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解读高二英语中的动词不定式【考纲解读】(1)动词不定式在被动语态中的体现(2)根据语境选用正确的不定式时态【知识点梳理】动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，在句中不能单独作谓语。
动词不定式具有动词的性质，它可以有自己的宾语和状语，从而构成动词不定式短语。
它还可以有形式的变化，即一般式、进行式、完成式和被动式。
同时，动词不定式也具有非动词的性质，相当于一个名词、形容词或副词，可以在句中担任主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。
一、动词不定式的特征和种类动词不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成，在某些情况下to也可省动词不定式的时态和语态主动式被动式一般式 to do to be done进行式 to be doing 无完成式 to have done to have been done完成进行式 to have beendoing 无否定式：not + (to) do二、动词不定式的用法动词不定式除了不能单独作谓语外，几乎能担任句子中所有的句子成分。
A.动词不定式作主语不定式具有名词的特征，可在句子中充当主语。
1.不定式短语在句首作主语To know oneself is difficult. 人贵有自知之明。
To say is one thing and to do is another. 说是一回事，做又是另一回事。
To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness one can get. 爱与被爱是一个人能获得的最大幸福。
2.用it作形式主语在很多情况下，人们通常用it作为形式上的主语，而把不定式移到谓语之后，使句子结构显得平稳一些。
It's rude to turn your back to your teacher and refuse to answer. 背对着老师，拒绝回答问题是不礼貌的。
It is impossible to learn a foreign language without making painstaking effort. 想不下苦功就能学会外语是不可能的。
考点16动词不定式高考频度：★★★★★动词不定式定义动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号to+do构成。
没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可做主语、表语、宾语、状语和宾语补足语,具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。
动词不定式仍保留动词的一些特点。
形式时态主动被动一般式to do to be done 完成式to have done to have been done 进行式to be doing ---- 完成进行式to have been doing ---- 否定式否定词（not/never）+动词不定式考向一不定式的作用1. 作主语：不定式作主语时，谓语用单数。
往往用it 作形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。
It took us two hours to finish the job.（1）其他系动词如look，appear等也可用于此句型。
（2）当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is ...to...句型。
试比较：It is to negate my own idea to believe him.（错）To believe him is to negate my own idea .（对）（3）It is+ adj. of / for sb to do sth结构中，当不定式的逻辑主语和前面的形容词可以构成系表结构时，用of，否则用 for。
2. 作宾语（1）动词+不定式。
☞He managed to escape from the fire.☞I find it hard to get along with him.（it 作形式宾语）（2）动词+疑问词+to，＂特殊疑问句+不定式＂相当于名词，作宾语。
☞I don’t know what to do next/ how to do it next.不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后，用it 作形式宾语。
Grammar: 动词不定式Ⅰ. 不定式句法功能1. 作主语：The cat said, “To take roller coaster” is terrible.不定式短语作主语时，可以直接放在句首，但在很多情况下，尤其是在疑问句和感叹句中，往往放在谓语之后，而用先行代词it作形式主语。
→ The cat said, “It’s terrible to take roller coaster.”How long did it take you to take roller coaster?How terrible it is to take roller coaster?不定式作主语常见句型：a) It is + adj. (easy, important, difficult…) + 不定式b) It is + n. (a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, a shame) + 不定式eg. It’s m y duty to teach you how to be a student of No.3 Middle School.c) It takes/needs/requires + some time (hours, months, days, patience…) + 不定式eg. It requires patience to be a good teacher.2. 作表语：当句子的主语是aim, idea, policy, question, suggestion, wish, task, duty, job, purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时，后面可以用不定式做表语，用以说明主语所包含内容。
eg. Our most important task now is to make a plan.注：作表语的不定式都带to，但当主语部分有实义动词do时，to可以省略。
高中动词不定式的用法总结动词不定式的用法总结动词不定式由：“to +动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to do”。
不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。
不定式具有名词特征，可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。
一.不定式的用法：1.作主语不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语动词后，用it 作形式主语。
To see is to believe.It is possible to live an independent and fulfilling life.(P4)2.作宾语不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式宾语。
常见的带不定式作宾语的动词，begin, continue, hope, decide, want, wish, try, learn, afford, agree, manage, refuse等等。
He wanted to go.I find it interesting to study English.I have learned to adapt to my disability.3.作宾语补足语(ask, tell, order, cause, allow, want, like , advise, force, permit, get等) He asked me to do the work with him.注意：在feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, have, let, make 等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to，但是这些句子如果变成被动结构，就必须带to。
I often hear him sing the song.He is often heard to sing the song.She asked me to go out.4.作定语不定式作定语常放在所修饰的名词或代词的后面。
The Infinitive三、动词不定式在句中作用1.主语To be a good teacher requires patience.It is important for you to use your time wisely.It is brave of him to dive from the cliff.it 形式主语•(1)It is +adj.+ (for sb.) to do…•easy/difficult/hard/right/wrong/unnecessary…•(2)It is/was +adj. + (of sb.) to do…•kind/clever/foolish/strange/polite…•(3) It is +名词+ to do...• a pity/an honor/one’s duty/no easy job/good manners…2.宾语We hope to have more opportunities to talk with native speakers.They asked her how to get to the railway station.(常以不定式作宾语的动词：afford, agree, ask, attempt, beg, bother, care, choose, claim, decide, desire, expect, fail, help, intend, learn, manage, offer,plan, prepare, pretend,refuse, threaten, wish等)辨析不定式与动名词：1) 动词remember, forget, regret后接动名词表示已经做过的动作,不定式表示没有做过或将要做的动作.•I remember seeing him yesterday.•I remember having seen him before.•Please remember to see him today.2)动词like, love, hate, begin, start既可用动名词也可用不定式作宾语,意思基本相同，但动名词表经常性的动作，不定式偏向一次性动作。
