高三英语二轮复习专题一语法填空和短文改错第一讲语法填空随堂训练01121168

语鹅市安置阳光实验学校短文改错项目卷别语篇类型谓语动词非谓语动词名词连词复合句、特殊句式及其他形容词、副词介词、固定搭配冠词、代词、数词2019 全国卷Ⅰ记叙文0 1 2 1 1 2 2 1全国卷Ⅱ记叙文 1 0 1 1 1 4 1 1 全国卷Ⅲ记叙文 1 3 1 0 1 1 1 2 2018 全国卷Ⅰ记叙文 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 全国卷Ⅱ记叙文 3 1 2 0 1 0 1 2 全国卷Ⅲ记叙文 2 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 2017 全国卷Ⅰ记叙文 1 0 1 1 1 2 2 2全国卷Ⅱ记叙文2 1 1 0 13 0 2全国卷Ⅲ记叙文 4 0 0 0 1 2 1 2 总计15 9 10 5 8 19 10 14考情分析高考英语短文改错涉及词汇、语法、句型结构等方面的知识和逻辑情理的推断和综合辨析，是一种在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型。

高考课标全国卷短文改错的体裁以记叙文为主，题材以考生所熟悉的个人生活、学校生活为主。

错误处均为考生平时写作中常出现的错误。

试题大多是加词1个，删词1个，改正8个。

1．五年高考课标全国卷短文改错对动词的考查占相当大比例，其中包括：①时态、语态的错用；②过去分词与过去式的混用；③一般现在时主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词需加“-s”的用法；④情态动词后需加动词原形而非过去式；⑤虚拟语气的考查主要集中在表示“命令、建议、请求、要求”的动词后面宾语从句谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”，且should可以省略；⑥非谓语动词作宾语、状语，且在考查非谓语动词作宾语时主要考查介词后需用动名词作宾语。

2．对名词、代词的考查也是五年高考课标全国卷短文改错的重点之一。

其中包括：①名词单、复数的混用；②名词所有格的错用；③名词构词法；④不按照上下文逻辑导致人称代词、物主代词的误用；⑤不按照语法规则导致主格、宾格、所有格的误用；⑥反身代词的滥用；⑦易混代词的误用，如：both与all；another与other等。

，［学生用书P5］)A(2017 郑州第三次质量预测)Being raised in a family of teachers, I 1. ________________ (get) plenty of chances to connect myself with literature since a young age. So I have many storiesabout me and reading.It was my father who to ok me on the road to reading and made me appreciate2. __________ (it) beauty. When I was a little girl, he bought me a book3. _________ (name)Roma nee of the Three Kin gdoms .I was too young to read this difficult work, so my father explained it to me 4. _________________________ (patient). From then on, I started to enjoy reading books・When I became a middle school student, I began to read some simplified English classics on my own. Sometimes, I would write down my thoughts and 5. _________________ (feel) and share themwith my father. Among all the books that I read during my middle school years, Jane Eyre left the 6. (deep) impression on me. I was having some difficulties with my studies at thattime, 7. __________ Jane Eyre ' s persiste 坚惟()and courage inspired me a lot. Thanks to myreading habit, I man aged 8. _________ (overcome) the difficulties of my studies ・Now, I ' m a senior high school student and very busy with my studies・ But I still keep on reading in my spare time. My mother told me that I should be absorbed 9. _________________________ my studies, but in my point of view, I regard reading as an oasis( 绿洲I) that can make me relax.Recently, I thought about the benefits 10. _________ reading could bring us. Reading canclear our minds and motivate us. In addition, we may broaden our horizons and gain more knowledge through reading. I hope that my story can in spire you to start your own readi ng adve nture.［解题导语］本文主要讲述了作者和阅读之间的故事，鼓励大家多读书。

