高二英语教案:动词不定式教案
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动词不定式教案I. Learning Objectives:- Understand the structure and usage of the infinitive verb form- Identify infinitive verbs in sentences- Use infinitive verbs correctly in sentencesII. Introduction:The infinitive form of a verb is the base form of the verb, usually preceded by the word "to." In this lesson, we will learn about the structure and usage of infinitive verbs.III. Activity 1: Understanding the Structure of Infinitive Verbs1. Write the following verbs on the board: eat, sleep, study, run.2. Ask students to identify the base form of these verbs.3. Explain that the base form of these verbs is the infinitive form.4. Write the following sentence on the board: "I like to eat pizza."5. Ask students to identify the infinitive verb in the sentence.6. Explain that "to eat" is the infinitive verb in the sentence.7. Write the following sentences on the board and ask students to identify the infinitive verb in each sentence:a. "She wants to sleep early."b. "He needs to study for the test."c. "They love to run in the park."IV. Activity 2: Identifying Infinitive Verbs1. Provide a list of sentences on a worksheet without the infinitive verb highlighted.2. Instruct students to read each sentence and identify the infinitive verb.3. Collect and review the completed worksheets to assessunderstanding.V. Activity 3: Using Infinitive Verbs1. Divide the class into pairs.2. Distribute a worksheet with incomplete sentences to each pair.3. Instruct students to complete the sentences using the infinitive form of the given verb.4. Monitor the pairs and provide guidance as needed.5. Ask a few pairs to share their completed sentences with the class. VI. Conclusion:- Recap the structure and usage of infinitive verbs.- Emphasize the importance of using infinitive verbs correctly in sentences.- Provide additional examples for further practice if time allows. VII. Assessment:- Assign a written task where students need to write sentences using infinitive verbs correctly.- Grade the sentences based on the accuracy of using infinitive verbs and grammar.VIII. Homework:- Assign a set of sentences for students to identify and highlight the infinitive verb.。
动词不定式用法教案一、教学目标1、让学生理解动词不定式的构成和基本形式。
2、帮助学生掌握动词不定式在句中的作用,如作主语、宾语、定语、状语等。
3、引导学生能够正确运用动词不定式进行句子的表达和写作。
二、教学重难点1、重点动词不定式的基本形式和构成。
动词不定式作主语、宾语、定语、状语的用法。
2、难点动词不定式与动名词、分词的区别。
动词不定式在复合句中的运用。
三、教学方法1、讲授法:讲解动词不定式的相关知识和用法。
2、练习法:通过练习题巩固学生对动词不定式的理解和运用。
3、讨论法:组织学生讨论动词不定式在句子中的作用,促进学生的思考和交流。
四、教学过程1、导入通过展示一些包含动词不定式的句子,如“To learn English well is important”“He wants to go shopping”等,引导学生观察这些句子的特点,引出动词不定式的概念。
2、知识讲解(1)动词不定式的构成动词不定式由“to +动词原形”构成,其中“to”是动词不定式的符号,有时可以省略。
例如:“I want to see a movie”中的“to see”就是动词不定式。
(2)动词不定式在句中的作用①作主语动词不定式作主语时,通常位于句首,但常用 it 作形式主语,将真正的主语动词不定式后置。
例如:“To swim in the river is dangerous”可以转换为“It is dangerous to swim in the river”②作宾语常见的动词如 want, hope, decide, plan, agree 等后常接动词不定式作宾语。
例如:“She decides to study harder”③作定语动词不定式作定语时,通常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。
例如:“I have a lot of work to do”④作状语动词不定式可以作目的状语、结果状语等。
例如:“He came here to see me”(目的状语)“He is too young to go to school”(结果状语)3、练习巩固(1)给出一些句子,让学生判断动词不定式在句中作什么成分。
