文化透视英语教程(English through culture)BOOK TWO Unit7 answers for exercises( only translation)

透视中国文化——我的英语演讲稿Ladies and gentlemen,Good evening. It is my pleasure to stand here today and talk to you about the rich and diverse culture of China. As we all know, China is a country with a long history and a vast cultural heritage. Its cultural traditions have been shaped by thousands of years of history, tradition, and values.The first thing to highlight when talking about Chinese culture is its diversity. China is a country with 56different ethnic groups, each of which has its own unique customs, traditions, and beliefs. Among these, the Han ethnic group is the largest. They have a rich cultural history that has been passed down through generations.One of the most significant aspects of Chinese culture is its art. China is the birthplace of many different art forms such as calligraphy, painting, sculpture, and ceramics. Chinese art is often characterized by its delicate and intricate details, its use of symbolism, and its deepcultural meanings. The Great Wall of China and the TerracottaWarriors are just two examples of the many landmarks that showcase China's artistic achievements.Chinese cuisine also plays an essential role in itscultural heritage. Whether it's Cantonese dim sum, spicy Sichuan dishes, or the delicate flavors of Jiangsu cuisine, Chinese food is renowned for its variety, richness, and complexity. In addition, many of the Chinese cooking techniques used today are passed down from ancient times. These include methods such as stir-frying, braising, steaming, and smoking, which were developed over centuries of experimentation and refinement.Another significant aspect of Chinese culture is its festivals. The Chinese calendar is full of festivities, eachof which has a unique cultural significance. Chinese New Year, also known as the Spring Festival, is the most important traditional holiday. It is celebrated with family reunions, fireworks, and elaborate meals, as well as traditionalcustoms such as red decorations, dragon dances, and lion dances.Finally, Chinese philosophy and religion have also played a crucial role in shaping Chinese culture. Confucianism,Taoism, and Buddhism are among the most widely practiced religions in China. These beliefs have influenced many aspects of Chinese society, including social hierarchy, values, ethics, and morality.In conclusion, China's culture is rich, diverse, and multifaceted, with a history dating back thousands of years. Its art, cuisine, festivals, and philosophy all reflect the country's long and complex cultural heritage. By understanding and appreciating the beauty and complexity of Chinese culture, we can learn to respect and appreciate the differences that make our world so rich and vibrant. Thank you.。

2013-2014（1）日语1101班第二外语教材参考：1.欧洲文化入门Brief Introduction to Western Culture：第一章：文化的定义，文化的类型，欧洲文化的源头与特点。

教学用4学时。

第二章：古希腊文化：历史背景、社会政治结构、文化构成、文化影响。

教学用2学时。

第三章：古罗马文化：历史背景、社会政治结构、文化构成、文化影响。

教学用2学时。

第四章：犹太教-基督教文化：犹太教与基督教的异同、圣经的形成与影响。

教学用4学时。

第五章：旧约：文本选读、历史意义与神学意义。

教学用2学时。

第六章：新约：文本选读、历史意义与神学意义。

教学用2学时。

第七章：中世纪文化：历史特征、教会发展、科学文学艺术建筑。

教学用4学时。

第八章：文艺复兴：社会经济基础、人文主义、文学艺术。

教学用4学时。

第九章：宗教改革：特点与意义、罗马天主教、希腊正教、基督新教。

教学用4学时。

第十章：启蒙运动的历史背景与成就、古典主义与浪漫主义、法国革命。

教学用4学时。

第十一章：马克思主义、达尔文主义、现实主义、自然主义、现代主义。

教学用4学时。

2.《文化透视英语》English through Culture第一册作者：何其莘童明. 29.20元ISBN: 9787560038162 出版社：外语教育与研究出版社， 2004年主要参考书：《文化透视英语教程教师用书》（第一、二册）. 何其莘/童明等著.外语教学与研究出版社,2005年3月，756004671。

