Microsoft Word - 北京交通大学2002年考研机械原理真题

2002年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C OR D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened 1 . As was discussed before, it was not 2 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic_ 3 _ ，following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 4 of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution 5 up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading 6 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures 7 the 20th century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that Process in 8 . It is important to do so.It is generally recognized, 9 , that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, 10 by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, 11 its impact on the media was not immediately 12 . As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal” too, as well as 13 , with display becoming sharper and storage 14 increasing. They were thought of, like people, 15 generations, with the distance between generations much 16 .It was within the computer age that the term “information society” began to be widely used to describe the 17 within which we now live. The communications revolution has 18 both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been 19 view about its economic, political, social and cultural implication s. “Benefits” have been weighed 20 “harmful” outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.1. ［A］between ［B］before ［C］since ［D］later2. ［A］after ［B］by ［C］during ［D］until3. ［A］means ［B］method ［C］medium ［D］measure4. ［A］process ［B］company ［C］light ［D］form5. ［A］gathered ［B］speeded ［C］worked ［D］picked6. ［A］on ［B］out ［C］over ［D］off7. ［A］of ［B］for ［C］beyond ［D］into8. ［A］concept ［B］dimension ［C］effect ［D］perspective9. ［A］indeed ［B］hence ［C］however ［D］therefore10. ［A］brought ［B］followed ［C］stimulated ［D］characterized11. ［A］unless ［B］since ［C］lest ［D］although12. ［A］apparent ［B］desirable ［C］negative ［D］plausible13. ［A］institutional ［B］universal ［C］fundamental ［D］instrumental14. ［A］ability ［B］capability ［C］capacity ［D］faculty15. ［A］by means of ［B］in terms of ［C］with regard to［D］in line with16. ［A］deeper ［B］fewer ［C］nearer ［D］smaller17. ［A］context ［B］range ［C］scope ［D］territory18. ［A］regarded ［B］impressed ［C］influenced ［D］effected19. ［A］competitive ［B］controversial ［C］distracting ［D］irrational20. ［A］above ［B］upon ［C］against ［D］withSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses’ convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. “Who is that?”the new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, that’s God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he’s a doctor.”If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn’t attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it’s the delivery which causes theaudience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you don’t succeed, give up”or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatement. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor.21. To make your humor work, you should .[A] take advantage of different kinds of audience[B] make fun of the disorganized people[C] address different problems to different people[D] show sympathy for your listeners22. The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are .[A] impolite to new arrivals[B] very conscious of their godlike role[C] entitled to some privileges[D] very busy even during lunch hours23. It can be inferred from the text that public services .[A] have benefited many people[B] are the focus of public attention[C] are an inappropriate subject for humor[D] have often been the laughing stock24. To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered .[A] in well-worded language[B] as awkwardly as possible[C] in exaggerated statements[D] as casually as possible25. The best title for the text may be .[A] Use Humor Effectively[B] Various Kinds of Humor[C] Add Humor to Speech[D] Different Humor StrategiesText 2Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics—the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close.As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for thetransaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy—far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves—goals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error," says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, “we can't yet give a robot enough ‘common sense’ to reliably interact with a dynamic world.”Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain's roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented—and human perception far more complicated—than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on Earth can't approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still don’t know quite how we do it.26. Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in .[A] the use of machines to produce science fiction.[B] the wide use of machines in manufacturing industry.[C] the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work.[D] the elite’s cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work.27. The word “gizmos” (line 1, paragraph 2) most probably means .[A] programs ［B］ experts ［C］ devices ［D］ creatures28. According to the text, what is beyond man's ability now is to design a robotthat can .[A] fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery.[B] interact with human beings verbally.[C] have a little common sense.[D] respond independently to a changing world.29. Besides reducing human labor, robots can also .[A] make a few decisions for themselves.[B] deal with some errors with human intervention.[C] improve factory environments.[D] cultivate human creativity.30. The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are .[A] expected to copy human brain in internal structure.[B] able to perceive abnormalities immediately.[C] far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information.