短文改错、完形填空或阅读理解中作了隐性考查。

因而可以预言,在来年的高考试题中,冠词仍将是考查的热点。

纵观历年高考试题,我觉得冠词考点主要集中在以下内容:1. 考查不定冠词a/an表示个别或泛指的用法2. 考查定冠词the特指某一个人或事物的用法3. 考查不定冠词和定冠词在固定搭配中的用法4. 考查零冠词（即省略冠词)表示泛指及其习惯搭配用法5. 考查冠词在表示类别名词前的用法[6. 考查不定冠词在具体化抽象名词前的用法7. 考查冠词在比较级前的用法8. 考查冠词在其他特殊结构中的用法【知识要点】冠词是一种虚词，无词义，也没有数和格的变化，不能独立使用，常常放在名词前，帮助说明这个名词的意义。

复习冠词须把握好以下三个原则：其一：单数可数名词用不定冠词a/an表示泛指；其二：复数可数名词及不可数名词表示泛指时，其前不加冠词；其三：无论可数名词还是不可数名词，表示特指其前都要加定冠词the。

一、不定冠词的用法1.不定冠词表示数量“一”，与one相近。

如：I will finish this work in a day.我一天就要完成这项工作。

2.不定冠词用在首次提到的人或物之前，表示泛指。

如：There is a park on the corner of the street.在这条街的拐角处有个公园。

专题01名词——高效演练一．单句语法填空1．The__________ (possible)that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.【答案】possibility【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。

句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。

故填possibility。

2. Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ （assume）you’ve made.【答案】assumption【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。

句意：试着去理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。

故选assumption 。

3.In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work. 【答案】crowds【解析】考查名词。

crowd前没有冠词、指示代词和形容词性人称代词，故用复数形式。

4.But for tourists like me，pandas are its top ________(attract)．【答案】attraction【解析】句意：但是对于像我一样的游客来说，大熊猫是最大的吸引。

形容词top“头等的；最重要的”后面跟名词形式。

英语2020高考考点一遍过——冠词小简老师说：冠词是历年高考的必考点，常出现在语篇型语法填空和短文改错中。

但从整套试题来看，在短文改错、书面表达、阅读理解等题型中对冠词的隐性考查可谓无处不在。

在日常交际中，几乎每说一句话、每写一篇日记、每读一篇文章都会涉及冠词的运用。

故不论高考的考查形式如何变化，冠词仍应是高考复习的重点。

预计2020年的高考仍然会以考查冠词在具体语境中的正确使用为主，以语篇型语法填空和短文改错的形式出现，它可能把冠词的各种用法结合名词一起进行考查。

复习冠词须把握好以下三个原则：1.单数可数名词用不定冠词a/an表示泛指；2.复数可数名词及不可数名词表示泛指时，其前不加冠词；3.无论可数名词还是不可数名词，表示特指时，其前都要加定冠词the。

01考向一不定冠词1.不定冠词有a和an 两种形式。

a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前，an用在以元音音素开头的词前。

In a university，a European and a one-eyed man walked along a one-way road with a useful tool. This is a usual thing.在一所大学里，一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具沿着一条单行道走着。

这是一件平常之事。

An hour ago，an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task.一小时前，一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物，去完成一项光荣的任务。

2.不定冠词a/an用在单数可数名词前表示泛指，泛指某一人或某一物。

The ＂Chinese Dream＂is a dream to improve people’s well-being and a dream of harmony，peace and development.＂中国梦＂是一个改善民生的梦，是一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。

十年〔2010~2020〕高考英语真题分项详解02英语词法﹒冠词1.(2020﹒全国卷II﹒语法填空)The plum trees are 70 first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life. 【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。

句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。

这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。

故填the。

2.(2020﹒浙江﹒语法填空)This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with 64 rise of science，changes began.【答案】the【解析】考查定冠词。

句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。

with the rise of 译为“随着......的崛起〞是固定短语。

故填the。

3.(2019﹒浙江﹒语法填空)Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。

句意：每个人都穿一样风格的衣服。

same是形容词，意思是“一样的〞，常与the连用修饰名词。

故填the。

4.(2019﹒新课标I卷﹒语法填空)Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.【答案】the【解析】考查定冠词。

此处为特指，意为“在的19个北极熊亚种群中〞，故填the。

5.(2016﹒浙江)______prize for the winner of the competition is ______two-week holiday in Paris.A. The ; 不填B. A ; 不填C. A ; theD. The ; a【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：这个比赛获胜者的奖品是一个巴黎的两个星期的假期。

冠词专题演练一1．It is generally accepted that ________ boy must learn to stand up and fight like ________ man.A. a; aB. a; theC. the; theD. a; /[解析]句意：人们普遍认为，男孩子就该学会站起来像男人一样去奋斗。

boy 和man 均为可数名词，在句中都表泛指，故前面应该用不定冠词，故答案为A项。

[答案]A2．As he reached ________ front door, Jack saw ________ strange sight.A. the; /B. a; theC. /; aD. the; a[解析]句意：杰克到前门时，他看到一个奇怪的景象。

第一空处是特指前门，加定冠词；第二空处sight 在此是单数可数名词，意为“景象，情景”，表泛指，应用不定冠词，故选D。

[答案]D3．Take your time—it's just ________ short distance from here to ________ restaurant.A. /; theB. a; theC. the; aD. /; a[解析]句意：别着急——从这里到餐馆只有很短的一段距离。

第一空处用不定冠词a，泛指一段距离；restaurant 此处是特指，所以第二空用定冠词。

[答案]B4．—It's said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 ________ year.—Right, he will also get paid by ________ week.A. the; theB. a; theC. the; aD. a; a[解析]句意：——据说约翰将获得一个年薪超过六万美元的工作。