3.An Introduction to Chinese Culture《中国文化概论》（英文版）ISBN：756242974X 作者：周仪出版社：重庆大学出版社出版日期：2003-9-14.An Outline Introduction to Britain and America《新编英美概况》，来安方，河南人民出版社，2002-8 ，19.00元《英美概况导读》，大象出版社，来安方，小本蓝色封皮辅助参考书出版日期：2001-01 ISBN：7534724996 版次：第三版页数：540页5.《新编跨文化交际英语教程》，许力生，主编上海外语教育出版社，2010.年8月ISBN: 9787544612593,40元6.《英美报刊阅读教程》（第3版）端木义万，南京大学出版社，2012年1月第1版7.《英语国家社会与文化入门》第三版, 朱永涛王立礼主编:高等教育出版社,2011年8.《英语国家概况》第二版English-Speaking Countries:A Survey 余志远组编：全国高等教育自学考试指导委员会，出版社：外语教学与研究出版社2008年7月1日27.80元ISBN: 9787560010946, 7560010946《英语国家概况自学辅导》余志远主编出版社：外语教学与研究出版社ISBN：7560015468/G.659出版日期：2007-8-11 定价：31.9元9.《新编实用英语综合教程》（第三版）第二册出版社高等教育出版社出版时间2012年12月。

新编大学英语文化阅读教程1教师用书Unit 8Warm-upStep 1 Talk about the picturesTai Chi is a form of exercise that began as a Chinese tradition. It’s based on martial arts, and involves slow movements and deep breaths. Tai Chi has many physical and emotional benefits. Some of the benefits of Tai Chi include reducing anxiety and improving cognition. It may also help you manage symptoms of some chronic conditions, such as breast cancer or heart failure.Tea, for thousands of years in the East, is regarded as key to keeping healthy, happiness, and wisdom. Studies have found that drinking tea may help with cancer, heart disease, and diabetes; encourage weight loss; lower cholesterol. Tea also appears to have anti-inflammatory effects.Step 2 Sharing your ideasThere are some common Western ways of staying healthy that are not that popular among Chinese people. Some western people like to go to gym and build muscles with high-intensity training and high-protein diet plan, and some others like sunbathing, swimming and jogging. They also share some of Chinese views on how to stay healthy, such as “don’t smoke” and“exercise regularly”.Reading 1Language focus1. hauled2. boastful3. pores4. sensible5. mania6. germs7. thump8. StarchGlobal understanding1)pores2)expand his lungs3)make his brain clear4)dead5)track6)sensible7)germs and bacilli8)fresh airDetailed understanding1. C2. A3. D4. B5. BCultural thinkingBased on my own experience, there are two tips for keeping a balanced and healthy lifestyle. First, we should eat mindfully. It’s important to distinguish between eating when we are hungry and eating for the sake of eating itself. When we are stressed or angry we should avoid using food as a coping mechanism, as it’s a habit that can easily go out of control and lead to eating disorders in the future. Second, we need to make time for exercise. Regular exercise is beneficial to the body and also the mind. The flow of happy hormones produced is the reason they call it a “runner’s high.” But we need to remember not to over exercise, which may make us weaker rather than stronger. Our body needs rest. It’s important to take some time to enjoy activities such as reading or meditating.Reading 2Language focus1. persists / persisted2. mindset3. malleable4. idealized5. homely6. genetic7. mirage8. combat9. unattainable10. consistentlyGlobal understanding1)The Ugly Duckling2)harm3)entity4)incremental5)growth mindset6)unattainable7)sense of self-worth8)plastic surgery9)healthy pursuitsDetailed understanding1) F2) F3) F4)T5)T6) F7)T8)TCultural thinkingI think the message “beauty is malleable” can be either beneficial or harmful, depending on how people interpret it. There are people who are mentally harmed due to appearance issues, because they usually suffer psychological problems after strangers laughed at them. For them, make-ups and cosmetic surgeries can be a life-saving straw.However, as the passage says, the promotion of “beauty is malleable” may cause many social and mental problems, like over anxiety about appearance and a unified standard of beauty across country. I suggest people should learn to admire their uniqueness of beauty and be more confident. At the same time, the inner beauty should be more valued in the society, not just the appearance.Integrated thinkingI know some young women having insufficient food every day in order to keep a slim body shape. Losing weight by over-dieting can be very harmful to people’s health. Being on a diet for a long time may lead to anorexia, depression, irregular menstruation and other diseases.We should first give them a scientific explanation of why their way of keeping healthy or beautiful is wrong, telling them the harm the wrong beliefs can bring about. We can also suggest some sensible approaches to staying healthy and beautiful. For example, in Chinese culture, practicing Tai Chi, jogging after dinner or the square dancing can be recommended.Culture mosaic1 The secret beauty issue Asian-Americans deal with every summerAnswer 1: Body shapesWomen in the East are very much concerned with the slenderness of their bodies. Compared to Western women, Women in the East focus more on keeping a slender figure. In the West, there has been a rise of body positivity with more curvy figures being embraced by the beauty industry.Answer 2: Face TypesFace types such as a heart face and oval face are another component of beauty in Eastern society. In contrast, the Western culture is more in favor of angular faces.2 TCM readily winning acceptance overseasI have two suggestions. First of all, I can hold international cultural exchanging activities, which not only promote traditional Chinese medicine on campus but also enrich international students’ knowledge of Chinese culture. Also, I can use new media for promotion. We can play some short videos that show the complete process of planting, picking and processing of herbs, to show international students the preciseness of the production of traditional Chinese medicine and strictness of quality control, so that they can know more about traditional Chinese medicine and pay more interest in it.3 China’s obsession with hot waterAnswer 1: Yes, I like drinking hot water. In China drinking hot water is not just a personal preference. Firstly, it is an effective way to keep warm, thus helping people alleviate period pain and stomachache. Secondly, Chinese people believe boiling water is an easy way to kill most of the harmful bacteria. Thirdly, according to the traditional Chinese medicine, our body need to keep a balance between yin and yang. Drinking warm water can nourish the yang in one’s body, which is like the powerhouse of your body.In contrast, Americans prefer cold or even ice water. In American restaurants, water is typically served in glasses full of ice cubes.Answer 2:No, I don’t like drinking hot water, unless I am sick and need some warmth for recovery. I believe the preference of drinking hot water is more like a tradition. As we have access to purified tap water in the modern society, there is no need to boil water for health reasons. Choosing a cup of cold water can be a good choice, especially in the hot summer.。