[D] best used in a controlled environment.Text 3Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-1980, when they also almost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices) rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economies—to which heavy industry has shifted—have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand. A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline. The Economist’s commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%, and in 1979 by almost 30%.31. The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is_______[A] global inflation. [B] reduction in supply.[C]fast growth in economy. [D] Iraq’s suspension of exports.32. It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go updramatically if______.[A] price of crude rises. [B] commodity prices rise.[C] consumption rises. [D] oil taxes rise.33. The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries_______.［A］heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive.［B］income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices.［C］manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed.［D］oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP.34. We can draw a conclusion from the text that_______.［A］oil-price shocks are less shocking now.［B］inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks.［C］energy conservation can keep down the oil prices.［D］the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry.35. From the text we can see that the writer seems__________.［A］optimistic. ［B］sensitive. ［C］gloomy. ［D］scared.Text 4The Supreme Court’s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect”, a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients’pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient medication to control their pain if that might hasten death”.George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. “It’s like surgery,” he says. “We don’t call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn’t intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you’re a physician, you can risk your patient’s suicide as long as you don’t intend their suicide.”On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.Just three weeks before the Court’s ruling on physician-assisted suicide, theNational Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report, Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying” as the twin problems of end-of-life care.The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care. “Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering”, to the extent that it constitutes “systematic patient abuse”. He says medical licensing boards “must make it clear...that painful deaths are p resumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension”.36. From the first three paragraphs, we learn that .[A] doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients’pain[B] it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives[C] the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicide[D] patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide37. Which of the following statements its true according to the text?[A] Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients’death.[B] Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery.[C] The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can beprescribed.[D] A doctor’s medication is no longer justified by his intentions.38. According to the NAS’s report, one of the problems in end-of-life care is .[A] prolonged medical procedures [B] inadequate treatment of pain[C] systematic drug abuse [D] insufficient hospital care39. Which of the following best defines the word “aggressive”(line 4, paragraph7)?[A] Bold. [B] Harmful. [C] Careless. [D] Desperate40. George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be punished if they .[A] manage their patients incompetently[B] give patients more medicine than needed[C] reduce drug dosages for their patients[D] prolong the needless suffering of the patientsPart BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)Almost all our major problems involve human behavior, and they cannot be solved by physical and biological technology alone. What is needed is a technology of behavior, but we have been slow to develop the science from which such a technology might be drawn.（41）One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on. Physics and biology once followed similar practices and advanced only when they discarded them. （42）The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find. The environment is obviously important, but its role has remained obscure. It does not push or pull, it selects, and this function is difficult to discover and analyze.（43）The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied. As the interaction between organism and environment has come to be understood, however, effects once assigned to states of mind, feelings, and traits are beginning to be traced to accessible conditions, and a technology of behavior may therefore become available. It will not solve our problems, however, until it replaces traditional prescientific views, and these are strongly entrenched. Freedom and dignity illustrate the difficulty. （44）They are the possessions of the autonomous（self-governing）man of traditional theory, and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements. A scientific analysis shifts both the responsibility and the achievement to the environment. It also raises questions concerning “values”. Who will use a technology and to what ends? （45）Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.Section III Writing46. Directions:Study the following picture carefully and write an essay entitled “Cultures National and International”.In the essay you should1. describe the picture and interpret its meaning, and2. give your comment on the phenomenon.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)An American girl in traditional Chinese costume（服装）第一部分英语知识应用试题解析一、文章总体分析本文主要介绍了计算机的发展对通信革命及人们的生存方式产生的影响。