——是的，他的工资将按周支付。

知识梳理一．高考冠词复习加习题〔有答案解析〕冠词是一种虚词，放在名词前面，帮助说明名词的含义．它可以说是名词的一种标志，不能单独使用，无词义.思考：名词与冠词“马是一种有用的动物”，表示“一类”，可以有三种说法：A. A horse is a useful animal.B. The horse is a useful animal.C. Horses are useful animals.二.分类：不定冠词〔a/an〕定冠词〔the〕；零冠词〔即不用冠词〕重点理解：1. 泛指是指首次提到的，不限定的人或事物.2. 特指是指上文已经提到的人或事物，或是指被限制性修饰语在其后加以限定的人或事物，也可以指说话双方所默认的特定的人或事物.3. 类指是指具有共同性质或典型特征的事物的一个类别.〔一〕．不定冠词 a / an1.表示数量上的“一”There is a nice dog.I have two brothers and a sister.2. 用在表示时间、速度、价格等计量单位的名词前表示“每一”,相当于per 或every.Take the medicine three times a day.The plane can get 300 kilometers an hour.2.第一次提到某个人或事物时,通常使用不定冠词,此为“泛指”.Long long ago there was an old king who had a very beautiful daughter.3.用在单数可数名词前,表示一类人或事物,即以一个个体代表整类人或事物,此为“类指”.A horse is a useful animal.I want to be a singer.特殊：4.用于某一个人名、地名前,使专有名词普通化.例如:A Mr. Wang called you ten minutes ago. 一位王先生10分钟前打过你电话A Mr. Li has been waiting for you.一位姓李的先生一直在等你.Chongqing is known as a Shanghai of the west.重庆被称作西部的上海.〔Shanghai 是专有名词,本句中a Shanghai 指和上海一样繁华的城市〕5.用于序数词〔后加名词〕前,表示“又一个,又一次”.例如:Although he has failed twice，he would like to try a third time.He tried a sixth time and succeeded.他又试第六次,结果成功了.6.用在某些抽象名词前，该抽象名词前便具体化了〔固定搭配〕，表示“一种”、“一件”、“一份”等a pleasure / a success/ a failureHe went to the USA in search of a better life.It is an honor for me to be invited to the party.我被邀请参加聚会是一种荣誉.has a knowledge ofhave a preference for…a heavy rain7.固定搭配高考冠词复习加习题〔有答案解析〕at a loss;at an early ageonce upon a timeas a result 〔of〕in a hurryin a wordonce in a whilehave a good timehave a word with 与……说句话have/take a look 〔at〕have/take a resttake an active part inall of a sudden高考冠词复习加习题〔有答案解析〕指出下列句子中定冠词的用法1.特指某〔些〕人或某〔些〕物.The man in blue is my brother.2.上文提到过的人或物.I'd like to buy a car. The car should be powered by new energy. 我想买辆车.这辆车应该用新能源做动力.3.指世界上独一无二的事物.As is known to all, the earth is round. 众所周知，地球是圆的.4.用在序数词和形容词最高级前面.〔1〕 winter is the coldest season .〔2〕 He is always the firstthe last to leave.5.用在表示方向、方位的名词前.the right〔右边〕Zhe jiang lies in the southeast of China.6.用在表示某世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前.in the Tang Dynasty; in the 1990’s〔在20 世纪90 年代〕7.用在表示乐器的名词前.He likes play the piano. 他喜欢弹钢琴8. 用在江河湖海、山脉、群岛前或由普通名词构成的专有名词前.The Great Wall The Yellow River The WHOThe Pacific Ocean The West Lake The People's Republic of China9. 固定搭配in the distance; in the end; at the same time; on the other hand; on the whole特殊：10.用在某些形容词前表示一类人.The rich should help the poor. 富人应该帮助穷人.11.用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示某家人.例如：the Blacks〔布莱克一家〕The Smiths have a wonderful sense of humor.史密斯一家人很幽默.12.用在身体的部位前.“动词+sb.+介词+the+身体某一部位”中要用the，而不用人称代词，He hit me on the head. 他打了我的头.catch sb. by the arm〔抓住胳膊〕take sb. by the arm 抓住某人的手臂；pat sb. on the shoulder 拍某人的肩膀13.用在单位名词前.例如：measure by the metre 〔用米来衡量〕The workers are paid by the day.工人是按天结工资的.I have hired a car by the hour. 我租了一个车，是按小时收费的.〔二〕．零冠词 the1.不可数名词，复数名词前表泛指Horses are useful animals.Water is changed into steam by heat and into ice by cold.水加热变成蒸汽,遇冷则变成冰.2. 表示节日、月份、星期、学科、运动项目以及三餐饭的名称的名词前通常不用冠词.We will hold a meeting on Friday.Maths is as interesting as physics.Let's go and play football, shall we?Let's go and watch them play chess.We went out for a walk after supper.3. 球类、棋类、学科等名称前，一般不加冠词.play football; play chess4. 称呼、头衔、职务等表示抽象性质的名词前，不加冠词.Doctor, I am not feeling well.Bush Jr. was elected president of the United States.5. 中国乐器前不加冠词. play erhu; play piba6. 在与by连用交通工具名称前不加冠词. by car; by train四．易错点梳理〔一〕 a,an 区别基本区别1. a用在辅音音素开头的单词前,an 用在以元音音素开头的单词前．2. 判断一个词是元音还是辅音开头是根据其读音的而不是字母．如一般情况：a boy a deskan apple, an excellent student an interesting book an office an umbrella,特殊：1〕 ____ European village _____university, _____useful book, _____ uniform ____usual thing2〕 ____ hour ____ honest boy, ____one-year dog〔二〕序数词前加定冠词与不定冠词的区别the+序数词，表示“第几……，a+序数词表示 “又一……，再一……”eg:The cake is delicious, and I would like a second one. 蛋糕很好吃，我想再吃一块.〔三〕、a number of , the number of 的区别A number of 意思是“许多”，相当于many；The number of 意思是“…….的数量，…….的数目”，作主语时，谓语动词用三单形式.eg: A number of students_____ 〔like〕The number of students_____ 〔be 〕about 1,500 in our school.(四）、a singer and dancer 两个名词共用一个冠词，表示同一人或物；a singer and a dancer两个名词前各有冠词时，则表示两个人或物.eg: The teacher and writer_____The teacher and the writer_____〔五〕in front of 表示“在……前面”，相当于before,in the front of 则表示“在某物内部的前部”.例：The driver saw a boy standing in front of the bus. 司机看见一个男孩站在公共汽车的前面.The drive sat in the front of the bus. 司机坐在公共汽车的前部.〔六〕、当名词被其它词修饰时，不定冠词a,an的位置应注意.〔重点〕〔1〕不定冠词与so, as, too, how 等连用时的位置soas结构： too +形容词 + a〔an〕 +名词How例：I’ve never seen so tall a tree. 我从没见过这么市制树.= I’ve never seen such a tall tree.It’s too difficult a book for beginners. 这本书对初学者来说太难了.He is as clever a boy as Tom. 他是像汤姆一样聪明的孩子.How beautiful a bird it is! 这是一只多漂亮的鸟啊！〔2〕当名词前面有形容词和quite, rather, 或very ,时，不定冠词位于quite, rather之后，very 之前.结构： quite a +单数可数名词rather a+单数可数名词a very +单数可数名词例： He is quite an honest man. 他是个非常诚实的人.He is rather a gentleman. 他真是一位绅士.It is a very good book. 这是一本很好的书.〔3〕不定冠词与such , half , what , many , 等连用时的位置.such a +单数可数名词结构： half a +单数可数名词what a+单数可数名词many a+单数可数名词〔谓语动词用三单〕（六）名词前有无冠词有很大区别的用法对比：〔了解〕1. 区分：go to school 和go to the school某些个体名词，如：school, church, hospital, bed, prison, table 等，表示抽象意义或相关的活动时，不加冠词；而如果表示具体地点，则要加定冠词.例：The children go to school at seven every morning. 