七选五
My, what a big beak you have!
For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help to make the effects of a warmer world less harmful. ____1____ In a paper published in Trends & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a PhD candidate at Deakin University, shows that is already happening. Climate change is already altering the bodies of many animal species, giving them bigger beaks (喙), legs and ears.
In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. Another study, this time in North American dark-eyed juncos, another bird, found the same pattern. ____2____
All that is perfectly consistent with evolutionary theory. “Allen’s rule”, named for Joel Asaph Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger body parts than those in temperate (温带的) regions. ____3____ Being richly filled with blood vessels, and not covered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place for birds to get rid of heat. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara Desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.
Ms. Ryding is not the first researcher to take that approach. But it is hard, when dealing with individual species, to prove that climate change was the cause of an anatomical (解剖学的) changes. All sorts of other factors, from changes in prey to the evolving reproductive preferences of males or females, might have been driving the changes. ____4____ The team combined data from different species in different places. Since they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation.
____5____ That may change as warming accelerates. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs (妥协), it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might make feeding harder, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow. A．However, looking at the bigger picture makes the pattern clearer.
B．For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%.
C．Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviors.
D．It seems that the future world is going to be hotter than humans are used to. E．Therefore, the negative effects of a warmer world are visible in these animals’ bodies. F．Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body, helping it to release extra heat.
G．Similar trends are seen in mammals, with species of mice and bats evolving bigger ears, legs and wings.
In recent years the term “social distancing" has been at the center of public conversation. But it’s not “social” distance but physical separation that we are trying to promote. Preserving social ties — even at a distance — is essential for both mental and physical health.
____6____ Modern technology has provided us with many tools. Not all tools promote social connection equally, however. And often such seemingly small choices can make a big difference between strengthening stronger social connections and giving in to growing social distance.
____7____ When people overestimate the costs or underestimate the benefits of voice-based communication, it can create a misplaced bias (偏见) for text-based media. In one experiment, we tested whether the media through which people interact affect their sense of connection-and how expectations about certain technologies impact the communication media they choose to use. Although voice-based interactions (such as phone calls) can produce stronger connections, text-based media (such as e-mails) are often preferred.
We asked participants to connect with someone that they hadn’t interacted with recently, either through e-mail or over the phone. ____8____ They generally assumed that they’d feel more connected when interacting over the phone than over e-mail. But they also predicted that talking on the phone could be more uncomfortable than dashing off an e-mail. Although these participants believed that talking encouraged stronger bonds, most of them said they’d rather send an e-mail than call the person up. Fears about awkwardness push individuals toward text-based methods for communicating.
____9____Then we followed up with them after they had done so. As expected, we found that people did form meaningfully stronger bonds when interacting over the phone than over
e-mail. More importantly, though, there was no difference in the amount of discomfort when reconnecting on the phone. The human voice appears to provide benefits for connection.
Our work suggests that feelings of social connection are apparently facilitated by one’s voice
rather than their keyboard.
____10____
A．So the next time you think about how best to connect, consider calling.
B．We again had participants actually connect using either e-mail or phone.
C．Participants first predicted what it would be like to get in touch in these two ways. D．When they interact on the phone, they find they are more connected than in real life. E．Those modes of communication are perfect choices at the time of physical distancing. F．Then how might we best stay connected to others while maintaining physical distance? G．Decisions on how to connect tend to be based on expectations of potential pros and cons of the interaction.
We all want to make a great first impression, whether it’s meeting our new colleagues for the first time or getting to know people at a social event. ____11____
First days can be stressful: Not only are you learning the ins and outs of your job role, but you are also learning the ropes about office culture, coworker personalities, and team interactions. ____12____ Whether it comes naturally or not, try to show friendliness and openness to everyone with whom you cross paths. Make an effort to introduce yourself to those around you, especially those you will be working closely with on a daily basis. Be kind to those around you, and show a real interest in learning about your new work environment. ____13____
____14____ What does that mean? Do not be scared by people who have worked at your company longer—go ahead and volunteer for projects and do your best to show your boss and team members that you are not only responsible, but eager to show what you can do. If there are any after-work events, be sure to attend.
Some people work in a casual office atmosphere, where rules are a bit laid back. But even if you suspect this might be the case for your new workplace, the first day on the job is not the time to fully embrace the slack(懈怠). ____15____ That means keeping your cellphone on vibrate or silent and putting it away for the day. Avoid all personal calls and emails during work hours.And do not surf the internet for non-work-related tasks, even if you notice others doing so.
As the newbie in the office, it’s ultimately your responsibility to learn the ropes about what’s expected in terms of dress, office culture, etc. But on your very first day, do everything you can to show your boss and colleagues you are a valuable part of the team.
A．It is a lot to take in, but now is not the time to be shy.
B．Initiative is the most important thing for a new employee to get started.
C．Whether it’s fair or not, people make assumptions based on physical presentation.
D．You are being held to a higher standard than those who have been at the company longer. E．The very first day of your very first professional job, however, may just be the defining moment.
F．Instead, keep it extremely professional until you have gotten a chance to witness the culture firsthand.
G．People will pick up on your genuineness, which will go a long way toward making a great first impression.
Memorizing a speech in one night is not an easy task, but it’s possible. There are hundreds of different memorization techniques out there. ____16____
Write out the entire speech. Simply take a piece of paper and a pen and write out the entire speech. ____17____ Many people memorize information better when they are actively recording it. Copying the speech on another piece of paper can help to commit that information to memory.
____18____ Much like writing the speech out on paper, typing the speech can also help commit the information to memory through visual learning. Since typing is generally faster than handwriting, you may have more time to type the speech several times in one night. There is no need to print the typed speech each time that you type it. However, you may be more likely to remember things that are handwritten rather than typed.
Rehearse your speech for a friend.____19____ It is important to practice the speech in front of someone to ensure that you really know the information. Request that your friend give you some tips. They may be able to tell you if you are not speaking loud enough or if you are talking too quickly.
Record yourself rehearsing the speech. If you don’t have anyone to practice with, try recording yourself while you rehearse your speech. Video recording is the best because you will be able to watch the recording and critique your speech and body language.____20____ Avoid trying to memorize the speech word for word. Normally, it is not necessary to recite a speech word for word. It is more important to remember all of the topics that you need to cover
during the speech. Spend time memorizing the bullet points, important facts and statistics, and the layout of your speech in order to guarantee that you cover all of the information that needs to be covered.
A．Type up the speech.
B．Make a list of things that scare you about the speech.
C．If the speech is relatively short, consider writing it out multiple times.
D．However, the best method is the basic, tried-and-true strategy of repetition and practice.
E．It is important to remember to take care of your body even when you are cramming for a presentation.
