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题型训练阅读理解（二）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
ADay 1 ArrivalUpon arrival in Kunming, your Kunming tour guide will wait for you at the airport and help you to transfer to the hotel.Day 2 KunmingDay 3 Kunming →Dali (by air)21. What might the tourists be doing at 11:00 on the second day?A. Preparing for lunch.B. Relaxing in the hotel.C. Going to the Stone Forest.D. Visiting the Flower and Bird Market.22. What are the tourists recommended to do for evening activities in Kunming?A. To watch Dynamic Yunnan.B. To enjoy the local food.C. To buy handmade crafts.D. To wander about in the city.23. Why are tourists recommended to hike to the top while visiting Dali?A. Because it takes little effort to hike to the top.B. Because they can get full view of the old town.C. Because it is the only site to enjoy the scenery.D. Because they can take pictures of the three pagodas.BWhen I was about 5 years old, I experienced my very first random act of kindness. I was sitting at the roadside one evening, crying alone for some reason when suddenly, a boy came up to me and gave me a plastic rose, I remember the moment when I took the rose from his hand; I was smiling from ear to ear, whispering “I want to be like him” to myself as I watched him walking away.From then on, I made it as my life mission to do random acts of kindness whenever I can. I was very determined to make other people smile. That was the only reason why I joined myschool’s Red Crescent Society and became a volunteer. Unfortunately, not everyone thinks in the same way as I did. Whenever I do something nice to others, people around me will start to judge my actions. Often I will just keep quiet and ignore what they say, but every once in a while, they do drive me up the wall.These people like to complain about how humans nowadays are lacking of humanities and compassion. However, when they actually see somebody doing a good deed in front of them, they start to question and criticize that person’s honesty. Perhaps it is the increasing crime rate and the never-ending rat race that caused them to be so suspicious to nice strangers. In other words, people nowadays have lost sight of the real meaning of kindness and just let it go unnoticed. That is why I think random acts of kindness are really important. These selfless acts are not only capable of bringing joy to the receivers but also to the givers. Because of this, I want to help spread the idea of these random acts to the whole world. I want to show the people how the little things they give could make a big difference in someone else’s life.24. What was the influence of the boy’s rose on the author?A. It made the author feel ashamed.B. The author decided to follow suit.C. The author said a lot to the boy.D. It gave the author strength and hope.25. Why did the author join the school’s Red Crescent Society?A. To be a volunteer.B. To live a happy life.C. To make others smile.D. To have a good time.26. Which can replace the underlined phrase in Paragraph 2?A. Make me very angry.B. Bring difficulty to me.C. Force me to climb the wall.D. Force me to the dead corner.27. What can be inferred from the third paragraph?A. Rats are always running on the streets.B. Those who do good deeds are respected.C. The author feels sad about other people.D. Trust between people is decreasing.CThe Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around theworld.Westerners’ understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage（针灸、拔罐和按摩）. For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U.S. swimmer Michael Phelps’ back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016.As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 WHO member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs.Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients（原材料）jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs.Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescription handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou’s winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or medicine for her research into malaria（疟疾）treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China’s TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time.28. Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps?A. Because he was injured in his swimming.B. Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment.C. Because westerners know a little about TCM.D. Because westerners attached great importance to TCM.29. Why don’t some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine?A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases.B. Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture.C. Because Western medicine is more effective.D. Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly.30. Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4?A. The methods of planting herbs.B. The effectiveness of prescription.C. Lacking in standardization.D. Its stable functions.31. The lack of creativity in TCM refers to the fact that ________.A. Medicine-making companies lack creativityB. Prescriptions are got from the pastC. Western companies are more experiencedD. Medicine-making companies lack driving forceDAn exciting landing process of Chang’e-4 lunar probe (月球探测器）was seen through the monitor at Beijing Aerospace Control Center in Beijing, Jan. 3, 2019. It touched down on the far side of the moon at 10:26 a.m. Beijing Time, becoming the first spacecraft soft-landing on the moon’s unknown side never visible from Earth.China’s Chang’e-4 probe has started the exploration on the far side of the moon thanks to the relay satellite that provides a communication link with ground control. The relay satellite, named Queqiao, meaning Magpie Bridge, after a Chinese legend, was launched on May 21, 2018, and became the first communication satellite operating in the halo orbit, nearly 500,000 km fromthe earth. It can also provide communication for probes from other countries. The relay satellite will also be used for scientific and technological experiments. The maximum distance between the satellite and the Chang’e-4 probe on the far side of the moon is 79,000 km. The satellite processes data from the probe and sends it to Earth.The satellite can stay in its orbit for a long time due to its relatively low fuel consumption, as the earth’s and moon’s gravity balances its orbital moving. While in orbit, it can see both the earth and the far side of the moon.The concept of using a relay satellite in the halo orbit was first put forward by U.S. space experts in the 1960s, but was realized by Chinese space engineers.Researchers hope to use the cameras on the satellite to record asteroids (小行星）hitting the far side of the moon. To control the cost of the Chang’e-4 probe, the relay satellite was designed to be relatively small, weighing about 400 kg.Researchers had just 30 months to develop the satellite, putting them under high pressure. To promote public interest in space exploration, the China National Space Administration invited people to write down their wishes for lunar and space exploration, and the relay satellite carries the names of tens of thousands of participants and their messages.32. What do we learn from the second paragraph?A. The relay satellite was launched on Jan. 3, 2019.B. Chang’e-4 probe was the first communication satellite.C. The relay satellite only explores the far side of the moon.D. The relay satellite can handle data from Chang’e-4 probe.33. Why was the size of the relay satellite relatively small?A. To reduce the cost as much as possible.B. To make it circle Moon for a longer time.C. To avoid being crashed by other satellites.D. To follow American space experts’ advice.34. What made researchers suffer from great stress?A. Few people interested in the exploration on the moon.B. The relay satellite carrying too much equipment.C. Their lacking enough time to develop the relay satellite.D. People’s never being optimistic about the relay satellite35. What is the main idea of the text?A. China is a new space power after the USA.B.Change-4 probe lands on Moon’s far side.C. Chinese space engineers make much progress.D. Space exploration is a dangerous challenge.参考答案21 -23 DAB 24 -27BCAD 28-31 CDCB 32-35 DACB。