孩子们每天早晨7 点钟上学.Father went to the school to see Mr. Chen. 父亲去学校看望陈老师.同理：go to school 去上学 go to the school 〔因事〕去学校go to church去做礼拜 go to the church 去教堂里go to hospital 去看病 go to the hospital 去医院in hospital 住院 in the hospital 〔因事〕在医院in class 在上课 in the class 在班级里面at table 在进餐 at the table 在桌子旁边at desk 在读书 at the desk 在课桌旁by sea 乘船 by the sea 在海边in bed 卧床in the bed 在床上 in prison 坐牢in the prison 〔因事〕在监狱go to bed 上床睡觉go to the bed 在床上2. sb. be in charge of sth. 某人负责某事物sth. be in the charge of sb. 某事物由某人掌管3 .take place 发生 take the place 代替例：The accident took place last night. 这场事故是昨天夜里发生的.4.out of question 毫无疑问 out of the question 完全不可能例： It is out of question that he will win the match. 他一定会赢得这场比赛的.A holiday for me this year is out of the question. 我今天休假是不可能的了.5. next week 〔month〕下周〔下个月〕〔以现在看将来〕the next week 〔month〕第二周〔下个月〕〔在过去某一时间之后〕例：He will return next week. 他下周返回.He returned on May 10th and flew to Beijing the next week.他五月十号返回的，第二周又飞住北京去了.6. on earth 究竟，到底〔用于加强语气〕on the earth 在地球上例：What on earth do you want? 你究竟要什么？There are all kinds of living things on the earth. 地球上有各种各们的生物.各地中考英语真题分类汇编——冠词1、This is ______ story-book. It was written by Yang Hongying.A. theB. aC. an【答案】B考查冠词用法a用在以辅音〔指辅音音素〕开头的词前，an用在以元音〔指元音音素〕的词前.the表示特指.本题意思是，这是一本故事书.它是有杨洪基写的.story是以辅音音素开头，故选B.2、—Who’s that girl?—You mean ______ one with long blond hair? That's Jack’s daughter.A. aB. anC. theD.不填【答案】C 考查冠词的用法.the表示特指，指代“留着长发的那个女孩”.3、. Victor can play ______ piano. He can join the music club.A. aB. anC. the【答案】C考查冠词用法.a用在以辅音〔指辅音音素〕开头的词前，an用在以元音〔指元音音素〕的词前.the表示特指或者一些固定用法，比如用在乐器的前面，必须用定冠词the.根据句意：维克托会弹钢琴，他可以加入音乐俱乐部. 故选C.4、. There is no living thing on __________moon.A. theB. aC. 不填【答案】A【解析】选A.考查冠词的用法.世界上独一无二的事物前需要加定冠词the, 如the sun , theearth等.此处句意为：月球上没有生命.故选A.5. Bill likes playing_____basketball, but he doesn’t like playing_____piano.A. the, theB. /, theC. the, /【答案】BA. /B. AC. AnD. The【答案】D7. -----What ___________bad weather it is today!-------Yes, _____________ weather makes me so sad.A. a; aB. /; theC. an; theD. the; a【答案】B8A. The； aB. A； theC. The； an【答案】A9. –People can’t live without _________________ water. ---Yes, I think so.A. aB. anC. theD. 不填【答案】D【2012湖北咸宁】21.―What do you want to be in the future, John?― I want to be _____ fashion designer. It is ______ amazing job.A. a ; theB. an; aC. a; anD. an; the【答案】C10. There is _____ old bridge near my house.A. aB. anC. the【答案】B11. This summer, I’m going to visit_____ Great wall.A. aB. anC. theD. /【答案】C12. In order to find ______ better job, she planned to learn ______ second foreign language.A. the；aB. a；aC. the；theD. a；the【答案】B13. “Will the charity show be_____ success? ”I kept asking myself.A. aB. anC. theD. 不填【答案】A14. Helen has ____ lovely pet dog._____ dog is clever enough to bring her newspapers every evening.A. a ; AB. the ; TheC. a ; TheD. the ；A【答案】C15.My mother is ____ English teacher in a university in Beijing.A.aB.anC.theD./【答案】B16. We will see ______ even strong China in ______ near future.A. a; theB. an; theC. the; aD. an; a【答案】B17. _______girl riding a bike is ________university student.A. A, anB. The, anC. A, theD. The, a【解析】D. 冠词.表示“特指”，填定冠词the；以辅音音素开头的词前用不定冠词a，故选D答案.18. —Would you like _____red dress as a birthday present, Mary?— Sorry, mom. I prefer _____orange one.A. an; anB. a; aC. an; aD. a; an【答案】D19._______15th International Film Festival will be held in Shanghai.A.TheB. AnC. AD.\【答案】 A【解析】考查冠词的用法.定冠词the用在序数词前.句意：第十五届国际电影节将在上海被举办.20、Peer is ____________ honest boy and ___________ good friend of mine.A. a; the.B. the; anC. a; anD. an; aD21. This is ______ interesting movie and it’s also______ most interesting one I’ve ever seen.A. an; aB. an; theC. a; the【答案】B22. Hurry up! If we miss ________ last bus, we’ll have to get home by ________taxi.A. a; 不填B. the ; aC. the;不填D. a; a【答案】C23. —Who’s that girl?—You mean ______ one with long blond hair? That's Jack’s daughter.A. aB. anC. theD.不填【答案】C24. A new road was built between our village and the town. _____ road is wide and clean.A. 不填B. TheC. A【答案】B25. London will hold _____30th Olympic Games in July, 2012.A. aB. anC. theD. /【答案】C链接高考：1.〔2014陕西卷〕 ________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.A. The; aB. A; theC. The; theD. A; a【答案】A 本题第一空后面的名词vellage的后面有定语从句where I was born修饰，说明该词表示特指，使用定冠词the表示特指.第二空后的名词town是一个可数名词，使用a修饰，表示泛指.句义：我出生的那个小山村已经成为了一个小镇.根据句义说明A正确.2.〔2014重庆卷 I can’t tell you ____ way to the Wilsons' because we don’t have_____ Wilson here in the village.A.the； aB.a; /C. a; theD.the ; /【答案】A 本题第一空后名词way有介词短语to the Wilson’s修饰，说明特指Wilson家的路.所以使用定冠词the表示特指.而第二空后的名词Wilson是一个人名，通常都是单独使用，但是本题中使用a修饰，泛指一个名叫Wilson的人.句意：我无法告诉你去Wilson家的路，因为在这个村子里没有一个名叫Wilson的人.故A正确.3.【2013陕 Marco Polo is said to have sailed on__ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in ___ thirteenth century.A. the; aB. a; /C. /; theD. the; the【答案】D 第一空指独一无二的事物用the；第二空为固定短语，表示在多少世纪“in the –th century”，需加定冠词.故答案为D.4.【2012江西卷】The Smiths don’ usually stay at ______ hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ______ sea.A．/; a B．the; the C．/; the D．the; a【答案】C hotel为复数，前不会用定冠词the来修饰；江，河，湖，海前要加定冠词5.【2012全国II】.He missed ____ gold in the high jump, but will get ____ second chance in the long jump.A. the; theB. /; aC. the; aD. a; /【答案】C 此句的第一空特指“跳高中的金牌”，故用定冠词the；第二空为：再得到一次机会，泛指“一次机会”.句意：他在跳高中失去了金牌，但他在跳远中将得到一次机会.。