F．You can also listen to the recording while you are doing other things to help remember the information.
G．Sometimes you may think that you know your speech well, but you freeze up when you perform it in front of people.
What exactly is a lie? Is it anything we say which we know is untrue? ____21____ For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you. You say, “I wish I could help you but I’m short of money myself.” In fact, you are not short of money but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debts and you don’t want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this. Is this really a lie?
Professor Jerald Jellison of the University of Southern California has made a scientific study of lying. According to him, women are better liars than men, particularly when telling a “white lie”, such as when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it looks terrible. ____22____ Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell serious lies, such as making a promise which they have no intention of carrying out. This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at: the lie from which the liar hopes to profit or gain in some day.
____23____ It has been found that if they are sitting down at the time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer they are saying “I wish I were somewhere else now.” They also tend to touch certain parts of the face more often, in particular the nose. One explanation of this may be that lying causes a slight increase in blood pressure.
____24____
Another gesture which gives liars away is what the writer Desmond Morris in his book Man Watching calls “the mouth cover”. He says there are several typical forms, such as covering part of the mouth with fingers, touching the upper-lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side of the mouth. ____25____ Of course, such gestures as rubbing the nose or covering the mouth, or moving about in a chair cannot be taken as proof that the speaker is lying. They simply tend to occur more frequently in this situation. It is not one gesture alone that gives the liar away but a whole number of things, and in particular the context in which the lie is told.
A．However, this is only one side of the story.
B．Or is it something worse than what it really is?
C．A “white lie” appears to be a lie that the teller tells to profit or gain some advantage from it. D．The tip of the nose is very sensitive to such changes and the increased pressure makes it itch (痒).
E．Why people sometimes cover their mouths while lying is that they wish those words had not come out of their mouths.
F．Such a gesture can be understood as an unconscious attempt on the part of the liar to stop himself or herself from lying.
G．Research has also studied the way people’s behavior changes in a number of small, apparently unimportant ways when they lie.
“Regards”. “Best wishes”. “Take care”. The words at the end of an email may seem unnecessary. ____26____ Even the most common “Sent from my iPhone” can tell that the sender has taken the time to reply although clearly not at their desk. Sign-off may just be a word or a short phrase, followed by your signature, and yet finding the right tone to close your email often requires a surprising amount of thought and skill.
When you’re struggling with how to end an email, it’s best to consider the context (语境).
____27____ Here are three of the most common email settings and the tried-and-true sign-offs that work best for each.
Best wishes. ____28____ However, be aware of its greeting card vibe (氛围) and use it only when it fits well with the tone of your email.
Cheers. A recent study by the email app Boomerang rated cheers as the most likely sign-off to get an email response. ____29____ Cheers works well if your email is friendly and
conversational but, unless you’re actually British or Australian, it may come off as affected in more formal settings.
Best. Best conveys best wishes in a cheerful, short and informal way. If you get a lot of emails, you know that nearly everyone uses this sign-off. ____30____
Anyway, the appropriate sign-off depends on your position and your relation to the person who receives your email and the nature of exchange. Next time, take these factors into consideration and try the above sign-offs.
A．However, the sign-off matters.
B．Surprisingly, that isn’t a thank-you as most people assume.
C．Being both friendly and formal makes this sign-off a safe bet.
D．Actually, it’s the most important factor in choosing right words.
E．What works for a close colleague won’t work with a distant acquaintance.
F．You should always bear in mind that not all sign-offs convey certain messages.
G．The disadvantage is that it can be dull if you want your message to be attention-getting.
People often discuss the dangers of too much stress, but lately a very different view of stress is gaining popularity. ____31____ The positive stress movement is made up of people such as Zachary Rapp who are looking for an edge in a competitive world. He wakes up at dawn, goes for a run, sips black coffee while ripping through emails, and then steps into a freezing cold shower. This is a routine designed to reduce the stress of running three different companies for 18 hours a day.
Although Rapp’s practices may sound extreme, he is one of a group of followers of a growing movement. ____32____ Inspired by influential figures in different fields, including entertainers, athletes, entrepreneurs and scientists, positive stress practitioners seek out some combination of extreme temperatures, restrictive diets, punishing exercise routines and general discomfort.
Rapp argues that positive stress keeps him balanced. In addition to running and freezing showers, Rapp uses ice baths, hot yoga, and unconventional eating practices such as eliminating dairy, sugar, and various other foods high in carbohydrates. He believes that these practices, which put stress on his body, actually make him feel less stress from work. ____33____ It was he himself that started using these methods in college, where he got into the habit of taking ice baths
to recover from sports. He got back into it while trying to get his three companies off the ground.
Rapp works long hours and sleeps only five to seven hours a night but he said he only gets sick once a year. ____34____
One thought leader in the positive stress world is Dutch extreme athlete Wim Hof, who earned the name “ice man” for his ability to withstand severe cold using deep breathing exercises. Hof’s ideas have become popular among tech industry elites and, thanks to Hof, cold showers are now a trend. Indeed, some even call it a form of therapy.
____35____ Some medical professionals argue that positive stress is not for everyone, and that it might even be dangerous for people who are unhealthy or older.
A．Rapp’s routine is a good example of followers of the movement.
B．This view of stress argues that stress might actually be beneficial.
C．However, Rapp does not credit anyone in particular for his choices.
D．But he thinks too much stress is harming his physical and mental health.
E．But it is important to note that not everyone agrees with these practitioners.
F．For him, positive stress involves pushing the body to extremes and forcing it to build up a tolerance.
G．It consists largely of tech industry workers who claim that such radical tactics will help them live better and longer.
In a perfect world, people would not test medicines on animals. Such experiments are stressful and sometimes painful for animals, and expensive and time-consuming for people.
____36____ That is why there are some 50 to 100 million animals used in research around the world each year.
____37____ Even so, its scientists use some 12 million animals a year, most of them mice and rats, for medical research. Official statistics show that just 1.1 million animals are used in research in America each year. But that is misleading. The American government does not think mice and rats are worth counting and, as these are the most common laboratory animals, the true figure is much higher. ____38____
Now Europe is changing the rules governing animal experiments by limiting the number of animals used in labs. ____39____ In addition, sharing all research results freely should help to reduce the number of animals for scientific use. At present, scientists often share only the results
of successful experiments. If their findings do not fit the hypothesis (假说) being tested, the work never sees the light of day. This practice means wasting time, money, and animals’ lives in endlessly repeating the failed experiments.
Animal experimentation has taught humans a great deal and saved countless lives.
____40____ Europe’s new measures should eventually both reduce the number of animals used in experiments and improve the way in which scientific research is done.
A．They should be stopped.
B．Lab animals are mainly used in developed countries.
