翻译硕士汉译英散文选《哀互生》

《108篇散文佳作要点笔记》第一部分汉译英1. 丑石(An Ugly Stone)表达法词汇：2. 匆匆(Rush)3. 冬夜(Winter Night)4. 互助(Helping Each Other)5. 黄昏(Dusk)6. 盼头(Something to Look Forward to)7. 媲美(Beauty)8. 枪口(The Muzzles)9. 鸲鹆(The Story of a Myna)10. 铜镜(The Bronze Mirror)11. 学校(The College)12. 野草(Wild Grass)13. 种梨(Planting a Pear Tree)14. 哀互生(Mourning for Husheng)15. 落花生(The Peanut)16. 盲演员(A Blind Actor)17. “孺子马” (An”Obedient Horse”)18. 小麻雀(A Little Sparrow)19. 雄辩症(A Case of Eloquence)20. 大钱饺子(A Good-luck Dumpling)21. 荷塘月色(Moonlight over the Lotus Pond)22. 黄龙奇观(A View of Huangllong)23. 枯叶蝴蝶(Lappet Butterfies)24. 泡菜坛子(A pickle Pot)25. 田水哗啦(The Irrigation Water Came Gurgling)26. 我若为王(If I Be King)27. 西式幽默(Western Humour)28. 项脊轩志(Xiangjixuan)29. 夜间来客(A Night Visitor——A True Story about a ”Celebrity”Being Interviewed)30. 珍禽血雉(China…s Native Pheasant)表达法：在…，有一座高…米的山，是…的主峰。

2016翻译硕士复习资料：散文翻译（4）美文妙译林语堂的Moment in Peking当中描写慈禧太后的句子：1. The ignorant old woman who ruled for the entire last half of the nineteenth century did more than any other single person to hold back China’s progress. Without her the progressive Emperor Kuangshu would certainly have gone on with his reforms. To the end, the Emperor, like an eagle deprived of its wings, remained submissive to his aunt. Ignorance added to a strong character was a double curse; stupidity joining hands with stubbornness was twice stupid.张振玉先生的译文：那个愚蠢无知的老太婆统治了19世纪的后50年，使中国不能进步，她可算功劳第一。

若没有她，锐意求进的光绪皇帝，一定会进行他的维新大计。

光绪皇帝，像个剪去翅膀的苍鹰，一直对他这位大权在握的老伯母必恭必敬，百依百顺。

愚而妄，其为祸则加倍地强烈。

愚蠢再与刚愎携手，则愚蠢倍增。

【spoiltcat点评】最后一句实在是经典。

“愚蠢无知”来译ignorant，有点过,因为ignorant 似乎并无“愚蠢”之意。

苍鹰不是一个一个的吧。

“必恭必敬”尚可表现出无奈的感觉，“百依百顺”则不可。

【spoiltcat改译】那个无知的老太婆在19世纪后半叶统治中国整整50年之久。

阻止中国进步的第一大功臣，当真非她莫属。

网上搜索滴资料整理了一下有用滴给大家使使一起进步哈省钱电子版娃哈哈○1艰难的国运与雄健的国民北师大03研基础英语翻译全文上海交大05研英语水平考试翻译前4段○5不要抛弃学问南开大学06研基础英语翻译前2段○6我之与书中国人大01研英文写作•英汉互译翻译第2、5段○7中年人的寂寞华东理工大学05研翻译实践（英汉互译）翻译第2段○9背影华东理工大学05研翻译实践（英汉互译）翻译第3段○10匆匆对外经贸易大学05研翻译翻译前3段大连理工大学04研英汉翻译与写作翻译前2段辽宁大学03研专业基础英语翻译全文西安外国语学院04研综合英语翻译前3段○21路边的蔷薇上海大学07研基础英语翻译全文○27养花厦门大学99研英汉•汉英翻译翻译前3段○33野草浙江工商大学04研翻译与写作翻译最后3段华中师范大学03研写作与翻译翻译最后2段○38时间即生命上海对外贸易学院01研翻译翻译第1段和最后1段中国人大01研英语语言学、英语发展史、英汉互译翻译第1段厦门大学98研英汉•汉英翻译翻译第1、2、4段○39学问与趣味北京外国语大学07研基础英语翻译最后2段南开大学04研基础英语翻译第3段○41黎明的北京中国地质大学06研翻译与写作翻译第1、2、7段以及第6段最后3句○42 文学批评无用论中国人大01研英文写作•英汉互译翻译第2段（不必译最后2句）○44母亲的回忆西安外国语学院02研翻译与写作翻译最后3段○45巷对外经贸大学06研专业英语（翻译理论与实践）翻译第4、6、7段附：题源出自《英译中国现代散文选•第三辑》（张培基译注，上海外语出版社2007年11月出版）○16别了，贺年卡北京科技大学06研基础英语翻译第3段。

翻硕英译中国现代散文选落花生 我们屋后有半亩隙地。

母亲说：“让它荒芜着怪可惜，既然你们那么爱吃花生，就辟来做花生园罢(1)。

”我们几个姊弟(2)和几个小丫头都很喜欢——买种的买种，动土的动土，灌园的灌园;过了不几个月，居然收获了! 妈妈说：“今晚我们可以做一个收获节(3)，也请你们的爹爹来尝尝我们底新花生，如何?”我们都答应了。

