基英 翻译 期末

Unit 1Into English1.给这个词下定义to define the word2.反感这种对待to resent the treatment3.使学生沮丧to frustrate the students4.宣战to declare the war5.对结果做出评估to evaluate the result6.履行义务to perform the obligation7.缩小差距to narrow the gap8.扩大业务to expand the business9.陈述事实to present the factsInto Chinese1.realize one’s strengths and weaknesses认识自己的优缺点2.enter the work world 进入职场3.learn to handle one’s personal finances学会管理个人财务4.have excessive need for parental approval 凡事都要父母认同5.project our future roles as men or women 规划我们未来的社会性别角色6.internalize religious faith, value and morals 逐步培养和建立自己的宗教信仰、道德和价值观念7.learn to choose one’s wardrobe学习穿衣之道8.establish one’s identity确立个人身份9.question and rebel against old ideas 怀疑并反抗旧观念10.defy and challenge authority 反抗权威，挑战权威句子翻译1）.He is so devoted to his research that the idea that he will soon have to retire never occurs to him.2). Many people have observed that, without effective checks, we have a tendency toabuse our power.3). Some countries refuse to get involved in this dispute and they resent any foreigninterference.4). The control of the sand storms involves a tremendous amount of work and money.5). You have to take into consideration the local conditions when you apply thesetechnologies. 6). All applicants will have to fill out this form and mail in an application fee of 50 dollars.7). Based on his careful observation of children’s behavior he came to the conclusionthat learning is a natural pleasure.8). In a country of many nationalities, ethnic harmony requires very careful handling.9). The government is determined to punish all the corrupt officials involved.10). Cheating at exams does not occur very often. But when it does, the school takes avery tough position. 5. Fill in the blanks with the most课后段落翻译We are not unlike a particularly hardy crusacean.The lobster grows by developing and shedding a series of hard, protective shells. Each time it expands from within, the confining shell must be sloughed off. It is left exposed and vulnerable until, in time , a new covering grows to replace the old.我们人类成长的过程与海里的虾蟹颇相似。

1.由于缺少资金，整个计划失败了。

The whole plan fell through for want of fund.(fallthrough)2.他对生产成本的估算总是准确无误。

He calculates the cost of production withinvariable accuracy.(invariable)3.公司发言人的不负责任讲话受到了严厉指责。

The spokesman of the corporationwith berated for his irresponsibleWords.(berate)这名商业银行的年轻职员看出那张是英镑的假币。

The young clerk from the commercial bank spotted the counterfeit ten-pound note.(spot)4.请把候补名单上他的名字换成你的名字。

Please substitute her name for yourson the waiting list.(substitute)5.没有确凿的证据表明他是有罪的。

There no tangible evidence to indicate that heis guilty.(tangible)6.我断定被告是无辜的。

I affirmed that the accused was innocent.(affirm)7.毁坏随着战争而来。

War is accompanied by destruction.(accompany)8.他蛰居在自己的农舍里。

He remained secluded in his farmhouse.(secluded)9.许多年轻人喜欢这位散文家的华丽文体。

A lot of young people appreciate theessayist's florid style.(florid)10.这位教授是一位热诚的环境保护主义者。

1.1 我安排他们在小酒吧见面，但那个小伙子一直都没有来。

（turn up）I had arranged for them to meet each other at the pub but the young man never turned up.1.2 你无法仅凭表象判断形势是否会变得对我们不利。

(tell from appearance)You can’t tell merely from appearance whether things will turn out unfavorable to us or not.1.3 那个士兵每次打仗都冲锋在前，从而赢得了国家最高的荣誉。

(stand in the gap)The soldier, who stood in the gap in every battle, gained the highest honors of the country.1.4 主席讲话很有说服力，委员会其他成员都听从他的意见。

（yield to）The chairman spoke so forcefully that the rest of the committee yielded to his opinion.1.5 他们现在生活富裕了，但也曾经历坎坷。

（ups and downs）They are well-to-do now, but along the way they had their ups and downs.1.6 这次演讲我将说明两个问题。