C．Japan has even less comprehensive data than America.
D．It needs to continue, even if that means animals sometimes suffer.
E．Europe, on the whole, has the world’s most restrictive laws on animal experiments.
F．Yet animal experimentation is still needed to help bridge wide gaps in medical knowledge. G．Alternatives to animal testing, like using human tissue, are now strongly recommended.
Technology is an amenity (舒适，便利) of modern life nowadays. However, hackers (黑客) are standing beside you! They manage to hack users’ account and steal sensitive data. Here are 4 top golden rules on how to be safe online.
____41____.
The research conducted in 2019 by The Harris Poll showed that 21% of respondents don’t update regularly the apps they use. ____42____. It is explained by the fact that new viruses appear every day. And the updates are meant to prevent them.
Use unique passwords for your accounts.
Unfortunately, 65% of people tend to use one password for several accounts, which increases security and privacy risk. It’s as dangerous as if one would use one key for a flat, car, office and strongbox. ____43____. To escape such threats, it’s strongly encouraged that you create passwords that would be difficult to guess.
____44____.
What if a man fails to access account or forgets the password? It won’t be a problem if he/she uses an additional account to renew the blocked one. Specify the backup address or phone number when registering.
Backup your data.
Sometimes it happens that accounts undergo hacking attacks despite the fact that all necessary precautions (预防措施) were taken. When this occurs, the safest way to get rid of the virus ware is to remove and reset the system. ____45____.
A．Upgrade software on an ongoing basis.
B．Create an account to renew access if necessary.
C．It is vital for you to upgrade your software in your daily using.
D．Once lost, this key might be used to get access to all your possessions.
E．Thus, the only way to get access to your data is to restore the backup.
F．However, the last software version is a must to be protected on the Internet.
G．They thought one password is always more convenient for them to use in their daily life.
Exploring Psychology
Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior. Gaining a richer and deeper understanding of psychology can help people achieve insights into their own actions as well as a better understanding of other people. ____46____
One important benefit from a psychology major is that it teaches the student about the human mind and why people act in various manners. Not all psychology majors will become psychologists. ____47____ All people must interact with others whether it is at home or at a workplace. People respond to these interactions in a wide number of ways. For instance, the person may not know why he or she is bothered by a specific action at work. However, the person who has studied psychology has an obvious advantage in this area.
Psychology also offers the individual insight into himself or herself. As the person learns about the human mind, how it works and why people behave in specific manners, the person may also begin to recognize both harmful and helpful thought patterns in himself or herself.
This may lead the person to an increased level of self-awareness. ____48____ It also shows the person where he or she possesses strength and crucial skills for the modern world. Individuals who are more self-aware are more likely to accomplish their goals and dreams.
____49____ A person may enter a vast field where psychologists and those trained in psychology work. These areas include industrial psychology, school psychology, private practice, organizational behavioral fields, law enforcement and virtually every other field.
____50____ As stated, there are a number of career opportunities from which a psychology
major may choose.
A．Self-awareness is a vital skill for any person to have.
B．It shows the individual what areas the person needs to strengthen.
C．As a result, psychology becomes an incredibly popular college major.
D．A psychology major examines the science of human behavior and mental processes.
E．All fields have the opportunity to benefit from the guidance that psychology can offer. F．The third reason why psychology is a useful major is that it opens up a wide range of career opportunities.
G．However, all psychology majors will develop an increased awareness about human behavior and thought patterns.
参考答案：
1．C
2．G
3．F
4．A
5．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。讲述了地球变暖正在改变动物的外貌，如嘴巴变大。
1．
根据上文“For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help mitigate the effects of
a warm world. (对人类来说，适应气候变化将主要是技术问题。更多的空调、更好设计的房屋和更大的防洪系统可能有助于缓解全球变暖的影响)”可知，人类依靠的是科学技术来适应气候变化。选项C“动物将不得不依靠改变它们的身体或行为（去适应）。”承接上文，说明和人类不同，动物要适应气候变化就只能依靠它们的身体和行为。从而引出下文对于动物适应气候变化发生的变化的讲述，上下文通顺合理。故选C项。
2．
空处位于段末应承接上文。上文“In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. Another study, this time in North American
dark-eyed juncos, another bird, found the same pattern. (例如，在一些澳大利亚鹦鹉中，自1871年以来，喙的大小增加了4%到10%。另一项研究，这次是在另一种鸟类北美黑眼鹦鹉中，发现了同样的模式)”列举了一些动物因为天气变暖，喙变大的例子。由此推知，空处承接上文，继续举例。选项G“哺乳动物也有类似的趋势，老鼠、鼩鼱和蝙蝠进化出更大的耳朵、尾巴、腿和翅膀”符合语境，是动物应对天气变化外貌发生变化的例子。故选G项。
3．
根据上文“‘Allen’s rule’, named for Joel Asaph Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that
warm-blooded-animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages (附属物) than those in less hot regions. (“艾伦法则”是以Joel Asaph Allen的名字命名的，他在1877年提出了这一法则，认为在炎热地区的温血动物往往比在不那么炎热地区的动物有更大的附属物)”可知，炎热地区的温血动物往往长有更大的附属物，这是动物对气候的一种适应，选项F“这种适应性增加了动物相对于其身体体积的表面积，帮助它释放多余的热量。”解释了这种现象的产生原因。下文“Being richly filled with blood vessels, and not covered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place for birds to get rid of heat. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara Desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.( 喙拥有丰富的血管，没有绝缘羽毛覆盖，是鸟类散热的理想场所。又比如，与它们的北极近亲相比，原产于撒哈拉沙漠的芬内克狐狸有着惊人的大耳朵)”举例说明动物的这种适应性。上下文通顺合理。故选F项。
4．
根据下文“The team combined data from different species in different places. (她的团队综合了
来自不同地方不同物种的数据)”可知，团队综合了更多地方的数据，选项A“然而，从更大的角度来看，形式更清晰。”说明观察更多会更清楚地看到这种模式，符合语境，上下文通
顺合理。故选A项。
5．
根据下文“That may change as warming accelerates. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs (妥协), it is unclear how far the process might go. (随着气候变暖的加速，这种情况可能会改变。由于任何进化适应都会进行利弊权衡，因此尚不清楚这一过程会走多远)”
