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新课标高考英语语法专题解说第五讲：非谓语动词非谓语动词就是不可以作谓语的动词。
包含：不定式、动名词、此刻分词、过去分词。
不定式的组成不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形组成，在某些状况下般有时态和语态的变化，往常有下表中的几种形式（以do 为例）：to也可省略。
不定式一主动式被动式一般式todotobedone达成式tohavedone tohavebeendone进行式tobedoing/达成进行式tohavebeendoing/一、动词不定式动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，它具闻名词、形容词和副词的特色。
在句子中不可以作谓语，但能够担当主语、表语、宾语、状语和宾语补足语。
动词不定式仍保存动词的一些特色。
（一）动词不定式的特色及用法1.动词不定式的用法动词不定式具闻名词、形容词和副词的特色，在句子中能够作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。
1）不定式作主语：Tomasteraforeignlanguageisnotaneasything.掌握一门外语不是一件简单的事。
在好多状况下，人们往常用it作为形式上的主语，而把不定式短语移到谓语以后，使句子显得安稳一些，如：It’sgoodmannerstowaitinline.排队等候是很有礼貌的。
Itmadeusveryangrytohearhimspeaktohismotherlikethat.不定式作表语：不定式作宾语：Hewantedtoknowthetruth.学生翻译：我不知道怎样翻译这个句子________________________________ HepretendedtohavereadthebookwhenIaskedhimaboutit.此外，不定式在某些复合宾语中作宾语时，人们常常用it如：代表不定式，而将真切宾语放在补足语以后。
Doyouthinkitbettertotranslateitinthisway?你以为这样翻译能否是更好？Ifeelitagreathonortobeinvitedtospeakatthemeetingbeforesomanystudents.我感觉被邀请在会上边对这么多学生发言是一件很荣耀的事情。
2019年职称英语综合类c级常用语法详解：第五讲第五讲动词非谓语形式一. 基本概念：顾名思义，不担任谓语成分而担任其他语法功能的动词称为非谓语动词，有to do(动词不定式) / -ing (现在分词 / 动名词) / -ed (过去分词) 三个形式。
因为他们不受主语人称和数的限制，故也称为"非限定动词".(学习中不要刻意去区分现在分词和动名词)二. 非谓语动词的时态和语态意义：英语中动词有两大基本特征：时态和语态的变化。
非谓语动词也是动词，当然也具备动词的这两大特征。
1. 时态概念：非谓语动词只有"过去、现在和将来"三个时间概念，他与谓语动词时态的区别是：谓语动词表示的是实际时间概念，如I am learning English.是指讲话的时候或那段时间里"我正在学英语".而非谓语动词的"过去、现在和将来"是指相对于谓语动词来说的"过去、现在和将来"，即先于谓语动词的行为或状态称为"过去时"，与谓语动词的行为或状态发生在同一时间(段)的称为"现在时"，而发生在谓语动词的行为或状态之后的称为"将来时".这个时间概念对于后面要讲的非谓语动词的句法功能是非常重要的。
2. 语态概念：与谓语动词一样，非谓语动词也有主动语态和被动语态之分。
将非谓语动词的上述时态和语态概念用表格归纳如下：to do-ing-ed主动被动主动被动被动将来时to doto be done现在时doing （sth.）being done过去时to have doneto have been done-ed也就是要记住四句话：(1) 表示将来时;(2) 表示现在时;(3) 表示过去时(一定是被动的)(4) 动词不定式的完成时表示过去时非谓语动词的上述时态和语态概念是理解非谓语动词句法功能、应试判题和翻译的基础。
2021版高考英语一轮复习第二部分重点语法突破专题一有提示词填空第五讲非谓语动词即时演练新人教版20210513121建议用时：20分钟Part Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．[2020·江苏新丰中学期末]Not far from the club, there is a garden, its owner ________ (seat) in it ________ (play) bridge with his children every afternoon.答案：seated; playing 第一空为独立主格结构，所给动词seat应用其形容词化的过去分词表示状态，意为“就坐的，坐下来的”；第二空为非谓语动词作相伴状语，play与其逻辑主语its owner之间为主动关系，故填playing。
2．[2021·四川雅安月考]Neighbors devoted their spare time to ________ (help) others rebuild homes.答案：helping devote ... to ... 中to为介词，故后面跟v.ing形式。
句意：邻居们把自己的空余时刻用于关心他人重建家园。
3．[2021·江苏如东中学期中]It happens that I'm quite familiar with the professor ________ (invite) to give us a speech on environmental protection next Monday.答案：to be invited invite与professor之间为被动关系，且依照next Monday可知，该动作发生在今后，故填to be invited。
4．[2021·江苏盐城期中]Difficult as part of the passage was ________ (understand), I managed to catch hold of its meaning in the end.答案：to understand 此处为“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”结构应用于as引导的让步状语从句的倒装句中，形容词提早，其正常语序为：As part of the passage was difficult to understand, ...，故填to understand。
第五讲 非谓语动词,[学生用书P 271])一、非谓语动词作定语①(2014·高考江西卷)Dad was asleep next to her, resting his head on his arms. 爸爸把他的头靠在他的胳膊上，靠着她睡觉。
②In some languages ，100 words make up half of all words used in daily conversations.在一些语言中，100个单词占了日常对话所使用的所有单词的一半。
③(2013·高考四川卷)The airport to be completed next year will help promote tourism in this area.明年即将竣工的机场将有助于促进这个地区旅游业的发展。
温馨提醒 表示心理状态的动词-ing 形式，意为“令人……的”；动词-ed 形式，意为“(人)感到……的”，也可修饰体现内心感受的look，expression ，tears ，smile ，voice 等名词。
二、非谓语动词作状语①Bill suggested holding a meeting on what to do for the Expo during the vacation.比尔建议开一个关于假期期间为世博会做些什么的会议。
②I still remember being taken to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.我仍记得别人带我去过法门寺，并记得在那里所看到的一切。
③I remembered to lock the door before I left the office，but forgot to turn off the lights.在离开办公室前我记住了关门，但是忘记了关灯。
四、非谓语动词作宾语补足语五、非谓语动词作主语、表语六、非谓语动词的时态和语态①Having been asked to work overtime that evening ，I missed a wonderful film. 我那天晚上因为被要求加班而错过了一场精彩的电影。
②His first book to be published in 2016 is based on a true story.2016年即将出版的他的第一本书是基于一个真实的故事写的。
,[学生用书P 268])Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空 1．(2014·高考北京卷)The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore ，he can go shopping without ____________(recognize)．答案：being recognized 2．(2015·高考陕西卷)It’s quite hot today.Do you feel like ____________(go) for a swim? 答案：going 3．(2014·高考江西卷)He is thought ____________(act) foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.答案：to have acted 4．(2014·高考四川卷)— I hope to take the computer course.— Good idea.____________( find out) more about it ，visit this website. 答案：To find out5．(2014·高考大纲全国卷)Today there are more airplanes ____________(carry) more people than ever before in the skies.答案：carrying6．(2014·高考福建卷)For those with family members far away，the personal computer and the phone are important in staying ____________(connect)．