（address oneself to）There are two questions to which I will address myself in his lecture.1.7 我们正筹划为你举办一次盛大的圣诞聚会。

（in somebody’s honour）We are planning a big Christmas party in your honour.1.8 听到那个曲子，我回想起了儿童时代。

Unit 1.1.听到他屡遭失败的消息，我感到很难过。

（distress）2.他虽然失去了老板的欢心，但仍装出一副高兴的样子。

(assume)3.格列佛(Gulliver)经历了冒险奇遇，见到了各色各异的人物。

(assortment)4.如果你再犯同样的错误，他会很生你气的。

（furious）5.我们都被他坦率的观点、幽默的语言和亲切的态度所深深吸引。

(draw)6.等到欢呼的掌声平息下来，那位诺贝尔奖获得者开始演讲。

(die down)7.他天生有一种特别的洞察力和预见力，因此，他很少随大流。

（run with the crowd）8.我发现现实毕竟是非常严酷的，一个人难以完全按照自己的理想去生活。

（live up to）Unit 2.1.我的顶头上司是典型的工作狂，一年365天每天工作十个小时以上。

（workaholic）2.校长十分重视课外活动，他认为课外活动有助于培养学生对外部世界的浓厚兴趣。

（extracurricular）3.星期一早上，他总是快速冲个澡，胡乱吃块三明治，拦辆出租车去上班。

（grab）4.既然你要离开公司了，你要在本周内算清账目。

(straighten out)5.为了按时完成博士论文，他经常熬夜。

（stay up）6.没有什么能够取代内心深处最深切的爱。

（replace）7.他被认为是总裁职位的当然人选，因为他已经出色地做了近十年副总裁。

（natural n.）8.他实在太普通了，丢人堆里根本找不着。

（pick out）Unit 3.1.这所大学是世界上历史最悠久的高等学府之一。

（venerable）2.如果一个人缺乏实践经验，仅凭课堂里学的东西是难以成功的。

（deficient）3.我火冒三丈，这篇专题文章本周内必须写完，但老是被打断。

（exasperate）4.他认为用旧文体来写一个当代的主题是滑稽可笑的。

（ludicrous）5.上海的外滩在上世纪七八十年代是年轻情侣喜欢来的谈情说爱之地。

1. Based on the theory of “Survival of the Fittest ”,it is the nature that determines all creatures’life.(正是大自然主宰者所有生物的生命)2. My husband likes the adventurous life, while I like/enjoy a more peaceful domestic life.（而卧喜欢较安静的家居生活）3. All the economists find that the present crisis is much less a political than an economic one.（当前的危机与其说是政治危机，不如说是经济危机）4. Considering the fairness and justice , a series of cases should all be investigated in public/publicly.（一系列的案例都要被公开调查）5. No matter how well he performed off the stage ,he always feel nervous when on the stage.（不论他在台下演得多好）1. From the perspective of the senior expert in education , it is equally important to teach students both knowledge and practical skills.（从教育领域资深专家的角度来看）2.Threatened by the danger of information leakage , it is urgent toput personal data protection on the agenda.（亟需将个人信息保护提上日程）3.He persisted in carrying on the experiment ,regardless of thesetbacks he had undergone.（不管经历多少挫折）4.The contributions made by the scientific geniuses are out ofproportion to their population.（和其人口数量不成比例）5.Generally speaking , his success can be attributed to diligenceand perseverance.（归因于勤奋和恒心）1. It has been proved that only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the ever-changing society.（我们才能让自己适应不断变化的社会）2. They are still negotiating in the meeting so that they can reach a win-win situation.（他们能达到双赢局面）3. It is reported that he was deprived of political right ,but he did not show any sense of depression.（据报道他被剥夺了政治权利）4. Without anyone to rely on , she has no choice but to fulfill the task by herself.（除了自己完成任务外别无选择）5. Seeing so many juvenile crimes nowadays, I cannot help reflecting on the general education.（我忍不住反思起普通教育）1. When measuring the influences of economic recession , it is required that we take the unemployment rate into consideration/ account.（我们要将失业率考虑在内）2. One of the phenomena triggered by the Internet is that many people get addicted to online shopping.（很多人开始沉迷于网上购物）3. As long as you live up to your parents’expectation ,you are living a worthy life.（只要你没有辜负父母的期望）4. It is no doubt she is lucky, as her intelligence makes up for her lack of experience.（她的智力弥补了她经验的不足）5. State-owned enterprises under the protection of government have been transformed into the market economy.（受政府保护的国有企业）。