可知，未来这种情况的变化，that指代上文提到的情况，选项B“至少就目前而言，增幅很小，从未超过10%。”说明现在的变化情况，上下文合理通顺，下文预测这种情况的发展,，且下文中的“That may change”指代选项B中的增长。故选B项。
6．F
7．G
8．C
9．B
10．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了所谓社交距离应该是身体上保持距离，而不是没有社会联系。事实上，保持社会联系对身心都有益，文章认为电话联系要比发邮件更能促进关系。6．
根据下文“Modern technology has provided us with many tools.(现代技术为我们提供了许多工具。)”可知，下文介绍的是保持联系的方式。选项F“Then how might we best stay connected to others while maintaining physical distance? (那么我们如何才能在保持身体距离的同时最好地与他人保持联系呢?)”既和第一段的身体距离相呼应，又引出下文，符合文意。故选F。
7．
根据下文“When people overestimate the costs or underestimate the benefits of voice-based communication, it can create a misplaced bias (偏见) for text-based media.(当人们高估基于语音通信的成本或低估其好处时，就会对基于文本的媒体产生错位的偏见。)”可知，人们会评估联系方式的利弊。选项G“Decisions on how to connect tend to be based on expectations of potential pros and cons of the interaction.(关于如何联系的决定往往是基于对互动的潜在利弊的预期。)”符合下文文意。故选G。
8．
根据上文“We asked participants to connect with someone that they hadn’t interacted with recently, either through e-mail or over the phone.(我们要求参与者通过电子邮件或电话联系他们最近没
有联系过的人。)”可知，这一段提到了参与者。空后“They generally assumed that they’d feel more connected when interacting over the phone than over e-mail.(他们通常认为，通过电话交流比通过电子邮件交流更有联系感。)”可知，空处是问参与者对这两种交流方式的想法。选项C“Participants first predicted what it would be like to get in touch in these two ways.(参与者首先
预测了用这两种方式联系会是什么样子。)”指出了联系他人，承上启下。故选C。
9．
根据下文“Then we followed up with them after they had done so.(然后我们在他们这样做之后
跟进。)”可知，空处是让参与者做某件事。选项B“We again had participants actually connect using either e-mail or phone.(我们再次让参与者通过电子邮件或电话联系。)”符合下文的文意，同时和上文保持一致。故选B。
10．
空处为文章小结，说明文章主要内容。本文首先提出保持社会联系很重要，然后通过实验告诉读者，电话联系要比邮件联系有效得多。选项A“So the next time you think about how best to connect, consider calling.(所以，下次你考虑如何最好地联系时，考虑一下打电话。)”与本文
主要内容一致。故选A。
11．E
12．A
13．G
14．B
15．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是议论文。文章阐述了作为办公室的新人，第一天如何给新同事留下好的印象。同时表明在第一天上班的时候要尽量向你的老板和同事展示你是团队中有价值的一部分。
11．
文章最后一段最后一句“But on your very first day, do everything you can to show your boss and colleagues you are a valuable part of the team.(但是在你工作的第一天，尽你所能向你的老板和同事展示你是团队中有价值的一部分)”提到工作的第一天（on your very first day），说明文章
是在阐述第一天如何给新同事留下好印象。E选项“The very first day of your very first professional job, however, may just be the defining moment.(然而，你第一份专业工作的第一天可能就是决定性的时刻。)”中“The very first day of your very first professional job(你第一份专
业工作的第一天)”引出下文，符合文意。故选E。
12．
下文“Whether it comes naturally or not, try to show friendliness and openness to everyone with whom you cross paths.(不管这是否自然，试着对你遇到的每个人表现出友好和开放)”提到不
管是否自然，要表现出友好和开放。A选项“It is a lot to take in, but now is not the time to be shy.( 虽然有很多事情需要了解，但现在不是害羞的时候。)”中提到不要害羞，与下文呼应，同时“a lot”代指上文提到的“the ropes about office culture, coworker personalities, and team interactions.(办公室文化、同事个性和团队互动的诀窍)”。故选A。
13．
上文“Be kind to those around you, and show a real interest in learning about your new work environment.(善待你周围的人，并表现出真正的兴趣来了解你的新工作环境。)”提到要带着
真正的兴趣来学习和了解新的工作环境。G选项“People will pick up on your genuineness, which will go a long way toward making a great first impression.(人们会注意到你的真诚，这对留下良好的第一印象大有帮助。)”介绍了带着真正的兴趣来学习和了解新的工作环境的好处，即人们会注意到你的真诚，承接上文，符合文意。故选G。
14．
下文“Do not be scared by people who have worked at your company longer—go ahead and volunteer for projects and do your best to show your boss and team members that you are not only responsible, but eager to show what you can do.(不要被那些在你的公司工作了很久的人所吓倒，主动去做项目，尽你最大的努力向你的老板和团队成员展示你不仅负责，而且渴望展示你的能力。)”提到主动去做项目（go ahead and volunteer for projects）。B选项“Initiative is the most important thing for a new employee to get started.(主动性对一个新员工来说是最重要的)”中
“主动性（Initiative）”符合文意，引出下文。故选B。
15．
上午“Some people work in a casual office atmosphere, where rules are a bit laid back. But even if you suspect this might be the case for your new workplace, the first day on the job is not the time
to fully embrace the slack(懈怠).(有些人在一种休闲的办公室气氛中工作，那里的一些工作规
则有些松散。但是，即使你怀疑你的新工作场所可能会出现这种情况，第一天上班也不是完全接受这种懈怠的时候)”指出第一天上班不要懈怠，空处应该承接上文，具体指出这么做的原因，即因为你是新人，在刚开始上班时，别人对你的要求更高，D项“You are being held to a higher standard than those who have been at the company longer.(与那些在公司工作时间更长的人相比，别人对你的要求更高。)”符合，承上启下，下文“That means keeping your cellphone on vibrate or silent and putting it away for the day. Avoid all personal calls and emails during work hours.(这意味着把你的手机调成震动或静音，然后把它放在一边。在工作时间避免所有私人电话和电子邮件。)”具体解释了别人对你的要求更高，你应该如何做。故选D。
16．D
17．C
18．A
19．G
20．F
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在一夜之间记住一篇演讲。
16．
根据上文“Memorizing a speech in one night is not an easy task, but it’s possible. There are hundreds of different memorization techniques out there.(在一个晚上记住一篇演讲不是一件容易的事情，但这是可能的。有数百种不同的记忆技巧。)”可知，这里为承上启下句，记忆的方法有很多，但有好的方法。所以选择项D“However, the best method is the basic, tried-and-true strategy of repetition and practice.(然而，最好的方法是基本的、经过验证的重复和练习的策略。)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
17．
根据上文“Write out the entire speech. Simply take a piece of paper and a pen and write out the entire speech. (写出整个演讲。只要拿一张纸和一支笔，写下整个演讲。)”和下文“Many people memorize information better when they are actively recording it. Copying the speech on another piece of paper can help to commit that information to memory.(许多人在积极记录信息的时候会更好地记忆信息。在另一张纸上抄写演讲稿有助于记忆。)”可知，通过多写几遍演讲稿而达到记忆的目的。所以选择项C“If the speech is relatively short, consider writing it out multiple
times. (如果演讲比较短，可以考虑多写几遍。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
18．
这里为本段中心句。根据下文“Much like writing the speech out on paper, typing the speech can also help commit the information to memory through visual learning. Since typing is generally faster than handwriting, you may have more time to type the speech several times in one night. There is no need to print the typed speech each time that you type it. (就像把演讲稿写在纸上一样，把演讲稿打出来也可以通过视觉学习来帮助记忆。因为打字通常比手写快，你可能有更多的时间在一个晚上打几次演讲稿。你没有必要每次都把打好的演讲稿打印出来。)”可知，本段主要介绍把演讲稿的内容打出来。所以选择项A“Type up the speech (把发言稿打出来。)”符合上下文语境。故选A。
19．
根据上文“Rehearse your speech for a friend. (在朋友面前排练你的演讲。)”和下文“It is important to practice the speech in front of someone to ensure that you really know the information.(在别人面前练习演讲是很重要的，以确保你真正了解演讲信息。请求你的朋友给你一些建议。)”可知，在正式演讲前建议先在朋友面前练习。所以选择项G“Sometimes you may think that you know your speech well, but you freeze up when you perform it in front of people. (有时你可能认为自己很了解自己的演讲，但当你在众人面前表演时，你就会愣住。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
20．