答案：connected7．(2014·高考山东卷)There is a note pinned to the door ____________(say) when the shop will open again.答案：saying8．(2014·高考江苏卷)The lecture ____________(give)，a lively question-and-answer session followed.答案：having been given9．(2014·高考浙江卷)Annie Salmon，disabled，is attended throughout her school days by a nurse ____________(appoint) to guard her.答案：appointed10．(2014·高考江西卷)When it comes to __________(speak) in public，no one can match him.答案：speaking11．____________(work out) the complicated program，I have to stay up late on holidays.答案：To work out12．____________(spend)two and a half years in China over several visits，I don’t remember ever going through a phase we in the US call “cultural shock”．答案：Having spent13．US house prices have risen by 12.4% over the 12 months to the end of July，completely ____________(ruin) his plan to buy another apartment.答案：ruining14．My daughter stopped screaming immediately and looked up at me with tears ____________(roll) down her cheeks.答案：rolling15．Chinese citizens，____________(allow) to enter Maldives visa-free last year，have already included the country into their list of the most popular tourist destinations.答案：having been allowed16．—Mum，is the pair of gloves ____________(wash)mine?—Yes.You have to wear another pair.答案：being washed17．—How did you get in touch with Mrs.Green?—Well，it seems to me that you’ve forgotten ____________(tell)me her telephone number the other day.答案：telling18．—Can those ____________(seat) at the back of the classroom hear me?—No problem，sir!答案：seated19．—How did you know the surprising news?—I happened ____________(cover) the event then.答案：to be covering20．Robert is said ____________(study)abroad，but I don’t know which country he studied in. 答案：to have been studyingⅡ.单句改错1．Having shown the library，we were taken to see the schoolrun factory.________________________________________________________________________答案：Having shown—Having been shown2．The frightening girl sat in the corner，crying.________________________________________________________________________答案：frightening—frightened3．It was clear that she longed seeing her mother.________________________________________________________________________答案：seeing—to see4．Mr.Black gave up to teach only a few weeks ago.________________________________________________________________________答案：to teach—teaching5．The foreigner tried his best，but he still couldn’t make his point understand.________________________________________________________________________答案：understand—understood6．The pupils are made recite the texts every day.________________________________________________________________________答案：recite—to recite7．The doctor made me to stay at home for weeks.________________________________________________________________________答案：to stay—stay8．There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldn’t make himself hear.________________________________________________________________________答案：hear—heard9．Crusoe made some candles give light.________________________________________________________________________答案：give—to give10．The cleaning is to finish by midday.________________________________________________________________________答案：to finish—to be finished11．My rats are too clever to catch in traps.________________________________________________________________________答案：to catch—to be caught12．I am such a fool as thinking that she is a warmhearted woman.________________________________________________________________________答案：thinking—to think13．We are looking forward to have another chance to try it again.________________________________________________________________________答案：have—having14．Almost everyone fails passing his driver’s test on the first try.________________________________________________________________________ 答案：passing—to pass15．The novel is not worthy of translating.________________________________________________________________________ 答案：translating—being translated16．It is worthwhile to be discussed the question.________________________________________________________________________ 答案：to be discussed—discussing17．There seemed to be nothing left to do but to send for the doctor.________________________________________________________________________ 答案：to send—send18．Hunted everywhere，the wolves had nowhere hiding themselves.________________________________________________________________________ 答案：hiding—to hide19．Why do you keep looking back? Are you afraid of following?________________________________________________________________________ 答案：following—being followed20．I’m very sorry for being late.It was good of you waiting for me.________________________________________________________________________ 答案：waiting—to waitⅢ.语篇填空用适当的词或用所给动词的适当形式填空。