文化透视英语教程教师手册. 1～2《文化透视英语教程教师手册. 1～2》文化透视英语教程教师手册. 1~2（以下简称教师手册）是一本由多位英语专家联合编撰的图书，旨在为英语教师提供有价值的建议和技巧。

该手册被广泛应用在大小学、菁英班和幼儿园中，也可以用于英语教学实践，以提高学生的英语口语能力。

首先，教师手册介绍了一个系统的英语教学模式，这种模式采用了更安全、更有效的方法，有效的利用了学生的时间和资源，表达出的重点内容更加清晰，词汇量也更大。

其次，教师手册中记录了大量的实用性教学经验，给教学过程中的组织、设计、实施等环节提供了有效的指引，帮助教师有效增强学生的英语表达能力，准备学生与英语环境相互交流。

此外，教师手册对英语教师的修养和教学规范也给出了明确的要求，在教学实践中应做到口语自然、熟练，给学生充足的探究空间，提出能够激发学生浓厚兴趣的问题，打造适合各年龄段学生的课程，有计划的给学生以指导和鼓励，努力把握学生的学习节奏、疏导学生的学习过程等等。

这些都是英语教师非常重视的内容，有助于学生快速熟悉英语环境，掌握英语的认知技能和表达技能，从而大大提高学生的英语口语能力。

最后，教师手册提供了一系列英语教学中重要的策略，给大家带来更多有用的信息和参考，帮助英语教师更好的掌握教学技巧，从而显着提高学生的英语口语表达能力，促进我们的英语教学工作的顺利实施。

综上所述，文化透视英语教程教师手册. 1~2可以帮助英语教师更好的掌握教学细节和方法，熟练掌握新的英语教学模式，有助于英语教师更有效的组织、设计、实施等英语教学活动，让学生更加顺利地掌握英语语言和文化，提高英语口语能力，大大改善学习英语的效率，是一本珍贵而开放的英语教学参考资源。