根据上文“Record yourself rehearsing the speech. If you don’t have anyone to practice with, try recording yourself while you rehearse your speech. Video recording is the best because you will be able to watch the recording and critique your speech and body language. (录下自己排练演讲
的过程。如果你没有人陪你练习，试着在你排练演讲的时候给自己录音。视频录音是最好的，因为你可以观看录音并评论你的演讲和肢体语言。)”可知，本段介绍通过录制自己的演讲来帮助记住演讲的内容。所以选择项F“You can also listen to the recording while you are doing other things to help remember the information. (你也可以一边听录音，一边做其他事情来帮助记住信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
21．B
22．A
23．G
24．D
25．F
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了谎言中所说的事并不一定不是真实的。生活中偶尔的一些谎言是善意的表达，或是委婉的拒绝，都有一定的积极作用。同时作者还介绍了人在说谎的时候的一些小动作。
21．根据前句“What exactly is a lie? Is it anything we say which we know is untrue?”(谎言到底是什么？是不是我们所知道的说一些不真实的话就是谎言呢？)可知，空前是对“什么是谎言”进行提问，使用提问的方式引出主题，B选项“Or is it something worse than what it really is?”(又或者还是比实际情况更糟糕？)符合前文的提问结构，故选B。
22．根据空前“According to him, women are better liars than men, particularly when telling a white lie.”(据他说，女性比男性更善于撒谎，尤其是在说“善意的谎言”时)可知，根据Professor Jerald Jellison得出来的结论是女性更善于说谎。根据空后“Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell serious lies.”(其他研究人员表示，男性更有可能说严重的谎言。)可知，选项与前文内容构成的是转折关系，故与A选项“However, this is only one side of the story.”(然而，这只是故事的一面)起到承上启下的作用。故选A。
23．设空处放在段首，应该是本段的段旨。根据空后“It has been found that if they are sitting down at the time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual.”(研究发现，如果他们当时是坐着的，他们会比平时在椅子上动得更多。)可知，讲述的是人在说谎时的一些细微动作的变化，与G选项“Research has also studied the way people’s behavior changes in a number of small, apparently unimportant ways when they lie.”(研究还研究了人们撒谎时在一些看似无关紧要的小事上的行为变化。)中的people’s behavior changes相呼应。故选G。
24．根据空前的“One explanation of this may be that lying causes a slight increase in blood pressure.”(对此的一种解释可能是说谎会导致血压轻微升高。)可知，人说谎的时候血压会升高，a slight increase in blood pressure与G选项“The tip of the nose is very sensitive to such changes and the increased pressure makes it itch.”(鼻尖对这种变化非常敏感，压力的增加使它发痒。)中的such changes呼应，such changes指代的就是前文的血压升高，前句和设空处是因果关系，故选D。
25．根据段首的“Another gesture”可知本段讲述的主要内容是：人在说谎时的一些姿势动作，
因此本段是围绕这一主题展开。同时根据空前的“He says there are several typical forms, such as covering part of the mouth with fingers, touching the upper-lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side of the mouth.”(他说，有几种典型的形式，比如用手指覆盖嘴巴的一部分，触摸上唇或把一只手的一个手指放在嘴巴的一边。)可知，与F选项“Such a gesture can be understood as an unconscious attempt on the part of the liar to stop himself or herself from lying.”(这样的动作可以被理解为撒谎者无意识地试图阻止自己说谎。)中的such a gesture呼应，指代的就是上述的several typical forms中的任何一个动作形式。故选F。
26．A
27．E
28．C
29．B
30．G
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述邮件的结束语很重要，并介绍了三种常见的结束语。
26．
根据上文“The words at the end of an email may seem unnecessary.(电子邮件结尾的单词似乎没有必要)”可知，邮件的结束语看似没必要，结合下文“Even the most common ‘Sent from my iPhone’ can tell that the sender has taken the time to reply although clearly not at their desk.(即使是最常见的‘来自我的iPhone’也表明发件人已经花时间回复了，尽管很明显不是在他们的办公桌上回复的)”可知，结束语实则很重要，A项“然而，结束语很重要”符合语境，与上文“看似没必要”形成转折关系。故选A项。
27．
根据上文“When you’re struggling with how to end an email, it’s best to consider the context (语境).(当你纠结如何结束一封电子邮件时，最好考虑语境)”可知，E项“适用于亲密的同事的方法，并不适用于远方的熟人”符合语境，对上文举例说明。故选E项。
28．
根据下文“However, be aware of its greeting card vibe (氛围) and use it only when it fits well with the tone of your email.(然而，要注意它的贺卡氛围，只有当它适合你的电子邮件的语气时才使用它)”可知，空处与下文是转折关系，应是讲述“Best wishes.”的普适性，C项“既友好
又正式使这种落款成为一种安全的选择”符合语境。故选C项。
29．
根据上文“A recent study by the email app Boomerang rated cheers as the most likely sign-off to get an email response.(电子邮件应用程序Boomerang最近的一项研究认为，cheers是收到电子邮件回复最可能的落款)”可知，选项承接上文，说明大多数人对cheers的看法。B项“令人惊讶的是，这并不是大多数人认为的thank-you”符合语境，B项中的that指代上文的“the most likely sign-off to get an email response”。故选B项。
30．
根据上文“If you get a lot of emails, you know that nearly everyone uses this sign-off.(如果你收
到很多邮件，你就会知道几乎每个人都用这个结尾)”可知，几乎每个人都用best这个结尾，所以这容易让人感到枯燥，G项“缺点是，如果你想要你的信息引人注意，它可能会很枯燥”符合语境，故选G项。
31．B
32．G
33．C
34．F
35．E
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了积极压力运动的倡导者对压力的看法与一般人不同，他们通过寻求一些极端的策略来帮助自己缓解压力。
31．
根据上文“People often discuss the dangers of too much stress, but lately a very different view of stress is gaining popularity.(人们经常讨论压力过大的危险，但最近一种非常不同的压力观点越来越受欢迎。)”可知，通常人们认为压力大是危险的，但是现在却有不同的观点。因此，空处应该介绍不同的观点。而下文“The positive stress movement is made up of people such as Zachary Rapp who are looking for an edge in a competitive world.(积极压力运动是由像扎卡里·拉普这样的人组成的，他们在竞争的世界中寻找优势。)”可知，这些人认为压力有积极的一方面。选项B“This view of stress argues that stress might actually be beneficial. (这种关于压力的观点认为，压力实际上可能是有益的。)”正是表达了压力也有好的一方面。故选B。
高考英语阅读七选五专练含答案 People need a place to call home。whether it's their childhood home。a school dormitory。a newly-built house。or even a XXX。not everyone has a permanent home。and travelers especially may struggle to find a sense of belonging。But do they not deserve a home too。Of course they do. For some frequent travelers。they bring personal belongings such as bed sheets。pillowcases。and family photos to create a XXX where they are。Others may stay in the same hotel for extended ds of time。ing familiar with the staff and services。Some may even add a touch of home by placing XXX。There are many ways to make a temporary space feel like home. B。People find ways to keep in touch while traveling。Some may send letters。postcards。or photos。while others may simply make a phone call to let their friends know they are safe and well。Making friends on the road can also help travelers feel more at home。with some backpackers ing incredibly close friends.
2020届高考英语二轮复习任务型阅读（七选五）解题技巧及典例剖析 【考点清单】 1. 主旨句 典例1(2016·全国Ⅱ） Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料）.38.However,there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to gar-den. One of them comes from our earliest years. ·Recall(回忆）your childhood memories Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma's rose garden and Dad's vegetable gar-den... A. Know why you garden B. Find a good place for your own garden C. It's our experience of the garden that matters D. It's delightful to see so many beautiful flowers 主 题 句 段落 标题 浏览其他段落标题，观察其表达 阅读整段内容，提炼主题思想，阅读选项寻找体现主题思想的原词、同义词、近义词或同根词 段落主题句 根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词、近义词或同根词，推断主题句