机械原理考研真题机械原理是机械工程专业的重要课程，考研中也经常会涉及到相关的考题。

在备战考研机械原理考试时，熟悉历年的真题是非常重要的。

下面我们就来看一些机械原理考研真题，希望能对大家的备考有所帮助。

1. 以下哪个是刚体的基本概念？A. 无限小体积。

B. 无限小变形。

C. 无限小位移。

D. 无限小角度变化。

答案，D。

解析，刚体是指在外力作用下，其内部各点之间的相对位置保持不变的物体。

刚体的基本概念包括无限小角度变化，即刚体在受力作用下，各点之间的相对位置不发生变化。

2. 一个物体在水平地面上作匀速圆周运动，下列说法正确的是：A. 物体的速度大小保持不变。

B. 物体的速度方向保持不变。

C. 物体的速度大小和方向均保持不变。

D. 物体的速度大小和方向均不保持不变。

答案，B。

解析，在匀速圆周运动中，物体的速度大小保持不变，但速度方向不断发生变化，因此物体的速度方向保持不变。

3. 一台发动机带动一根直杆作往复运动，下列对直杆的叙述正确的是：A. 直杆的速度在往复运动中保持不变。

B. 直杆的加速度在往复运动中保持不变。

C. 直杆的位移在往复运动中保持不变。

D. 直杆的动能在往复运动中保持不变。

答案，C。

解析，在往复运动中，直杆的位移会不断改变，因此直杆的位移在往复运动中不保持不变。

4. 下列哪个是机械能守恒定律的表达式？A. \(E_k = \frac{1}{2}mv^2\)。

B. \(E_p = mgh\)。

C. \(E = E_k + E_p\)。

D. \(E = constant\)。

答案，D。

解析，机械能守恒定律的表达式为\(E = constant\)，即系统的机械能在运动过程中保持不变。

通过以上的机械原理考研真题，我们可以看到，备考机械原理考试时，需要熟练掌握相关的基本概念和定律，理解其在实际问题中的应用。

希望大家在备战考研机械原理考试时能够顺利通过，取得优异的成绩。

二O 一二年招收硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目及代码： 机械原理 819 适用专业： 机械工程0802可使用的常用工具：直尺，圆规，计算器答题内容写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上一律无效考完后试题随答题纸交回。

考试时间3小时，总分值 150 分。

姓名：报考学科、专业：准考证号码：密封线内不要写题所示机构运动简图中，已知：L＝400mm转动，用瞬心法求机构3的速度v3。

（本小题二O 一二年招收硕士研究生入学考试试题参考答案及评分标准机械原理代码819一、单项选择题（本大题10小题，每题2分，共20分，错选、多选均无分）1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．B二、判断题（正确的打√，错误的打⨯。

10小题⨯2分=20分）1、（⨯）2、（⨯）3、（√）.4、（⨯）5、（√）6、（⨯）7、（√）8、（√）9、（⨯）10、（√）三、分析与简答题（10分⨯4小题 =40分） 1、如图2所示的曲柄滑块机构：（1）曲柄为主动件，滑块朝右运动为工作行程，试确定曲柄的合理转向，并简述其理由；（2分）（2）当曲柄为主动件时，画出极位夹角θ ，最小传动角γ min 。

（4分）（3）设滑块为主动件，试用作图法确定该机构的死点位置；（4分） 解题分析：1．顺时针为合理转向，这是利用机构急回运动特性,并使回程时间比工作时间快一个极位夹角θ的转动时间,节约循环时间。

见题解2图（a ） 2．若滑块为主动件，则AB 1C 1、AB 2C 2为死点位置。

见题解2-2图（a ）解答： 若曲柄为主动件，极位夹角θ如图（a ）所示，最小传动角如图（b ）所示。

2、运动链代号：N 31—012, N 32—002，N 41—0122，画出该运动链的结构图。

变换出一个机构，要求以四元连杆为机架，且机构的执行构件为一个在固定导路上运动的滑块。

解答：运动链结构如图所示。

（5分） 变换的机构根据实际情况判断。

1绪论明确“机械设计”课程在四个现代化中的作用，了解本课程的内容、性质和任务。

2机械及机械零件设计概论了解机械设计的任务和要求，理解设计机器和机械零件时应满足的基本要求和一般程序；掌握机械零件的主要失效形式、设计准则。

重点设计机器的一般程序、机械零件失效形式、计算准则、设计步骤。

要求使学生从总体上建立起机器设计、机械零件设计的总括性的概念，计算准则都是在分析失效形式的基础上建立起来的原则。

3机械零件的强度了解疲劳损伤累积假设的意义及其应用；掌握单向稳定变应力和双向变应力的强度计算方法。

4摩擦、磨损及润滑概述了解摩擦学、干摩擦、边界摩擦、混合摩擦、液体摩擦的概念；机械零件磨损过程、磨损类型；润滑剂及其主要指标；弹性流体动力润滑、流体静力润滑的概念。

掌握流体动力润滑的基本概念及形成条件。

重点摩擦和磨损的分类与机理，形成动压承载油膜的原理。

5螺纹联接和螺旋传动了解常用螺纹的特点和应用。

掌握螺栓组联接的结构设计和受力分析；紧螺栓联接的计算(螺栓仅受预紧力时的计算，螺栓承受预紧力和工作载荷时的计算，螺栓承受工作剪力的计算)；提高螺栓联接强度的措施；螺旋传动的设计计算。