Unit 2I. 1.at, as; 2.behind, at, of; 3.in, on, of, in (of); 4.of, of, of, in, of, by.II. 1. cannot be fully investigated, some profound hindsight, agree with;2. representing the sense of relief of, becoming a symbol, to pursue its Eurocentric vision ofexpansion, those who will become American citizens in the future;3. It seems that “freedom” cannot apply to those who are still unfree;4. may not have even understood the irony;5. recorded the moment with this drawing (or we can use Yunchao’s version: draw a picture inorder to catch (record) the moment);6. turned out to be a hoax;7. conceal/disguise American injustice.III.1. support -> align itself with2. concerns only -> only applies to3. as representatives of -> in the name of4. arrested -> picked up5. thousands of people fled their homes to a safer place -> people fled their homes to a saferplace by the thousands.IV.1. Examining layer after layer;2. result directly from;3. is doubly evident;4. Horrifying/Horrible/Terrifying/Terrible;5. looking passively/indifferently over;6. was encouraged/aroused by;7. decided to be innocent8. Hundreds of blacks fled…V.1-5. bacbc 6-10. adbaaVI.1. When we review the history of the twentieth century, we should thank /be grateful to those photographic journalists. It is they who captured many significant historical moments for us, and some of them even sacrificed/lost their lives for these / in the process.2. He was picked up as a suspect after the explosion. One reason was that he could notestablish an alibi and the second one was that his testimony/witness did not square with the facts3. The talk show at 11:30 p.m. attracts many audiences. The humorous and wittyconversations between the host and the guests often give the audiences a double take.4.The regulation of turning off the lights at 11 p.m. applies only to undergraduates.5. Who could believe that the President was innocent in this bloody racial riot? When thelocals attacked/raided the Chinese-owned stores and residences /living places by the hundreds, the police simply stood by.。

英汉委婉语的深层社会文化透视三峡大学外国语学院陈文智杨梅杨佑文摘要：委婉语是英汉民族共有的一种语言现象，委婉语源泉于语言禁忌。

从委婉语的产生及演进可以看出英汉委婉语的共怀及超同性。

文化由公开的文化和隐蔽的文化构成，隐蔽的文化是不易被意识到的属于价值观念的一部分文化，是文化结构中最深层、最稳固的部分。

语言是文化的载体和组成部分，从英汉委婉语总体超同的表象可以透视出英汉委婉语在深层文化上的差异。

Deep Cultural Projections of Euphemism in English and ChineseAbstract: Euphemism is a kind of linguistic phenomenon shared by English and Chinese, which originated from verbal taboo. From the viewpoint of origin and development of euphemism we can see clearly the general characters and similarities of euphemism between the two languages. Culture consists of overt culture and covert culture, the latter belongs to psychological level which is out-of-awareness part and it is the deepest and the most steady part in the structure. Deep cultural differences of the tow languages behind the similarity of their representation can be projected by euphemism.Key words: euphemism; verbal taboo; contrastive analysis; deep culture一、委婉语1、委婉语的产生与发展“对犯禁的事物人们用其他词语来代替就产生了委婉浯。