七选五 My, what a big beak you have! For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help to make the effects of a warmer world less harmful. ____1____ In a paper published in Trends & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a PhD candidate at Deakin University, shows that is already happening. Climate change is already altering the bodies of many animal species, giving them bigger beaks (喙), legs and ears. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. Another study, this time in North American dark-eyed juncos, another bird, found the same pattern. ____2____ All that is perfectly consistent with evolutionary theory. “Allen’s rule”, named for Joel Asaph Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger body parts than those in temperate (温带的) regions. ____3____ Being richly filled with blood vessels, and not covered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place for birds to get rid of heat. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara Desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins. Ms. Ryding is not the first researcher to take that approach. But it is hard, when dealing with individual species, to prove that climate change was the cause of an anatomical (解剖学的) changes. All sorts of other factors, from changes in prey to the evolving reproductive preferences of males or females, might have been driving the changes. ____4____ The team combined data from different species in different places. Since they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. ____5____ That may change as warming accelerates. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs (妥协), it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might make feeding harder, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow. A．However, looking at the bigger picture makes the pattern clearer. B．For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. C．Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviors.
2023年高考英语北京卷七选五题目分析 一、题目概述 2023年高考英语北京卷七选五题目共包括一篇短文及五个问题。这篇短文是一篇关于环境保护的文章，主要围绕着"生活垃圾"这一主题展 开论述，并提出了一些解决生活垃圾问题的建议。问题涉及与环境保 护相关的主题，需要考生根据短文内容和所学知识进行分析和思考， 最终选择合适的答案。总体来看，这篇短文难度适中，与当今社会热 点问题相关，有利于考生在语言表达和批判性思维方面的培养。 二、题目内容分析 问题1：关于垃圾分类 根据短文内容，垃圾分类在环境保护中起着重要作用。考生需回顾短 文中提到的垃圾分类对环境保护的意义，并结合自己的观点进行论述。问题2：关于可持续发展 短文中提到可持续发展对于解决垃圾问题具有重要意义。考生需回顾 短文中的相关内容，并在回答问题时，可以举例说明可持续发展对环 境保护的影响。
问题3：关于环保意识 通过阅读短文，考生可以了解到作者对于环保意识的重要性进行了强调。考生在回答问题时，可以引用短文中的观点，结合自己的生活实际，提出自己的看法。 问题4：关于政府责任 短文中提到政府在环境保护方面的责任。考生需回顾短文中的相关内容，并结合自己的观点，分析政府在环境保护中的责任。 问题5：关于个人行为 从短文中可以得知，个人行为对环境保护的影响十分重要。考生在回答问题时，可以阐述自己对个人行为对环境保护的看法，并提出自己的建议。 三、解题思路 在回答这些问题时，考生需要注意以下几点： 1. 回顾短文内容并理解相关观点。
2. 结合自己的观点和生活实际进行分析和思考。 3. 在表达观点时，尽量使用自己熟悉的词汇和表达方式，避免出现语 法错误和逻辑不清晰的情况。 四、总结 2023年高考英语北京卷七选五题目关注当今社会环境保护问题，涉及到垃圾分类、可持续发展、环保意识、政府责任和个人行为等方面。 考生在认真阅读短文的基础上，需要充分展示自己的批判性思维和语 言表达能力。应结合考点和自己的实际生活，尽量用简练的语言表达 清晰的观点和建议，展现出良好的语言运用和思维深度。希望考生能 够充分准备，发挥出自己的潜力，取得理想的成绩。在这篇文章的后 续部分中，我们将继续深入探讨2023年高考英语北京卷七选五题目所涉及的环境保护问题，并对每个问题给出更加详细的解析和讨论，帮 助考生更好地准备这一部分的考试。以下是针对每个问题的扩写内容：问题1：关于垃圾分类 垃圾分类在当今社会中扮演着极其重要的角色。通过对不同种类的垃 圾进行分类，我们可以更有效地进行资源回收与利用，减少对自然资 源的过度消耗。垃圾分类也有利于降低污染物的排放，减缓环境污染
专题模拟训练(阅读七选五) 阅读七选五(一) 一、(北京市第四中学2019－2020学年高三上学期期中考试) Are You a Prisoner of Perfection？ Do you struggle for a goal that is beyond your reach？ 1 Are you setting yourself up for failure and shame when you can’t achieve the unachievable? Understanding wha t drives perfectionism is the first step toward releasing this self-created anchor that keeps us stuck. Shame and fear are often the hidden drivers of perfectionism.We believe that if we can fashion a perfectly polished personality，flash our intelligence，and perfect our humour，then no one can hurt us with criticism and we’ll win respect and approval. 2 Politicians who display a desperate need to be right and refuse to acknowledge mistakes or uncertainty are often driven by a secret shame.They fear that showing vulnerability(弱点) will expose them to the accusation that they’re weak.They stick to a desire to be right，perfect，and polished，even when it’s obvious that the emperor has no clothes. Perfectionism keeps us leaning toward the future.We’re constantly evaluating ourselves in order to do better. 3 However，if we can’t relax and enjoy lighter moments，then we become prisoners of our perfectionism.We get painfully self-conscious and take ourselves too seriously.Sadly，we deprive(剥夺) ourselves of the simple pleasure of enjoying the moment and being ourselves. 4 We realize that failing at any enterprise doesn’t mean that we are a failure.Without failures，we’ll never learn from our mistakes；we’ll never move forward in our lives.Those who succeed have made countless mistakes.The important thing is to learn from our error，forgive ourselves and move on. Being human，perfection is impossible. 5 Releasing ourselves from the desire to protect our image，we’re freed to sail gracefully through our successes and f ailures—and enjoy our precious life. A．Do you hold an idealized vision that is impossible to realize? B．A cure to perfectionism is to make room for our human shortcomings. C．Do you fear that others will be horrified by what you judge about yourself? D．The addiction to staying perfect protects us from any sign of being imperfect. E．There’s nothing wrong with wanting to do our best and self-correcting along the way. F．People who are addicted to perfection are often isolated，even if they seem outgoing and popular. G．By accepting ourselves as we are and doing our best，we begin to rid the shame that drives perfectionism.
一、考点精要 【授之以渔】 近年来，高考的阅读理解增加了七选五题型，试题模式为：给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。该题型主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。其命题体现了《新课标》“用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。”的阅读学习和教学理念。《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。” 新题型七选五其实跟传统题型完形填空有相似之处，完形填空空出的是词，而七选五空出的是句子，但是他们的考察方式都是一样的，只要考生选择的答案能够使行文连贯，符合英文的语法以及习惯表达就行，因此，这两类题型在做题方法上有共通之处。 二、解题技巧 【名师坐堂】从该题型给出的选项中我们可以发现一些特点：该题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。另外两个多余的干扰项也可以通过这三个特点来排除，例如主旨概括句要么过于宽泛要么以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。根据这些，我们总结一些关于七选五的做题方法供大家参考。 1.先看选项。跟完形填空不一样，七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。 2.通读全文对文章进行快速浏览，寻找主题句，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。在阅读过程中，要注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句，因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。 3.看空前空后。由于七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择答案。 4.将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理、各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时，我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，仔细甄别，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。 同时在解题的过程中，应该注意下列几个方面： 1.注意代词或定冠词。在做这类题目的时候，一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，因为我们知道，代词是指代一个名词或者一个句子的，然后通过代词在句子中所做的成分我们可以推断出它指代的句子的类型，我们要做的就是从选项中找这类句型就可以了。 2.注意一些特殊疑问词。如果选项中或空前出现特殊疑问词，一定要把这句话仔细读几遍，因为对于不同特殊疑问词的回答方式是不一样的，比如对why的回答，后面要有because等表原因的词，对when的回答，后面要有表时间的状语，对where的回答，后面要有表地点的名词，对how的回答，后面要有方式状语等。 3.注意一些连词。如一些表示转折的连词，but，however，yet，though，nevertheless等，另外还有一些表示并列关系的连词如and，also，as well as，neither…nor…，either…or…，not only…but also…，on