母亲把花生做成好几样食品(4)，还吩咐这节期要在园里底茅亭举行。

那晚上底天色不大好(5)，可是爹爹也来到，实在很难得!爹爹说：“你们爱吃花生吗?” 我们都争着答应：“爱!” “谁能把花生底好处说出来?” 姊姊说：“花生的气味很美。

” 哥哥说：“花生可以榨油。

” 我说：“无论何等人都可以用贱价买它来吃;都喜欢吃它。

这是它的好处。

” 爹爹说：“花生底用处固然很多;但有一样是很可贵的。

这小小的豆(6)不像那好看的苹果、桃子、石榴，把它们底果实悬在枝上，鲜红嫩绿的颜色(7)，令人一望而发生羡慕的心。

它只把果子埋在地底，等到成熟，才容人把它挖出来。

你们偶然看见一棵花生瑟缩(8)地长在地上，不能立刻辨出它有没有果实，非得等到你接触它才能知道。

” 我们都说：“是的。

”母亲也点点头。

爹爹接下去说：“所以你们要像花生(9)，因为它是有用的，不是伟大、好看的东西。

”我说：“那么，人要做有用的，不要做伟大、体面的人了。

”爹爹说：“这是我对于你们的希望。

” 我们谈到夜阑才散，所有花生食品虽然没有了，然而父亲底话现在还印在我心版上。

PeanutsXu Dishan Behind our house there lay half a mou of vacant land. Mother said, “it’s a pity to let it lie waste. Since you all like to eat peanuts so very much, why not plant some here?” that exhilarated us children and our servant girls as well, and soon we started buying seeds, ploughing the land and watering the plants. We gathered in a good harvest just after a couple of months! Mother said, “How about giving a party this evening to celebrate the harvest and inviting your Daddy to have a taste of our newly-harvested peanuts?” We all agreed. Mother made quite a few varieties of goodies out of the peanuts, and told us that the party would be held in the thatched pavilion on the peanut plot. It looked like rain that evening, yet, to our great joy, father came nevertheless. “Do you like peanuts?” asked father. “Yes, we do!” we vied in giving the answer. “Which of you could name the good things in peanuts?” “Peanuts taste good,” said my elder sister. “Peanuts produce edible oil,” said my elder brother. “Peanuts are so cheap,” said I, “that anyone can afford to eat them. Peanuts are everyone’s favourite. That’s why we call peanuts good.” “It’s true that peanuts have many uses,” said father, “but they’re most beloved in one respect. Unlike nice-looking apples, peaches and pomegranates, which hang their fruit on branches and win people’s admiration with their brilliant colours, tiny little peanuts bury themselves underground and remain unearthed until they’re ripe. When you come upon a peanut plant lying curled up on the ground, you can never immediately tell whether or not it bear any nuts until you touch them.” “That’s true,” we said in unison. Mother also nodded. “So you must take after peanuts,” father continued, “because they’re useful though not great and nice- looking.” “Then you mean one should be useful rather than great andnice-looking,” I said. “That’s what I expect of you,” father concluded. We kept chatting until the party broke up late at night. Today, though nothing is left of the goodies made of peanuts, father’s words remain engraved in my mind. 注释: 本文是许地山(1892-1941)的名篇。

翻硕复习资料中国现代散文汉译英许多院校在考试的试卷上都喜欢出一些中国比较经典的现在范文片段，然后让学生进行汉译英的翻译，所以凯程老师整理了经典的现代散文翻译供大家参考，同时在文章后面对于个别字词进行了解析，帮助同学们弄懂文章的意思。

当铺萧红 “你去当吧!你去当吧，我不去!” “好，我去，我就愿意进当铺(1)，进当铺我一点也不怕，理直气壮。

” 新做起来的我的棉袍，一次还没有穿，就跟着我进当铺去了!在当铺门口稍微徘徊了一下，想起出门时郎华要的价目(2)——非两元不当。

包袱送到柜台上，我是仰着脸，伸着腰，用脚尖站起来送上去的，真不晓得当铺为什么摆起这么高的柜台(3)! 那戴帽头的人翻着衣裳看，还不等他问，我就说了： “两块钱。

” 他一定觉得我太不合理，不然怎么连看我一眼也没看，就把东西卷起来，他把包袱仿佛要丢在我的头上，他十分不耐烦的样子(4)。

“两块钱不行，那么，多少钱呢?” “多少钱不要。

”他摇摇像长西瓜形的脑袋，小帽头顶尖的红帽球，也跟着摇了摇。

我伸手去接包袱，我一点也不怕，我理直气壮，我明明知道他故意作难(5)，正想把包袱接过来就走。

猜得对对的，他并不把包袱真给我(6)。

“五毛钱!这件衣服袖子太瘦，卖不出钱来……”“不当。

”我说。

“那么一块钱，……再可不能多了，就是这个数目。

”他把腰微微向后弯一点，柜台太高，看不出他突出的肚囊……一只大手指，就比在和他太阳穴一般高低的地方。

带着一元票子和一张当票，我怏怏地走，走起路来感到很爽快，默认自己是很有钱的人。

菜市，米店我都去过，臂上抱了很多东西，感到非常愿意抱这些东西，手冻得很痛，觉得这是应该，对于手一点也不感到可惜，本来手就应该给我服务，好像冻掉了也不可惜。

路旁遇见一个老叫花子，又停下来给他一个大铜板，我想我有饭吃， 他也是应该吃啊!然而没有多给，只给一个大铜板，那些我自己还要用呢(7)!又摸一摸当票也没有丢，这才重新走，手痛得什么心思也没有了，快到家吧!快到家吧。