动词不定式教案动词不定式教案一、教学目标:1. 知识与技能:(1)了解动词不定式的定义和构成;(2)掌握动词不定式的基本时态和用法;(3)能够正确使用动词不定式;(4)能够对句子进行改写和转换。
2. 过程与方法:(1)情景教学法;(2)讨论与合作学习法;(3)示范与操练法。
3. 情感态度与价值观:(1)培养学生热爱英语学习的兴趣;(2)注重学生的合作创造能力和实际运用能力。
4. 学习策略:(1)观察与思考;(2)归纳与总结;(3)规范与反馈。
二、教学重点与难点:1. 教学重点:(1)动词不定式的定义和构成;(2)动词不定式的时态和用法。
2. 教学难点:(1)动词不定式的时态和用法;(2)动词不定式与其他句型的转换和改写。
三、教学过程:Step 1 导入新课:通过部分句子,鼓励学生回忆并总结现在完成时时态的特点,引出动词不定式。
例句:1. I want to go to the park this afternoon.2. She needs to study for the exam tonight.3. We love to play basketball on Sundays.......Step 2 学习动词不定式的定义和构成:1. 通过观察例句引导学生总结不定式的定义和构成。
例句:1. I like to swim in the sea.2. We want to visit the Great Wall.......2. 总结不定式的构成:(1)不定式由动词原形和“to”构成;(2)不定式作主语、宾语和表语等。
......Step 3 学习动词不定式的时态和用法:1. 通过对比现在完成时和一般现在时,引导学生总结不定式的时态特点。
2. 通过观察例句,引导学生总结不定式的用法。
例句:1. I want to be a doctor.2. She likes to read books in her free time.3. They need to have a rest after work.......3. 总结不定式的基本用法:(1)不定式作宾语;(2)不定式作表语;(3)不定式作宾语补足语;(4)不定式作定语;(5)不定式作状语。
动词不定式(todo)教案——动词不定式(to do)1. 请填出不定式的相关形式。
不定式:时态主动态被动态一般式进行式完成式不定式的否定形式: not + 不定式请问不定式在句中可作哪些成分?____________________________________________ 3. 请画出下列句子中的不定式并说出它是哪种形式。
1. John said that he had run in order to catch the bus. (一般式的主动态)2. He hated to be misunderstood by others. (一般式的被动态)3. He pretended to be listening attentively. (进行式)4. He intended to have told you that. (完成式主动态)5. This work of art seemed to have been created several centuries ago. (完成式的被动态)三. 典例引领,变式内化(一)动词不定式在句中充当的成分(1)作主语。
例:To see once is better than to hear a hundred times.变式训练1:T o make money is not the only purpose of our life.赚钱不是我们生活的唯一目的在很多情况下,常用it 来充当动词不定式的形式主语。
例:It is important for us to learn English very well.对我们来说学好英语是非常重要的。
变式训练2: It is necessary for us to protect environment. 对我们来说保护环境是很有必要的。
(2)作宾语,常用在以下动词后:help,hope,ask,refuse,decide,promise,wish,pretend,expect,arrange,learn,plan,demand,dare,manage,agree,prepare,fail,determine,offer,choose,desire,elect,long,(happen,seem)例如:He managed to pass the exam.他成功地通过了考试。
动词不定式教学过程一、复习预习教师引导学生复习上节课所学的知识,(以提问、回顾的形式进行),针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑,并通过对常见的后接不定式的动词的总结与分析导入本节课所要学习的动词不定式。
二、知识讲解知识点1:动词不定式的概述1.动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,有时可以不带to,其否定形式是“not(+to)+动词原形。
动词不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语。
2.动词不定式仍保留动词的特点,即可以有自己的宾语和状语。
动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。
3.动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
知识点2:动词不定式主动式的句法功能1、动词不定式作主语【考查点】当动词不定式做主语时,其谓语动词常用单数。
如:To say something is one thing; to do it is another.说是一回事,做是另一回事。
To help animals is helping people.帮助动物就是帮助人【考查点】当动词不定式在句子中做主语时,通常使用it作形式主语而真正主语则是不定式或不定式短语,以使句子保持平衡。
如:It's so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。
It's very kind of you to help us.他帮助我们,他真好。
【易错点】It's for sb.+ to do和It's of sb.+ to do由于表语形容词性质的不同,导致了不定式逻辑主语标志用for或of的区别。
⑴for sb. 句型中的形容词一般为表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等:如:It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
优秀教案:高中英语语法-动词不定式动词不定式由to+动词原形构成。
这里的to是不定式标志,没有词义。
不定式具有名词、形容词或副词的某些语法功能,又有动词的时态和语态的特点及作用。
常见的形式如表所示(以及物动词do为例),不及物动词没有被动语态。
1 有些动词可以用不定式作宾语,大致上有三种情况。
1) 有些及物动词用不定式作宾语,结构为动词+不定式。