翻译概论期末复习1.基本概念（互译）补偿compensation不可译性untranslatability （untranslatable）达/ 易'懂intelligibility/expressiveness等效原则principle of equivalent effect等值翻译equivale nt tran slation动态对等dynamic equivalence读者反映论reader's response读者为中心的翻译标准reader-centered for translation 对等物（词语）equivalent对应（部分对应 / 完全对应）（partial/full ） correspondence翻译程序 /步骤translation procedures翻译体/翻译腔translationese翻译学translatology/Translation Studies风格style佛经Buddhist Scriptures/sutra符际翻译intersemiotic translation改变说法rewording功能对等functional equivale nee归化domestication/naturalization/adaptation/endogenization/target-accommodating translation 机器翻译machine translation （MT）交际翻译communicative translation 交替口译consecutive interpreting 解码decode 可译性translatability （translatable）理解understanding/comprehension 流畅fluency 舌L译 / 胡译excessively free translation 明析化explicitation 模仿imitation 目的论skopostheorie 诗学poetics 视点转换shift of perspective 释义法 /解释法explanation/paraphrase 死译/ 硬译mechanical translation 套译/仿译/仿拟imitation通顺smoothness同声传译simultaneous interpreting透明（度）transparency歪译（意义扭曲）distortion伪译pseudotranslation文本text 文本等值textual equivalence 文本为中心的翻译标准text-centered criteria for translation 文化沟（空缺/非对应）cultural gap误译mis・translation 信/ 忠实faithfulness/fidelity 形合hypotaxis 形式对等formal equivalence 形式对应formal correspondence 雅/ 优美elegance/gracefulness 异彳匕foreignization/alienation/exoticization/ exogenization/source-oriented translation 译本 / 译著translated text/translational work 译借（语义转借）calque（loan translation）译文target text, translation, target version, rendering, rendition译语 / 译入语target language（TL）, receptor language, receiving language 译语读者target-language reader/TLreader/receiving audienee 译语文彳匕target-language culture/target culture/receiving culture 译者为中心的翻译标准translator-centered criteria for translation 译者隐形translator * s invisibility 意合parataxis 意识形态ideology意译free translation/liberal translation/semantic translation 音译法transliteration 语际翻译interlingual tran slati on 语境con text语内翻译intralingual translation 语义翻译semantic translation 原文 / 原著source text (ST), SL text, original text, original version/original work 原彳乍者SL author, original author 源语 / 译出语source language(SL), original language 源语读者source-language reader/SL reader 源语文化source・ language culture/source culture 纟勺定俗成conve ntion 再现reproduction/representatio n 赞助patron age 直译literal translation/direct translation 逐字译word-for-wordtranslation/worcMoword substitution/verbatim translation 注释性翻译armotated/commented translation 专业人士professionals 转换transformation 自然naturalness/idiomaticity 综合法mixture of methods2.翻译理论家及其理论信达雅faithfulness 、 expressiveness and eleganee长期被我国广大译者视为翻译标准。