重点在不同外载荷作用下，螺栓组中各螺栓的受力分析。

单个螺栓的强度计算。

难点承受倾覆力矩的螺栓组联接的设计。

6键、花键联接了解键联接的种类、构造特点和应用；花键联接的种类、对中方式、特点和应用。

掌握平键联接的失效形式、设计步骤和尺寸选择方法。

重点键、花键的类型和特点、尺寸选择和强度校核方法。

自学焊接、铆接、粘接的类型、特点及设计。

7过盈配合联接过盈配合联接的工作原理及装配方法；过盈配合联接的设计计算。

8带传动了解带传动的类型、特点和应用；理解和掌握带传动的工作原理和理论基础(带传动的几何关系，带传动的力分析、应力分析，带的弹性滑动和打滑，带传动的最大有效圆周力，带传动的失效分析和设计准则，单根三角带所能传递的功率)；V带传动设计计算。

9链传动链传动的类型特点和应用；链传动的运动特性；链传动的主要参数及其选择：传动比、链轮齿数、链节距、中心距、链条节数等；套筒滚子链传动的设计计算。

机械原理考研真题分布图机械原理考研真题分布图机械原理是机械工程专业的一门重要课程，也是考研的必考科目之一。

考研的路上，我们都希望能够了解到真题的分布情况，以便更好地备考。

下面就让我们来看一下机械原理考研真题的分布图。

首先，我们来看一下机械原理考研真题的年份分布。

根据统计数据，机械原理考研真题的年份分布可以分为三个阶段：2010年以前，2010年至2015年，2015年以后。

在2010年以前的真题中，机械原理的内容主要集中在刚体力学、动力学和振动等方面。

这些题目涉及到刚体的平衡、运动学和动力学等基本原理，考查了考生对刚体力学的掌握程度。

而在2010年至2015年的真题中，机械原理的内容开始增加了弹性力学和流体力学等方面的内容。

这些题目考查了考生对材料的力学性质和流体的力学行为的理解和应用能力。

而在2015年以后的真题中，机械原理的内容进一步扩展到了控制理论和系统动力学等方面。

这些题目考查了考生对控制系统的建模和分析的能力，以及对系统动力学的理解。

接下来，我们来看一下机械原理考研真题的题型分布。

根据统计数据，机械原理考研真题的题型主要分为选择题、填空题和计算题。

选择题是机械原理考研真题中最常见的题型，占据了相当大的比例。

这些选择题主要考查考生对机械原理基本概念和原理的理解和应用能力。

填空题是机械原理考研真题中的另一种常见题型，也占据了一定比例。

这些填空题主要考查考生对机械原理中一些概念和公式的记忆和理解能力。

计算题是机械原理考研真题中比较重要的一种题型，也是考生备考时需要重点关注的题型。

这些计算题主要考查考生对机械原理的应用能力和解决实际问题的能力。

最后，我们来看一下机械原理考研真题的难度分布。

根据统计数据，机械原理考研真题的难度可以分为易、中、难三个级别。

易难度的题目主要考查考生对机械原理基本概念和原理的理解能力，难度相对较低。

中难度的题目主要考查考生对机械原理的应用能力和解决实际问题的能力，难度适中。

机械专业课真题汇总机械原理真题09重庆大学机械原理真题11山东科技大学机械原理真题18华中农业大学机械原理真题2010武汉理工机械原理09山东科技大学机械原理真题19西安电子科技大学机械原理2015西工程机械原理试题及答案解析05年上海理工大学机械原理13年上海理工大学机械原理2010武汉理工机械原理20浙江工业大学机械原理14西安电子科技大学机械原理17西安电子科技大学机械原理18西安电子科技大学机械原理2019浙江理工大学机械设计基础2018浙江理工大学机械设计基础2017浙江理工大学机械设计基础2020温州大学机械原理2009武汉理工机械原理2012河北工业大学机械原理2010北京交通大学机械原理2020南京航空航天大学机械原题真题2020机械原理考研真题及答案（武汉科技大学）2019机械原理真题及答案（武汉科技大学）2018机械原理真题及答案（武汉科技大学）2017机械原理真题及答案（武汉科技大学）2016机械原理真题及答案（武汉科技大学）2015机械原理真题及答案（武汉科技大学）2014机械原理真题及答案（武汉科技大学）2013机械原理真题及答案（武汉科技大学）2012机械原理真题（武汉科技大学）2011机械原理真题（武汉科技大学）2011机械原理真题答案（武汉科技大学）2019杭州电子科技大学机械原题真题2012南京航空航天大学机械原题真题2013东南大学机械原题真题2011东南大学机械原题真题及答案2004福州大学机械考研真题答案2004福州大学机械考研真题2011