例如:afford aim agree arrange ask decide bother care choose demand desire determine elect endeavor hope fail help learnlong 渴望mean manage offer plan pretend refuse tend undertake expect hate intend 例如:The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
He offered to help me. 他表示愿意帮助我。
2)有些动词除了可以用不定式作宾语,还用不定式作补语,即有动词+宾语+不定式的结构。
例如:ask choose expect help beg intendlike/love need prefer prepare want wish例如:I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。
I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你使每件东西都保持整洁。
I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。
I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。
3)有些动词或动词词组可以用动词+疑问词+不定式的结构作宾语。
例如:decide know consider forget learn remember show, wonder find out tell inquire explain 例如:Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。
首先,介绍课堂大致结构,分为六个部分:一、定义二、动词不定式的主要构成三、动词不定式的用法四、动词不定式的否定形式五、动词不定式的其它用法其次,细讲每个部分;最后,总结回顾,强调本节课重难点。
重难点:1. 对动词不定式作主语时,常用it 作形式主语时的转化;2. 动词不定式作定语时,对于哪些动词要加相应的介词,以及区分及物动词&不及物动词的方法;3. 掌握动词不定式的常见用法,尤其其中一些特殊的不带to 的不定式用法。
一、动词不定式的定义:动词不定式是一种非谓语动词。
注:非谓语动词,即不能作谓语,且没有人称和数的变化的动词。
二、主要构成:to + 动词原形(被动形式: to be +过去分词)注:to 只是不定式符号,没有实际意义,当然它也存在不带to 的情况。
三、动词不定式的用法:注:动词不定式有动词的性质,可接宾语和状语构成不定式短语,作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。
1.作主语:E.g. To answer your questions is difficult. (不定式作主语的时候,谓语动词用单数。
)(但显然,句子从形式上来看,显得头重脚轻,所以通常我们会把它写成以it 作形式主语的形式,见下例:)***It is difficult to answer your questions. (回答你的问题很难。
)Note: 形式主语:"it"真正主语:"to answer your questions"2.作表语:E.g. a. The most important thing is to save the boy first. (最重要的事情是先救那个男孩。
)“Is+ 不定式”为系表结构,故不定式在这里作表语。
b. My wish is to be a doctor.3.作宾语:动词不定式作及物动词的宾语,常见的及物动词有:begin/ start, want, hope, forger/ remember, love/ like, need, try, learn, wish, agree, choose, plan, decide, refuse等E.g. a. I want to ask you a question.Note: "to ask you a question"为 "want"的宾语。
动词不定式教案第一篇:动词不定式教案动词不定式教案教学目标1.学会什么是动词不定式2.会使用动词不定式重难点1.能正确的使用动词不定式的各种用法教学步骤Grammar: 动词不定式Ⅰ.不定式句法功能1.作主语:The cat said, “To take roller coaster” is terrible.不定式短语作主语时,可以直接放在句首,但在很多情况下,尤其是在疑问句和感叹句中,往往放在谓语之后,而用先行代词it作形式主语。
→ The cat said, “It’s terrible to take roller coaster.” How long did it take you to take roller coaster? How terrible it is to take roller coaster? 不定式作主语常见句型:a)It is + adj.(easy, important, d ifficult…)+ 不定式b)It is + n.(a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, a shame)+ 不定式eg.It’s my duty to teach you how to be a student of No.3 Middle School.c)It takes/needs/requires + some time(hours, months, days, patience…)+ 不定式 eg.It requires patience to be a good teacher.2.作表语:当句子的主语是aim, idea, policy, question, suggestion, wish, task, duty, job, purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时,后面可以用不定式做表语,用以说明主语所包含内容。
eg.Our most important task now is to make a plan.注:作表语的不定式都带to,但当主语部分有实义动词do时,to可以省略。
不定式的用法高二英语语法教案一、教学目标1.让学生掌握不定式的定义、结构和用法。
2.培养学生运用不定式进行句子构造的能力。
3.提高学生英语语法水平,为高考做好充分准备。
二、教学内容1.不定式的定义2.不定式的结构3.不定式的用法4.不定式在实际语境中的应用三、教学过程1.导入(1)引导学生回顾动词不定式的基本概念,如不定式的构成、不定式符号to的用法等。
(2)提问:同学们,你们知道不定式在句子中的用法吗?它有什么特点?2.不定式的定义(1)讲解不定式的定义:不定式是动词的一种形式,由不定式符号to加动词原形构成,具有名词、形容词和副词的性质。
(2)举例说明:toeat,tosleep,tostudy等。
3.不定式的结构(1)讲解不定式的结构:to+动词原形。
(2)强调不定式符号to不能省略,但有时可以与动词原形合并为动词不定式短语,如:togohome,todothework等。
