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第五节代词和介词(短语)1．Nervously facing challenges，I know I will whisper to (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”．(2019·北京)答案myself解析考查代词。
句意为：焦虑不安地面临挑战时，我知道我将轻声对自己说：“做你自己。
”此处whisper to这一动作的发出者和承受者为同一人，宾语要用反身代词。
故填myself。
2．A study shows the students who are engaged in afterschool activities are happier than (that) who are not.(2019·天津)答案those解析考查代词。
句意为：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。
空格处代词对应the students，是复数，故填those。
3．Running is cheap，easy and it’s always energetic.If you are time poor，you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports，so perhaps we should all give a try.(2018·全国Ⅰ)答案running/it解析考查名词或代词。
此处号召我们尝试一下这种运动，因此可以填名词running，也可以用it指代。
give sth.a try尝试一下某事。
4．One cup of coffee in the late afternoon or evening will cause (they) to stay awakealmost all night.(2018·11月浙江)答案them解析考查代词。
2017届高考英语二轮复习第一部分专题增分练课时40 Ⅱ卷规范练（二）编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2017届高考英语二轮复习第一部分专题增分练课时40 Ⅱ卷规范练（二））的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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课时40 Ⅱ卷规范练（二）第Ⅱ卷第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分）第二节(共10小题；每小题1。
5分,满分15分）阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Also 1。
________ (know) as “paper paintings” and “painted pictures"， New Year paintings are 2。
________ unique art form in Chinese folk culture。
The paintings are called “New Year paintings” because they are 3.________ （most） posted during the Chinese New Year holiday 4。
________ decoration and they are also a symbol of New Year’s greetings。
New Year paintings 5.________ (appear） around the Tang Dynasty， replacing the previous door pictures 6。
课时08 完形填空（二）-解题技巧Ⅰ.阅读理解AIt's that time of year when people need to lock their cars. Is it because there are many criminals stealing cars？Not indeed. Rather，it's because of goodhearted neighbors who want to share their harvest.Sharon recently had a good year for tomatoes. She and her family had eaten and canned so many that they'd begun to feel their skin turn slightly red. That's when she decided it was time to share he r blessings. Eventually she found a neighbor willing to have the tomatoes. “Feel free to take whatever you want，”Sharon told her. Later that day，Sharon found that her garden had indeed been harvested. She thought it a good way to help someone and the food didn't go to waste.A few days later，the neighbor knocked at the door，holding a loaf of bread：“I want to thank you for all of the tomatoes，and I have to admit that I took a few other things and hoped you wouldn't mind.” Sharon couldn't think of anything in her garden that had been worth harvesting and said so. “But you did，”the neighbor said. “You had some of the prettiest zucchini.”Sharon was confused. She hadn't even planted any zucchini. But her neighbor insisted that there were bright green zucchini. Sharon's curiosity got the better of her and she had to go to see where the zucchini had grown. When the neighbor pointed at the long green vegetables，Sharon smiled. “Well，actually，those are cucumbers that we never harvested，because they got too big，soft and bitter.”The neighbor looked at Sharon，shock written all over her face. She hesitated a few times，and then smiling，held out the bread，part of a batch (一批生产量) she had shared all over the neighborhood，“I brought you a loaf of cucumber bread. I hope you like it.”[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是Sharon与邻里分享菜园收获的趣事。
语鹅市安置阳光实验学校课时35 代词Ⅰ.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)画掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I'm going to study in the senior middle school on September. I can live either at school and at home. But I can't decide because both has advantages and disadvantages. At home, I have my own room, but I can have a good sleep. However, I have to share one room with 5－6 student at school. Maybe I can't sleep good. It's a problem. Although I can have better food at home, I enjoy eat with my classmates. I think it's a great fun and I can make more friends. If I live at home, I'll have ride to school. It's a waste of time and not safely. It's so hard to make a decisio n.答案：I'm going to study in the senior middle schooloninSeptember. I can live either at schoolandorat home. But I can't decide because bothhashave advantages and disadvantages. At home, I have my own room,butso/andI can have a good sleep. However, I have to share one room with 5－6studentstudents at school. Maybe I can't sleepgoodwell. It's a problem. Although I can have better food at home, I enjoyeateatingwith my classmates. I think it's a﹨ great fun and I can make more friends. If I live at home, I'll have∧to ride to school. It's a waste of time and notsafelysafe. It's so hard to make a decisio n.Ⅱ.书面表达假设你是英文报纸Teens的编辑Collins，读者李华写信告诉你他对高中学校生活的压力和父母整天的唠叨感到很厌烦，打算辍学外出打工，到社会上闯荡一下。
第2讲无提示词类先定填哪类词→再定填哪个词(一)根据句子本身的含义考点1填冠词1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was __69__ joke.解析a joke “笑话，玩笑”，是可数名词。
空格后的joke为单数，故其前用a。
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Unexpectedly, I'm face－to－face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at __62__ top of her lungs.解析the at the top of one's lungs意为“以某人最大音量”，为固定短语。
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)As __65__ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.解析a as a result为固定短语意为“结果，因此”。
若空后有名词且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，则一般填冠词。
此外，还需注意冠词的固定搭配。