第二章短文改错高考短文改错题着重考查考生的语言基本功和正确使用英语进行表达的能力。

此题型不仅要求考生牢固掌握一定的词汇和语法知识，还要求考生具有一定的阅读理解和逻辑推理能力。

它是针对考生平时学习英语过程中，尤其是在写作中常犯的错误而设计的，考生在平时写作中常出现的错误是短文改错考查的重点。

近两年全国卷命题视角项目2016 2015Ⅰ卷Ⅱ卷Ⅲ卷Ⅰ卷Ⅱ卷考点分布名词 1 1 1 1 1动词 2 4 2 3 3形容词0 0 2 2 0副词 1 0 1 0 2代词 1 3 2 1 1连词 2 1 0 1 0介词 1 0 1 1 1冠词 1 1 1 1 1从句 1 0 0 0 1 类型错词8 8 8 8 8少词 1 1 1 1 1多词 1 1 1 1 1 [短文改错通常从词法、句法和行文逻辑三个角度设题，要求考生识别并纠正短文中的语言知识错误。

短文改错的错误类型有多词、缺词和错词三种，在文章的10个错误中，以错词设计为主导。

Passage 1(2016·全国Ⅰ卷)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.Though not very big ，but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even had to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time.Instead ，he hopes that our business will grow steady.答案：My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to thatwhere I live. Though not verybig,the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customersat meal times. Some people even hadhave to wait outside. My uncle tells me that thekey to his success is honest honesty . Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables orandhigh quality oil areusingusedfor cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the a short period of time. Instead, he hopes that ourhisbusiness will grow steadysteadily.Passage 2(2016·全国Ⅱ卷)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

第二部分语法精析第一节谓语动词(动词的时态和语态、主谓一致)考向分析题型一关于谓语动词的语法填空Tip 1辨明时态标志词1.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements...(2019·全国Ⅰ)答案have reported解析考查时态和主谓一致。

根据时间状语in recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态，主语为some Inuit people，故填have reported。

2．Irene said，“I don’t see any reason to give up work.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I (make) over the years...”(2019·全国Ⅱ)答案have made解析考查动词的时态。

根据定语从句中的时间状语over the years可知，此处用现在完成时态。

故填have made。

3.Since 2011，the country (grow) more corn than rice.(2018·全国Ⅱ)答案has grown解析考查时态和主谓一致。

由时间状语since 2011可知，句子用现在完成时，主语the country 是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用has grown。

4．The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government(start) a soil­testing program which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011，fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.(2018·全国Ⅱ)答案started解析考查时态。