中国矿业大学机械原理真题2014江苏理工学院机械原理真题A答案2014江苏理工学院机械原理真题A上海理工大学机械06年考研真题笔记（一）上海理工大学机械07年考研真题笔记（二）上海理工大学机械08、10、12、13年考研真题笔记（三）2007河北工业大学机械原理真题答案2007河北工业大学机械原理真题2018西安工业大学机械原理真题2019三峡大学机械原理考研真题2018三峡大学机械原理考研真题2015年南京理工大学机械原理考研真题2019年武汉科技大学机械原理考研真题江苏大学803机械原理样题答案江苏大学803机械原理考试样题2012江苏大学803机械原理考研真题2008江苏大学803机械原理考研真题2006江苏大学803机械原理考研真题2011江苏大学803机械原理考研真题2007江苏大学803机械原理考研真题2009江苏大学803机械原理考研真题2010江苏大学803机械原理考研真题2016年中山大学886机械原理考研真题05合肥工业机械原理17昆明理工机械原理20昆明理工机械原理19昆明理工机械原理机械设计/机械设计基础真题2021扬州大学机械设计真题07江南大学机械设计真题08江南大学机械设计真题07浙江大学机械设计基础真题18广东工业大学机械设计基础真题2016太原科大机械设计基础真题中国科学院大学20机械设计真题15广东工业大学机械设计基础真题07天津工业大学机械设计基础真题11厦门大学机械设计基础真题2012宁夏大学机械考研试题2018浙江理工大学机械设计基础2017宁夏大学机械设计2010西安理工机械设计基础2018山东大学机械设计基础2013深圳大学机械设计基础2007西安交通大学机械设计基础2008西安交通大学机械设计基础2019湖北工业大学机械设计真题2020湖北工业大学机械设计真题2018湖北工业大学机械设计真题20南京工业大学机械设计真题20河海大学机械考研真题及答案2018华侨大学机械设计考研真题2018广州大学机械设计真题答案2018广州大学机械设计真题2016广州大学机械设计真题答案2016广州大学机械设计真题2015广州大学机械设计真题答案2015广州大学机械设计真题2014广州大学机械设计真题答案2014广州大学机械设计真题2020广东工业大学机械设计基础真题答案2020广东工业大学机械设计基础真题2019广东工业大学机械设计基础真题答案2019广东工业大学机械设计基础真题2008西安交通大学机械设计基础真题答案西安交通大学2008年机械设计基础真题2014年江西理工大学机械设计基础考研真题2018年山东大学844机械设计基础考研真题2017年山东大学844机械设计基础考研真题2016年山东大学844机械设计基础考研真题2019年广东工业大学801机械设计基础考研真题2017年华南理工大学856机械设计基础考研真题2018东华理工大学832机械设计考研真题2017东华理工大学832机械设计考研真题2017东华理工大学832考研真题答案2016东华理工大学832机械设计考研真题2016东华理工大学832考研真题答案2011广东工业大学机械设计基础真题2011广东工业大学机械设计基础真题答案华中科技大学2010年机械设计基础真题湘潭大学2013年机械设计基础真题2011宁夏大学机械设计（含机械原理）考研真题厦门大学2012年机械设计基础真题中国科学技术大学2014年机械设计真题材料力学真题2015年南京理工大学材料力学考研真题2014年江西理工大学材料力学考研真题2017年华南理工大学841材料力学考研真题2008年吉林大学材料力学真题答案（资料样板）2020南京航空航天大学材料力学真题理论力学真题2004燕山大学理论力学2015年南京理工大学理论力学考研真题2019年宁波大学理论力学考研真题(B卷)2015青岛理工大学814理论力学考研真题2012南京航空航天大学815理论力学考研真题汽车理论真题2019年武汉科技大学汽车理论考研真题2018年华南理工大学812汽车理论考研真题答案2018浙江工业大学819汽车理论考研真题2019年广东工业大学805汽车理论考研真题2018年华南理工大学812汽车理论考研真题2017年华南理工大学812汽车理论考研真题2016年华南理工大学812汽车理论考研真题液压传动真题2019年武汉科技大学液压传动考研真题流体力学真题2017年华南理工大学836流体力学与传热考研真题2016年华南理工大学836流体力学与传热考研真题每日一题：静平衡的转子( B )是动平衡的，动平衡的转子( A )是静平衡。