题型训练阅读理解（六）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A. B. C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AWelcome to National Poetry MonthBasic InformationNational Poetry Month is to bring about awareness and appreciation of poetry. Some of the goals include reading poems, writing poems, and helping teachers bring poetry into the classroom.Special ActivitiesRecite Poetry to a Pet9th MayWe’ve come up with some fun exercises to get you into the spirit of creative expression. You can recite poetry to a pet by changing the sound or speaking loudly and clearly enough to communicate without explanation. Doing this can not only help strengthen public speaking ability but also deepen your understanding of a particular piece.Become a Romantic10th~11th MayDo you ever notice how beautiful nature is? There are so many wonderful poems which have been inspired by the seasons, celebrating the beauty of a snowflake or the spring sunshine awakening plants and animals. Why not become a poet yourself and share the beauty you saw in nature with others?Act out a Poem12th~13th MayMany poets find it hard to share their words because what they write about are personal subjects. But not all poetry is about emotions. Poetry is a living force that can be very powerful when it is shown both as a performance and as words on social media.Poetry by Heart 22th~25th MayWe take pleasure in reading or hearing something that reflects what is in our minds or in our hearts. We will experience relief if it expresses feelings we’ve kept bottled up. Similarly, reciting a poem to yourself or to someone else can be very rewarding. Sometimes it’s easier to say how we feel with someone else’s words than our own, especially if they’re put together beautifully.21.What is the main purpose of National Poetry Month?A. To encourage people to learn more about poetry and enjoy it.B. To help people get creative ideas to celebrate a festival.C. To combine poetry with people’s daily life.D. To remember the beauty of old poetry.22.What does the activity Become a Romantic mainly advise people to do?A. Adjust to the change of the seasons.B. Find and enjoy the beauty of nature.C. Try to write and share their own poems.D. Get some inspiration from beautiful seasons.23.Which activity will be held in late May?A. Recite Poetry to a Pet.B. Become a Romantic.C. Act out a Poem.D. Poetry by Heart.BMost of us might only begin to think about dinner in the late afternoon: What should I make today? But Jelena Petrovic begins to think about her big meal early each morning. After morning tea, she and her husband, Milan, begin their plans for a traditional Serbian dish. The cooking method they use probably comes from Jelena’s mother or grandmother. Each recipe uses local foods found in Serbian markets.Milan goes to the market to get the food they need. And the 69-year-old Jelena makes plans forhow she will explain the cooking process to her 150,000 followers on YouTube. Once she is ready, Jelena films her cooking show from a small kitchen table. Milan holds the camera.Jelena has many years of cooking experience at home. Ten years ago, she started an online program, where she shared recipes and cooking suggestions for meat, soup, bread, sweet treats and more.Her number of followers grew over time. She decided to start a blog and began also making videos she filmed with her mobile phone. Today, her videos on YouTube have over 50 million views. Last year, “Granny’s Kitchen” was named one of the Top 50 YouTube channels in Serbia.Now her YouTube channel takes up much of her day. She works from her small kitchen and home office. Colorful plants and flowers fill the room. A bright cloth covers the table where she works. She says she gets tired from cooking long hours each day. But, she said, “My viewers wait for a new recipe every morning. If I am late, they will ask if I am well or what is happening.”Often, her viewers write that the recipes bring back happy memories of their childhood. “My recipes are all local, traditional home-food recipes,” Jelena said. “I make things my mother or grandmother used to make.”24.What is special about Jelena’s dealing with dinner?A. She prepares dinner with special foods.B. She considers her dinner plan earlier.C. She asks her husband to prepare dinner.D. She completes dinner in the late afternoon.25.Which of the following can best describe “Granny’s Kitchen”?A. Boring.B. Simple.C. Little-known.D. Popular.26.How does Milan help his wife make the cooking program?A. By cooking food.B. By explaining the cooking process.C. By buying goods and shooting the videos.D. By analyzing cooking methods for dinner.27.What encourages Jelena to continue her cooking program?A. Her viewers’ care and expectation.B. Her love for traditional home food.C. Her happy memories of childhood.D. Her real interest in cooking food.CIn spring, chickens start laying eggs again, bringing a welcome source of protein at winter’s end. So it’s no surprise that cultures around the world celebrate spring by honoring the egg.Some traditions are simple, like the red eggs that get baked into Greek Easter breads. Others upgrade the egg into a fancy art, like the heavily jewel-covered “eggs” that were favored by the Russians starting in the 19th century.One ancient form of egg art is egg painting, which comes to us from Ukraine. For centuries, Ukrainians have been drawing complicated patterns on eggs. Contemporary artists have followed this tradition and adapted the traditional methods to create eggs that speak to the anxieties of our age: Life is precious, and delicate. Eggs are, too.“There’s something about their delicate nature that crazily appeals to me,” says New Yorker cartoonist Roz Chast. Several years ago, she became interested in egg painting and learned the traditional Ukrainian technique to draw her very modern characters. “I’ve broken eggs at every stage of the process — from the very beginning to the very, very end.”But there’s an appeal in that vulnerability. “There’s part of this sickening horror that I kind of like, the horror of knowing you’re walking on the edge with this, knowing that it could all fall apart at any second.” Chast’s designs, such as a worried man alone in a tiny boat, reflect that delicateness.Traditional Ukrainian decorated eggs also spoke to those fears. The complex and detailedpatterns were believed to offer protection against evil.Egg painting art, dating back to 300 B.C., was later absorbed into the Christian church. The old symbols, however, still survive. A decorated egg with a bird on it, given to a young married couple, is a wish for children. A decorated egg thrown into the field would be a wish for a good harvest.28. What do we learn about the decorated “eggs” in Russia?A. They are shaped like jewel cases.B. They are heavily painted in red.C. They are favored as a form of art.D. They are valued by the rich.29. Why have contemporary artists continued the tradition of egg painting?A. Because eggs serve as a symbol of the coming of spring.B. Because eggs provide a source of protein in winter’s end.C. Because eggs provide a unique surface to paint on.D. Because eggs reflect the anxieties of people today.30. Which of the following best explains “vulnerability” underlined in paragraph 5?A. Delicateness.B. Technique.C. Fear.D. Anxiety.31. What is the main idea of the text?A. Egg painting art preserves traditional and popular symbols.B. Different cultures have different ways of honoring the egg.C. Ukrainian egg painting art appeals to contemporary artists.D. Egg painting art continues and develops in pace with time.DImagine you enter a car with no steering wheel, no brake or accelerator pedals (踏板). Under a voice-activated command, you say an address. “The fastest route will take us 15.3 minutes. Should I take it?” You say “yes” and you are on your way. The car responds and starts moving all by itself. All you have to do is to sit back and relax.How strange would it be if, one day in the future, everyone had such a car? No crazy driving, no quarrels, no cutting in; traffic laws would be respected and driving much safer. On the other hand, imagine the cost savings for local police enforcement (强制执行) and town budgets without all those speeding and parking tickets.A new technology has the potential to change modern society thoroughly. There’s no question that self-driving vehicles could be an enormous benefit. The potential for safer cars means accident statistics would drop: some 94% of road accidents in the U.S. involve human error. Older drivers and visually-or physically-disabled people would gain a new level of freedom. Maintaining safe speeds and being electric, self-driving cars would sharply reduce pollution levels and dependency on non-renewable fuels. Roads would be quieter, people safer.But we must also consider the impact of the new technology on those who now depend on driving for their living. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, in May 2015 there were 505,560 registered school bus drivers. The American Trucking Association lists approximately 3.5 million professional truck drivers in the U.S. The companies developing self-driving vehicles should be partnering with state and federal authorities to offer retraining for this massive workforce, many of whom will be displaced by the new technology.New technologies will, and should, be developed. This is how society moves forward. However, progress can’t be one-sided. It is necessary for the companies and state agencies involved to consider the moral consequences of these potential changes to build a better future for all.32. What would be the effect of the wide use of driverless cars?A. More policemen would inspect the streets.B. People would never feel angry about the traffic.C. It would save local governments a lot of money.D. Traffic regulations would be a thing of the past.33. How would the elderly and the disabled benefit from driverless cars?A. They would get rid of air pollution.B. They could enjoy greater mobility.C. They would suffer no road accidents.D. They could go anywhere they want.34. What would be the negative effect of driverless cars?A. The conflict between labor and management would sharpen.B. Many drivers would have to find new ways of earning a living.C. Drivers would have a hard time adapting to new road conditions.D. The gap between various departments of society would be widened.35. What does the author suggest businesses and the government do?A. Enable everyone to benefit from new technologies.B. Keep pace with technological developments.C. Make new technologies affordable to everyone.D. Popularize the use of new technologies and devices.参考答案21-35 21—23 ACD24—27 BDCA28—31 CDAD32—35 CBBA。
题型训练阅读理解（一）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
AFormal Afternoon TeasA pot of tea, a plate of finger sandwiches and a selection of pastries and scones: In America, this wonderful way to wile away the afternoon is commonly, though mistakenly, known as “high tea.” In Britain, where it originated, “high tea” is simply an old-fashioned name for the evening meal; it’s also called “meal tea.” The light, elegant, scone-centric meal served at fancy hotels is called “low tea” or “afternoon tea”. Whatever you call it, here are four places to get afternoon tea on Long Island. Prices are per person.Chat Noir230 Merrick Rd., Rockville Centre516-208-8521, Owner Emma Tso is a talented pastry chef, and her afternoon tea($22) includes sandwiches, miniature pastries, warm scones, cream and jam and a pot of tea. Open 7 days a week. Reservations required.Robinson’s Tea Room97-E Main St., Stony Brook631-751-1232Robinson’s service afternoon tea Tuesday to Sunday. $26 buys unlimited tea, about 10 finger sandwiches, fresh scones, cream and jam and desserts. Reservations required.The Secret Garden Tea Cafe& Gift Shoppe225 Main St., Port Jefferson631-476-8327, The Street Garden’s menu has more modest options, but the full afternoon tea, $26.95, includes scones, fresh fruit, tea sandwiches, mini desserts and a pot of tea. Open Tuesday to Sunday.The Hidden Oak CafeBayard Cutting Arboretum, Montauk Highway, Great River631-277-3895, The cafe is open Tuesday to Sunday. Afternoon tea($25.95) includes tea sandwiches, desserts and pastries, scones with cream and jam and a pot of tea. Reservations required 24 hours in advance.21.What do we know about British afternoon tea?A.It’s known as “meal tea”.B. It’s centered on desserts.C.It’s served at fancy hotels.D. It’s originated from America.22.Which number should you call to reserve for a Monday afternoon tea?A. 516-208-8521B. 631-751-1232C. 631-476-8327D. 631-277-389523.Where can you get afternoon tea with fresh fruit?A. At Chat NoirB. At Robinson’s Tea RoomC. At the Hidden Oak CafeD. At the Secret Garden Tea Cafe& Gift ShoppeBThe dad of the two youngest survivors of US Airways Flight 1549’s incredible landing in the Hudson River said the near-death experience “brought out the best in humanity.” It has been a decade since US Airways Flight 1549 landed in the Hudson River.Sosa, now 58, told The Post in an email Monday. “As strange as the experience was, it brought out the best in humanity as witnessed by the selfless efforts of so many men and women who came to our aid without thinking twice about their safety. I am grateful to all of them.”Sosa and his wife Tess were traveling to Charlotte, North Carolina, that day with 9-month-old Damian and 4-year-old Sofia. The couple were sitting several rows apart when the Airbus A320 suddenly struck a flock of Canada geese moments after taking off from LaGuardia Airport.Sosa could smell jet fuel burning and immediately knew they were in danger. “There was an explosion in the left engine which I could see from my seat,” he recalled. “The next thing I knew the plane went dead silent when both engines broke down. I got a quick glance at Tess seated ahead of me when we both realized we were in trouble.”The next three minutes were harrowing(折磨). The powerless plane plunged over The Bronx and pointed toward the Hudson, where it would eventually ditch(在水上迫降), thanks to a split-second decision by Capt. Sullenberger. All 155 people on board could survive. Works helped with the rescue mission after the US Airways plane crashed into the Hudson River in the afternoon on January 15 in New York City.The dad this year 2019 who welcomed a new child, Phoebe, with Tess in the years after the incident — said “To date, it remains an unforgettable memory, a key point in our lives from which we perceive(感知) the world and process our day-to-day experiences,” said Sosa. “When you survive a near-miss experience, I think it makes one more tolerant. It makes you appreciate every day as a gift.”24. When did the US Airways plane crashed into the Hudson River?A. 2007B. 2009C. 2011D. 201925. The underlined sentence most probably means_____.A. making effortsB. expressing gratitudeC. displaying virtuesD. showing anger26. What can be learned about Sosa and Tess?A. A disaster made them cherish every day.B. They were traveling to Charlotte, South Carolina that day.C. They realized they were in danger when the left engine failed.D. They were sitting together when the plane struck a flock of Canada geese.27. What may be the best title of the passage?A. Landing in the HudsonB. Unforgettable flightC. Horrifying flightD. Miracle on the HudsonCHave you ever spent an afternoon in the backyard, maybe grilling or enjoying a basketball game, when suddenly you notice that everything goes quiet? There is an old phrase “calm before the storm”, often used in a situation---a quiet period just before a great activity or excitement. According to our own experience, we know there is actually calm before the storm. But what causes this calm? And is it always calm before the storm?A period of calm happens in a particular kind of storm, the simplest kind of storm---a single-cell thunderstorm. In this type of thunderstorm, there is usually only one main stream of current, which is warm, damp air and drawn from places near the ground. Storms need warm and damp air as fuel, so they typically draw that air in from surrounding environment. Storms can draw in the air that fit their need from all directions—even from the direction in which the storm is traveling.As the warm, damp air is pulled into a storm system, it leaves a low-pressure vacuum(真空) coming after. The rising air meets the cold dry air that has already existed in the storm clouds, thus the temperature of the warm, damp air drops, and the water vapor in it changes into tiny drops that are a precondition of rain. These drops accumulate and build on larger particles(颗粒) like dust, until they grow large enough to form raindrops.This warm, damp air keeps moving upwards, but it becomes cooler and drier during its trip through cloud. When it reaches the top of the cloud, the air is squeezed out at the top. This air is sent rolling out over the big thunderclouds. From there, the air goes down. Warm and dry air is relatively stable, and once it covers a region, that air, in turn, causes the calm before a storm.Most thunderstorms, though, don't start with calm. That's because most are actually groups of storms with complex wind patterns. There's so much air moving up and down storm groups that the calm before the storm never happens. Instead, before the storm, it might be really windy!28. Which best fits the description of a particular kind of storm?A.A thunderstorm with a single shape.B.A thunderstorm without strong winds.C.A storm with air drawn from every direction.D.A storm fueled by moving air from the ground.29. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Warm and wet air.B. Warm and dry air.C. Cold and wet air.D. Cold and dry air.30. Which does the writer most likely agree to?A. Presence of the calm relies on stable air.B. All thunderstorms don’t start with the calm.C. The drier the air is, the bigger the storm will be.D. Storm happens without air moving up and down.31. What is the passage mainly about?A. A brief introduction of a peaceful storm.B. A personal experience of a heavy storm.C. An explanation of the calm before a storm.D. An analysis of causes and effects of a storm.DAs the international demand for narrative(叙事的) film/TV content continues to increase with popular streaming services like Netflix and others the two questions then come: will the cominggenerations receive most of their entertainment through visual means rather than through the written word and will such an increase of narrative film/ TV reduce the importance of reading?Growing examples of this trend include the diminishment(减少) of fiction in the common core (核心的)curriculum, the ever－rising culture of computer games, the wave of streaming services of wide international reach, and movies filled with special effects made for children and teenagers. Nor must we ignore the economic dangers that lie ahead for the written word. The narrative film industry is a moneymaker that dwarfs(使相形见绌) the publishing industry.The other underlying question, of course, is “does it really matter if the written word bows to the world of film/TV?” From my point of view, any diminishment of fiction delivered by words is a loss for mankind.There is no greater human feature than the imagination. It lies at the very soul of the human species. It is the brain’s most powerful engine. It is the essential muscle of life and like all muscles it must be exercised and strengthened.Writing and reading are the principal tools that inspire, create and empower our imagination. Anything that diminishes that power is the enemy of mankind.It should be known that I am not opposed to new media and technological advances. Instead, I have always felt it necessary to adapt to advancing technology. In fact, a number of my novels are in various stages of development for film, TV, and live stage productions. My hope is that the written word will only stand to be complemented(补充)by its visual counterparts(对应物), not pushed to the edge of extinction.Of course, there are those who will present arguments for the superiority of the moving image over the written word. Each has its place. My argument is for finding the right balance between it and the moving image.32. In what way does narrative film/TV embarrass the written word?A. Economic benefitsB. International reachC. Cultural influenceD. Educational importance33. Why does the author value the role of the written word?A. It strengthens our muscles.B. It helps sharpen imagination.C. It distinguishes man from each other.D. It paves the way for narrative film/TV.34. What is the author’s attitude towards technology?A. CautiousB. SkepticalC. PositiveD. Critical35. What’s the author concerned about?A. The fate of reading.B. The extinction of fiction.C. The impact of the written word.D. The future of the moving image.参考答案21-23 CAD24-27 BCAD28-31DABC32-35 ABCA题型训练阅读理解（二）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
阅读理解专题13AWhether you prefer burning the midnight oil or going to bed early so you can get up at the break of dawn depends on your genes,according to experts.I jump out of bed each morning,eager to start an active day.But I can hear my neighbour’s alarm clock ringing non-stop every morning and I doubt he gets to work on time.A lot of noise comes from his flat in the evening.He’s happy to stay up watching TV till after midnight,while I go to bed early and try to sleep.Well,it might not be his fault after all.I’m called “a lark(百灵鸟)” and my neighbour “an owl(猫头鹰)”.We all have inside “clocks” in the brain to control all kinds of bodily functions and it is reset every day by light.These inside clocks run to a different schedule in “larks”and “owls”.If you have a fast clock,you like to do things early,and if you have a slow clock,you like to do things late.Because we live in a 24/7 world,scientists believe it’s important to understand a person’s “chronotype”—the time of the day when they function the best.It could help us lead a healthier life.A US professor has studied sleeping patterns and thinks work times should be changed and made more individual to fit in with our chronotypes.And he has advice for those who can’t choose their working hours:“If that’s not possible,we should be more careful about light exposure,” says the professor.“You should try to go to work not in a covered vehicle but on a bike.The minute the sun sets we should use things that have no blue light,like computer screens and other electronic devices.”【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。
1、 A large male emperor penguin waddles(蹒跚行走) slowly across the ice to the water. He dives deep into the cold salt water and then springs back onto the ice. Nearby a female penguin sleeps as her baby rests on the top of her feet. The penguins are enjoying another beautiful day of sunshine and freezing temperatures in the Penguin Encounter, a special home built for them in sunny California.The Penguin Encounter is located at SeaWorld in San Diego. It was built to help study the emperor penguin,the l argest of all penguins. The emperor penguins’ natural home is in the Antarctic, near the South Pole. Increases in Earth’s temperatures could cause large amounts of ice to break up. Scientists feared that this drastic(剧烈的) change in the environment could destroy the emperor penguins’ nesting areas. This would cause the number of emperor penguins to greatly decrease. A new home for them seemed to be the perfect solution.Scientists wanted to make the Penguin Encounter a comfortable home for the black-and-white feathered birds. A team of scientists was sent to the Antarctic to learn more about the emperor penguins Scientist Frank Todd led the team. Todd is an expert on penguins. He has spent more than 25 years studying them.Getting close to the emperor penguins in the Antarctic wasn’t difficult for the group of scientists. Sometimes they would waddle close to Todd and his team. The scientists concluded that this behavior could be the result of poor eyesight. Penguins are nearsighted, which allows them to see better in the water than on land. Another possible reason for their behavior was that they had little to fear on the ice. Their enemies, such as leopard seals and killer whales,hunt mainly in the water.Todd and his team spent many months studying the diet and social habits of the emperor penguins. It was easy to get close to the penguins, but it wasn't easy to study them.In the Antarctic, the temperature rarely rises above zero degree, which is perfect for penguins, hut not for scientists. Once Todd and his team had finally gathered enough information, they made plans for a new home in California for a number of emperor penguins. Scientists hoped to study the birds in conditions that were more scientist-friendly. When the "new Antarctic" was completed, Todd and his team brought several hundred emperor penguins to California from the Antarctic. 