【关键字】高三语法填空＋短文改错组合练(一)题组(一)Ⅰ.语法填空(2016·石家庄市调研检测)We think that life in Chinese high school is an adventure in which we have to survive mountains of homework and exams. Yet would it be __1__ (surprise) if I tell you that high school life in the US is almost as stressful and demanding as it is in China?In US high school, everything __2__ (record) and graded, including your grades on quizzes, tests and final examinations. Failing __3__ (turn) in your homework on time will directly affect your grade for a certain course. Perhaps contrary to __4__ we used to think of the US high school students, they pay great attention to their __5__ (academy) performance to try to get into distinguished university. __6__，they'll be disappointed after graduation from high school.Like university students, the US high school students have the __7__ (free) to choose the courses that most interest __8__ (they). Even a 9th-grader can sit __9__ the same classroom as 12th-graders. But this also means he or she has to work very hard, because the teacher will not treat him or her differently just because he or she is a few years __10__ (young)．1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________9．________ 10.________Ⅱ.短文改错(2016·山西省四校联考)It was on Sunday so I didn't have to go to school as usually. My parents went to the countryside to see my grandparents, left me alone. After finishing my homework, I began to play football at home. All of a sudden, I kicked the ball so hardly that it flew right onto a vase and broke it. It was great favorite of my mother's. I decided to tell my parents it was the fault of the cat for fear that she should punish me. Therefore, when they got home, I hesitated for a moment and told them that truly happened. Instead of punishing me, they just hoped that I will never make so a foolish mistake again.题组(二)Ⅰ.语法填空(2016·福建省普通高中毕业班质检)Make your home a safer placeYou probably think that your home is the one place where you are safe. That's what I thought until last week. Now I know our flat is full of accidents waiting __1__ (happen). Next month we'll look __2__ my niece and nephew while their parents go away for __3__ short break. We will ask them to come and make sure that everything is __4__ (total) OK. All of us will get a few __5__ (surprise)．We start in the spare bedroom, in __6__ the children will sleep. Everybody knows you shouldn't put children's beds under a window in case a child __7__ (try) to climb out. Next is the bathroom. We keep our medicines on a shelf above the washbasin. Never leave medicines where children can find __8__ (they). They might think they are sweets. Finally, the kitchen. This is the most __9__ (danger) room in the house. Knives should __10__ (keep) in drawers which children can't reach, and all cleaning liquids in high cupboards. So we have three weeks to make our house safe. It's not difficult ... once you know how to do.1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________9．________ 10.________Ⅱ.短文改错(2016·合肥市质检)My school holds a sports meeting in every October. We all looked forward to it, for it is a time for us to reduce stress and it always brings us lots of unforgettable memories. It usually last for three days, during which time we have no classes. All the student go to the playground to watch or joining in games. The part I like most is the relay race. With race going on, our excitement grows. All of them yell out “come on”to the athletes, watching them competing aggressive. The most breathtaking moment is that the athletes are getting to the finishing line. Somebody can tell who is the winner until the last minute.题组(三)Ⅰ.语法填空(2016·东北三省四市教研联合体模拟)Love, wealth and opportunities — parents today do __1__ (they) best to leave possessions for their kids, __2__ they are rich or poor. But Mark Zuckerberg, the founder and CEO of the social media giant Facebook, has something __3__ (large) in mind.On Dec. 1, Zuckerberg, 31, announced the birth of his first child and the start__4__ the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, __5__ organization for helping people in need.__6__ (make) the world a better place for their kids to grow up in, Zuckerberg said he and his wife, Priscilla Chan, would give away 99 percent of their Facebook shares __7__ now are worth about $45 billion (about 288 billion yuan) to good causes.However, the shares will not be donated to the organization immediately, but over the course of the couple's lives.The __8__ (announce) was presented as a letter __9__ (write) by the couple to their new baby girl, Max.According to the letter, the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative __10__ (help) to realize “human potential” and “equality for all children in the next generation”．1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________9．________ 10.________Ⅱ.短文改错(2016·郑州市第二次质检)Have you ever been to Wuzhen? It is so beautiful a village that I had already visited it many times. Locating in Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, it has a history of about 6,000 years. Like many small towns in the southern area, which has a lot of small bridges going through clean streams.Local people live in old houses, they are very friendly. During the day, you can walk or sit on a boat to enjoying the natural scenery along the stream. The scene at night is attractively as well. There are all kinds of round and square light. Every time I look at the pictures for which I took, I will remember the water, the bridges and the houses.I love an amazing water country!题组(四)Ⅰ.语法填空(2016·广州市综合测试一)There once was a forest filled with happy animals. One day a raccoon (浣熊) found some socks left behind by picnickers, and __1__ (decide) to wear them. They fitted so well, and felt so __2__ (comfort), that he kept them on. He spent his days __3__ (walk) through the forest in his new socks.Other animals became envious of the raccoon's new look and followed his trend. First it was squirrels in __4__ (shirt), then rabbits __5__ hats on, and finally birds wearing underpants!Doctor Bear, the forest physician, disapproved and tried to warn the clothes wearers. __6__ no one listened. Instead, they urged him to follow thelatest trend too.Soon, the problems started. A squirrel caught his shirt on a branch and crashed to the ground. A rabbit tried entering his hole while __7__ (wear) his hat and got stuck. Even the raccoon, thanks to his bright coloured socks, slipped into the river and almost died.When the __8__ (injure) animals came to see Doctor Bear, he told them, “Your clothes are killing you. You don't need __9__.”Those __10__ listened to the doctor's advice finally understood they didn't need clothes. They'd only started wearing clothes to make others envy them.1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________9．________ 10.________Ⅱ.短文改错(2016·长春市质检)Last week, there was a program calling “Learning to Respect Our Parents” in our school. That is known to us that respect for one's parents is one of Chinese traditional moral value. And most students nowadays are “the only child”. We often think of themselves as the centre of their family.As for the program, eight “dos” have worked out for the students to follow. For an example, we are advised to remember our parents' birthdays. Beside this, it is necessary that we should also tell our parents what we are going to do when we go out. The program has been such successful that it has been high praised by many people.语法填空＋短文改错组合练(一)题组(一)Ⅰ.语法填空语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。