4.不定式的用法(1)讲解不定式作主语的用法:Toseeistobelieve.(看见即是相信)(2)讲解不定式作宾语的用法:Iwanttogotothecinema.(我想去看电影)(3)讲解不定式作表语的用法:HisjobistoteachEnglish.(他的工作是教英语)(4)讲解不定式作定语的用法:Ihavesomethingtodo.(我有一些事情要做)(5)讲解不定式作状语的用法:Shedancedtomusic.(她随着音乐跳舞)5.不定式在实际语境中的应用(1)讲解不定式在句子中的实际应用,如:目的状语、结果状语、原因状语等。
(2)举例说明:Istudyhardtopasstheexam.(我努力学习是为了通过考试)6.练习与巩固(1)让学生进行不定式的填空练习,如:___(todo)yourhomeworkisimportant.(2)让学生进行不定式的改写练习,如:Sheistired.Shewants___(sleep).(3)让学生进行不定式的翻译练习,如:把“他来到这里是为了学习”翻译成英语。
动词不定式教案动词不定式教案动词不定式是英语中的一种非谓语动词形式,它由动词原形加上to构成,例如:to run, to eat, to sleep等。
动词不定式在句子中可以作为名词、形容词或副词使用,具有丰富的语法功能。
本文将介绍动词不定式的基本用法和相关练习,帮助学生更好地掌握这一语法知识。
一、动词不定式的基本用法1. 作为名词使用动词不定式可以作为名词使用,常见的用法有:a) 作主语:To travel is my dream.(旅行是我的梦想。
)b) 作宾语:I want to learn English.(我想学英语。
)c) 作表语:His dream is to become a doctor.(他的梦想是成为一名医生。
)2. 作为形容词使用动词不定式可以作为形容词使用,修饰名词或代词,常见的用法有:a) 修饰名词:She has a book to read.(她有一本可读的书。
)b) 修饰代词:He is the person to ask for help.(他是可以求助的人。
)3. 作为副词使用动词不定式可以作为副词使用,修饰动词、形容词或副词,常见的用法有:a) 修饰动词:He went to the park to play basketball.(他去公园打篮球。
)b) 修饰形容词:She is too tired to walk.(她太累了,无法走路。
)c) 修饰副词:He runs fast enough to win the race.(他跑得足够快,赢得了比赛。
)二、动词不定式的练习1. 选择正确的动词不定式形式填空:a) I hope _______ (find) a good job after graduation.b) She wants _______ (visit) her grandparents next week.c) He decided _______ (buy) a new car.2. 根据句意,用适当的动词不定式形式填空:a) It's important _______ (learn) foreign languages.b) I am too tired _______ (walk) any further.c) She is the first person _______ (arrive) at the party.3. 改写下列句子,使用动词不定式作为名词、形容词或副词:a) I want to eat pizza.(作名词)→ My want is _______ (eat) pizza.b) He is a person who can solve problems.(作形容词)→ He is a person _______ (solve) problems.c) She studies hard in order to pass the exam.(作副词)→ Sh e studies hard _______ (pass) the exam.三、总结与拓展通过本节课的学习,我们了解了动词不定式的基本用法,并进行了相关的练习。
Grammar: 动词不定式Ⅰ. 不定式句法功能1. 作主语:The cat said, “To take roller coaster” is terrible.不定式短语作主语时,可以直接放在句首,但在很多情况下,尤其是在疑问句和感叹句中,往往放在谓语之后,而用先行代词it作形式主语。
→ The cat said, “It’s terrible to take roller coaster.”How long did it take you to take roller coaster?How terrible it is to take roller coaster?不定式作主语常见句型:a) It is + adj. (easy, important, difficult…) + 不定式b) It is + n. (a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, a shame) + 不定式eg. It’s my duty to teach you ho w to be a student of No.3 Middle School.c) It takes/needs/requires + some time (hours, months, days, patience…) + 不定式eg. It requires patience to be a good teacher.2. 作表语:当句子的主语是aim, idea, policy, question, suggestion, wish, task, duty, job, purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时,后面可以用不定式做表语,用以说明主语所包含内容。
eg. Our most important task now is to make a plan.注:作表语的不定式都带to,但当主语部分有实义动词do时,to可以省略。
eg. The only thing we can do now is wait and see.3.作宾语The cat said “Remember not to take it next time!”.a) 可以直接用不定式作宾语的动词很多,常见的有:agree, afford, tend, ask, decide, determine, expect, fail, hope, learn, intend, manage, offer, plan, promise, refuse, want, wish 等2005年天津卷12题:I don’t want _____ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.A. to soundB. to be soundedC. soundingD. to have sounded当不定式短语比宾补长时,往往将不定式放到宾补后,而用先行代词it作形式宾语,常用动词有feel, think, find, believe, consider, make等。
The cat felt it terrible to take roller coaster.b) 不定式一般不作介词的宾语,只有少数介词如but, except等后面可以跟不定式作宾语。