Unite 3 Doctor’s Dilemma: Treat or Let Die?Abigail Trafford1. Medical advances in wonder drugs, daring surgical procedures, radiation therapies, and intensive-care units have brought new life to thousands of people. Yet to many of them, modern medicine has become a double-edged sword.2. Doctor’s power to treat with an array of space-age techniques has outstripped the body’s capacity to heal. More medical problems can be treated, but for many patients, there is little hope of recovery. Even the fundamental distinction between life and death has been blurred.3. Many Americans are caught in medical limbo, as was the South Korean boxer Duk Koo Kim, who was kept alive by artificial means after he had been knocked unconscious in a fight and his brain ceased to function. With the permission of his family, doctors in Las Vegas disconnected the life-support machines and death quickly followed.4. In the wake of technology’s advances in medicine, a heated debate is taking place in hospitals and nursing homes across the country --- over whether survival or quality of life is the paramount goal of medicine.5. “It gets down to what medicine is all about, ” says Daniel Callahan, director of the Institute of Society, Ethics, and the Life Sciences in Hastings-on-Hudson, New York. “Is it really to save a life? Or is the larger goal the welfare of the patient?”6. Doctors, patients, relatives, and often the courts are being forced to make hard choices in medicine. Most often it is at the two extremes of life that these difficultyethical questions arise --- at the beginning for the very sick newborn and at the end for the dying patient.7. The dilemma posed by modern medical technology has created the growing new discipline or bioethics. Many of the country’s 127 medical s chools now offer courses in medical ethics, a field virtually ignored only a decade ago. Many hospitals have chaplains, philosophers, psychiatrists, and social workers on the staff to help patients make crucial decisions, and one in twenty institutions has a special ethics committee to resolve difficult cases.Death and Dying8. Of all the patients in intensive-care units who are at risk of dying, some 20 percent present difficult ethical choices --- whether to keep trying to save the life or to pull back and let the patient die. In many units, decisions regarding life-sustaining care are made about three times a week.9. Even the definition of death has been changed. Now that the heart-lung machine can take over the functions of breathing and pumping blood, death no longer always comes with the patient’s “last gasp” or when the heart stops beating. Thirty-one states and the District of Columbia have passed brain-death statutes that identify death as when the whole brain ceases to function.10. More than a do zen states recognize “living wills” in which the patients leave instructions to doctors not to prolong life by feeding them intravenously or by other methods if their illness becomes hopeless. A survey of California doctors showed that 20 to 30 percent were following instructions of such wills. Meanwhile, the hospicemovement, which its emphasis on providing comfort --- not cure --- to the dying patient, has gained momentum in many areas.11. Despite progress in society’s understanding of death and dying, t heory issues remain. Example: A woman, 87, afflicted by the nervous-system disorder of Parkinson’s disease, has a massive stroke and is found unconscious by her family. Their choices are to put her in a nursing home until she dies or to send her to a medical center for diagnosis and possible treatment. The family opts for a teaching hospital in New York city. Tests show the woman’s stroke resulted from a blood clot that is curable with surgery. After the operation, she says to her family: “Why did you bring me back to this agony?” Her health continues to worsen, and two years later she dies.12. On the other hand, doctors say prognosis is often uncertain and that patients, just because they are old and disabled, should not be denied life-saving therapy. Ethicists also fear that under the guise of medical decision not to treat certain patients, death may become too easy, pushing the country toward the acceptance of euthanasia.13. For some people, the agony of watching high-technology dying is too great. Earlier this year, Woodrow Wilson Collums, a retired dairyman from Poteet, Texas, was put on probation for the mercy killing of his older brother Jim, who lay hopeless in his bed at a nursing home, a victim of severe senility resul ting from Alzheimer’s disease. After the killing, the victim’s widow said: “I think God, Jim’s out of his misery. I hate to think it had to be done the way it was done, but I understand it. ”Crisis in Newborn Care14. At the other end of the life span, technology has so revolutionized newborn carethat it is no longer clear when human life is viable outside the womb. Newborn care has got huge progress, so it is absolutely clear that human being can survive independently outside the womb. Twenty-five years ago, infants weighting less than three and one-half pounds rarely survived. The current survival rate is 70 percent, and doctors are “salvaging” some babies that weigh only one and one-half pounds. Tremendous progress has been made in treating birth deformities such as spina bifida. Just ten years ago, only 5 percent of infants with transposition of the great arteries --- the congenital heart defect most commonly found in newborns --- survived. Today, 50 percent live.15. Yet, for many infants who owe their lives to new medical advances, survival has come at a price. A significant number emerge with permanent physical and mental handicaps.16. “The question of treatment and nontreatment of seriously ill newborns is not a single one,”says Thomas Murray of the Hastings Center. “But I feel strongly that retardation or the fact that someone is going to be less than perfect is not good grounds for allowing an infant to die.”17. For many parents, however, the experience of having a sick newborn becomes a lingering nightmare. Two years ago, an Atlanta mother gave birth to a baby suffering from Down’s Syndrome, a form of mental retardation; the child also had blocked intestines. The doctors rejected the parents’ plea not to operate, and today the child, severely retarded, still suffers intestinal problems.18. “Every time Melanie has a bowel movement, she cries,” explains her mother.“She’s not able to take care of herself, and we won’t live forever. I wanted to save her from sorrow, pain, and suffering. I don’t understand the emphasis on life at all costs, and I’m very angry at the doctors and the hospital. Who will take care of Melanie after we’re gone? Where will you doctors be then?”Changing Standards19. The choices posed by modern technology have profoundly changed the practice of medicine. Until now, most doctors have been activists, trained to use all the tools in their medical arsenals to treat disease. The current trend is toward nontreatment as doctors grapple with questions not just of who should get care but when to take therapy away.20. Always in the background is the threat of legal action. In August, two California doctors were charged with murdering a comatose patient by allegedly disconnecting the respirator and cutting off food and water. In 1981, a Massachusetts nurse was charged with murdering a cancer patient with massive doses of morphine but was subsequently acquitted.21. Between lawsuits, government regulations, and patients’ rights, many doctors feel they are under siege. Modern technology actually has limited their ability to make choices. More recently, these actions are resolved by committees.Public Policy22. In recent years, the debate on medical ethics has moved to the level of national policy. “It’s just beginning to hit us that we don’t have unlimited resources,” says Washington Hospital Center’s Dr. Lynch. “You can’t talk about ethics without talkingethics without talking about money.”23. Since 1972. Americans have enjoyed unlimited access to a taxpayer-supported, kidney dialysis program that offers life-prolonging therapy to all patients with kidney failure. To a number of police analysts, the program has grown out of control --- to a $1.4billion operation supporting 61,000 patients. The majority are over 50, and about a quarter have other illness, such as cancer or heart disease, conditions that could exclude them from dialysis in other countries.24. Some hospitals are pulling back from certain lifesaving treatment. Massachusetts General Hospital, for example, has decided not perform heart transplants on the ground that the high costs of providing such surgery help too few patients. Burn units --- through extremely effective --- also provide very expensive therapy for very few patients.25. As medical scientists push back the frontiers of therapy, the moral dilemma will continue to grow for doctors and patients alike, making the choice of to treat the basic question in modern medicine.1. 在特效药、风险性手术进程、放疗法以及特护病房方面的医学进展已为数千人带来新生。