考点2填介词1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack __63__ dogs, seven to be exact.解析of a pack of是固定搭配，意为“一群……”。
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I was searching __67__ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing.解析for search for为固定搭配，意为“寻找，搜寻”。
Ⅱ卷强化增分练训练1Ⅰ.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2016·绍兴市鲁迅中学质检)One sentence from the news in Washington has remained in my mind since a trip last summer：“When you see people run against the crowd escaping 1 the danger，they are 2 (probable) firefighters，police or journalists.”I think this is most true for the firefighters.Whenever and wherever 3 (disaster) happen—9/11 Attacks in New York 14 years ago or the explosion in Tianjin on Wednesday night－it is always the firefighters 4 take the lead to run to the very center，saving lives by 5 (risk) their own.I cried today near the explosion site，not because of the smoke from the ongoing fire 6 because of a short messagea firefighter sent to a trusted friend that went viral online.It reads，“If I cannot make it，my father is 7 (you) father; and please remember 8 (sweep) my mother's tomb.” I was thrilled later to learn that he did make it.“Everyone knows it's 9 (danger) to be a firefighter.But he has always likedit and has done it for 12 years，” his father said.“He survived this time，but no one knows what 10 (happen) next time.”本文是一篇记叙文。
课时33 情态动词和虚拟语气Ⅰ.阅读理解AAt railway stations all across Britain next week, groups of students will gather with their backpacks to wait for the trains that will carry them home for Christmas. This is as large a movement of human beings as before, but with more contradictory traffic flows, trains filled with the young pass each other traveling in every directio n.At first, I went home every weekend with my washing, but then those visits became less regular. How did I let my parents know I was coming? They had no phone. Perhaps I wrote to them (“Expect me with dirty shirts this Friday afternoon”), but more likely I didn't let them know, and just turned up or didn't turn up, not understanding that my parents' hopes of seeing me were a greater disappointment of my carelessness than a spoiled tea.And in all this I suspected I was typical, at least of young me n. As for our fathers and mothers, none of them talked of “the empty nest syn drome(综合征)”，even though its possible effect that the main human duty is to protect and feed the young would have suited their generation better than ours. Today, it's a condition with remedies,_which will make parents feel more enjoyable in their life. The Mayo Clinic, for example, suggests you try to maintain regular contact with your children through “visits, phone calls, emails, texts or video chats”. If you feel unhappy, lean on loved ones or your mental health providers. Above all, stay positive. Thinking about the extra time and energy you might have to devote to your marriage or personal interests after your last child leaves home might help you adapt to this major life change.What can't be denied, however, is that children often leave home. In modern society, this is what they do. Christmas is the very time when they can be depended on to retur n.For the nonreligious, that may be this season's true comfort and significance.[语篇解读] 圣诞节前夕英国大批学生要乘火车回家，由此作者想到了那些空巢老人，希望年轻人能给予他们更多的关心。
说理议论+社会文化+应用广告+逸闻趣事A(2017·四川乐山调研)When people around you agree with you，it improves your confidence and allows you to relax and feel comfortable.Unfortunately，that comfort usually keeps you away from achieving more success in your career，especially when you are in a leader position.So it feels nice to have people agree，but you need some regular conflicts，that is to say，to have people raise different views so that you can dig out the deeper truth and avoid suffering from being too much on just one side.So do you often share your opinions on most subjects with people around you and encourage them to debate？If yes，set it as a tradition in your company or department.At first，it seems a challenge to create an environment where people are in free atmosphere to disagree and argue，but remember：from sharp conflicts come sound judgments，and from sound judgments come right decisions.That’s because most of the time you have to collect different opinions from different angles to help yourself identify your blind spots before you form the real brilliant ideas.However，effective debates do not require angry quarrels and embarrassments.So you need to set some ground rules so everyone understands responsibilities，boundaries and rewards.Rule No.1：The goal of debating is not to win over others but to get to the truth that will allow you and your staff to move faster and better.Rule No.2：Fierce debating with strong emotion hurts feelings and does harm to teamwork.So repeatedly remind your staff，best with smiles and humors，that this is friendly opinion sharing time for a common goal instead of a battle between two enemies trying with full efforts to beat the other one down to earth.Rule No.3：All those involved in the debates shall get rewards when the goals are reached，thus they know how much you appreciate their contributions.The more they feel appreciated，the more they’ll be willing to contribute their talents with full heart in the future.1．What happens when your staff all agree with you?A．It may improve your work effectively.B．It creates harmonious working atmosphere.C．You are likely to make more right decisions.D．You may have problems in career advancing.答案 D解析细节理解题。