一般情况下作介词宾语的不定式都带to,如果but或except所在句子里的谓语动词都是实义动词do, does, did时,通常省略to。
Eg. We have no choice but to wait.Cf. We can do nothing but wait.4. 宾语补足语在SVOC句型中,许多动词都可以按不定式作宾语补足语。
a) 通常作宾语补语的不定式要带to,常用于以下动词之后:ask, tell, advise, allow, enable, expect, force, get, like, order, teach, want, invite, wish, beg等You should get them to help you.但在谓语动词believe, find, think, feel, consider, suppose, imagine, prove等后面跟to be…作宾补,不跟to do…eg. They believe him to be honest.b) 以下两类动词后跟不定式作宾补时不能带to①一些表示“致使”意义的动词,如:let, have, make等②一些表示感觉的动词,如:hear, feel, see, watch, notice等Don’t let the children trouble you.I heard someone open the door.但当这两类动词为被动态时,不定式就成了主补。
作主补的不定式必须加上toHis father made him go to bed early.→He was made to go to bed early by his father.5. 作定语不定式可以在句子充当后置定语,修饰名词。
以下几类情况常用不定式作定语:①能带不定式作宾语的动词,其同源名词可以带不定式作定语。
常见的有attempt, decision, promise, plan等eg. He hasn’t kept his promise to write to his parents regularly.②常与不定式搭配的形容词,其同源名词一般可以用不定式作定语。
常见的有ability, determination, anxiety, eagerness等eg. His eagerness to finish his homework was quite clear.③序数词形容词最高级或被only, last, next等修饰的名词可以用不定式作定语:She was the only person to survive after the earthquake.Tips: 不定式在作定语时,有时与被修饰的名词有意义上的主谓关系、同位关系、动宾关系,如果该不定式是不及物动词,它后面需要加上适当介词。
Eg. He’s always the first to come and the last to leave. 主谓关系I’ve no time to listen to your excuse. 同位关系She has a meeting to attend. (动宾关系=attend a meeting)There’s nothing to worry about. (动宾关系=worry about nothing)6. 作状语不定式可以作状语,表示目的、结果、原因、条件等。
①to…, in order to …, so as to …(不能放在句首)作目的状语2005年辽宁卷22题:All these gifts must be mailed immediately _____ in time for Christmas.A. in order to have receivedB. in order to receiveC. so as to be receivedD. so as to be receiving②在so…as to, such….as to, only to …结构中不定式作结果状语,其中only to…用于表示意想不到的结果。
He hurried to the station only to find the train had gone.③enough to, too…to结构eg. The boy isn’t old enough to go to school.= The boy is too young to go to school.④形容词(happy, glad, lucky, fortunate, surprised, angry, anxious, ready, quick, slow, cruel, clever等)+ 不定式结构eg. I’m glad to meet you.The question is different to answer.He is hard to get along with.7. 作插入语,用来说明说话人的态度、看法、对整个句子进行解释,如to be frank(坦白地说),to be sure(确实)等。
Eg. To tell you the truth, I hate you.8. 作同位语eg. The order to start the general attack soon came.不定式的复合结构,以it为形式主语或形式宾语引导的复合结构,如果其前的形容词是指行为的性质就用:for sb. to do sth.这种复合结构在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等。
It is necessary for me to learn English well.如果该形容词是指行为的性质,同时又指行为的人,则用of sb. to do sth.。
这种句式中的常用形容词有:right, wrong, brave, careful, careless, clever, wise, stupid, cruel, foolish, good, honest, kind, nice, silly等。
eg. It’s very kind of you to come to see me.连接代(副)词+不定式(包括whether, what, which, whom, where, when, how, 不包括why),在句中起名词的作用,通常跟在诸如tell, know, show, decide, learn, wonder, explain等动词后作宾、主语或表语。
Eg. No one can tell me where to find John.When to the exam is still unknown.The problem is how to get enough money.不定式的进行式、完成式和被动式①不定式的进行式由to be + V-ing构成,用来表示谓语动词动作发生时,不定式的动作正在进行。
Eg. Some students pretended to be reading English when the teacher came in.②不定式完成式由to have + V-ed构成,用来表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。