1.Which of the following words can replace the underlined word in the first paragraph?A.Moves.B.Jumps.C.Holds.D.Flies.2.Why did scientists need to study penguins in the Antarctic before building the Penguin Encounter?A.They were afraid that the emperor penguins’ homes would be destroyed.B.They wanted the Penguin Encounter just to be like the emperor penguins' natural home.C.They wanted to see how the emperor penguins reacted to the rising temperatures.D.They knew it would take long to gather enough emperor penguins for the Penguin Encounter.3.Why do emperor penguins have little to fear on the ice?A.It is easy to see their enemies on the white ice.B.Their enemies usually hunt in the water.C.They can easily escape on the smooth ice.D.It is too cold for other animals to survive on the ice.4.The passage mainly emphasizes _______.A.scientists working as a team in the AntarcticB.a science team finding a way to stop global wanningC.how to protect the emperor penguins at Sea WorldD.scientists building a special home to learn more about the emperor penguins2、From the moment you open your eyes in the morning, you can feel sweat (汗水)running down your body, even if you're barely moving at all. That's what most people in China felt like this summer. In fact, the entire northern hemisphere(半球)saw high temperatures in July. The Arctic Circle(北极圈) was no exception(例外). Temperatures in the city of Norilsk, which is in the Arctic Circle, reached a record high of 32 ℃, The Atlantic reported. Temperatures there are usually just 10 ℃at this time of the year.The heat wave in the Arctic is mainly a long-term result of global warming, according to the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences. In fact, while the whole world is getting warmer, the Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet. This is called the polar amplification effect（极地放大效应）.The most direct impact（影响）of Arctic warming is the melting of Arctic ice. According to NASA, Arctic sea ice is now disappearing at a rate of 13.2 percent every 10 years. NASA said that if this continues, the Arctic will have no ice by the year 2040. This has put some Arctic animals,like polar bears, in danger. The ice that the bears live on has shrunk(缩小), the Toronto Star reported.Melting ice can also cause sea levels to rise in the long term. Since 1993, sea levels have risen at a rate of 3.2 cm every 10 years, the Guardian reported. Some countries, such as Tuvalu（图瓦鲁）in the South Pacific Ocean and Maldives（马尔代夫）in the Indian Ocean, are at risk of disappearing into the sea.1. Which of the following is true?A. Some countries in the ocean will disappear in 10 years.B. China is the hottest in the northern hemisphere this summer.C. The temperatures in Norilsk used to be lower than this summer.D. The world gets warmer because of the heat wave in the Arctic.2. What does the underlined word "this" in the third paragraph refer to?A. The heat wave in the ArcticB. The result of global warmingC. Getting warmer in the worldD. The Arctic getting warm faster3. What may be the result of the melting of Arctic ice?A. The polar will become dangerousB. Sea levels rise in the long termC. There will be an end of water shortageD. There will be no ice in the world by 20404. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Heat hits ArcticB. Arctic animals are in dangerC. The world became hotter than beforeD. Some countries may disappear into the sea3、Why are photos and videos of cats high-fiving suddenly popping up on social media?Ask Jackson Galaxy, who launched Cat Pawsitive last year, a program that encourages animal shelters to teach cats how to do tricks to make them more attractive for adoption.The idea is simple. A kitty that can sit on command or give a high five shows that it can listen to instructions and connect with others. A high five can make a shy cat open up, Galaxy said.“Big life changes can lead to cats losing their confidence, an d we help those cats to feel more confident and to feel safe interacting with new people.” Christie Rogero, program manager for Cat Pawsitive, said.And Stephen Holdeman, training manager at the KC Pet Project, added: “All we need to train a cat to do tric ks is the right amount of patience, timing and motivation.” He uses a technique called “operant conditioning (操作性条件反射)”, which associates a cat’s action with getting a reward such as a favorite food or treat.He also uses a clicker—a training device that m akes a clicking noise. “In the initial stage, we get the cat used to the idea that when it hears the sound of the clicker, one of its favorite treats appears. After we have bridged these two ideas together we can use the clicker to reinforce different acti ons the cat does to let it know that if it repeats the action, it will get a treat.”After several repetitions, the cat starts to link everything together. Now all you need to do is let your extended hand be the target, and we’ve got a high five.1.According to the text, how can learning tricks benefit cats at animal shelters?A.It is a good way for shelters to raise money.B.It allows them to pick up skills to stay safe.C.It helps them interact more with each other.D.It helps them build confidence and get adopted.2.According to the text, what should be done from the start to train cats to learn tricks?A.Teaching them different actions.B.Teaching them how to use a clicker.C.Making them patient enough to repeat actions.D.Helping them connect the sound of a clicker with treats.3.What does the underlined word “reinforce” in paragraph 6 probably mean?A.recordB.strengthenC.ignoreD.reward4.What is the main purpose of the article?A.To explain how to train cats to perform tricks.B.To show how cats are treated at animal shelters.C.To describe the popularity of cats on social media.D.To inform us of a program that trains cats to do tricks.4、The majority of people on this planet live through ego(自我意识). They feel that they are themselves special, apart from the crowd in some way. Also, they aren't willing to acknowledgeother people's specialness, and feel that they are threatened by the people who are different from them.Besides, there are many different 'exclusive clubs' which people join under certain conditions, like Colour of skin clubs, Sports clubs, and so on. What many people fail to acknowledge, however, is that there is in fact only one club The Human Being club.Our diversity is what makes life interesting. I love watching people who dance or create music beautifully, draw out emotions through their acting skills, or are accomplished athletes. I also understand myself well enough to know that I don't have enough passion for any of these things to make the sacrifices necessary to come close to their level of excellence.I believe that it is human nature to communicate and cooperate with people who are like us, but what a lot of people see as 'like us' is narrowed down to very superficial(表面) characteristics.I remember my Jamaican friend's sister being most put out. She had been the only black woman in her company and then another black woman was employed. They were automatically put to work together because they were both black and obviously had a lot in common - so thought the employer! The truth was that they had nothing in common, didn't come from the same country and actively disliked each other. It's always a mistake to assume anything on a purely superficial basis.I have many friends who are members of a variety of the above mentioned clubs and each one of them has taught me so much about different cultures and life styles, and has enriched my life in the process. I encourage anyone to strike up a conversation with someone who doesn't look like them - you might be surprised at exactly how much you have in common.1.According to the first two paragraphs people tend to _________.A.feel they are specialB.feel they are lack of egoC.admit others are specialD.admit only one club exist2.How is the Paragraph 3 mainly developed?A.By analyzing causes.B.By setting an example.C.By giving a description.D.By making comparisons.3.The author mentioned his Jamaican friend’s sister to sh ow ___________.A.black women have a lot in common indeedB.it is human nature to cooperate with peopleC.people understand “like us” in a narrow wayD.people often make mistakes in judging others4.What does the author advise people to do in the last paragraph?A.To enrich their own life.B.To join an exclusive club.C.To talk to different people.D.To experience different life.5、People generally like to feel happy, but achieving a state of happiness takes time and effort. Aekyoung Kim of Rutgers University in the U.S. and Sam Maglio of the University of Toronto Scarborough in Canada have conducted four studies in which they studied how the pursuit of happiness as well as the state of being happy influenced people’s perception (看法) of time.In the studies, some participants were either instructed to list things that would make them happier or asked to try to make themselves feel happy while watching a boring movie about building bridges, thus showing happiness as a goal to pursue. The other participants came to think of happiness as a goal that they had already accomplished, achieved by watching a comedy or listing things showing that they were already happy. Afterwards, all participants reported how much free time they felt they had.The researchers’ main finding showed that a person’s perception of time scarcity (缺乏) is influenced by their pursuit of (often unattainable) happiness. The feeling that time was scarce became less strong for participants who said that they had attained their goal of being happy to some degree.