高二英语接不定式作宾补的常用动词动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。
因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
接下来小编为大家整理了高二英语学习内容，一起来看看吧!高二英语接不定式作宾补的常用动词advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.请(叫)某人做某事bear sb. to do sth.忍受某人做某事beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事get sb. to do sth. 使(要)某人做某事hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事intend sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事mean sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事oblige sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事teach sb. to do sth .教某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事注：不要受汉语意思的影响而误用以下动词句型：汉语说：“害怕某人做某事”，但英语不说fear sb. to do sth.。
【高二学习指导】高二年级英语知识点解析：不定式定义：动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持动词的特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语。
E.g. He want his students to read the book aloud.A.1不定式的构成 (以动词do为例)主动形式被动形式一般式 to do to be done完成式 to have done to have been done进行式 to be doing 无完成进行式 to have been doing 无2?不定式的意义不定式的一般式(to do )一般式表示的动作或状态，发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态的同时或之后My wish is to become a doctorHe seemed to be tired.She stopped to have a rest.不定式的被动式 (to be done)当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动式. The building to be finished next month is for our teachers.I am going to Beijing, I have something to take to my parents, do you have something to be taken to your parents?如果谓语表示的动作(情况)发生时, 不定式表示动作正在进行,这时候不定式就要用进行式.(to be doing)They are said to be building another bridge across the street.They seemed to be talking about something important.When I went to his home, he happened to be traveling around the world.I’m glad to be working with you.如果不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示动作或状态之前，就用完成式(to have done) ;若是在此基础上的被动含义，就用完成被动式( to have been done).He is said to have written a novel about the Long March.He thought it a pity not to have invited us.The assistant seemed to have been fired.He is said to have been taught French when he was a child.Einstein is said to have built up his theory when he was in his twenties.如果不定式的动作是在谓语所表示的时间之前一直在进行的动作，就要用完成进行式.They are said to have been collecting folk song in Xinjiang.We’re happy to have been working with the experts all the month.总结：为大家准备的“高二不定式级英语知识点”就介绍完了，大家一定要认真学习，也希望能够给老师和同学们参考，祝大家学习愉快。
高二英语知识点归纳整理语法知识点总结高二阶段的英语学习至关重要，语法知识的掌握更是重中之重。
以下是对高二英语语法知识点的详细归纳整理。
一、非谓语动词1、动词不定式动词不定式由“to ＋动词原形”构成，具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等。
（1）作主语To learn English well is not easy（2）作宾语She decided to go shopping（3）作定语I have a lot of work to do（4）作状语He came here to see me（5）作宾语补足语The teacher asked us to clean the classroom2、动名词动名词由动词原形＋ ing 构成，具有名词的特征，在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和表语等。
（1）作主语Swimming is good for health（2）作宾语I enjoy reading books（3）作定语A swimming pool3、分词分词分为现在分词和过去分词。
现在分词由动词原形＋ ing 构成，过去分词由动词原形＋ ed 构成（不规则动词的过去分词需单独记忆）。
分词在句中可作定语、状语、宾语补足语和表语等。
（1）作定语The smiling girl is my sister（2）作状语Seeing the teacher, the students stood up（3）作宾语补足语I heard her singing in the next room（4）作表语The book is interesting二、时态和语态1、一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday, last week, ago 等。
I went to Beijing last year2、过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作，常与 at that time, this time yesterday 等时间状语连用。
【导语】⾼⼆⼀年,强⼈将浮出⽔⾯,鸟⼈将沉⼊海底。
⾼⼆重点解决三个问题:⼀,吃透课本;⼆，找寻适合⾃⼰的学习⽅法；三，总结⾃⼰考试技巧，形成习惯。
为了帮助你的学习更上⼀层楼，⾼中频道为你准备了《⾼⼆英语必修⼆知识点：不定式的⽤法》希望可以帮到你！ 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。
因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、宾语补⾜语、定语和状语。
⼀、不定式做主语： 1、不定式做主语⼀般表⽰具体的某次动作。
===动名词doing表⽰习惯的，经常的动作。
e.g:Tofinishthebuildinginamonthisdifficult. Todosuchthingsisfoolish. Toseeistobelieve.(对等) 注:1).不定式作主语时,谓语⽤单数 2).当主语较长，谓语较短时，常⽤it做形式主语，⽽将不定式放到谓语的后⾯。
it做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常⽤于下列结构中： (1)Itis/was+adj.+ofsb.todo… (2)Itis+adj.+forsb.+todo… Itiseasy/difficult/hard/foolish/unwise/right/wrong/unnecessary (3)itis+a+名词+todo... Itisapity/apleasure/apleasantthing/one’sduty/anhonor/ashame/acrime/noeasyjob…todo Ittakes(sb.)sometime/courage/patience…todo… Itrequirescourage/patience/hardwork…todo… *注意:probable和possible均可作表语，但possible可以⽤不定式作真实主语，⽽probable不能⽤不定式作真实主语。
Itisprobableforhimtocometothemeeting.(错） Itispossibleforhimtocometothemeeting. Itispossible/probablethathewillcometothemeeting. ⼆、不定式做表语 主语是以aimdutyhopeideaintentionplanjobsuggestionwishpurposetask等为中⼼词的名词词组或以what引导的名词性从句表⽰，后⾯的不定式说明其内容,不定式作表语常表⽰将来或现在的动作或状态。