课时29 并列句和状语从句（一）Ⅰ.阅读理解AAn electric signal can trick a monkey's brain into believing the animal's finger has been touched.Touch something， and your brain knows. The hand sends signals to the brain to announce contact was made. But that feeling of touch may not require making actual contact， tests on monkeys now show. Zapping brain cells can fool the animal into thinking its finger has touched something.A person who has lost a limb or become paralyzed may need an artificial limb to complete everyday tasks. But such patients may not truly feel any objects they hold. The new findings point toward one day creating a sense of touch in those who use such artificial limbs. Psychologist Sliman Bensmaia of the University of Chicago worked on the new tests. His team's findings appeared on October 14 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.The sense of touch is crucial to everyday tasks： People without it may have difficulty cracking an egg， lifting a cup or even turning a doorknob. That's why restoring it is a major goal for designers of artificial limbs.In their new study， Bensmaia and his coworkers worked with rhesus monkeys. The scientists implanted electrodes(电极)—small devices that can detect and relay an electrical signal—into the animals' brains. The scientists used the electrode data to identify which neurons had become active. Then the scientists used the implanted electrodes to zap those same neurons. And the monkeys reacted as though their fingers had been touched. In fact， they hadn't.The monkeys couldn't use words to tell the scientists what they had felt. Instead， they communicated by looking in a particular direction—just as when they had really been touched.The new findings show how touchsensitive devices could be built. The new study also offers “a nice clear pathway” for figuring out how to restore a sense of touch to an amputee(被截肢者) or someone with a injury of spinal cord.The study shows how artificial limbs might be connected to the brain so that a person can “feel” with such a prosthesis(假肢). But such a supersensory device doesn't exist yet and scientists have a lot of work to do before people will benefit from it. Researchers must first figure out whether the electrodes would work in people in the same way they do in monkeys.“I think the foundation is laid for human trials，” Bensmaia said.[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了研究人员正在研制的一种触觉装置，这有可能让那些残疾人利用假肢来获得触觉。
1.What does the underli ned word “it” refer to？A.The sense of touch.B.An artificial limb.C.The turning of a doorknob.D.The lifting of a cup.解析：代词指代题。
根据第四段中的“The sense of touch is crucial to everyday tasks：People without it may have difficulty cracking an egg，lifting a cup or even turning a doorknob”可知这里的it指的是前面的“The sense of touch”。
答案：A2.Bensmaia tested monkeys to prove that the feeling of touch ________.A.is important to everyday tasksB.may not require making actual contactC.is a problem of life and deathD.may be a challenge for designers of artificial limbs解析：推理判断题。
根据第五段中的“Then the scientists used the implanted electrodes to zap those same neurons.And the monkeys reacted as though their fingers had been touched.In fact，they hadn't”可知，B项正确。
答案：B3.The last sentence of the text suggests humans ________.A.will use touchsensitive devicesB.will test monkeys soony foundations for monkey trialsD.will be tested on the electrodes解析：推理判断题。
结合最后一段“'I think the foundation is laid for human trials，'Bensmaia said”可知，Bensmaia认为进行人类试验的基础已经打好了，因此选D。
答案：D4.The passage is mainly about ________.A.restoring a sense of touchB.fooling a clever monkeyC.making new artificial limbsD.sending a signal with electrodes解析：主旨大意题。
本文主要介绍了关于恢复触觉的研究，还介绍了科学家们利用猴子进行这种触觉实验的情况。
因此A项符合主题。
答案：ABSummer is coming and the weather is heating up. Are you drinking enough water？Many kids aren't， according to a new study by Erica Kenney， a scientist at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health who originally planned to look into the amount of sugary drinks kids were consuming in schools. However， during her research she found many kids were not drinking enough water.Kenney examined data from a group of 4，000 children， ages 6 to 19， between 2012 and 2015. The data was taken from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey， a study on the health of children in America conducted each year by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.While looking through the survey results， she noticed more than half of the surveyed kids were dehydrated. Of that group， boys were 76% more likely than girls to have no enough water in their system. Nearly one quarter of the kids in the surveyreported drinking no water at all.“These findings are significant because they highlight a potential health issue not given much attention to before，” Kenney said in a statement. “This is not an immediate， dramatic health threat， but could really reduce quality of life and wellbeing for many children.”60% of the human body is made up of water. It regulates body temperature，delivers oxygen all over the body， assists in digestion， and performs various other tasks that keep our bodies healthy. Not drinking enough water can cause health problems like headaches and poor physical performance.Kenney says on average， kids need 10 to 14 cups of water every day. This water can come from foods containing high amounts of water， such as melons or tomatoes. Kids should drink water instead of sugary drinks that are high in calories and can cause weight problems.“The good news is that this is a public health problem with a simple solution，”said Steven Gortmaker.[语篇解读] 本文是说明文。