中山大学2014翻译硕士基础科目英汉互译部分真题CIF=Cost，Insurance and Freight 到岸价格，成本、运费加保险价Dow Jones Industrial Average道琼斯工业指数the Renaissance文艺复兴meteor storm流星雨intangible asset无形资产insurance policy保险单immune system disorders免疫系统机能丧失exchange rate汇率fiscal deficit财政赤字silicon valley硅谷brain drain人才外流Oedipus complex俄狄浦斯情结（儿童对异性生身亲长的性慾望, 对同性生身亲长的忌妒）; （女）恋父情结Electra complex ; （尤指）（子）恋母情结.force majeure不可抗力multilateral cooperation多边合作epidemic disease流行病半导体semiconductor知识产权IPRs (Intellectual property rights)酸雨acid rain自由撰稿人free-lancer温室效应greenhouse effect外资企业overseas-funded enterprises；foreign invested (foreign founded , foreign financed , foreign-owned) enterprises .贸易顺差trade surplus货币贬值currency devaluation；currency depreciation高血压hypertension违约责任responsibility of breach of contract可再生能源renewable energy sources扩大内需to expand domestic demand民意调查public-opinion poll人均国内生产总值GDP per capita主权国家sovereign country中山大学11（全）1.多边合作Multilateral cooperation2.可持续发展Sustainable development3.试行阶段trial stage4.应急计划Emergency plan5.污水处理Sewage treatment6.全球变暖Global warming7.新闻发布中心News Center8.市场占有率Market share9.研发中心Research and Development Center10.跨国犯罪Transnational crime11.企业文化Enterprise culture12.八国峰会G8 summit13.数字鸿沟Digital divide14.毒品贩运Drug trafficking15.国有企业State-owned enterprisebrand loyalty 品牌忠诚度due diligence 尽职调查（结合：job placement 就业安置）corporate social responsibility （CSR）企业社会责任code of conduct 行为规范market positioning 市场定位corporate governance 公司治理、企业管治proliferation of weapons of mass destruction 大规模杀伤性武器cradle of human civilization 人类文明的摇篮global sourcing 全球采购anti-dumping measures 反倾销措施HSBC Hong Kong and Shang Hai Banking Corporation 汇丰银行time to market 上市时机carbon trading 碳交易alternative energy 替代性能源Deforestation 采伐森林凯程教育：凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直从事高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。

19翻硕考研复习资料--张培基译散文《孺子马》“孺子马”宋连昌我的邻居老纪，是位消息灵通人士。

每天下班，总要带回几条新闻：大至国内外大事，小到谁家夫妻吵架、婆媳不和……他发布新闻，是大家都在做饭的时候，地点自然以厨房居多。

这天，老纪进了厨房就说：“老王，你听说了吗?”“什么事?”“ X X X的儿子被逮了。

”“噢!因为什么?”我停住手里的菜刀，惊愕地问。

“还用说，犯法了呗!……”“其实，那孩子小时候也蛮好，都是家长的过失。

”老纪一边淘米一边说，“你没看，从小就质。

孩子说要星星，大人不敢摘月亮。

你想孩子小时不教育，长大能好得了果不其然，以后骂人、打架、抽烟、喝酒全来了。

”老纪的话简直够得上至理名言，我不住地点头，并暗暗地为xxx惋惜，若是他早能听到老纪的“教诲”，也许不至于铸成今天的大错了。

老纪讲着，已打点好饭锅，准备切菜。

不知怎么“哟”了一声不说了。

我回头一看，原来他的案板背上用粉笔胡乱地画着些什么。

但老纪一眼就认出那是他六岁的儿子小光的手笔，他默然一笑：“这小子，准是从昨晚的内部电影上看来的。

”说着他又细细地端详一阵，才不慌不忙地擦去。

刚巧小光手持长矛从外面冲了进来，发现自己的“作品”被擦了，立刻大闹起来：“你干吗擦我的画?臭爸爸!”哭喊着用长矛向老纪刺过来。

老纪急中生智，抓起锅盖来自卫，口里不住地求饶：“别别，好孩子，听爸爸说，爸爸不是给乖乖做饭吗?不擦掉怎么切菜呀?等我用完，你再画……”“不行!不行!你赔我!”“那……爸爸明天给你买个画册。