（一）不定冠词1.不定冠词的选择2.不定冠词的用法3.不定冠词的特殊位置（二）定冠词（三）零冠词（四）有无冠词的区别高考质量提升是一项系统工程，涉及到多个方面、各个维度，关键是要抓住重点、以点带面、全面突破，收到事半功倍的效果。

一、备考策略务必精准高三备考的不同阶段，目标和任务各不相同，就像打仗一样，攻克不同的山头有不同的打法，只有抓住要领，才能打赢主动仗。

一是细化“作战地图”。

从现在到一模考试前，主要任务是过课本、串教材，把基础知识再夯实，为专题复习奠定坚实基础。

各学科组教师要认真学习新课程、新课标、《中国考试评价体系及说明》和近三年高考原题，把高考考点和试题变化点做成“作战地图”，平时考试、练习要对照“作战地图”进行选题，并在“作战地图”上一一标注，确保考点训练无死角、考点覆盖无遗漏。

二是组织集体攻坚。

发挥学科组集体备考的优势，学科组内任务分解、责任到人，每次考试变式训练的预测由组长把关。

学科组坚持“一课一研”、“一考一研”，新老教师步调一致，节奏有序，充分发挥分工协作的集体教研智慧。

三是找准学科增分点。

认真研究本省、本市、本校近年来的高考数据，细化到每一个知识点的得失分情况，找准突破点和增分点，有目的进行专项训练和突破提升。

英语的阅读理解和小作文、语文的古文分析和作文、理科的做题速度、文科的答题思路等，都要制定详细的训练方案和突破的方法策略，在实践中调整提升，打破制约瓶颈，找到质量提升的突破口。