“Time seems to disappear during the pursuit of happiness, but only when it’s seen as a goal requiring continued pursuit,” explain the researchers. “This finding suggests that the pursuit of happiness can destroy well-being.” According to the researchers, the finding implies that while happiness can hurt positive emotions, it need not necessarily do so. Instead, if someone believes they have achieved happiness, they are left with the time to appreciate this. The research further explains that people have different concepts about happiness, which in turn may well influence how they perceive the time they have to achieve happiness.“Because going through experiences and sharing feelings require more time compared with only, for example, buying material goods, feeling that time is lacking also leads people to prefer material possessions rather than enjoying pleasant experiences,” the researchers continue. “Encouraging people to worry less about pursuing happiness as a never-ending goal might just end up giving them more time and, in turn, more happiness.”1.The tasks given to the two groups of participants differ in __________.A.how they spent their free timeB.how they drew up shopping listsC.what kind of movies interested themD.whether they had acquired happiness2.We can infer from the finding in Paragraph 4 that __________.A.happiness is determined by timeB.happiness is a matter of choiceC.happiness is a never-ending goalD.happiness can hurt positive emotions3.Which of the following would be the best title of the text?A.Will time-saving tasks make you happier?B.Is emotion management training necessary?C.Can pursuing happiness make you unhappy?D.Should you express your unhappiness in hard times?6、A culture's values can be mirrored by its humor.Humor has been evaluated by many great minds such as Thomas Hobbes,who disliked humor,"Laughter is nothing else but sudden glory arising from some sudden thought of feeling far better than others."He thought humor to be a negative quality of human narrow-mindedness.However, Mordechai Gordon,PhD of Education,insists,"Humor allows us to view the world from an angle that is amusing rather than serious."I agree with Gordon.Learning to look at the world through humour is important.In the United States,every four years an election occurs.Without humor as a way to express their feelings,how else would Americans keep from clawing their eyes out and going the way of lemming? Television shows like“The Daily Show”have become importa nt parts of American culture.They are mothering the masses by metaphorically airplane-ing politics into our mouths.They make politics fun.Of course,politics is only one type of humor.Social humor helps people through the twists andturns of the human condition.American pop culture promotes an unhealthy self-image.On the topic of self-image,Hari Kondabolu stands out.He has a joke about the popular musical group“The Pussycat Dolls”,describing their hit song"Don't Cha”as a negative representation of women.He points out an obvious offence in American culture.A study from Loyola University of Maryland has shown that humor is one determining factor for selecting a mating partner.Amongst other things,mates look for an outstanding funny bone in apotential partner.Of course,humor is not always used for good purposes.Humor can be linked to vulgarity and racism,but,like everything else,it has potential to unite human beings by allowing us to laugh at ourselves,our failures and our connection with one another.Though life may seem tough and depressing at times,all I have to do is look in the mirror at my increased wrinkles to know that there is a comedy out there that even Chaplin wasn't aware of.With that in mind,remember to laugh with humanity and sometimes at humanity.1.Hobbes believed that humor___________.A.was only a way to laugh at others to make oneself feel betterB.resulted in narrow-mindedness of human beingsC.had the power to mirror personal glory and national valuesD.was for people to view the world from another angle2.What is the author's attitude towards political humor?A.Worried.B.Disappointed.C.Curious.D.Appreciative.3.The fourth paragraph is developed mainlyA.by exampleB.by processC.by comparisonD.by classification4.What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?A.Chaplin wasn't aware of being laughed at.B.The author feels helpless and sad about getting older.C.Never be the one who laughs at other people.D.The author is determined to face life with a sense of humor.7、Sharks use their good sense of smell to search for prey(猎物). But a new study shows that the rising levels of carbon dioxide in the ocean could reduce sharks' ability to find food. It's bad news for a healthy ocean. Sharks are top predators(掠食动物) and are like the ocea n’s weed controllers.Dixson works at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts. Her earlier work has shown that clown fish in acidifying(酸化的) water act strangely. “We want to expand thisresearch to sharks because we know how important it is for sharks to find their food through their sense of smell," said Dixson.Her team started by placing sharks in each of three different pools for five days. Each pool had a different level of carbon dioxide in it. The first had the same amount as today s ocean water. The second had a level of carbon dioxide that scientists expect to reach by 2050. The third pool had the highest level of carbon dioxide that could develop by the year 2100.Sharks weren't allowed to eat any food while in the pools. This made sure that they would be hungry. Then, Dixson released the sharks—one at a time—into a pool with two side-by-side streams of flowing water. In one stream, the researchers pumped water, in which a dead squid had been overnight. This water smelled strongly of squid. The other stream contained ocean water with no scent(气味). Because each stream flowed at the same rate and in the same direction, the squid smell stayed in its stream. The sharks could choose to swim in either stream.Sharks that had been swimming for five days in pools of regular ocean water spent more than 60 percent of their time in the squid-scented stream. The same was true for sharks that had been in water with the carbon dioxide level that could develop by the year 2050. But sharks exposed to the highest level of carbon dioxide spent just 15 percent of their time in the squid-scented stream.1.Why did the writer mention the sharks’ smell at the beginning of the passage?A.Because the writer appreciates its ability to find food.B.Because the writer considers it dangerous to human beings.C.Because the writer intends to show how to control weed in the ocean.D.Because the writer worries about the sharks in the ocean.2.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A.What the ocean in the future will be like.B.Who helped Dixson conduct the study.C.What kinds of pools were used during the study.D.What the levels of carbon dioxide will be at in the ocean in the future.3.The researchers pumped water where a dead squid had been overnight to _________.A.help the sharks look for foodB.test the sharks’ sense of smellC.prove that sharks like eating squidsD.explain why carbon dioxide in the ocean affects sharks4.What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggest?A.Sharks like the squid-scented stream better.B.Sharks like the stream with the high level of carbon dioxide.C.Sharks spent 15% of their time in the squid-scented stream.D.The high level of carbon dioxide can affect the sharks’ ability to smell.8、 Today, many people use plants from other places to design their yards. Well, do they have any influence on animals living nearby? As we know, plants supply food for things like insects and plant-eating animals. In turn, birds and meat-eating animals feed on these insects andplant-eating animals. It is easy to see how important plants are.Although foreign plants may look beautiful, they can cause problems when there are too many of them. I live in Virginia, USA, and sometimes see a plant—commonly known as Kudzu —that seems to cover everything in the area, even climbing over whole trees and houses.Kudzu is an unbelievable plant since it grows very fast. It was first brought to the United States from