2023北京高三二模英语汇编 七选五 （2023 北京东城统考二模）We have all been guilty of being over optimistic when predicting how long a task will take because of the planning fallacy. First identified in 1977, the planning fallacy was defined as: “the tendency to underestimate the amount of time needed to complete a future task, due in part to the reliance on overly optimistic performance scenarios (预测).” It is extremely common._____1_____For instance, a study conducted with psychology students found that only 30% of them managed to complete their senior papers in the amount of time they predicted. What’s more, the planning fallacy is an incredibly stubborn problem._____2_____While we are able to recognise past predictions where we have been over-optimistic, we often keep on insisting that our current predictions are realistic. The planning fallacy is such a deep-rooted behavior. However, there are a few systematic strategies you can use to start building the habit of double-checking your time estimates. For instance, you can take the outside view._____3_____Make sure to consult experts and people who have attempted to complete similar projects in the past. If you’re a student, talk to senior students; if you’re writing a book, join a network of writers. _____4_____You need to differentiate between tasks that are urgent and important, important but not urgent, urgent but not important, neither urgent nor important. Once you have an objective estimate of the time it will take to complete a project, you need to make sure you have the time and resources to carry out your plan._____5_____Breakdown big tasks into smaller, manageable chunks. Don’t wait until the last minute to let people know you may need their help in the near future. A. Defining your priorities also helps. B. We don’t learn from our previous mistakes. C. Do not base your estimates on your own criteria. D. Focusing on fine details is the recommended practice. E. We can see many failed or late projects, which lead to timewasting. F. There have been lots of studies confirming the existence of the planning fallacy. G. Block time in your calendar, and make sure the resources you need are available. （2023 北京西城统考二模）As a doctor, I can give you a lot of useful advice about how to get healthy and stay that way, but you don't need me to tell you that exercise is good for you. Staying active can benefit the heart, the waistline, even the mind.__6__More than 60% of American adults don't exercise regularly, and many say they don't exercise at all. More than 72 million are overweight, and almost all of them would like to lose the extra pounds. So, if exercise is such a good idea, why don't more people do it? __7__Even as I write this, I am watching my two-year-old run around in circles. Kids seem to be born in constant motion, but along the way that behavior changes. The slowdown occurs for most at the beginning of college. Academic pressure and lack of organized sports are certainly part of the problem. A bigger part may be looking at life changes as an occasion to blow up old rules and not create new ones in their place. __8__The demands of a new job usually mean less time at the gym. How about a new marriage? How many times have we seen just-married couples looking a lot heavier in first-anniversary photos
2021年北京高三二模英语汇编—七选五 1.（2021•昌平区二模） A team of scientists has come up with a plan hey say could help rebuild the Arctic ice cap. The ice cap is a huge area of sea ice that covers most of the Arctic Ocean all year round. Usually, the sea ice gets thicker and spreads further each winter, but this hasn’t happened for the past few years. Last month, the ice cap had shrunk to its smallest size since scientists began keeping records of it 38 years ago. The weather in the Arctic has been unusually warm this winter. Some days, temperatures have been 20℃ higher than is normal for this time of year. In March, the temperature was above 0℃ at least one day. The Arctic ice cap is needed to be rebuilt because sea ice reflects heat and light from the sun back into space. With less ice, the ocean would absorb more heat. The Arctic would warm up even more quickly, and more ice would melt. Without sea ice, many animals would lose their natural habitats and could become endangered. It could also affect the weather, with more storms and erosion along the coast. Dr. Steven Desch and a group of scientists from Arizona State University in the United States think they can help to build up Arctic sea ice again. They want to set up wind-powered pumps on the existing sea ice. During the winter, the pumps would spread water from the ocean over the surface of the ice where it would freeze and form a new layer of ice. The scientists say that in 10 years, this could add an extra metre of ice to the ice cap. The plan would require about 10 million pumps and it would be very expensive—about $655 billion. Some other scientists are wondering if the pumps would actually work in severe Arctic conditions. They are also concerned about how the project might affect the environment. Dr. Desch said his team hoped their proposal would get more people interested in looking for a solution to the problem of melting sea ice. He said the only plan people have right now is to try to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (排放) from cars and other man-made sources. He and his team don’t think that will be enough to save the sea ice, so they’re going to work on their plan and hope that it will give everyone a good start on saving the Arctic ice cap. 41. Why is Arctic ice cap important? 42. What is Dr. Steven Desch’s solution to the problem? 43. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Some scientists were worried about the project and Dr. Desch hoped more people could help improve it.