”“不，我不干，你赔我，你赔我!’‘“那么，过一会爸爸趴在床上当马，让你骑上玩打仗，好不好？”大概小孩子都爱玩打仗，小光这才住了手。

可是这场“以子之矛攻父之盾”的战斗虽然结束了，紧接着又转人了“停战谈判”。

小光提出马上就骑，老纪说：“爸爸现在正做饭，哪有工夫陪你玩?等吃完饭一定让你骑个够，撤谎是小狗。

”小光仍然坚持己见，丝毫没有让步的意思。

老纪搓着两手，忽然想起：“唉!对了，刚才爸爸又给你买来巧克力，你快去.要不都叫妈妈吃了。

两分钟做个小测试，看看你的英语水平/test/kuaisu.aspx?tid=16-73675-0三月里刘熏宇君来信，说互生病了，而且是没有希望的病，医生说只好等日子了。

四月底在《时事新报》上见到立达学会的通告，想不到这么快互生就殁了！后来听说他病中的光景，那实在太惨；为他想，早点去，少吃些苦头，也未尝不好的。

但丢下立达这个学校，这班朋友，这班学生，他一定不甘心，不瞑目!In March I heard from Mr. Liu Xunyu that Husheng was sick and hopelessly sick at that. The doctor said there was nothing he could do but to trait for the day to arrive. Toward the end of April, I came across an obituary issued by Lida Association in the newspaper Current Affairs. How quickly the day had arrived! Later, when I learned how he had suffered during his illness, I thought it was too miserable. From his point of view, however, his passing away was not a bad thing after all, because he suffered less by going earlier. But it must have been very hard for him to close his eyes and resign himself to the fact that he was leaving his Lida School, his friends and his students behind.互生最叫我们纪念的是他做人的态度。

不单是诗人，就是被关闭在牢狱里的囚犯，萧索的感触来的，不但是诗人，就是被关闭在牢狱里的囚犯，到了秋天，Not only poets, even convicts in prison, I suppose, have deep sentiments in autumn in spite of themselves不由自主地In spite of oneself何尝有国别，更何尝有人种的阶级区别呢Autumn treats all humans alike,regardless of nationality, race or class.不过在中国，文字里有一个秋士的成语，读本里有着很普遍的欧阳子的秋声与苏东坡《赤壁赋》等，就觉得中国的文人和秋的关系特别深了However, judging from the Chinese idiom qiushi(autumn scholar, meaning an aged scholar grieving over frustration in his life) and the frequent selection in the textbooks of ouyangxiu’s on the autumn sough and Su Dongpo’s on the red cliff, Chinese men of letters seem to be particularly autumn-minded.可是这球的深味，尤其是中国的秋的深味，非要在北方，才感受到底But, to know the real flavor of autumn especially china’s autumn, one has to visit the North.南国之秋，当然有它的特异的地方的，比如二十四桥明月，钱塘江的秋潮，普托上的凉雾，荔枝湾的残荷等等Autumn in the south also has its unique feature such as the moon-lit Ershisi bridge in Yangzhou, the flowing sea tide at Qiantangjiang River, the mist-shrouded Putuo mountain and lotuses at the Lizhiwan Bay.可是色彩不浓，回味不永。

翻译硕士散文翻译 曹明伦译《论真理》片断 原文：It is a pleasure to stand upon the shore and to see ships tossed upon the sea; a pleasure to stand in the window of a castle and to see a battle and the adventures thereof blow; but no pleasure is comparable to the standing upon the vantage-ground of truth(a hill not to be comman-ded, and where the air is always dear and serene) and to see the errors and wanderings andmists and tempests in the vale below. 登高岸而濒水处观舟楫颠簸于海上，不易快哉;踞城堡而倚窗凭眺两军酣战于脚下，不易快哉;然断无任何快事堪比凌真理之绝顶(以巍然高耸且风清气朗的峰顶)，一览深谷间的谬误与彷徨，迷雾与风暴。

翻译赏析：一文用排比句再现了原文的句式，一气呵成，雄健有力，摆脱了原文表层结构的羁绊，运用了一些平常不多使用的词语，但又不生僻，写出了鲜活流畅，古意昂然而又易解的汉语 There in the mist, enormous, majestic, silent, and terrible, stood the Great Wall of China, Solitarily, with the indifference of nature herself, it crept up the mountain side and slipped down to the depth of the velley, Menacingly, the grim watch towers, stark and foursquare, at due intervals stood at their posts. Ruthlessly, for it was built at the cost of a million lives and each one of those great great stones has been stained with the bloody tears of the captive and the outcast, it forged its dark way through a sea of rugged mountains. Fearlessly, it went on its endless journey, league upon league to the furthermost regions of Asia, in utter solitude, mysterious like the great empire it guarded. There in the mist, enormous, majustic, silent, and terrible, stood the Great Wall of China. 长城来迷朦中赫然呈现，巨大雄壮，沉默威严。