二、课堂教学务必高效。

课堂是教育教学是主阵地。

高三年级教学时间紧，教学任务重，更要切实发挥课堂40分钟的作用。

一是上好微专题课。

春节前后，一轮复习进入后期，学生不会的知识点逐步浮出水面。

这些薄弱知识点如果解决不好，将直接影响到二轮复习的效果。

高三年级要围绕浮现出来的问题，上好微专题或微微专题课，针对某一个点或几个点精讲、讲透，触类旁通。

微专题课怎么上？可以针对学生不会的问题，每节课重点解决1-2个知识点，专题强调，专点训练，不贪多，顺一个点“追祖宗八代”，剖析透!微微专题，则更精、更准、更小、更有效，可以一节课只讲一道题，但是要把这一道题挖深、挖透，讲透一个会一类，做会一题能举一反三。

冠词(一)冠词的分类：冠词分为不定冠词"a，an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种。

（二）不定冠词的用法：1. 用于可数名词的单数形式之前，表示"一"There is a tiger in the zoo. 动物园里有一只老虎。

2. 表示一类人或事物A tiger can be dangerous. 老虎可能有危害性。

※定冠词the+形容词（也代表一类人）The poor are still poor.3. 表示"某一个"或者是指想要成为“像...样的人物”的意思A Mr Smith wants to see you. 有一位叫史密斯的先生要见你。

He wants to be a Max in the future.他将来想成为像马克思一样的人。

4. 表示"同一"；"每一"的意思They are nearly of an age. 他们几乎同岁。

We go swimming four times a week. 我们每周去游泳四次。

5. 第一次提到的人或事物，但不特殊指明是哪一个Long long ago there was an old king who had a very beautiful daughter.6.用在某些表示数量的词组中：a lot of 很多 a couple of 一对 a great many 很多7.用于习惯用语中all of a sudden 突然in fact=as a matter of fact 事实上as a result 结果have a cold 感冒have a good(nice,wonderful,great)time 玩得兴奋（三）定冠词用法：1. 用以特指某（些）人或某（些）事物This is the house where Luxun once lived. 这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。

2020;2020 届高考英语考前冲刺优选语法资料冠词用法全解一、定义与分类冠词是用于名词前用以说明该名词含义的虚词 ( 在现代英语中冠词被称为限制词 ) 。

传统语法往常将冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词两类，但现代英语往常将冠词分为不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词三类。

不定冠词有 a 和 an 两种形式，此中 a 用于辅音音素前，an 用于元音音素前；而定冠词只有 the 一种形式；现代英语中说的零冠词，其实指的是就是既不用定冠词，也不用不定冠词的状况。

二、不定冠词的主要用法1.泛指某一类人或物中的任何一个。

如：A bird has wings.鸟有翅膀。

A teacher shouldn’t talk like that. 教师不该当这样发言。

2.抽象指某类中的某一个，但又不详细说明是哪一个。

如：The police caught a thief. 警察抓了一个小偷。

3.表示数目“一”( 但不与two, three 等相对照 ) 。

如：It took me a year to save up for a new coat. 我用了一年时间才省出钱买一件新大衣。

4.表示价格、时间、速度等的“每一” (=per) 。

如：We meet twice a week.我们每星期碰两次头。

They are sold at two dollars a dozen.他们的售价是每打两美元。

5.用于序数词前表示“又一”、“再一”。

如：We'll have to do it a second time. 我们得再做一次。

We have put forward a third plan. 他们已提出了第三个方案。

6. 在某些物质名词前表示“一杯/ 罐 / 瓶”。

如：A coffee / tea / beer, please. 请来杯咖啡 / 茶 / 啤酒。

7.用于详细化了的抽象名词前。

如：He was a success in business.他事业成功。

2020年高考英语考点专题讲练：冠词【考点分析】冠词1.不定冠词a/an表示个别或泛指的用法; 定冠词the特指某一个人或事物的用法;2.考查冠词在固定搭配中的用法，包括零冠词(即不用冠词)表示泛指及其习惯搭配用法 ;2.考查不定冠词在具体化抽象名词前的用法 ;3.考查冠词在比较级前的用法 ;4.考查冠词在其他特殊结构中的用法 ;5.考查用不用冠词意义大不相同的短语。

【知识点归纳】(一)冠词冠词分为不定冠词(a, an)，定冠词(the)，和零冠词。

I.不定冠词的用法1.指一类人或事，相当于a kind ofA plane is a machine that can fly.2.第一次提及某人某物，非特指A boy is waiting for you.有个男孩在等你。

3.表示“每一”相当于every，oneWe study eight hours a day.4.表示“相同”相当于the sameWe are nearly of an age.5.用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事—Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?—Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.A. 不填B. aC. theD. oneThat boy is rather a Lei Feng.(活雷锋)6.用于固定词组中a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7.用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后This room is rather a big one.8.用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.9.用于抽象名词具体化的名词前success(抽象名词)→a success(具体化) 成功的人或事a failure 失败的人或事 a shame 带来耻辱的人或事a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需必备的东西a good knowledge of 精通掌握某一方面的知识10.与序数词连用，表示“又一，再一”。