2021城区高三英语二模阅读七选五汇总 2021海淀二模 What Are the Roots of Your Self-Esteem? Self-esteem is a person's subjective assessment of his or her worth to himself or herself. Self-esteem covers various beliefs about oneself (such as "I’m a failure and I’m beautiful”) as well as physiological states, including sadness, joy, and shame. The more we believe that we are worthy of happiness and good things in life, the more self-fulfilled we will be. When we don't believe that we are worthy of these things, our ability to enjoy them can suffer. 35 Healthy self-esteem as an adult can be a gift given in your childhood. It is a blessing that most people overlook. There are so many ways adults with high self-esteem were supported as children that resulted in them having high self-esteem. For instance, they were praised for what they had achieved. 36 They likely experienced affection and were given enough attention. It is also possible that they excelled in studies or in sports and were admired for it by peers. __37__ As children, many of these people were criticized, yelled at, or abused in one way or another. There is also a high chance that they were given no attention by the adults who were supposed to care for them. In some cases, adults with poor self-esteem were often ridiculed for their shortcomings or bullied by peers. It is common that these adults also believe that in order to be appreciated they need to be perfect 38 There are people who are obsessed with their careers or hobbies because in their mind they need to tie their worthiness to something concrete. Oftentimes these people have to pretend to be something they are not just to get approval. How you feel about yourself impacts how you live your life. People with high self-esteem tend to have better relationships than those with low self-esteem. 39 So if you struggle to reach out for assistance, it could be rooted in your low self-esteem. A. There is also a good chance that they were spoken to respectfully. B. When we start to doubt what's important in life, we tend to do less of it. C. Since self-esteem is connected to how we perform, it is important to work on it.
七选五专题训练 Passage 1 ABCFE Sending handwritten letters may have fallen out of fashion,but I’m a great believer in the power of letters. There’s something unique and special about handwritten things.You write a letter not because there’s something you need to know,but there’s something you want to say.1 The letter is a powerful and memorable way to touch the ones you care about.When my granny died and I cleared her house, I found hundreds of letters she had kept. 2 There were letters from her mother,who died long before I was born,but sitting reading them one rainy afternoon, her words stretched out across time and I felt I knew her. 3 It can enrich a relationship and allow it to grow. When I was 12, I faked a letter from a parent to the pet shop for a pet mouse.My mum punished me and made me write letters to some relatives.One of them was my uncle who I’d only met a few times before.I wrote a long letter detailing my life and listing my interests.My punishment complete,I forgot about this until I suddenly got a reply from him. “How lovely to hear from you,” he said, and went on to tell me all about his life. He’d love to hear about what subjects at school I enjoyed. 4 I have grown close to him since then. I often think about how that one naughty childhood behavior led to such an enriching communication that stretched on for many years.It encouraged me to write to lots of other people in fact. 40 So, I’d encourage you to put pen to paper and see where it leads. What have you got to lose? A. That is the point of the letter. B. They told the story of her relationships. C. Receiving a letter is such a lovely surprise. D. It’s also a way to make you more thoughtful. E. And it’s something I keep up with to this day. F. Then we started a communication that went on for years. G. That’s why we would prefer handwritten letters to emails. Passage 2 GFEAD Before we even realize it’s happening, slowly but surely, we start losing confidence in who we are, what we do, and pretty much everything we ever thought we knew. You’re not alone. 6 Below are simple steps that offer to help you restore confidence quickly. Figure Out the Root Cause. Knowing why you’re losing confidence is key to reversing that downward spiral. Not only will it get your confidence back but also it will strengthen it in the process. So, take the time to become aware of your environment, your thoughts, your behaviors, and your relationships. 7 Strike a Pose. Simply put you stand straight, take up some space, put one hand on each hip, chin tilted upward, breathe in, and be present. Hold this pose for a few minutes. 8 Our attitudes often follow our behaviors, her research suggests, meaning that assuming the body language of a powerful person can make anyone who does it feel more confident. 9 Losing confidence means you’ve given your power away. And one of the fastest ways to take back your power is to utter a tiny two-letter word: NO, Practice saying “no” at least o nce a day. It can be to your own judging voices of doubt, or it can be to the external factors you’ve identified that have caused you to lose confidence. It, along with these other suggestions: are very powerful steps in restoring your confidence. Losing confidence in ourselves happens. 10 I bet if you ask the people closest to you in your life, they’ll shrug and nod, letting you know that they’ve experienced self-doubt and a loss of confidence, too. It’s part of being human and part of living this thing that we call life. A. Just Say “No”. B. You will benefit from it in the long term. C. They may help you find out your mistakes. D. It’s happened to me on more than one occasion. E. It’s one of the power poses suggested by social psychologist Amy Cuddy. F. In that case, you can identify the negative influences that need to be addressed.