英语专业学生课外阅读参考书目I.基础英语类1英语短文阅读菁华张宜马鸿大连理工大学出版社2英汉介词/副词搭配词典钱建立刘立群大连理工大学出版社3《文化透视英语教程》English Through Culture 何其莘童明（美）外语教学与研究出版社4中式英语之鉴JOAN PINKHAM外语教学与研究出版社5实用英语表达技巧方亚中武汉大学出版社6 Western Civilizations Judith G. Coffin Robert C. Stacey W.W. Norton & Company7 USA Textbook 美国读本上下册高军编译金城出版社II.词典类牛津高阶英汉双解词典商务印书馆/牛津大学出版社牛津英语同义词学习词典（英汉双解版）商务印书馆/牛津大学出版社朗文当代高级英语词典（英英.英汉双解）英国培生教育出版集团、外语教学与研究出版社柯林斯高级英汉双解词典柯林斯、商务印书馆麦克米伦高阶英汉双解词典麦克米伦、外研社韦氏：Merriam-Webster’s Everyday Language Reference Set (Dictionary, Thesaurus, Vocabulary Builder) Practical English Usage （英语用法词典，牛津或剑桥出版社都有）III.英国文学类大一 :Roger B. Goodman 75Short Masterpieces Bantam Books吴学鲁编著英美短篇小说选读与欣赏北京艺术与科学电子出版社Author's Name Names of Works Chinese Name of WorksCharlotte Bronte Jane Eyre《简•爱》Lewis Carroll Alice's Adventures in Wonderland《爱丽斯漫游奇境记》Daniel Defoe Robinson Crusoe《鲁滨逊漂流记》E. M. Forster A Passage to India《印度之行》Robert Louis Stevenson Treasure Island《金银岛》Johnathan Swift Gulliver's Travels《格列佛游记》William Shakespeare Hamlet《哈姆雷特》大二：Author's Name Names of Works Chinese Name of WorksEmily Bronte Wuthering Heights《呼啸山庄》Joseph Conrad Heart of Darkness, Lord Jim《黑暗的心》、《吉姆老爷》Thomas Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles《苔丝》大三及以后：Author's Name Names of Works Chinese Name of WorksKingsley Amis Lucky Jim《幸运的吉姆》Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice《傲慢与偏见》Samuel Butler The Way of All Flesh《如此人生》Charles Dickens David Copperfield《大卫•科波菲尔德》Daphne Du Maurier Rebecca《蝴蝶梦》John Fowles The French Lieutenant's Woman《法国中尉的女人》John Galsworthy The Man of Property《有产业的人》William Golding Lord of the Flies《蝇王》James Joyce A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man《一个青年艺术家的画像》D. H. Lawrence Sons and Lovers《儿子与情人》George Orwell Animal Farm《动物庄园》Salman Rushdie Midnight Children《午夜的孩子》Sir Walter Scott Ivanhoe《艾凡赫》William M. Thackeray Vanity Fair 《名利场》H. G. Wells The Invisible Man《隐形人》Virginia Woolf Mrs. Dalloway, To the Lighthouse《达罗卫夫人》、《到灯塔去》J.K. Rowling Harry Potter 《哈利波特》系列John Ronald Reuel Tolkein The Lord of the Rings 《指环王》系列IV. 美国文学类大一 :Author's Name Names of Works Chinese Name of WorksKate Chopin The Awakening《觉醒》F. Scott Fitzgerald The Great Gatsby《伟大的盖茨比》Ernest Hemingway The Old Man and the Sea;A Farewell to Arms《老人与海》、《永别了，武器》Jack London The Call of the Wild; Martin Eden 《野性的呼唤》、《马丁•伊登》Harriet Beecher Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin《汤姆叔叔的小屋》Mark Twain The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn《哈克贝利历险记》The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 《汤姆•索耶历险记》大二：Author's Name Names of Works