中国优秀散文英译【考研英语翻译精华】第一部分汉译英1. 丑石(An Ugly Stone)2. 匆匆(Rush)3. 冬夜(Winter Night)4. 互助(Helping Each Other)5. 黄昏(Dusk)6. 盼头(Something to Lookl Forward to)7. 媲美(Beauty)8. 枪口(The Muzzles)9. 鸲鹆(The Story of a Myna)10. 铜镜(The Bronze Mirror)11. 学校(The College)12. 野草(Wild Grass)13. 种梨(Planting a Pear Tree)14. 哀互生(Mourning for Husheng)15. 落花生(The Peanut)16. 盲演员(A Blind Actor)17. “孺子马” (An”Obedient Horse”)18. 小麻雀(A Little Sparrow)19. 雄辩症(A Case of Eloquence)20. 大钱饺子(A Good-luck Dumpling)21. 荷塘月色(Moonlight over the Lotus Pond)22. 黄龙奇观(A View of Huangllong)23. 枯叶蝴蝶(Lappet Butterfies)24. 泡菜坛子(A pickle Pot)25. 田水哗啦(The Irrigation Water Came Gurgling)26. 我若为王(If I Be King)27. 西式幽默(Western Humour)28. 项脊轩志(Xiangjixuan)29. 夜间来客(A Night Visitor——A Tr ue Story about a ”Celebrity”Being Interviewed)30. 珍禽血雉(China‘s Native Pheasant)31. 常胜的歌手(A Singer Who Always Wins)32. 健忘的画眉(The Forgetful Song Thrush)33. 可爱的南京(Nanjing the Beloved City)34. 鲁迅先生记(In Memory of Mr.Lu Xun)35. 苗族龙船节(The Miao Drangon-Boat Festival)36. 秋天的怀念(Fond Memories of You)37. 献你一束花(A Bouquet of Flowers for you)38. 鸭巢围的夜(A Night at Mallard-Nest Village)39. 玫瑰色的月亮(The Rosy Moon)40. 内画壶《百子图》(Snuff Bottles with Pictures Inside)41. 维护团结的人(A Man Upholding Unity)42. 我有一个志愿(I Have a Dream)43. 运动员的情操(Sportsmen‘s Values)44. 神话世界九寨沟(Jiuzhaigou,China‘s Fairyland)45. 生命的三分之一(One Third of Our Lifetime)46. 我可能是天津人(I Might Have Come from Tianjin)47. 五台名刹画沧桑(The famous Monastery Witnesses Vicissitudes)48. 爱梦想的羞怯女孩(A Shy Dreamer)49. 永久的憧憬和追求(My Lnging and yearning)50. 老人和他的三个儿子(The Old Man and his three sons)51. 乐山龙舟会多姿多彩(dragon-Boat Festival at Leshan)52. 撷自那片芳洲的清供(An Offering from his Sweet homeland)53. 三峡多奇景妙笔夺开工(The Scenic Three Gorges Captured )54. 初中国旅游可到哪些地方(Tips on Traveling to China the First Time)丑石贾平凹我常常遗憾我家门前的那块丑石呢：它黑黝黝地卧在那里，牛似的模样；谁也不知道是什么时候留在这里的.谁也不去理会它。

2016翻译硕士复习资料：英译中国现代散文选（20）墓郭沫若昨朝我一个人在松林里徘徊，在一株老松树下戏筑了一座砂丘(1)。

我说，这便是我自己的坟墓了(2)。

我便拣了一块白石来写上了我自己的名字，把来做了墓碑。

我在墓的两旁还移种了两株稚松(3)把它伴守。

我今朝回想起来，又一人走来凭吊(4)。

但我已经走遍了这莽莽的松原，我的坟墓究竟往那儿去了呢?啊，死了的我昨日的尸骸哟(5)，哭墓的是你自己的灵魂，我的坟墓究竟往那儿去了呢?The GraveGuo MoruoYesterday morning, while wandering about alone in a pine forest, I amused myself by piling up a small sand-hill under an old pine tree.“Let this be my own grave,” said I.Picking up a piece of white stone, I scribbled my name on it and said, “Let this be my own gravestone.”On either side of the grave, I transplanted a pine sapling to keep it company.This morning, recalling the grave, I went to pay a visit to it.But the grave was nowhere to be found though I searched every nook and corner of the dense forest. Where was it gone to?O ye remains of my yesterday’s dead self, it was your own soul that had come to mourn at the grave! Where was my grave gone to?注释：(1)“戏筑了一座砂丘”的意思是“堆起一座砂丘以自娱”，现译为I amused myself by piling up a small sand-hill，也可译为I piled up for fun a small sandhill。

356文|朱明元也谈汉英语义的“隐”与“显”——汉英翻译实践例析摘要：翻译课堂教学应当注重挖掘学生对汉英双语语言的区别性特征的分析能力。

汉语语义往往隐晦，尤其是文学作品中，字面意义之下还有隐含意义。

在汉译英翻译实践中必须注重挖掘汉语作品的字面下的“隐性”意义，在英译的过程中对其进行“显化”，才能最大程度做到忠实于原文。

关键词：隐性意义，显化，汉英翻译Abstract: The ability of the translating class students to probe into the distinguishing characteristics between Chinese and English should be instructed through the process of translating practice. Chinese bears implicit senses, esp. in literary works. It is essential to exploit the implicit senses concealed under Chinese characters. During the C-E translating process, the implicit senses in Chinese should be explicitly revealed so as to be faithful to the original text to the utmost.Key words: implicit sense, to explicitly reveal, C-E translating一、引言数年翻译理论与实践的课堂教学，在课堂与学生分享的汉译英实例中，有摘引大家之译文，也有笔者亲躬并与学生逐词逐句探讨所翻译例优劣之译例。