位敦市安定阳光实验学校语法填空＋短文改错组合练(二)题组(一)Ⅰ.语法填空(2016·四校模拟二)A recent study shows that most adults did household chores __1__(active) when they were young. Most kids today do not do as many household chores as before, __2__ same study shows.An expert said, “Parents today want their kids to spend more time __3__ things that can bring them money and honour. They have stopped __4__(do) the one thing that has proven to bring success. That is doing household chores.”Another study finds that compared with the kids __5__ didn't do household chores, young adults beginning chores at ages 3 and 4 were more likely __6__(succeed). They had better family relationships, did better in school, performed better at work and were more independent.Personal happiness __7__(say) to come from strong relationships. It begins by learning to be kind and __8__(help) to their parents at home.If your kids say they have to skip chores because it's time they __9__(deal) with their homework, you'd better not let them off the hook. If you do, your child may think grades are more important than caring about others. “What may seem like small __10__(message) at the moment add up to big ones over time，” says an expert.1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________9．________ 10.________Ⅱ.短文改错(2016·第二次诊断性检测)Last Friday, I was standing near a subway exit, tried to call a taxi. But no luck. Then I thought of thetaxi booking app my friend has recommended and I booked a taxi through my cell phone. Soon it came, and I stepped in, feeling pretty proudly of my high tech way and satisfied with the convenience brought by the app. So later, I was upset to find that the driver was busy looking his cell phone to get the next order. It was just then when I began to worry about my safety. What's bad, the driver's informations might be unreliable. How can we passengers' legal rights be protecting if something bad happens? So be careful when you use the taxi booking app the next time.题组(二)Ⅰ.语法填空(2016·陕教学质检二)I drove to a local supermarket the other day. My shopping list was long and my wallet was light. Still, I needed to get a week's food for my family. I parked my car, looked down at my list, and hoped I __1__ pay for it all.As I walked into the door, I saw a man with kind __2__ (eye) and a gentle smile. He said he was __3__ (collect) for a local food bank that helped to feed the hungry in my area. He handed me a second shopping list of things they could use and asked me to help if I could. I smiled back, took the list and walked into the store. I really wanted to help, __4__ wasn't sure if I could this time.I walked through the store, picking up vegetables, soup, spaghetti, bread, milk, cereal, macaroni, bananas, and a dozen other things. I slowly marked each item (项) off my list until I was done. When I looked down at my full cart (购物车) I wondered again __5__ I even had enough to pay for it all. Then, as I put my own list back into my pocket, I saw the food bank list under it. I smiled and __6__ (decide) to trust my heart.With the food bank in mind, I went over and picked up two of the biggest boxes of rice the store had and put __7__ (they) in my cart. It took another six dollars out of my wallet to pay for them, but my heart felt six times __8__ (large) when I did. And when everything was added up, I had just enough to pay for it all.It takes so little to make our world a better place. A few dollars can help to fill a __9__ (child) hungry stomach. __10__ (kind) can change another's day and life. It is up to us, though. We can save a few dollars on rice, or we can share love that will last forever.1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________9．________ 10.________Ⅱ.短文改错(2016·联盟)It was the Christmas. I saw a 7­ and 8­year­old boy wearing a man's overcoat it covered him from neck to toe. The sleeve of the coat were cut short casual to match the boy's arm length. I went to the nearby shop. As I had a son with the same age, I knew the size. A few moments later, I buy a nice pair of trousers, with a matching overcoat. Wore Santa's hat, I went away and gave the new clothes to the boy. Theunexpected joy on face thrilled me. Unplanned charity brings a strange sense of contentment that money can never buy.题组(三)Ⅰ.语法填空(2016·第一次质检)Sammy Armstrong was driving to his office when he __1__ (notice) a car was stuck on railroad tracks. Then he heard a train whistle. Sammy threw down his sunglasses and keys and ran toward the car. __2__ elderly man, Jean Papich, eighty­four, sa t in the driver's seat, __3__ (turn) the key and hitting the gas. His wife, Marion, seventy­eight, was looking __4__ (nervous) at him. Then Sammy walked __5__ the car and pushed it forward, but his boots slipped on the warm asphalt (沥青). He could see the train approaching fast.It might be __6__ (easy) to push the car backward, Sammy thought. He ran around to the front of the vehicle and shouted at Jean __7__ (put) the car in neutral (空挡)．