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Module 5 A Trip Along the Three Gorges1. be to do something 表示“按照计划或根据安排将要进行的动作”。
be about to表示“即将(正要) 做某事”①We are to go to the Great Wall next week.②I was about to leave, when the doorbell rang.be to do 用法1.表示按计划或安排的将来(表示“按照计划或根据安排将要进行的动作”。
be about to表示“即将(正要) 做某事”)The Queen is to visit Japan next week.2.表示“应该”，相当于should, ought toYou are to report to the police.3.表示“必须”，相当于must, have to。
The letter is to be handed to himin person.4.用于否定句，表示“禁止”，相当于mustn’t。
The books in this room are not to be taken outside.这个室内的书籍不得带出室外。
5.表示“可以，可能”，相当于may, can。
The news is to be found in the evening paper.这条消息可以在晚报上见到。
2. have…off 有…假期take …off 休假…ask for …off 请假…①I’ll have three days off next week.②Last year, she had/took six weeks off for her illness.③Jack took a month off because of his headache.3.trade vt. &vi.& n.trade …with 与……交易/做买卖trade in 做……生意a firm which trades in arms, textiles, graintrade ( in ) for 拿…与…交换她用项链换取了他的画.4. dock n.码头, 船坞v.靠码头，驶入码头dock at / inWe docked in Shanghai the next morning.5. sail vi. vt. 航行, 驾船; 坐船旅行The ship sails for Shanghai tomorrow.She always wanted to sail around the world.When did the first European sail across the Atlantic?set sail 启航, 开船The following week the “Queen Elizabeth” s et sail for Hongkong. set 放置，设置，落下set up 建立set an example to 树立榜样set off （+介词短语）出发，动身set out（to do）出发,动身,着手做set about ( doing) 着手开始做…The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.We could see the sun setting behind the ...see sb. do ---- sb be seen to do see sb. doing ---- sb be seen doingsee sth. done I saw him bitten by the dog一感feel二听listen to / hear三让make / let / have四看watch / look at / notice / see+ sb. do / doing半帮助help ( sb. do / to do )6. The gorges narrows to 350 feet…narrow vi.变窄vt.使变窄形容词作动词使用: 使…变1.The river narrows at this point.2.Her eyes narrowed.眯起眼睛3.He narrowed his eyes at her.4.Living in the countryside has narrowed him.常见的可以转化为动词的形容词calm, dry, free, slow, betterThe boss wanted to better the working conditions for his workers.The nurse is calming the child in hospital.The little boy’s mother warned him not to dirty his clothes.narrowly adv. 勉强地,险些,狭隘地The final score of the football match was 93-94. We were only ____beaten.A.nearlyB. slightlyC. narrowlyD.lightly7. rush v.冲, 奔, 闯; 匆忙地做n.匆促, 仓促rush hourrush through 匆忙通过,赶快进行rush out 冲出去rush into 闯入rush to do sth 抢着做某事He rushed to help the poor man.do sth in a rush 匆忙做某事I have to do my homework in a rush because I was late.rush sb. into doing sth. 催促某人干某事8. detour n. & v. 绕道make / take a detour 迂回，绕道①We took a detour to avoid the town center.②One evening we detoured to Moon Bay to watch the sea.③We have to make a detour to walk up the hill.9. lovely adj.可爱的, 有趣的, 美丽的①The house has many large rooms andthere is a lovely garden.②She has a lovely face.③What a lovely day!-ly 结尾的形容词:lonely, ugly, friendly, likely, lively, motherly, brotherly, fatherly10. go through 经历，经过，经受；仔细检查；通过，批准①These countries have gone throughtoo many wars.②The teacher had to go through thestudents' papers in the midnight.③He accepted the offer（出价）and the deal went through.④The construction work will gothrough two stages.pass through 经过；He had passed through many difficulties during the experiments.look through 浏览，查阅She looked through her notes before the examination.get through 通过，完成，（电话）接通When you get through with your work, let's go out.11. be heavy with (≈be full of)①The apple trees were heavy with fruit.②The garden was heavy with the scentof summer.③'Of course,' she said, her voice heavywith sarcasm (挖苦, 讽刺).④The air is heavy with the good smellof the flowers.12. point at 指向; 瞄准1. He pointed at a temple on the hill2. Their guns were pointed at the target, ready to fire.point out 指出Please point out my mistakes if I have any.13. exploit vt. 开发;充分利用;剥削1.Many natural resources have not been exploited in this area.2. He exploited every opportunity to get himself a good job.3. What is being done to stop employers from exploiting young people?exploitation n. 剥削,利用exploration n. 探测探究exploiter剥削者。
Section ⅣDeveloping ideas—Writing写一篇关于不解之谜的文章本单元的写作任务是介绍大自然神秘现象的文章，属于说明文。
说明文一般用言简意赅的语言解说事物的特点、发展变化规律，分析前因后果等，目的在于使读者“明白事理”，获得必要的信息，从而对事物有较完整清晰的了解和认识。
[写作要点]介绍性说明文主要运用说明的表达方式，向别人介绍清楚事物“是怎么样”的，对被介绍对象起解释、阐述的作用。
此种文体常用空间顺序、时间顺序或逻辑顺序对现象或事物进行介绍，常用结构(总—分—总)如下：第一段：对要说明的事物或现象作简要介绍，即点题。
第二段：按照题目提供的信息分层次，并按照一定的顺序进行说明后表达观点。
第三段：结尾照应开头，可发表自己的认识和看法。
[常用表达]1．描述自然界某种神秘自然现象以及该现象何时何地被发现的，常用语句：①The monster of... is back in the news.②It is known to all that...③It lies in...④It looks like a．..2．描述科学家及有关专家们对神秘现象的解释及证据，常用语句：①Some scientists think that...②Some people believe in its existence because...③By recent research，we can learn that...④Other scientists consider...3．描述作者个人对此现象的认识，常用语句：①Personally，I (don't) believe...②As far as I am concerned，I think...③In my point of view，I believe...4．The largest pyramid of all，also known as the Great Pyramid of Cheops (or Khufu)，was built around 5，000 years ago.其中最大的金字塔，也被称为基奥普斯(或胡夫)大金字塔，建于5 000年前。
