粗犷与细腻兼得 福特EcoBoost V6发动机拆解

在美国，最能代表美国汽车文化的莫过于两种车型，肌肉车和皮卡，这两种车见证了美国汽车文化的发展。

而皮卡在美国的影响则异常深远，皮卡汽车代表着美国人追求自由的民族个性，同时也是美国人生活的剪影。

而今天的主角就是福特的F系列皮卡，它车体庞大、强劲而有力、它在北美每年的销量以数十万辆计算，连续35年名列美国皮卡销量第一。

而它最知名的代表车型就是F-150，相信大部分越野迷都熟悉F-150，宽大的车身设计、大排量发动机、简单而有效地行驶机构，让F-150拥有着极其优秀的越野能力。

F系列至今已近65年，从一辆普通的货运汽车到风靡全球的豪华皮卡，F系列车型经历了十二代的变化，下面编辑将为大家介绍F系列车型的发展历程。

●第一代（1948年-1952年）福特F系列皮卡诞生于1948年，是为了取代福特此前基于汽车生产的皮卡车型。

第一代福特F系皮卡看起来并不是那么威猛，细长而圆润的发动机盖以及多横幅的进气格栅让这款车的前脸看起来很可爱。

第一代F系列车型有2门版和4门版两种车身结构，其中2门版被称为pickup：皮卡。

而4门版被称为panel truck：小型运货汽车。

『第一代F系列车型』从第一代车型起，F系列车型就开始以字母和数字的组合方式进行车型划分。

第一代车型根据载重量的不同分为F1至F8共8种车型。

其中F-1载重0.5吨，F-2载重0.75吨。

再往上分别为1吨、1.5吨再到2吨的载重量。

配置上，第一代福特F系采用一片式前风挡，并配备脚踏式雨刷，另外在乘客位置还增加了遮阳板，这对于一辆商用载货车来说是非常稀罕的配置了。

福特F系皮卡在1948年诞生后经历了一次小改款，主要是车灯等一些细节设计有些变化。

『第一代车型福特F3』动力方面，第一代车型有7种动力可选，F-1到F-6车型使用福特的直列6缸发动机，最大功率95马力和110马力。

两款更强动力的福特V8发动机分别搭载在F-7和F-8上，最大功率分别为145马力和155马力。

福特全顺大家族打开文本图片集在2022年初美国底特律车展上，福特发布了全新第八代全顺，并同时宣布全顺车型进军美国和加拿大，以取代陈旧的E系列Econoline厢式车。

上一代全顺在2022年发布，2年后在中国上市。

那一代车型代号为V347/8，由于当时采取车型平台共享策略，即前驱版V347和后驱版V348共同使用车身模块，所以导致车型分工不够彻底。

从这一代开始，福特似乎正在把Transit打造成一个独立品牌，而且还对全顺的车型策略进行了调整，将轻客/轻卡与类似于MPV的面包车分开了。

后者继续使用从上一代沿用下来的TransitCustom和TourneoCustom车名，其竞争对手也更明确，直指梅赛德斯-奔驰唯雅诺/威霆和大众迈特威T5。

新全顺进入美国后将在密苏里州堪萨斯市生产，而在欧洲的生产基地则位于土耳其，那里主要投产全顺的前驱车TransitCustom和TourneoCustom。

新全顺提供三款发动机，分别是具备Ti-VCT进排气正时可变的3.7升汽油V6发动机、来自F150皮卡的EcoBoost3.5升V6直喷涡轮增压汽油机、3.2升直列5缸涡轮增压柴油机。

所有车型均装备6速手自一体变速器。

除了以上传统能源之外，全顺还提供E85（85%乙醇和15%汽油）、CNG和LPG多种燃料方式，以便符合各个地区的环保标准。

TourneoCustom/TransitCustom这是从Transit车系里分离出来的车型，从这一代开始，前驱版Tourneo面包车（Passengervan）和厢货TransitCustom拥有了自己的车身和独立的设计风格。