Sammy could feel the ground trembling under his feet. He put his boots against the track and pushed forcefully. Finally, the car rolled off the tracks. When Sammy looked up, the train was just a couple of __8__ (foot) away. Sammy, shocked and __9__ (speech), went back to work as crowd gathered at the scene.Weeks later, Ma rion called to thank Sammy. He responded, “I just did __10__ I had to do.”1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________9．________ 10.________Ⅱ.短文改错(2016·考试)Dear Ms. Helen，I am pleasing to offer you the position of after­sales manager in our company starting on 16 June, 2016. You were given the right to discuss this offer and to seek advices on the attached proposed agreement with your family, a lawyer, or someone else you trust. Unless you want some information on your employment rights, you can also contact the Employment Service Office or visiting our website.Also, if you disagree this offer or wish to clarify something in it, please ring myself to discuss any issue you wish to raise.If you are happy with the proposed terms and wish to accept an offer of employment, please sign this letter and return it to me by 1 June, 2016. In case of I have not heard from you by that date, this offer willbe automatical withdrawn.Li Hua题组(四)Ⅰ.语法填空(2016·八市高中质量检测)The Pacific OceanThe Pacific Ocean is the __1__ (large) of the Earth's oceans, covering about 46% of the Earth's water surface and 32% of its total surface area. It extends __2__ the Arctic in the north to the Antarctica in the south, __3__ (surround) by Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east.The Pacific Ocean contains about 25,000 islands. The __4__ (major) of them are found south of the equator. __5__ water near the equator is less salty than that found in the midlatitudes (中纬度) for __6__ (abundance) equatorial precipitation (赤道降水) throughout the year.The surface circulation of Pacific waters is __7__ (general) clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counter clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.The exploitation of the Pacific's mineral wealth is various, __8__ is influenced by the ocean's great depths. In shallow waters off the coasts of Australia and New Zealand, natural gas is produced, and pearls __9__ (harvest) along the coasts of Australia, Japan and the Philippines. One more thing worth __10__ (mention) is that the Pacific's greatest wealth is its fish.1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________9．________ 10.________Ⅱ.短文改错(2016·质检)This evening I went to Jim's house to sing with some of my good friend, and we really had a happily time.It was because of I got a bad score in the math exam that I had been in low mood for the whole afternoon. But finally, I accepted Jim's invitation. It was the first time that I have sung with my friends. All my friends enjoy singing, while I didn't dare show my voice. I was afraid I couldn't sing well. After a while, my friends noticed this. With our encouragement, I picked up the microphone and sang an English song, which name is I believe I can fly. With the song went on, I cheered up and recovered my confidence gradual.语法填空＋短文改错组合练(二)题组(一)Ⅰ.语法填空语篇解读：本文是说明文。

语鹅市安置阳光实验学校第一节语法填空A(2019·郑州四校联考)Can you imagine making a structure (结构体) out of toothpicks that is strong enough 1.____________ (hold) up a student's desk? I can't. But because of such a school project Stan Munro2.____________ (throw) into his career as a “toothpick engineer” years ago.One winter break in primary school, my brother's schoolwork was writing thank­you notes while 3.____________ (I) was making a hut out of toothpicks! Facing a pile of toothpicks, I still remember I was totally at 4.____________ loss what to do next. Under some guidance of my father, I started the 5.____________ (pain) task. Finally, the countless toothpicks became a whole structure with everything 6.____________ (stick) together by glue. Though the process took a lot of patience and was rough for me, there were no words to describe the sense of7.____________ (proud) after finishing it. Importantly, that helped me find I was better at other things, like writing and playing the piano.8.____________ Stan Munro, I wasn't born to be a toothpick engineer!Isn't it great that the school provides us with the chance to try different things, 9.____________ gets us to discover our unknown talents? It's amazing to find what we try in school helps us figure out what we 10.____________ (true) want to do when growing up.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。