Chinese Name of WorksRalph Ellison Invisible Man《看不见的人》William Faulkner The Sound and the Fury《喧哗与骚动》Toni Morrison The Bluest Eye《最蓝的眼睛》Vladimir Nabokov Lolita《洛丽塔》大三及以后：Author's Name Names of Works Chinese Name of WorksBenjamin Franklin The autobiography《自传》Sherwood Anderson winesburg, Ohio《小镇畸人》Stephen Crane The Red Badge of Courage《红色英勇勋章》Theodore Dreiser Sister Carrie《嘉丽妹妹》Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Letter《红字》Joseph Heller Catch-22《第22条军规》Henry James Daisy Miller《黛西•米勒》Norman Mailer The Naked and the Dead《裸者与死者》Margaret Mitchell Gone with the Wind《飘》J. D. Salinger The Catcher in the Rye 《麦田里的守望者》John Steinbeck The Grapes of Wrath《愤怒的葡萄》Alice Walker The Color Purple 《紫颜色》Thomas Wolfe Look Homeward, Angel 《天使望故乡》Herman Wouk The Winds of War《战争风云》Richard Wright Native Son 《私生子》Henry James The Portrait of a Lady《贵妇画像》Herman Melville Moby Dick 《白鲸》V. 中国文化类Yung Ming My Life in China and America我在中国和美国的生活—容闳回忆录Tcheng Ki Tong Chiang monlin Tides from the West陈季同--《望海潮》The Chinese Painted by Themselves陈季同--《中国人自画像》Ku Hung Ming The Spirit of the Chinese People辜鸿铭--《中国人的精神》Fei Hsiao Tung Peasant Life in China 费孝通--《中国农民的生活》Lin Yu Tang My Country and My People林语堂--《吾国与吾民》The Art of Life 《生活的艺术》Patrick White Voss The Tree of Man 《人树》（澳大利亚）VI. 其他序号书名作者出版社1 《希腊的神话和传说》（德）斯威布著，楚图南译，人民文学出版社2 《俄狄浦斯王》（《索福克勒斯悲剧二种》）罗念生译，人民文学出版社3 《哈姆莱特》（《莎士比亚悲剧四》）卞之琳译，人民出版社4 《伪君子》莫里哀著，李健吾译，上海译文出版社5 《浮士德》歌德著，董问樵译，复旦大学出版社6 《悲惨世界》（法）雨果著，李丹、方于译，人民文学出版社7 《红与黑》（法）司汤达著，郝运译，上海译文出版社8 《高老头》（法）巴尔扎克著，傅雷译，人民文学出版社9 《中国文学史》章培恒，骆玉明复旦大学出版社10 《中国当代文学史》洪子诚北京大学出版社11《百年孤独》（哥伦比亚）加西亚•马尔克斯著，黄锦炎等译，上海译文出版社，12 《一千零一夜》（阿拉伯）纳训译，人民文学出版社1957年版13 《等待戈多》（法）萨缪埃尔•贝克特著，收《荒诞派戏剧选》外国文学出版社14《外国文学作品选》（两卷本）郑克鲁编，复旦大学出版15《红楼梦》曹雪芹著，人民文学出版社16《西游记》吴承恩著，人民文学出版社17《水浒传》施耐庵著，人民文学出版社18《三国演义》罗贯中著，人民文学出版社19《唐诗选》中国社会科学院文学所编，人民文学出版社20《唐宋词选》中国社科院文学所编，人民文学出版社21《宋诗选注》钱钟书选注，人民文学出版社22《长生殿》洪昇著，人民文学出版社23《桃花扇》孔尚任著，人民文学出版社24《老残游记》刘鹗著，人民文学出版社25《鲁迅小说集》人民文学出版社26 《野草》鲁迅著，人民文学出版社27《女神》郭沫若著，人民文学出版社28《郁达夫小说集》浙江人民出版社29《新月诗选》陈梦家编，上海书店复印30《子夜》茅盾著，人民文学出版社31《家》巴金著，人民文学出版社32《沈从文小说选集》人民文学出版社33《骆驼祥子》老舍著，人民文学出版社34《曹禺选集》曹禺著，人民文学出版社35《艾青诗选》艾青著，人民文学出版社36《围城》钱钟书著，人民文学出版社37《语言问题》赵元任著，商务印书馆，38《语言与文化》罗常培著，语文出版社，39《汉语语法分析问题》吕叔湘著，商务印书馆，40《20世纪西方美学名著选》蒋孔阳主编，复旦大学出版社41《西方美学史》朱光潜著，人民文学出版社42《论语》43 《弟子规》44 英语习语与英美文化(跨文化交际丛书) 平洪张国扬45 钱钟书英文文集46 西行漫记(英汉对照)47 英语的变异48 解读美国第1, 2, 3级49 林语堂英文作品选VII杂志及报刊1 English Language learning 英语学习 2Beijing Review 北京周报3 21 st century 21世纪4 English World英语世界5 China Daily中国日报6 Studio Classroom 《空中英语教室》7 Economists 《经济学家》8 New Yorker 《纽约客》阅读时间:书名/文章名:作者:出版社:出版时间:阅读内容:页数:阅读笔记:。