Tourneo有2933mm和3300mm两种轴距，座位数则提供8-9座任选。

在不到2000mm的高度里，Tourneo提供宽敞舒适的内部空间，标配双侧滑门和掀背式尾门。

车内装备也与福特轿车看齐，SYNC娱乐系统、车道保持、自动远光灯切换等装备一应俱全。

车身采用了超过40%的超强钢，同时福特还重新设计了行人保护结构。

N EWS/ford/fordNext-Gen Ranger Raptor Owners Can Dial-Up Their Exhaust Sound With Modes Ranging from Mild to Wild• Next-gen 292kW V6 Ranger Raptor is equipped with a 2.5-inch active valveexhaust system that allows owners to select the exhaust sound they want• Stay in the good books with your neighbours by setting next-gen Ranger Raptor tostart up in Quiet mode• Baja mode for your phone: download the Ford Ranger Raptor Baja exhaust file tocreate a unique ringtonePRETORIA, South Africa, August 19, 2022 – The next-generation Ranger Raptor is not only built to dominate the deserts and master the mountains, but thanks to the 3.0L twin-turbo V6 model’s new active valve twin exhaust system and four drive modes – including Quiet mode for early morning starts – it ’s designed to keep the peace around town , too .The system is designed to control the noise emitted from the next-gen Ranger Raptor’s powerful 292kW 3.0L twin-turbo V6 via an active exhaust system that opens valves – much like a saxophone or a large pipe organ – to change the sound of the car based on the driver’s mood."For the next Ranger Raptor we wanted to really make the character of the car come alive, to emphasise the power and define the presence of the vehicle, but not make the car tiring when it didn't need to be. We spent hundreds of hours tuning and developing the sound of the vehicle and really think we have something that sounds right for the bakkie,” said Justin Capicchiano, Ford Performance and special vehicle engineering manager.The system can be controlled by the driver based on their preference using the ‘Exhaust Mode ’ button, or automatically according to the drive m ode they’ve selected : Quiet, Normal, Sport or Baja i .Keep it quietOne of the key features customers love most about performance vehicles like next-gen Ranger Raptor is their powerful exhaust note. And while that exhilarating sound is appropriate on the motorway or out in remote areas, in your neighborhood – especially early in the morning or late at night – not so much.By selecting Quiet mode, owners can keep the exhaust sound to a minimum. Even better, next-gen Ranger Raptor allows the scheduling of “q uiet start ”, which allows owners to set Ranger Raptor to always start in Quiet mode, or set a quiet time (with start and end times) to help owners stay on the good side of their neighbours.Manual controlTo change the exhaust sound all you have to do is press the button on the steering wheel that looks like an exhaust pipe. The first press displays a pop-up message on the digital instrumentcluster of the selected mode, while pressing the button again allows you to change the selected exhaust mode.Modes:•Quiet – Quietest setting for all driving conditions.•Normal –Default setting provides a balance of comfort and feedback. Applied by default to Normal, Slippery, Mud/Ruts and Rock Crawl drive modes.•Sport – Slightly louder than normal for spirited driving.•Baja i– Loudest setting for off-road use only. Maximum exhaust noise under all driving conditions.“There’s a lot involved in the science of sound, and we wanted Ranger Raptor to sound the way it looks and drives. The team had to consider and model everything from the whistle produced by the turbochargers to filtering out prolonged tones when driving at a constant speed,” said Capicchiano.“From computer modelling to physical prototypes, the intention was to create a distinctive and emotionally exciting engine note that will have the hair standing up on the arms of those who hear it. We want you to know it’s a Ranger Raptor driving down the road before you see it.”For fans of the Ranger Raptor who want to enjoy the distinctive Baja exhaust note, a ringtone has been created. It can be downloaded from the Ford South Africa website at https://www.ford.co.za/.Notesi Baja mode is intended for off-road use only.# # #About Ford Motor CompanyFord Motor Company (NYSE: F) is a global company based in Dearborn, Michigan, that is committed to helping build a better world, where every person is free to move and pursue their dreams. The company’s Ford+ plan for growth and value creation combines existing strengths, new capabilities and always-on relationships with customers to enrich experiences for and deepen the loyalty of those customers. Ford develops and delivers innovative, must-have Ford trucks, sport utility vehicles, commercial vans and cars and Lincoln luxury vehicles, as well as connected services. Additionally, Ford is establishing leadership positions in mobility solutions, including self-driving technology, and provides financial services through Ford Motor Credit Company. Ford employs about 182,000 people worldwide. More information about the company, its products and Ford Credit is available at or www.quickpic.co.za - follow us at /FordSouthAfrica , /FordSouthAfrica , /FordSouthAfrica or/FordSouthAfricaContact: Felix SebataFord South Africa+27 12 842 2534****************。