冠词专项练习（20年高考真题之冠词）1.（1997年7题）-Have you seen ________ pen? I left it here this morning.-Is it __________ black one? I think I saw it somewhere・A. a; theB. the; theC. the; aD. a; a2.（1999 年8 题）Paper money was in ____ use in China when Marco Polo visited tbe country in_____ thirteenth century・A.the；不填B.the； theC.不填；theD.不填；不填3.（2000年10题）Most animals little connection with ______ animals of __________ different kind unless they kill them for food.A. the ; aB.不填;aC. the ; the D・不填;theA. the; anB. a; the C・ the; the D. a; an5. （2001年春京蒙皖10）M r Smith /here's a man at_ front door who says he has __ news for you of great importance・ A. the ;不 B.the ; the C.不填；不填 D.不填；the6. （2001年上海春招22）H is daughter is always shy in _____ and she never dares to make a speech toA.thcpublic…the public B・ public...the public C・ the public•…public D. public...public4.（2000年上海春招卷1 题）一Where's __ nearest bookstore? —There's one at ________ end of the street.7.（2001 年全国卷29） The warmth of ___ sweater will of course be determined by the sort of ________ wool used.A. the; theB. the; /C. /; theD. /; /8.（2001.上海卷21） A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded in _____ leg.A. aB. oneC. theD. his9.（2002北京春招26） I don't like taking on ______ t elephone; I prefer writing _____ letters.A. a, the,B. the,（不填）C. the, the,D. a,（不填）10.（2002 上海春招22） The cakes are delicious. He'd like to ___ third one because ____ second is rather loo small.A. a, aB. the, the C .a, the D. the, a11 ・（2002全国26） Jumping out of ____ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite ________ exciting cxpcricncc.A.不填；theB.不填；an C- an; an D. the ;thc12.（2002上海秋21 ）One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _______ good knowledge of basic word formation.A. /B. theC. aD. one13.（2003全国卷26） The sign reads n In case of ______ fire, break the glass and push _________ red button.A.不填；aB.不填；theC. the; theD. a; a14.（2003上海卷25） I earn 10 dollars ______ hour as ______ supermarket cashier on Saturdays.A. a.・・an B・lhe・・・a C. an ・・・a D・an...the15.（04」匕京春招）On news today, there were ________ reports of heavy snow in that area・A. the; theB.the;不填C.不填；不填D.不填；the16.（04福建）It is ____ w orld of wonders, ______ world where anything can happen.A. a ;theB. a; aC. the ; aD.不填；不填17.（04广东）While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made _________ discover which completely changed ______ man's understanding of colour. BA. a…不填B. a-*-thcC.不填・・・thcD. thc・・・a18.（04辽宁）When you finish reading the book .you will have __ better understanding of _____ life ・A. a; theB. the; aC.不填；（heD. a;不填19.（04夭）聿）When he left college , he got a job as _____ reporter in a newspaper office ・A.不填；aB.不填；theC. a ; theD. the : the20.（04浙江）The Wilsons live in ___ A-shaped house near the coast. It is ______ 17th century cottage.A. the , /B. an, theC. /, theD. an, a21 ・（04重庆）The most important thing about cotton in history is ___ part that il played in Industrial Revolution.A.不填；不填B. the：不填C. the ;theD. a; the22.（04」匕京）on -going division bctwccn English-speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is____ major concern of the country・A. The;不填B. The; aC. An; theD. An;不填23.（04湖南）For a long time they walked without saying __ word. Jim was the first to break ______ silence・A. the; aB. a; theC. a;不填D. the;不填24.（04江苏）Tom owns __ larger collection of ______ b ooks than any other student in our class.A. the;不埴B. a;不填C. a; theD.不填；the25.（04湖北）There was time _____ I hateci to go to school.A- a; that B・ a; when C- the; that D・ the; when26.（04全国I）When you come here for your holiday next time, don* t go to_hotel; I can find you_ bed in my flat.A. the; aB. the;不填C. a; theD. a;不填27.（04全国II） If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off _____ ・A. a price B・ price C・ the price D. prices28.（江苏卷05） On May 5, 2005, at _______ World Table Tennis Championship, Kong Linghui and Wang Hao won the gold medal in men's doubles with ___________ score of 4: 1 ・A. a; aB.不填；theC. a;不填D. the; a29・（北京卷05） It is often said that ________ teachers have ________ very easy life・A.不填；不填B.不填；aC. the;不填D. the; a30. （2006年北京26）…I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over _______ keyboard・™ You shouldn't pul drinks near_________ compute匚A. the ;不填B. the ; aC. a ;不填D. a ; a31 ・（2006 年湖南22） In __ review of 44 studies, American researchers found that men and women who ate sixkey foods daily cut the risk of ______ heart disease by 76%・A.a; theB.the;aC.a;不填D.不填;a32.（2006 年辽宁21） Of all ___ reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father's advicewas ______ most important one.A.thc;a B・不填；a C•不填:the D.the;thc33.（2006 年山东21） For him ____ s tage is just ____ m eans of making a living.A. a; aB.the; aC. the ; theD. a; the34.（2006 年陕西15） According to _____ World Health Organization,health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent ______ spread of AIDS.A.the;不填B.thc;thcC.a;a D・不填;the35.（2006 年浙江3） Don't worry if you can5t come to ________ p arty.…I'll save ___________ cake for you.A. the ; someB. a ; much C・[he ; any D. a ; little36.（2（X）6 年巫庆25）Everywhere man has cut down __ forests in order to grow crops, or to use ________ woodas fuel or as building material・A.thc;thcB.thc;/ C・/；the D./； /37.（2006 年全国卷111 19）1 know you don't like _ music very much. But what do you think of _____ music in thefilm we saw yesterday?A. /; /B. the; theC. the; /D. /; the38. （2006 年全国卷 I 30）- Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? - Sorry, wrong number. There isn't_ Mr. Smith here.A.不填B. aC. theD. one39. （2007 全国卷 II ） 一Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please?Johnson here in the village.