大一下学期基英期末翻译题总结Unit11) It is wrong to raise our children the way we grow flowers in the greenhouse.We must expose them to all social problems because very soon they will be dealing with them as responsible citizens.2) As time goes on we are inevitably going to get more and more involved ininternational affairs. And conflicts are sure to occur because there always exist different views and interests between nations.3) We are proud of our accomplishments, and we have reason to be. But we mustnever become arrogant. Otherwise we will lose our friends.4) Information is now easily available. An average computer can store theinformation of a small library5) That construction company is not qualified to handle the project. They do nothave any legal document to certify that they have the necessary expertise. We must find a company that specializes in building theatres.6) These think tanks do not make decisions. They are out to generate new ideasand penetrating analyses that will be extremely useful for decision makers. 7) The growth of GDP is not everything. Our country cannot be said to have beenmodernized unless the quality of our people’s lives is really improved.8) Poor as we were in many ways at that time, we were still quite happy aschildren, for there was clean air, clean water, a lot of fish, crabs and eels in the rivers, lakes, and ponds; and a lot of flowers, trees and birds in the fields.9) Give absolute power to some individual or any particular group of people, andthat person or group are sure to abuse that power because, just as Lord Acton says, “Power corrupts, and absolute power corrupts absolutely.”10) Traditionally in our country school education was always said to be moreimportant and useful compared with all other pursuits.Unit31) Health care must be available to all citizens regardless of their differences.We cannot justify the policy that denies the care to the large population living in the country.2) They claim to have discovered a universal law which applies to all nations.3) I often made a fool of myself when I was living with my uncle onhis farm. When asked to get rid of the weed in the rice fields, for example,I often failed to tell apart the weed and the rice seedlings.4) Why go there today? I’d much rather we st ay until the snow ceases.5) Rice requires large quantities of water and many scientists warn us thateven if we use our water sparingly, the day will inevitably come when we will be fighting over limited supplies of water resources.6) There has been quite a noticeable change in recent years. We no longerlean on export for economic growth. We now tend to put more emphasis on home consumption.7) Today’s tendency is to give little kids too many tests and exams until theyare no good for anything but taking exams.8) It is pointless to force professors to publish a fixed number of papersannually regardless of their quality. Besides, this is a demand even Einstein would not have been able to meet.Unit41)The fact that he was able to avoid the seemingly inevitable crash madehim a national hero.2)Of the four students who risked their lives to try to drag the drowningchildren to shore, two never returned.3)The Japanese are known for their long life span. They believe they owethis to their eating habits/composition of their diet, which contains a lot of fish products.4)I know Harris. I couldn’t imagine a man like him making such stupidremarks.5)After testing her loyalty many times, he was now going to give her themost dangerous task.6)I hear that Lincoln delivered an extremely powerful speech on thatoccasion. Whatever did he actually say?7)That this time they must be ready to challenge death was clear toeverybody. But no one regretted this move.8)As accidents go/As far as accidents are concerned, there was nothingout of the ordinary: a crazy young man drives a car on a university campus and kills a young woman student. What is unusual is the fact that the man dares to challenge the people who want to take him to court because his father is a local police officer.9)Every time/Whenever we decide on a financial policy, we have to makea clear distinction between short-term interests and long-term interests.10)Although it was early October, people could already be seen drivingacross the frozen river.Unit51）The government will have to decide when and how to put brakes on the economy before it speeds out of control.2）Why waste money building an airport in the middle of nowhere? We must not ignore the fact that what people here need most is clean water and clean air.3）They thought they might take a different route on their return trip so as to explore the great canyon in Tibet.4）She traveled around the world and came back home quite a changed person, educated and greatly revitalized.5）There is no easy fix for our social problems. We should explore all possibilities and move one step at a time.6）All old traditions die a slow and lingering death. Customs and habits that have taken so long to form can’t be expected to disappear overnight. 7）Madam Chang was considered a pioneer who advocated combining classic Chinese music with Western music.8）I was so stunned when I heard the news, that for quite some time I didn’t know what to say.9）The soldiers are learning how to survive in the wilderness.10）I’ll go there with you if you insist. But really I won’t be much help to you.Unit81) If it hadn’t been for one man’s courage and wisdom, the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone could never have succeeded. This man was the first mayor of the city.2) ---- Sorry I cut you off just now. You were saying…---- I was saying that it is not easy to break down the resistance of those conservatives. But we must go at them step by step.3) The government knows only too well that it cannot increase taxes atwill without hurting home consumption. But to shift the emphasisfrom export to domestic consumption takes time.4) Even with all these home appliances, it is impossible to do away with/ eliminate our domestic labor completely.5) Our town must have looked this way three hundred years ago. Manyold buildings were about to fall in ruins. Some of our leaders wanted to tear them down and put up new tall buildings in their place. But due to lack of money, the plan had to be abandoned. Looking back that was actually a blessing. Today our town has become a tourist attraction.6) Ironically, sometimes, the more we increase production, the more wedecrease profit.7) This project has occupied too much of my time. I could not launch anew project even if I wanted to.8) To tell the truth, I’m more worried about social stagn ation thaneconomic slowdown. Of course, you may not share my view.9) Sadly enough, not everyone realizes that if we do not improve oureducational standards, we will lag behind other countries for ever.Unit9`1)Mr. Lin has always concerned himself with the desertification problem. Ifully agree with him that this is a serious concern as regards our environment protection.2)The spokesman of our government expressed our deep concern for thetwo Chinese engineers who were recently taken hostage by the pirates.3)It is hard to visualize how we can protect the dam from enemy attack.4)Freedom of religion means not only that people can pursue differentfaiths. It also means that they have the right not to have any religion.5)We teachers usually meet once every week to compare notes about ourteaching.6)The situation of this area is very delicate. No country should be allowedto do anything to threaten the precarious balance.7)To be adequate as a translator, we must have a good command of boththe foreign language and Chinese. And I consider myself terribly inadequate in this respect.8)However we differ in our opinion, we must face the challenge together.9)The way I define a good education is that, when you get through it, younot only know how to make a living, but you also know how to live.。