APPLICATION: Combines: 6600 Thru ESN 156942; Cotton Pickers: 499, 699 Thru ESN156942;Power Units: HC329D, NB329D Thru 156942;QTY ITEM # DESCRIPTION LETTERED ITEMSINCLUDED IN KIT1 954248 In-Frame Kit I1 955248 Out-of-Frame Kit O1 956248 Major Kit M6 151624 Sleeve & Piston Assembly M O I6 151625 Piston Assembly6 151421 Liner Assembly (1)6 151185 Liner O-Ring Package6 151477 Block Repair Sleeve, Lower Liner Pilot Bore (No Grooves)6 151626 Piston Ring Set (1-1/8K 1-3/32 1-5MM)6 151418 Piston Ring Set w/Piston # T26145, T30355 (2-3/32 1-5MM)6 251111 STD Rod Bearing M O I6 251112 .010 Rod Bearing6 251113 .020 Rod Bearing6 251114 .030 Rod Bearing1 251271 STD Main Bearing Set M O I1 251272 .010 Main Bearing Set1 251273 .020 Main Bearing Set1 251274 .030 Main Bearing Set1 351184 Head Gasket Set I1 351336 Head Gasket1 351332 Valve Cover Gasket (Cork) (2)1 351156 Valve Cover Gasket (SEMR) (2)12 351161 Valve Seal (O-Ring)6 351657 Exhaust Manifold Gasket1 351678 Full Gasket Set w/Lip Seals1 351679 Overhaul Gasket Set wo/Seals M O1 351176 Crankcase Gasket Set wo/Seals1 351267 Lower Gasket Set w/Lip Seals1 351672 Block Gasket Set1 351661 Timing Cover Gasket1 351155 Pan Gasket1 351667 Pan Gasket Set (1-Gasket, 2-O-Rings, 1-D-Ring) I1 1 1 1 351128 351154 351228 351129 Front Crank Seal Front Crank Spacer Assembly Front Crank Seal Kit (Includes Repair Sleeve) Rear Crank Seal Kit (Lip Type) M M OO6 251421 Pin Bushing (Boreable) M6 251422 Pin Bushing (Honeable)12 751168 Rod Bolt: Rods Marked T20007 (2.125" Length) M O I12 751128 Rod Bolt: Rods Marked R81410 (2.375" Length)1 751334 Head Bolt Kit w/Washers (3-4.75" 23-4.00")Power Units: HC329D, NB329D Thru 156942;QTY ITEM # DESCRIPTION LETTERED ITEMSINCLUDED IN KIT1959526Camshaft KitC1959318Basic Valve Kit B 1959118Valve Train Kit V1 1551559551112Camshaft "Use w/Screw-In Tach Drive (3)"Cam Thrust PlateC12 551113Tappet C6 6451221451222STD Exhaust Valve (4)STD Intake Valve (5)VVBB12 12 12 12 24 401149451115451187451198451164Ex/In Service Repair Valve Guide (.564 OD / 2.750" OAL) (6)Valve SpringRotator "Will Replace 451411 Spring Retainer"Valve Wear CapKeeper (Half)VVVBB6 6 6451519401186401168Exhaust Seat, OEM Seat (1.412 x 1.638 x .218)Exhaust Seat, STD Cutter (1.375 x 1.687 x .219)Intake Seat, STD Cutter (1.625 x 1.875 x .219)12 1 2451124451243451165Rocker ArmRocker Arm ShaftRocker Arm Shaft Plug (.464") "Early .500" Plug - 451521"1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12 551137551138551166551142551141551143551145551342Cam Gear (48 Teeth)Crank Gear (24 Teeth)Upper Idler Gear (55 Teeth)Upper Idler Gear Bushing (.840" Wide)Lower Idler Gear (45 Teeth)Lower Idler Gear Bushing (.750" Wide)Oil Pump Drive GearPush Rod1 1 1 1 1 1651128651129651131651132651144651142New Oil Pump "May Need 651132 Tube & 651144 Inlet"Oil Pump Kit, w/Original Pump (1.417" Gears)Oil Pump Kit, Replacement Pump (1.625" Gears)Oil Pump Outlet Tube (2 Bends) "Use w/Repl Pump"Oil Pump Inlet Screen (Late 2 Bolt Mtg Flange)Oil Pressure Regulator Valve Kit1 6 1 1 1 1 1751114751328851188851194851323851196851321CrankshaftConnecting RodFuel PumpThermostat (195 Degree) (7)Water Pump: 499, 699 Cotton PickersWater Pump Kit: 499, 699 Cotton PickersWater Pump Kit: 6600 Combines(4)Oversizes: .003 - 451513 / .015 - 451514 / .030 - 451515 (5)Oversizes: .003 - 451516 / .015 - 451517 / .030 - 451518。