江西卷）Many people have come to realize that they ahould go on ________ b alanced diet and makeroom in their day for exercise.Sunday because everybody was atA. /; theB. the; /C. a; /D. /; a51 ・（2007 辽宁卷） Chrisnias is ___ special holiday when _________ w hole family arc supposed to get together.A. the, theB. a, aC. the, aD. a, the52. （2008 年湖南卷 22） ___________ Have you heard news?The _____ price of petrol is going up again!A. the, theB.不填，theC. the,不填D.不填，不填53. （2008 年江苏卷 21） We went right round to the west coast by ________ s ea instead of driving across _________ continent.A. the …the B ・ / …the C. the ... / D. /... /54. （2008 年江西卷 30） -一 I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.一-It is not your fault ・ With _ rush-hour traffic and _ heavy rain, i [is no wonder you were late ・A. a; aB. the; theC. /; /D. /; a55. （2008 年辽宁卷 24）My neighbor asked me to go for _____ w alk, but I don't think Fvc got ________ energy.A. a;不填B. the; theC.不境；theD. a; the—Sorry, we don't haveA. the; theB. the; aC. /; theD. the; / 40. （2007 北京卷） I looked under bed and found book 1 lost last week.A.the; aB. the: theC.不填；【heD. the:;不填41. （2007 山东卷） A. A;a ___ w alk is expected to last all day, so bring B. The;不填 packed lunch ・D. A;不填42. （2007 福建卷） —How about 43. （2007 B.Thc; a湖南卷）Polar bears live mostly onChristmas cvcning party? —I should say it was_C.a;不埴D.the;不填 success. A. a; a _sea ice, which they use as ______ platform for hunting seals. C.不填;a D. the;不填44. （2007 B. a; the 江苏港）We have every reason to believe that _____ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be _____ success.B. the ... / C ・the ・・・aD. a …a 45. （2007 A.a;/B.the; aC.the;theD./;a 46. （2007 陕西卷） Infilm Cast Away.Tom Hanks plays man named Chuck Noland. A.a; the B.the; a C.the; the D.a; a47. （2007 四川卷） How about taking short break? I want to make call.A. the ； a B ・ a ； the C ・ the ； the D ・ a ； a48. （2007 天津卷） I wanted to catch early train, but couldif t get ride to the station.A. an, theB. A theC. an,/D. the, a49. （2007 浙江卷） Ilikc color of your skirt. It is good match for your blouse.A. a; theB. a; a C ・ the; aD. the; the 50. （2007 重庆卷） Gorge couldn't remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it waschurch.56.（2008 全国II 卷 &） Ifs not __ good idea to drive for four hours without _____ break.A. a ; aB. the ; a C・ the ; the D. a ; the57.（2008 年ill东卷21）Students should be encouraged to use _ Internet as ______resource・A.不填；aB.不填；theC. the; theD. the; a5& （2008.重庆卷27） In many places in China, _______ bicycle is still ________ p opular means of transportation.A. a; theB. /; aC. the; aD. the; the59.（2008.浙江2） ___ apple fell from the tree and hit him on _________ head.A. An; theB. The; theC. An;不填D. The;不填60.（2008 四丿11 8）In the United States, there is always _ flow of people to areas of ______ country where more jobs can be found・A. a; theB. the ; aC. the; theD. a; a61.（2009 年北京卷33 ）The biggest whale is _blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the heightof ___ 9-story building・A. the; theB. a; a C・ a; the D. the; a62.（2009 海南、宁夏卷22） Let's go to _____ cinema-thatll take your mind off the problem for ________ w hile.A. the; theB. the; aC. a; theD. a ; a63.（2009 年江西卷25） Some people fear that ___air pollution may bring about changes in ______ weather around the world・A. /; theB. the; / C- an; the D. the; a64.（2009 年辽宁卷26） This area experienced _____ heaviest rainfall in _______month of May.A.不填；A.B. a; theC. the; theD. the ; a65.（10 福建）Ifs ______ ood feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them _____ pleasure.A.不填,aB. a,不填C. the, aD. a, the66.（10 山东）If we sit near ______ front of the bus, weTl have _________ b etter view.A.不填；theB.不填；aC. the; aD. the； the67.（10 *〔苏）The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that ________ people from all walks of life are working hard for _____ new Jiangsu.A•不填；a B.不填；the C. the； a D. the； the68.（10辽宁）There are over 5& 000 rocky objects in ________ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto ______ earth・A. the; theB.不填；theC. the;不填D. a; the69.（10」匕京）First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get — second chanee to make — first impression.A. a; theB. the; theC. a; aD. the; a70.（10 重庆）Everything comes with ______ price; there is no such ______ t hing as free lunch in the world.71 ・（10 浙江）Many lifestyle patterns do such _________ great harm to health that they actually speed up ____ weakening of the human body.A. a; /C. a; the 72. （10 四川）In ____________ most countries, a university degree can give you ____________flying start in life.73^ （2011 全国卷133）. It is generally accepted that _____boy must learn to stand up and fight like ___ man.A. a; aB. a; theC. the; theD. a;不填 74> （2011 全国卷 1116） . As he reached ____ front door, Jack saw _____ strange sight.A. the;不填B. a; theC.不填；aD. the; a 75（2011111 东卷21） • Take your time—it's just ________ short distance from here to ________ restaurant.A.不填；theB. a; theC. the; aD.不填；a76> （2011 江西卷 22）.——It's said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 _______ y ear.-一-Right, he will also get paid by ______ week.A. the; theB ・ a; theC ・ the; a D. a; a 77> （2011 浙江卷2） . Experts think that ______ recently discovered painting may be _________ Picasso.A. the 还填B. a ;theC. a;不填D. the; a78、（2011 四川卷 18） . Dr. Peter Spence, ___ headmaster of the school, told us, " _______ f ifth ofpupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.A.不填；AB.不填；TheC. the; TheD. a; A79^ （2011 陕西卷 13） .As is know to all, ____ People's Republic of China is _____ b iggestdeveloping country in the world.A. the ;不填B.不填；theC. the ； theD.不填；不填80> （2011 重庆卷26）. In communication, a smile is usually __________ s trong sign of a friendlyand _______ open attitude. 76-80 BDACC A. a, aB. the, /C. the, aD. a, /B. /; the D. /;/A. the; aB. the;不填C.不填；不填D.不填;aA. the, /答案:1・5 DCBCA26-30 ACDBB B. a, an 6-10 BBCBC 31-35 CDBBA C. a, / 1M5CCBCB 36-40CDBBBD ・ the, an 16-20BBDAD 21-25 CBBBB 41-45 CBCCA 46-50 BDDCC 51-55 DCBBD 56-60 ADCAA61-65DBABB 66-70 CABAD 71-75 BDADB。