基英一、单词1.backdrop背景2.barbecue烧烤3.bonnet阀门4.cliche陈词滥调5.confront面对6.enlightenment启迪7.expatriate移居国外8.fleeciness蓬松的9.goggle-eyed突眼的10.heritage遗产11.immersed浸入的12.jarring不和谐的cuna空隙unch发射15.make-believe伪装16.peer凝视17.personify赋予……人性18.prompt敏捷的19.purse手提袋20.reenactment再制定再扮演21.regulation管理规则22.resonate共鸣共振23.riposte还击24.sinister阴险的，凶险的25.skirmish小争论，小冲突26.suppress抑制27.swell膨胀28.twinge阵痛，悔恨29.unease不安，不舒服30.agnoy苦恼31.arrogance自大32.benefactor救助者33.burlesque可笑的34.callous无情的35.caricature漫画promise妥协37.conceit幻想38.conceive构思39.conversationalist健谈的人40.delusion迷惑41.demon恶魔42.downright明显的43.exhausting使精疲力尽44.gloom忧郁，阴暗45.grandeur壮丽，宏伟46.groveling卑微的47.harangue高谈阔论48.idiotic白痴的49.infidelity无信仰50.libretto剧本51.loftily高尚的52.mania狂热53.mistress情妇，女主人54.nerve神经55.pamphlet小册子56.procession队伍57.rajah首长58.rave咆哮59.recipient容器，接受者60.shudder发抖61.stupendous惊人的62.suicidal自杀的63.testimony证词64.tiresome烦人的65.torment折磨66.undersized较一般为小的67.unscrupulous肆无忌惮的68.vegetarianism69.volubility流利健谈的70.accomplice同谋71.acknowledge承认，答谢72.assemble集合73.athwart相反74.awkwardly笨拙地75.bonsai盆栽76.cache躲藏77.close-cropped剪短，短发的78.deceased已故的79.dignified庄严的80.disinfectant消毒的81.dome圆屋顶82.facsimile传真83.forceps钳子84.furtive鬼鬼祟祟的85.heft举起，重要性86.inert迟缓的，呆滞的87.kickshaw华而不实的玩物88.oatmeal燕麦片89.probe探针，调查90.prune减少91.repose休息92.scab结疤93.scramble攀登94.shard陶瓷碎片95.snowbound被雪困住96.stance立场97.stump树枝分叉98.tan晒成棕褐色99.vile卑鄙的100.scrambled egg炒蛋101.abundant丰富的102.cadence节奏，韵律103.catfish鲶鱼104.critique批评105.daze使茫然106.dubious可疑的107.grit研磨108.humiliate羞辱109.kinship亲属关系110.maneuver演习111.mentor指导者112.nondenominational与宗教无关113.oratorical演说的114.pound重击声115.prodigious惊人的116.resurrect复活复兴117.retreat撤退118.savor尽情享受119.sermon布道，训诫120.smirk假笑，傻笑121.snicker偷笑，假笑122.stutter口吃123.traumatic外伤的124.trilogy三部曲125.tutelage监护，指导126.vent发泄127.vibrant震动的128.wry歪斜的129.accustomed习惯的130.amazing令人惊讶的131.Americanphile132.Americaphobe133.antagonism对抗134.bid投标135.bilingualism能用两种语言的136.celebrity名声，人名137.cellar地下室138.confer授予139.conundrum难题，谜语140.cosmopolitan世界性的141.defy对抗142.detectably可检测的143.distribute分开144.ethnologist民族学者145.exempt免除146.feature特色147.icon图标，偶像148.indigenous本土的149.indispensable不可缺少的150.monocular单眼的151.nemesis报应152.notoriety恶名153.omnipresent无所不在的154.portal大门155.resentment愤恨怨恨156.resort凭借，手段157.routine例行公事158.semiculture159.swoosh160.Tungusian通古斯满族语。