south-east Asia around the 1870’s as a crop that farmers could grow. However, Kudzu quickly came to be considered harmful throughout the southern United States.Since Kudzu grows fast in many different environments, it can completely cover areas of land quickly. The plant is also not eaten by any insects or birds in the United States so it can grow unchecked. Kudzu can cover trees, bushes, and even houses. It costs the United States 500 million dollars a year to just keep Kudzu from growing too fast. The plant is a perfect example of what scientists call an invasive (侵略性的) species, which grows more quickly than other native plants. All foreign plants have the possibility to spread quickly. Not only are they costly, but planting them in gardens actually takes away food from insects. If everyone filled their garden with plants native to where they live, many lovely butterflies and other native creatures would be attracted to their backyards! So, take a look out of your window — how does your garden grow?1.We can learn from the text that Kudzu in Virginia _______.A.is very popularB.is difficult to growC.can cause big troubleD.can make air cleaner2.Which of the following is TRUE of Kudzu?A.It served as food at first in America.B.It came to America in the early 19th century.C.It grows fast in Asia, but slowly in America.D.It is often eaten by insects or birds in America.3.How does the author sound when telling of these foreign plants?A.Sad.B.Worried.C.Proud.D.Excited.4.What does the author mainly discuss in the text?A.Everyone should learn to love nature.B.It is a hard job to grow plants in yards.C.Gardening has become a serious hobby.D.It is important to say no to foreign plants.9、If you have ever had a cat, or have watched one of the many funny cat videos online, you’ll know that cats have a mind of their own. A lot of the things they do are hard to understand—they like to climb up tall furniture, fit themselves in small spaces and attack small objects for no reason at all.Now scientists have managed to figure out what exactly is going on in the brains of our little friends. According to Tony Buffington, a professor at Ohio State University in the US, cats’ strange behavior large ly comes from their way of life back in the wild. “Cats today still have many of the same instincts(本能) that allowed them to live in the wild for millions of years.” he said in a TED Talk. “To them, our homes are their jungles.”In the wild, cats are hunters. Their bodies and great balancing abilities allow them to climb to high spots to better look at the environment. Even though they don’t have to hunt anymore in human houses, they still keep the old habit of viewing the living room from, for example, the top of the refrigerator.Cats’ hunting instinct is also what makes them attack small things like keys and USB drives. In the wild, they hunt whatever they can get, and most of the animals they kill are small.However, cats can also be prey. This explains why they like to stay in small spaces like drawers or washing machines—they are hiding, or they think they are hiding, from more dangerous animals. This is also why cats prefer a clean box: a smelly one could easily show enemies where they are.Knowing how cats’ minds work is not only useful for better understanding them. It may also help cats’ owners to better meet cats’ needs. For example, owners could try to make climbing easier for cats by moving their furniture around. They could also use “food puzzles” to make eating feel more like hunting instead of just giving food to the cats.1.According to Tony Buffington, .A.cats’ strange behavior is hard for people to understandB.cats are more used to living in the wild than in humans’ homesC.cats behave strangely mainly because of some instincts in the wildD.cats’ instincts are as helpful to them today as they were millions of year ago2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?A.Cats like to climb up high because they want to hide from dangerous animalsB.Cats attack keys and USB drives because they have a habit of hunting small animalsC.Cats enjoy staying in small spaces because they usually live in small caves in the wildD.Cats’ preference for a clean box probably has something to do with their hunting instincts3.The underlined word “prey” in Paragraph 5 probably means .A.an animal that is too lazyB.an animal that likes hiding gamesC.an animal that keeps itself cleanD.an animal that is hunted4.This article is mainly written to .A.explore the reasons behind cats’ strange behaviorB.describe cats’ past wild experience to readersC.tell cat owners how to make life easier for catspare cats’ behavior in human homes with that in the w ild10、Runners who encounter visual and auditory(听觉的) distractions may be more likely to suffer leg injuries, according to research by the Association of Academic Physiatrists in Las Vegas. Runners often seek distractions from the task at hand. Whether it is music, texting, daydreaming, taking in the sights,or propping a book up on the treadmill(跑步机),more often than not a distraction is welcome. But, researchers from the University of Florida have recently discovered that those distractions may lead to injury.Daniel Herman, MD, assistant professor at the University of Florida, and his team conducted research on the effects of visual and auditory distractions on 14 runners to determine what effect these distractions would have on things such as the heart rate, how many times a runner breathes per minute and how much oxygen is consumed by the body.The runners were all injury-free at the time of the study and ran 31 miles each week. Dr. Herman^ team had each participant run on a treadmill three separate times. The first time was without any distractions. The second time added a visual distraction, during which the runnersconcentrated on2 a screen displaying different letters in different colors with the runners having to notice when a specific letter-color combination appeared. The third time added an auditory distraction similar to the visual distraction, with the runners having to notice when a particular word was spoken by a particular voice.When compared to running without distractions, the participants had faster application of force to their left and right legs, called the loading rate, with auditory and visual distractions. They also experienced an increased amount of force from the ground on both legs, called ground reaction force, with auditory distractions. Finally, the runners tended to breathe heavier and had higher heart rates with visual and auditory distractions than without any distractions at all.“ Running in environments with different distractions may unfavorably affect running performance and injury risk," explains Dr. Herman. "Sometimes these things cannot be avoided, but you may be able to minimize potentially cumulative(累积的) effects. For example,when running a new route in a chaotic environment such as during a marathon, you may want to skip listening to something which may require more attention—like a new playlist."Dr. Herman’s team will continue to investigate the potential relationship between distracted running and leg injuries, and any effect this relationship has on different training techniques that use auditory or visual cues.1.Paragraph 2 tells us the research ______.A.processB.questionsC.resultsD.reflection2.Based on the research, runners with auditory distractions tended to ____.A.breathe heavier and have lower heart ratesB.gain a faster speed with slower loading ratesC.apply more force with less oxygen consumptionD.get an increased amount of ground reaction force3.What can we infer from the passage?A.Running with distractions becomes uncommon nowadays.B.Listening to a new song while running guarantees performance.C.Runners are advised to minimize distractions in a destination of marathon.D.Runners are more likely to get injured in an environment without distractions.4.What is probably the next task for Dr. Herman's team?。
专题14 阅读理解高中英语教学大纲明确规定“侧重提高阅读能力”，这为我们的备考指明了方向。
分析近几年的高考英语试题，我们不难看出，阅读理解是高考试题中难度最大，区分度最高的题型，自始至终占据着主导地位。
阅读理解能力属于语言的领会技能，它不仅考查对语篇的整体把握能力，而且考查快速捕捉信息、准确理解特定细节以及复杂句子的能力。
不仅要准确理解文章表层的意思，还要通过表层去推理、判断。
除此之外，还涉及非语言因素，如：对所学语言国家的社会和文化背景知识的掌握、生活常识、逻辑知识和语言修养等。
Ⅰ.阅读理解题策略一、先看题干，带着问题读文章。
即先看试题，再读文章。
阅读题干，首先要掌握问题的类型，分清是客观信息题还是主观判断题。
其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。
二、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
近几年的高考阅读速度大约是每分钟40词左右。
必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
速读全文对于主旨大意题的解决尤其有效，能快速抓住主干，确定好答案。