专题一冠词用法【知识清单】一. 冠词的基本用法㈠不定冠词（a/an）的基本用法1.与可数名词单数连用, 表示类别。

-- I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over the keyboard.-- You shouldn’t put drinks near a computer.2.泛指某人或某物, 表示“某一个”, 相当于a certain。

-- Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?-- Sorry, wrong number. There isn’t a Mr. Smith here.3.用于数量、时间等名词前, 表示“每一（单位）的……”。

I earn 10 dollars an hour as a supermarket cashier on Saturdays.4.在抽象名词、物质名词前(特别是这两种名词有定语修饰时)用不定冠词, 使之意义具体化, 表示“一种”、“一件”、“一份”等。

It is an honour for me to be invited to the party.我被邀请参加聚会是一种荣誉。

(honour是抽象名词,an honour指一件荣誉的事)㈡定冠词(the)的基本用法1.用来特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。

所特指的名词常被短语或定语从句所修饰。

Of all the reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father’s advice was the most important one.2.指说话的双方都知道的人或事物。

Don’t worry if you can’t come to the party. I’ll save some cake for you.3.复述上文中提到的事物。

There is a shelf in my father’s room. The shelf is new.4.用于单数可数名词之前, 表示该类事物, 相当于a。

2020年高考冲刺试卷芳草香出品专题02 冠词Ⅰ.语法填空1The major construction work on the world’s longest cross-sea bridge，which connects Zhuhai in Guangdong Province with Hong Kong and Macao,1. (complete) last week.Near the airports of Hong Kong and Macao，the project is over one of the world’s 2. (busy) shipping routes(航线)，3. more than 4,000 ships pass by every day.Much to people’s relief，Chinese white dolphins，an endangered species，enjoy top level national 4. (protect) here.5． big ceremony was held in Zhuhai to celebrate the completion of the 55-km cross-sea route and to mark the start of road surfacing.“This means the construction has entered 6. (it) final stage，” said Zhu Yongling，head of the work.More than 400,000 tons of steel have been used for the 6.7-km undersea tunnel and 22.9-km bridge，enough 7. (build) 60 Eiffel Towers.Two floating cranes,8. a load of 3,200 tons and 2,300 tons respectively，worked together to lift and roll the tower,9. (set) a world record.“If it were not for the progress of ‘Made in China’，we c ouldn’t 10. (possible) have made it in such a short time，” he added.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界上最长的跨海大桥的建造工作和意义。

高三一轮语法回顾与训练---冠词、名词、主谓一致1.冠词分为不定冠词（a, an）、定冠词（the）和零冠词（不用冠词）。

名词分为可数名词和不可数名词两大类。

主谓一致是指句子的主语与谓语在人称、数上取得一致的情况。

2.考点归纳冠词一、不定冠词（a, an）1、a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。

易错常考点记忆：a university 一所大学a uniform 一件制服a universal truth 一个普遍事实a unique talent 一种独特才能a European country 一个欧洲国家a useful machine 一种有用的机器a one-parent family 一个单亲家庭an honest man 一个诚实的男人an hour and a half 一个半小时an umbrella 一把伞2、用于单数可数名词前，表示“一；每一；某一”等意思。

To get fully prepared for the coming examination, I think what you need now is a right learning method.The teacher recommended that I should take the medicine three times a day.3、用于具体化的物质名词或抽象名词前，表示“一阵/ 场/ 次/ 种”“具体的人或事”等。

Many people believed that mastering a foreign language is a must in international trade today.Paying children for chores（家常杂务）with an allowance（津贴）is a total failure when educating them to share the family responsibilities.4、用于第一次提及的非特指的可数名词前。

专题02冠词——高效演练一、单句语法填空1．I often have a chat with my friends on ________ phone in my spare time.【答案】the【解析】句意为：在我闲暇时我经常和朋友们在电话里聊天。

on the phone是习惯搭配。

故填the。

2．Health care workers are at risk of getting infectious diseases because of their exposure to patients.【答案】the【解析】句意为：医护人员有因接触病人而被感染的风险。

at the risk of“冒着……风险”是固定搭配，故填the。

3．If you want to see a doctor，you fix a date with him ahead of time.That is common practice in the USA.【答案】a【解析】句意为：如果你想去看医生，你要提前和他约定日期。

那在美国是一种惯例。

a common practice 意为“普遍的做法，惯例”，故填a。

4．In 2013，Beijing adopted emergency response program for air pollution.【答案】an【解析】emergency response应急响应，修饰单数可数名词program；又因为program前没有指示代词和形容词性物主代词可知此处应该用冠词；emergency又是首字母为元音音素发单词，故用an。

句意为：在2013年，北京通过了空气污染应急响应计划。

5．Usually the Player of the Year title is given to a big name from the best team.But this time there is ________exception .【答案】an【解析】根据句意“通常情况下，“年度最佳球员”这一头衔会给最好球队中的大牌运动员，但是这一次却是个例外。