在此过程中，亦积累了对汉语之“隐性”及英语之“显性”的切身体会，笔者在此尝试以课堂教学之实例来做探讨。

翻硕复习资料中国现代散文汉译英许多院校在考试的试卷上都喜欢出一些中国比较经典的现在范文片段，然后让学生进行汉译英的翻译，所以凯程老师整理了经典的现代散文翻译供大家参考，同时在文章后面对于个别字词进行了解析，帮助同学们弄懂文章的意思。

白杨礼赞茅盾 白杨树实在是不平凡的，我赞美白杨树! 当汽车在望不到边际的高原上奔驰，扑入你的视野的，是黄绿错综的一条大毡子(1);黄的，那是土，未开垦的处女土，几十万年前由伟大的自然力所堆积成功的黄土高原的外壳;绿的呢，是人类战胜自然的结果，是麦田，和风吹送，翻起了一轮一轮的绿波——这时你会真心佩服昔人所造的两个字“麦浪”，若不是妙手偶得，便确是经过锤炼的语言的精华;黄与绿主宰着，无边无垠，坦荡如砥(2)，这时如果不是宛若并肩的远山的连峰提醒了你(这些山峰凭你的肉眼来判断，就知道是在你脚底下的)，你会忘记了汽车是在高原上行驶。

这时你涌起来的感想也许是“雄壮”，也许是“伟大”，诸如此类的形容词;然而同时你的眼睛也许觉得有点倦怠，你对当前的“雄壮”或“伟大”闭了眼(3)，而另一种味儿在你的心头潜滋暗长(4)了——“单调”!可不是，单调，有一点儿吧? 然而刹那间，要是你猛抬眼看见了前面远远地有一排，——不，或者甚至只是三五株，一二株，傲然地耸立，像哨兵似的树木的话，那你的恹恹欲睡(5)的情绪又将如何?我那时是惊奇地叫了一声的! 那就是白杨树，西北极普通的一种树，然而实在不是平凡的一种树! 那是一种力争上游的一种树，笔直的干，笔直的枝。

它的干呢，通常是丈把高，像是加过人工似的，一丈以内，绝无旁枝;它所有的丫枝呢，一律向上，而且紧紧靠拢，也像是加过人工似的，成为一束，绝无横斜逸出(6);它的宽大的叶子也是片片向上，几乎没有斜生的，更不用说倒垂了;它的皮，光滑而有银色的晕圈，微微泛出淡青色。

这是虽在北方的风雪的压迫下却保持着倔强挺立的一种树!哪怕只有碗来精细罢，它却努力向上发展，高到丈许，二丈，参天耸立，不折不挠，对抗着西北风。

2016翻译硕士复习资料：散文翻译（4）美文妙译林语堂的Moment in Peking当中描写慈禧太后的句子：1. The ignorant old woman who ruled for the entire last half of the nineteenth century did more than any other single person to hold back China’s progress. Without her the progressive Emperor Kuangshu would certainly have gone on with his reforms. To the end, the Emperor, like an eagle deprived of its wings, remained submissive to his aunt. Ignorance added to a strong character was a double curse; stupidity joining hands with stubbornness was twice stupid.张振玉先生的译文：那个愚蠢无知的老太婆统治了19世纪的后50年，使中国不能进步，她可算功劳第一。