第三章名词的抽象和具体译法第一节名词的抽象译法(p68）粗枝大叶to be crude and careless (with big branches and large leaves)海阔天空to talk with random（with a vast sea and boundless sky)灯红酒绿dissipated and luxurious （with red lights and green wine)纸醉金迷of life of luxury and dissipation (with drunken paper and bewitched gold)单枪匹马to be single-handed in doing sth （with a solitary spear and a single horse)赤胆忠心ardent loyalty （with red gut and heart）无孔不入to take advantage of every weakness （to get into every hole）扬眉吐气to feel proud and elated （to raise the eyebrows and let out a breath)开门见山to come straight to the point （to open the door and see the mountain）大张旗鼓on a large and spectacular scale (to make a great array of flags and drums)风雨飘摇(of a situation) being unstable (the wind and rain are rocking)二．翻译下列句子（1）这是他们夫妻之间的事情，你去插一脚干吗?That’s a business of their own, between husband and wife. Why should you get involved in? （2）别人家里鸡零狗碎的事情你都知道得这么全，真是个顺风耳啊！You know all the bits and pieces of trifles of other families。

词级等值翻译but‖said he,impressively ―be not disturbed by that—remain tranquil—give yourselves no uneasiness—their dust rises far before us,you shall see it fade and disappear far behind us.Right you tranquil,leave all to me—I am the king of drivers.Behold!‖– a Tramp Abroad不过，别烦恼、别急噪、别发毛。

别看他们现在尘埃滚滚走在我们前头，管叫他们不久将望尘莫及落在我们后头。

放宽心，我担保。

我本是车夫王嘛！‖他这番话说得我们来了劲头We sat down to study and enjoy this singular spectacle.—A Tramp Abroad我们坐下来欣赏玩味这别具一格的景色。

This paper is our passport to the gallows.But there’s no backing out now.If we don’t hang together, we shall most assuredly hang separately.‖—1776这文件就是我们上绞刑架的护照。

退路是没有啦！如果我们不在一起缠着，就必然将分开吊着As the last man signs,the sound of the tolling Liberty Bell in the belfry above become almost deafening.但最后一个人签名时，钟楼上自由子钟悠扬的钟声越敲越响，几乎震耳欲聋。

His discourse became lost in fantastic digression(希特勒的谈话越说越远，越说越离奇，最后不知说到哪里去了The house detective’s piggy eyes surveyed her sardonically from his gross jowled face.His gaze move on to sweep the spacious,well-appointed room,encompassing the Duke who face them uncertainly,his back to a window.—Blackmail旅馆侦探那张下巴嘟噜的脸上那对猪样的眼睛讥讽地打量着她，接着向这宽敞的设备齐全的房间扫视一圈，最后目光围绕背朝窗户，心神不定地面对着他们的公爵打转。