2002年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题：机械设计：855#：机械制造及自动化、机械电子工程、车辆工程、机械设计及理论、人机与环境工程、机械工程、材料加工工程一、单项选择（每题2分，共20分）1.受拉螺栓联接若螺栓所受预紧力为F’，在受轴向力工作载荷F时，其剩余预紧力为F’’，则螺栓所受的总拉力F0为_________。

A. F0=F′+FB. F0=F′+F′′+FC. F0=F′+F′′D. F0=F′′+F2.对于受循环变应力作用的零件，影响疲劳强度的主要因素是_________。

A.最大应力B.平均应力C.应力幅D.最小应力3.链传动的瞬时传动比若要等于常数，则它的主要条件是__________。

A.z2=z1B. z2=z1，且中心距a是链节距P的整数倍C.z2=3z1D.大链轮齿数z2是小链轮齿数z1的整数倍4.减速蜗杆传动中，用 _________来计算传动比i是错误的。

A.i=ω1/ω2B.i=d2/d1C. i=n1/n2D. i=z2/z15.花键静联接的强度主要取决于_______强度。

A.齿根剪切B.齿侧接触C.齿根弯曲D.齿侧挤压6.滑动轴承的条件性计算中，限制pv值是为了_________。

A.防止加速磨损B.防止过度磨损C.防止轴承温升过高D.防止出现过大的摩擦阻力矩7.配对齿轮副1、2的工作接触应力σH1，σH2之间的关系为____________。

A.仅节点处σH1=σH2B.任意啮合位置处σH1=σH2C. σH1≥σH2D. σH1≤σH28.齿轮的弯曲强度，当________，则齿根弯曲强度增加。

A.模数不变，齿数增多时B.模数不变，中心距增大时C.齿数不变，模数加大时D.模数不变，齿轮直径加大时9.只承受弯矩而不传递扭矩的轴称为________。

A．心轴 B. 传动轴 C. 转轴10.链传动中链节数Lp宜选为偶数，这是为了_________。

A.不易脱链B.传动速度均匀C.传动的动载荷小D.避免使用过渡链节接头二、是非题（每题2分，共20分）1.平键联接中，键的工作表面是键的上、下表面，它不具有定心好的特点。

北方交通大学2002年研究生入学考试试题考试科目：经济学一、解释下列名词（20%，每小题4分）1．需求的交叉弹性2．扩展线3．科斯定理4．自动稳定器二、简答题（30%，每小题10分）1．简要说明短期生产函数与短期成本函数之间的关系。

2．许多发展中国家往往采取一些措施（如高额关税）来保护本国的幼稚工业，经过一段时间后，保护性措施逐渐取消。

试作图分析这种情况。

3．库兹涅茨关于经济增长因素的分析对我国的经济增长有何意义？三、计算题（20%，每题10分）1．设某公司的短期生产函数为，其中和分别代表一定时间237215Q L L L =+-Q L 内的产量和可变要素投入量。

求：（1）和函数；L MP L AP （2）当时，当由7个单位增加到8个单位时，产量增加多少？7L =?L MP =L （3）投入量为多少时，将开始面临递减？L L MP （4）投入量为多少时，将达到最大？L L AP （5）该公司的最大产量是多少？为达到这个最大产量，的投入量应为多少？ 2．假L 设某经济的消费函数为C ＝160+0.75Y d （Y d 表示可支配收入），税率T ＝0.2，投资I ＝100，政府购买性支出G ＝200（单位均为10亿美元）。

根据以上条件，请求出：（1）均衡收入（2）投资乘数（3）储蓄额四、案例分析（15%）渔船能够进出港湾的唯一时间是在早晨涨潮的时候，大约为六点到七点之间。

实际上，渔船到渔场来回和捕鱼共需要24小时。

渔场率港湾30英里，到渔场来回的时间越短，捕鱼的时间越长，捕到的鱼也越多。

然而，渔船开得越快，用的燃料也越多。

速度和燃料耗费之间的关系是非线性的。

如下表所示：速度（英里/小时）航行60英里所耗燃料（加仑数）610711813916102011251231。