若没有她，锐意求进的光绪皇帝，一定会进行他的维新大计。

光绪皇帝，像个剪去翅膀的苍鹰，一直对他这位大权在握的老伯母必恭必敬，百依百顺。

愚而妄，其为祸则加倍地强烈。

愚蠢再与刚愎携手，则愚蠢倍增。

【spoiltcat点评】最后一句实在是经典。

“愚蠢无知”来译ignorant，有点过,因为ignorant 似乎并无“愚蠢”之意。

苍鹰不是一个一个的吧。

“必恭必敬”尚可表现出无奈的感觉，“百依百顺”则不可。

【spoiltcat改译】那个无知的老太婆在19世纪后半叶统治中国整整50年之久。

阻止中国进步的第一大功臣，当真非她莫属。

2016翻译硕士复习资料：英译中国现代散文选（3）差不多先生传胡适你知道中国最有名的人是谁?提起此人，人人皆晓，处处闻名。

他姓差，名不多(1)，是各省各县各村人氏。

你一定见过他，一定听说过别人谈起他。

差不多先生的名字天天挂在大家的口头，因为他是中国全国人的代表。

差不多先生的相貌和你和我都差不多。

他有一双眼睛，但看的不很清楚;他有两只耳朵，但听的不很分明;有鼻子和嘴，但他对于气味和口味都不很讲究。

他的脑子也不小，但他的记性却不很精明，他的思想也不很细密(2)。

他常常说：“凡事只要差不多，就好了。

何必太精明呢?”他小的时候，他妈叫他去买红糖，他买了白糖回来。

他妈骂他，他摇摇头说：“红糖白糖不是差不多吗?”他在学堂的时候，先生问他：“直隶省(3)的西边是哪一省?”他说是陕西。

先生说：“错了。

是山西，不是陕西。

”他说：“陕西同山西，不是差不多吗?”后来他在一个钱铺(4)里做伙计，他也会写，也会算，只是总不会精细。

十字常常写成千字，千字常常写成十字。

掌柜的生气了，常常骂他。

他只是笑嘻嘻地赔小心道：“千字比十字只多一小撇，不是差不多吗?”有一天他为了一件要紧的事，要搭火车到上海去。

他从从容容地走到火车站，迟了两分钟，火车已经开走了。

他白瞪着眼，望着远远的火车上煤烟，摇摇头道：“只好明天再走了，今天走同明天走，也差不多。

可是火车公司未免太认真了。

8点30分开，同8点32分开，不是差不多吗?“他一面说，一面慢慢地走回家，心里总不明白为什么火车不肯等他两分钟。

有一天，他忽然得了急病，赶快叫家人去请东街的汪医生。

那家人急急忙忙地跑去，一时寻不着东街的汪大夫，却把西街牛医王大夫请来了。

差不多先生病在床上，知道寻错了人;但病急了，身上痛苦，心里焦急，等不得了，心里想道：“好在王大夫同汪大夫也差不多，让他试试看罢。

”于是这位牛医王大夫走近床前，用医牛的法子给差不多先生治病。

不上一点钟，差不多先生就一命呜呼了。

差不多先生差不多要死的时候，一口气断断续续地说道：“活人同死人也……差……差不多，……凡事只要……差……差……不多……就……好了，……何……何……必……太……太认真呢?”他说完了这句格言(5)，方才绝气了。

19翻硕复习资料：英译散文匆匆朱自清 燕子去了，有再来的时候;杨柳枯了，在再青的时候;桃花谢了，有再开的时候1。

但是，聪明的，你告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢?——是有人偷了他们罢：那是谁?又藏在何处呢?是他们自己逃走了罢：现在又到了那里呢2? 我不知道他们给了我多少日子3;但我的手确乎是渐渐空虚了4。

在默默里算着，八千多日子已经从我手中溜去5;像针尖上一滴水滴在大海里，我的日子滴在时间的流里，没有声音，也没有影子。

我不禁头涔涔而泪潸潸了6。

去的尽管去了，来的尽管来着;去来的中间，又怎样地匆匆呢?早上我起来的时候，小屋里射进两三方7斜斜的太阳。

太阳他也有脚啊，轻轻悄悄地挪移8了;我也茫茫然跟着旋转。

于是——洗手的时候，日子从水盆里过去;吃饭的时候，日子从饭碗里过去;默默时，便从凝然的双眼前过去。

我觉察他去的匆匆了，伸出手遮挽时，他又从遮挽着的手边过去，天黑时，我躺在床上，他便伶伶俐俐在从我身上跨过，从我脚边飞去了。

等我睁开眼和太阳再见，这算又溜走了一日。

我掩着面叹息。

但是新来的日子的影儿又开始在叹息里闪过了。

在逃去如飞的日子里，在千门万户的世界里的我能做些什么呢?只有徘徊罢了，只有匆匆罢了;在八千多日的匆匆里，除徘徊外，又剩些什么呢?过去的日子如轻烟，被微风吹散了，如薄雾，被初阳蒸融了;我留着些什么痕迹呢?我何曾留着像游丝样的痕迹呢?我赤裸裸来到这世界，转眼间也将赤裸裸的回去罢?但不能平的9，为什么偏要白白走这一遭啊? 你聪明的，告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢?Transient DaysZhu ziqing If swallows go away, they will come back again. If willows wither, they will turn green again. If peach blossoms fade, they will flower again. But, tell me, you the wise, why should our days go by never to return? Perhaps they have been stolen by someone. But who could it be and where could he hide them? Perhaps they have just run away by themselves. But where could they be at the present moment? I don’t know how many days I am entitled to altogether, but my quota of then is undoubtedly wearing away. Counting up silently, I find that more than 8000 days have already slipped away through my fingers. Like a drop of water falling off a needle point into the ocean, my days are quietly dripping into the stream of time without leaving a trace. At the thought of this, sweat oozes from my forehead and tears trickle down my cheeks. What is gone is gone, what is to come keeps coming. How swift is the transition in between! When I get up in the morning, the slanting sun casts two or three squarish patches of light into my small room. The sun has feet too, edging away softly and stealthily. And, without knowing it, I am already caught in its revolution. Thus the day flows away through thesink when I wash my hands; vanishes in the rice bowl when I have my meal; passes away quietly before the fixed gaze of my eyes when I am lost in reverie. Aware of its fleeting presence, I reach out for it only to find it brushing past my outstretched hands. In the evening, when I lie on my bed, it nimbly strides over my body and flits past my feet. By the time when I open my eyes to meet the sun again, another day is already gone.I heave a sigh, my head buried in my hands. But, in the midst of my sighs,a new day is flashing past. Living in this world with its fleeting days and teeming millions, what can I do but waver and wander and live a transient life? What have I been doing during the 8000 fleeting days except wavering and wandering? The bygone days, like wisps of smoke, have been dispersed by gentle winds, and, like thin mists, have been evaporated by the rising sun. What traces have I left behind? No, nothing, not even gossamer-like traces. I have come to this world stark naked, and in the twinkling of an eye, I am to go back as stark naked as ever. However, I am taking it very much to heart: why should I be made to pass through this world for nothing at all? O you the wise, would you tell me please: why should our days go by never to return? 注释： 本文是朱自清的早期散文，写于1922年7月28日。