三、详读细节，理顺思路与文章脉络。
文章绝不是互不相干的句子的堆砌。
作者为文，有脉可循。
如记叙文多以人物为中心，以时间或空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事；议论文则包含论点、论据、结论三大要素，通过解释、举例来阐述观点。
四、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
深层理解主要包括归纳概括题(中心思想，加标题等)和推理判断题，是阅读理解中的难点。
深层理解是一种创造性的思维活动。
它必须忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，立足已知推断未知，不能凭空想像，随意揣测；读者要对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。
推理题在提问中常用的词有：conclude，infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
专题一阅读理解主题一人与自我A(2019河北保定二模)Summer Programs for TeensUniversity of Maryland: TERP Young ScholarsThis program is the perfect summer camp for academically talented teenagers who want to pursue academic interests, explore career opportunities, and discover college life at the University of Maryland.During three weeks of intellectual exploration, teens can study with students who share similar interests, and communicate with some of the university's best teachers.Upon successful completion, students can earn three college credits.Carpe Diem: The University-bound AdventureCarpe Diem supports both American and international students in applying to a university by providing private consultation. This 2-week experience also includes tours of famous East Coast universities. Students will also have the opportunity to build their resumes(简历) by working with writing experts.Great Books Summer ProgramThis is a lively, warm and welcoming summer camp community of outstanding teens, who love literature and ideas. In the past eleven years, it has gathered middle and high school students1 / 60from across the world to read selections from the greatest works of literature, experience heated discussions and enjoy summer camp fun with other literary-minded students. Participants can gain confidence in their ability to read a text closely and express their ideas clearly both verbally andin writing.Zeal TravelWe offer our teens two-week and three-week long trips to Hawaii, Alaska, Australia and Spain. All trips include 15—25 hours of community service activities.Depending on your trip of choice, you'll be helping Hawaiians protect their forest ecosystem, caring for dogs in Spain, working with Habitat for Humanity, and much more. Every trip also includes exciting outdoor activities like surfing, driving, ice-climbing, hiking and more. The possibilities are endless and there is a zeal trip for every interest.1.Which program offers students the opportunity to develop academic interests?A.Carpe Diem.B.Zeal Travel.C.University of Maryland.D.Great Books Summer Program.2.What can students do in Great Books Summer Program?A.Learn how to write stories.B.Attend a campus cultural event.C.Make friends with famous writers.D.Read and discuss the great works of literature.3.What is special about Zeal Travel?2 / 60A.It includes a lot of thrilling outdoor activities.B.It provides community service for students.C.It offers students exciting free trips.D.It will last 3 weeks.答案[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文,介绍了四项青少年暑期活动计划。
第二讲做出推理和判断——推理判断题推理判断题是历年高考英语阅读理解的命题集中点，包括推理和判断两个方面，属于深层理解题。
高考对推理判断题的考查形式包括以下几种：推断隐含意义、推断目的意图、推断文章出处或读者对象、推断观点态度。
【考查特点】Ⅰ.把握推理判断题常见的命题方式：(1)We can infer from the (first/last) passage that ________．(2)The passage/author implies/suggests that ________．(3)It can be concluded from the passage that ________．(4)The main purpose of the passage is ________．(5)Where does this passage probably come from?(6)What’s the author’s attitude towards...?(7)The writer developed the passage/his main idea by ________．(8)The first/last paragraph serves as a(n) ________．Ⅱ.掌握推理判断题的考查角度：(1)高频考点：推断隐含意义、写作意图、观点态度。
(2)低频考点：推断下段内容、文章出处、目标读者。
[考向1]推断隐含意义题——逻辑分析得结论推断隐含意义题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出合情合理的推理和判断，即考生不仅需要读懂原文，而且还要理解作者的弦外之音。
其涉及的内容可能是文中某一句或某几句话，但做题的指导思想都要以文中提供的信息为依据。
常见的设问方式：◆It can be inferred from the text that ________．◆It can be concluded from the passage that ________．◆The writer/author indicates/suggests/implies that ________．◆What can we infer about...?◆Which of the following statements does the passage support?◆What does the...paragraph imply?[典例](2019·全国卷Ⅰ·B片段)Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀) about themselves.26．We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to ________．A．help students see their own strengthsB．assess students’public speaking skillsC．prepare students for their future jobsD．inspire students’love for politics[解题思路]第一步确定题干中的关键信息infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project第二步定位到原文信息句，并找出体现观点态度的关键句Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀) about themselves.第三步进行合理推断得出答案Whaley创办这个项目的目的不仅仅是让学生学会阅读和在公共场合演讲，更重要的是让他们发现自己的长处，从而树立自信。
2020年高考冲刺试卷芳草香出品阅读理解（一）1、Eight years before his death in 1896, Alfred Nobel was surprised to read an obituary(讣告) in the local newspaper. This was a strange obituary, for it told Alfred Nobel, the man who was reading it, that he was dead. The newspaper had confused Alfred with his brother, Ludwig, who had recently died.Nobel was shocked to read that he had passed away,and he was even more annoyed by the title of the obituary : The Merchant of Death Is Dead. Alfred was a very rich and successful armaments manufacturer(武器制造商).This incident got him thinking about his reputation. What would people think of him after his real death? Would they really say “That was a man who profited from killing”? It was th is thought that led him to leave his money一a huge amount of it—for the founding of the famous Nobel Prizes. His aim was for his money to be used to support the ongoing quest(追求) for excellence in the sciences and literature, and the ideal of peace. Thousands of men and women have been honored since the first awards were given out in 1901. The awards let the world know about the developments that may have a huge effect on our lives.However, the prizes are controversial sometimes. There is often protest(抗议) at the award of the peace prize when not everyone thinks that the award-winners deserve the award. Even the award for literature has sometimes been criticized because the award committee often neglects important writers. The highly influential novelists James Joyce and Marcel Proust,for example,were never honored by the Swedish Academy.Still, for the most part of the awards don’t cause many complaints. Alfred Nobel founded the prizes to recognize those who have had “the greatest benefit to mankind" and few would disagree that most of the prize winners—among them. Albert Einstein and Martin Luther King— have made contributions that deserved to be honored and remembered.1.How did Alfred Nobel feel when he read the obituary in the newspaper?A.Sad and worried.B.Shocked and upset.C.Surprised and confused.D.Amused and puzzled.2.What did Alfred Nobel decide to do after reading the obituary?A.Seek excellence in the sciences,B.Donate all his money to the charity.C.Stop producing any killing weapons.D.Set up the Nobel Prizes with his money.3.Why does the author mention James Joyce and Marcel Proust?A.To show the controversy of some Nobel Prizes.B.To give examples of influential Nobel Prizes.C.To explain the standard of giving out the Nobel Prizes.D.To prove the influence of the Nobel Prizes on literature.4.What does the author think of the Nobel Prizes?A.There should be more female winners.B.There are too many controversial winners.C.They have honored many worthy winners.D.The committee should be more selective.2、In the mid-2000s, Waze Mobile co-founder Ehud Shabtai received a cutting-edge (尖端的) gift from girlfriend: a GPS. The expensive gift was supposed to be helpful. But straight out of the box, it was already out of date.Shabtai, a coding enthusiast, had an immediate reaction to reinvent. Shabtai’s solution? To build an app. With 80 million monthly active users globally and nearly 400,000 superusers who function much like Wikipedia volunteer editors (editing maps rather than words), Waze Mobile caught the eye of Google as a revolutionary approach to navigation (导航).Acquired by Google in 2013, Waze’s value mainly lies in its high rate of user involvement. Unlike traditional navigation apps that simply show directions, Waze asks its users to report accidents and other road conditions in real time, so other users can avoid the traffic by using an alternative route.The goal behind Waze’s approach is an ambitious one: not just avoid traffic, but end it altogether. Waze is finding new ways to put its loyal and active user base to use to make that vision a reality, including a plan to make carpooling (拼车) cool.。