探险者的新探险新福特探险者除了在中国市场全面推进SUV 战略，引入更多的SUV 车型外，对市场上现有的SUV 产品进行更新换代，或是进行更有针对性的技术升级，以实现在所有细分市场都保持强大竞争力，也是福特未来几年会陆续开展的工作。

继换代产品锐界之后，又一款当家主力车型探险者也迎来了一次重要的中期改款。

撰文＝小米 摄影＝FORD 设计＝下午上市时间 2015年10月21日价格 44.98万～63.98万元强项 发动机技术先进，整车智能配备丰富。

弱项 操控性一般。

新福特探险者35封面故事COVER STORY美国是个富有冒险精神的国度，美国人设计和生产的SUV产品在越野性能上从来不会让人失望。

美国汽车的杰出代表福特更是有着深厚的SUV底蕴，无论是在美国本土热销的大尺寸SUV 和皮卡系列，还是在中国市场销售的各级别SUV产品，都赢得了消费者的广泛认可。

在这些特点鲜明的产品中，有一款名为“Explorer”的产品颇为引人瞩目，它中文直译为“探险者”，与SUV早期的设计初衷完美契合。

作为一款意在征服更广阔天地的座驾，真的没有比“探险者”这个名字更让人心潮澎湃的了。

探险者自然没有辜负福特的期望，在所有SUV产品中，卖得最好且最受全世界消费者追捧的，正是这款车型。

2011年，全新一代探险者问世，并于两年后正式引入中国市场，中国消费者对该车的认知和了解普遍也是来自这一代车型。

此次在美国新墨西哥州试驾的新探险者，是这代车型的中期改款，除了外观更加精致大气外，搭载的全新动力系统也是这款车值得关注的地方。

前脸的变化让人触目惊心既然为中期改款车型，造型自然不会是大动的地方，实际情况当然也是如此。

不过因为在某些重要部位进行了比较大的调整，你仍然会觉得新探险者似乎整个车都做了一次不小的手术。

就比如它变化最大的前脸。

老款车型的格栅会给人一种透着温文尔雅的简洁感，也有人会觉得它的科技味道浓郁，不过新款车型推出后，原有的那些感觉都已经荡然无存。

50款史上最牛跑车第50位：阿斯顿马丁Vantage V12AstonMartinV12VantageRoadster搭载6.0升V12自然进气引擎，最大马力517hp/6500rpm，最大扭力58.1/5750rpm，预计0～100km/约在4.4秒左右。

从间谍照上可以看出这款敞篷车将会有自排变速箱可选（6速Touchtronic）。

AstonMartinV12VantageRoadster的敞篷车顶在50km/h以内都可进行开关动作，而单向操作时间仅需18秒。

第49位：BOLWELL NagariNagari搭载着源自丰田的3.5升V6发动机引擎，经过重新调校，最大马力将可达299hp/6200rpm，峰值扭力则为35.2kgm/4700rpm，配上仅有九百二千克的车重，重量马力比十分优异。

而有此强力心脏后，BOLWELL也针对其车身外观加以努力，低矮流线的车头，车侧的大型侧气坝，车尾近似丰田前的尾灯安排，都清楚诉说着Nagari具备的性能身分。

第48位：保时捷911 GT3在911车系中，GT3代表的是纯粹的驾驭乐趣和不妥协的动力，在工程师定义中，GT3不只是一辆代步工具，还是一辆纵横赛车场的工厂赛车。

该车搭载一3.6升水平对卧自然进气引擎，最大马力输出415bhp，算算每公升排气量可压榨115.3bhp，数字相当耀眼。

这套近乎完美的动力单元，就是赋予911成为道路版赛车的秘器。

第47位：法拉利612 Scaglietti612Scaglietti由排量为5,748cc的65°V12引擎提供动力。

当速度为7,250rpm时，它可以发挥出540hp的功率，比安装在456M上的5,474cc引擎功率高了整整98hp。

为了优化引擎性能以及流体力学性能，进行了各种改进，使得它的性能比其初次用在575MMaranello时要更为优秀。

第46位：Skelta G-Force来自于澳大利亚的超级跑车SkeltaG-Force，拥有320匹马力，采用本田F20C2.0升增压发动机，0到100公里加速为4.1秒，车身重650公斤。