1.为了迎接2008年奥运会，北京市政府制订了一系列措施以改善北京的空气污染，但是现在还很难说这些措施是否有效。

Inpreparationforthe2008OlympicGames, Beijinggovernmenthas worked out a series of measures to improve the Beijing's air quality,however, whether these measures will be worked has no answer.2.我的好朋友玛丽说她想退学。

我劝她仔细考虑一下退学将会给她的人生带来什么影响。

MygoodfriendMarysaythatshewouldliketodropout.Ipersuade her contemplating that what kinds of effects will be bringin her life.3.从加强国际合作和双边贸易方面来说，改善中美关系对双方都是有利的。

ItisbenefitforbothsidestoimproveSino-US[中美之间的]relationshipintermsof （在…方面）strengtheninternationalcooperation and the bilateraltrade(双边贸易).4.虽然教育部取消了对大学生婚姻的要求,但是许多老年人仍然认为成了家的学生不能够专心致志的读书。

Although The Ministry of Education has cancelled the maritalstatus requested, many old people hold the view of (insist on) thatthe students who had a family will be not concentrate their study.5.第一次开车上路的时候，她被路边的路标搞糊涂了，几次从错误的出口下了高速公路.In her first driving, she was confused by the road signs at theroadside, a few times from the wrong exit off the highway.6.女儿被害后，，她辞去了工作，走了几个省追寻杀害女生的凶手，最后她的婚姻也破裂了。

分类号学校代码！鳗鲤密级学号-20-**********翻译中的归化与异化——以《文化透视英语教程》为例ＤｏｍｅｓｔｉｃａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＦｏｒｅｉｇｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎｉｎｒｎｌｌｒａｎｓｌａｔｌｏｎ－·－－ＡｃａｓｅｓｔｕｄｙｏｆＥｎｇｌｉｓｈＴｈｒｏｕｇｈＣｕｌｔｕｒｅ指导教师姓名、职称直鎏塑塾撞湖南师范大学学位评定委员会办公室二０一一年五月’一一一ＤｏｍｅｓｔｉｃａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＦ０ｒｅｌｇｎｌＺａｔｌｏｎｌｎ，－ｎｌｒａｎＳＩａｔｌｏｎ－－·－ＡｃａｓｅｓｔｕｄｙｏｆＥｎｇｌｉｓｈＴｈｒｏｕｇｈＣｕｌｔｕｒｅＡ砀ｅｓｉｓＳｕｂｍｉｔｔｅｄｔｏＦｏｒｅｉｇｎＳｔｕｄｉｅｓＣｏｌｌｅｇｅＯｆＨｕｎａｎＮｏｒｍａｌＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙＩｎＰａｒｔｉａｌＦｕｌｆｉｌｌｍｅｎｔｏｆｔｈｅＲｅｑｕｉｒｅｍｅｎｔｓＦｏｒＴｈｅＤｅｇｒｅｅｏｆＭａｓｔｅｒｏｆＴｒａｎｓｌａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＩｎｔｅｒｐｒｅｔｉｎｇＢｙＹａｎｇＬｕＵｎｄｅｒｔｈｅＳｕｐｅｒｖｉｓｉｏｎｏｆＰｒｏｆｅｓｓｏｒＸｉａｏＹｕｎｃｈｕＣｈａｎｇｓｈａ，ＨｕｎａｎＭａｙ，２０１１摘要语言是文化的载体，而翻译将两种语言相互转换，传递文化信息，与文化密不可分。

作为文化传递的桥梁，译文既要能被目的语读者接受，又要能传递源语文化。

这种文化的转化引起了归化与异化之争。

在跨文化翻译中，归化与异化各有长短，翻译时应慎重考虑。

归化翻译强调译者应该打破文化间的障碍，避免文化冲突，使译文能被读者接受。

异化翻译强调译文要重现源语语言文化，为读者呈现原汁原味的异域风情和语言风格。

本文主要从三个部分来阐述归化与异化的发展问题：第一部分主要介绍归化和异化问题的由来以及两者的内涵；第二部分主要论述归化和异化在使用时是如何对立统一的；第三部分从翻译实践出发（以英译汉为主），举例说明了归化和异化的具体应用方法；最后得出结论：在跨文化翻译中，归化和异化不是完全对立的，而是相辅相成，相互融合的。