Book 5_U1_重点词汇讲解

Unit1 Great scientists学习目标重点词汇conclusion; attend; cure; absorb; blame; link; announce小词简析重点短语put forward; apart from; be strict with；make sense；make+名词重点句型1. every time +从句2. suggest + 从句3. so... that知识讲解重点词汇conclusion【原句回放】Draw a conclusion 得出结论【点拨】conclusion n. 结论，结束I found the conclusion of the TV series was very amazing.我觉得那个电视剧的结尾很令人惊讶。

No conclusion should be drawn before all the facts are buttoned down. 所有事实弄清楚之前不能得出结论。

注意相关短语：draw/ reach/ make/ come to/ arrive at a conclusion得出结论bring sth. to a conclusion 使结束in conclusion 最后，总之I’ve come to the conclusion that he’s not the right person for the job. 我断定他不适合做这项工作。

In conclusion, I’d like to say I’ve enjoyed staying here so much.总之，我想说我在这里过得非常愉快。

【拓展】co nclude vt. & vi. 使结束；推断出The doctor concluded that his disease was cancer. 医生断定他的病是癌症。

Let me conclude my speech with a saying: where there is a will, there is a way.让我用一句谚语结束我的讲演：有志者，事竟成。

人教版高考英语BOOK 5 UNIT 1 词汇知识清单1.Draw / come to / reach / arrive at a conclusion得出结论In conclusion总之conclude... with.. 用……结束……2.Make an analysis of...对……进行分析...Analyse分析analytical分析的analysis分析3.Be infected with被感染Infectious传染的infection 传染，感染4.be defeated by 被打败Suffer a heavy / narrow defeat遭遇惨败/惜败5.Attend the meeting出席会议Attend school / college / lecture / church上学/上大学/上课/做礼拜Attend the patient照顾病人Have something more important to attend to有更重要的事情要处理6.Expose your skin to the sun将皮肤暴露在阳光下Expose yourself to the unique culture让自己接触独特的文化Be expose to deadly viruses暴露在致命的病毒下，接触致命病毒Expose暴露exposure n.暴露7.Cure sb of sth治愈某人的疾病，改掉某人的恶习Find a cure for the disease找到治疗这种疾病的方法Cure sb of one’s bad habits改掉某人的坏习惯Cure治愈curable可治愈的incurable不可治愈的8.Outbreak爆发Break out / in / into / up / down / away / away from爆发，逃脱/闯入，打断/闯入，崩溃/解散/机器故障，身体衰弱/挣脱/与……脱离关系9.fall victim to air pollution成为空气污染的受害者10.inquire about your advertisement posted on the Internet查询你在网上登的广告unch an inquiry into the accident对事故展开调查12.severe weather / punishment恶劣的天气/严厉的处罚13.be severely damaged in the war在战争中被严重破坏14.take sth seriously认真对待某事15.under investigation正在调查中16.make / issue an announcement发布公告17.under construction在建设中18.constructive advice建设性意见19.be responsible for ...对...负责20.shoulder one's responsibility承担责任21.be positive about...在...方面很积极,对……有信心22.be strict with sb in sth在……方面对...严格要求23.a revolutionary breakthrough一个革命性的/全新的巨大的突破24.a backward country / child一个落后的国家/发育滞后儿童25.move backwards and forwards前后移动，来回运动26.in private亲自地27.in public公开地28.be enthusiastic about...对...充满热情29.have no enthusiasm for study对学习没有热情30.be cautious about...小心...31.handle the machine with great caution32.put forward提出put off the meeting推迟会议put up with his bad temper忍受他的坏脾气put out the fire把火扑灭put away your toys把你的玩具收起来put aside your prejudice抛开你的偏见put down放下，写下，镇压33.challenge the conclusion质疑结论challenge his authority挑战他的权威a challenging task有挑战性的任务34.absorb nutrients from the soil从土壤中吸收养分absorb information / knowledge获取信息/获取知识be deeply absorbed in全神贯注，沉浸在absorbed him completely完全吸引了他35.be blamed for因...被指责be to blame for应该对……负责36.remove the handle from the water pump从水泵上取下手柄handle the machine操作机器handle data / complicated situation / crisis / stress / complaints处理数据/处理复杂情况/处理危机/处理压力/处理投诉a handful of coins / people一把硬币/一小撮人Your hotel is very handy for the university你的旅馆去大学很方便37.Each link that makes up a chain构成链条的每个环节a link between smoking and lung disease吸烟与肺病的关联be closely linked to / with与…有密切联系38.instruct children about road safety对儿童进行道路安全教育Install the machine according to the manufacturer's instruction.按照制造商的说明书安装机器。

Book 5 Unit 1 Great Scientists1. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus. with this extra evidence 有了这个额外的证据；with certainty肯定地，有把握地在句中作状语，相当于副词.that 引导宾语从句polluted 过去分词作定语2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.terrified 过去分词作定语every time 短语充当连词作用，还有the moment/ minute /second; the first / second …last time; immediately/instantly/ directlyeg: The first time I went abroad I could hardly understand what the foreigners said.The moment I saw him, I knew what had happened.3. It seemed that the water was to blame.be﹢动词不定式，可以表示该做或不该做的事。

be to blame 应该负责；应受责备eg: No one is to leave this building without the permission of the police.Y ou are not to drop litter in this park. 公园里不许乱丢垃圾。

Who is to blame for the fire?Who is to be responsible for this?4. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.only ﹢加状语放于句首时，主句用部分倒装。

Book5-Unit1 Great ssientists重点单词、词组整理Book5-Unit1 Grea重点单词、词组整理1．defeat /dI′fiːt/ vt.打败；战胜；使受挫；n.失败2．attend /ə′tend/ vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加3．expose /Ik′spəʊz/ vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光4．cure /kjʊə/ n．治愈；痊愈；vt.治愈；治疗5．challenge /′tʃælIndʒ/n．挑战；vt.向……挑战6．absorb /əb′zɔːb/ vt.吸收；吸引；使专心7．suspect /sə′spekt/ vt.认为；怀疑；/′sʌspekt/ n．嫌疑犯8．blame /bleIm/ vt.责备；谴责；n.过失；责备9．pollute /pə′luːt/ vt.污染；弄脏10．handle /′hændl/ n．柄；把手；vt.处理；操纵11．link /lIŋk/ vt. n．连接；联系12．positive /′pɒzətIv/ adj.积极的；肯定的；确实的13．reject /rI′dʒekt/ vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃14．/ˌsaIən′tIfIk/ adj.科学的→．科学15．conclude /kən′kluːd/ vt. vi.结束；推断出→conclusion n．结论；结束16．analyse /′ænəlaIz/ vt.分析→analysis n．分析17．announce /ə′naʊns/ vt.宣布；通告→annou．通告18．instruct /In′strʌkt/ v t.命令；指示；教导→instruction n．说明；指示19．contribute /kən′trIbjuːt/ vt. vi.捐献；贡献；捐助→contribution n．贡献20．enthusiastic/InˌθjuːzI′æstIk/ adj.热情的；热心的→enthusiasm n．热情Ⅱ.重点短语识记1．put forward提出2．draw a conclusion得出结论3．ex使显露；暴露4．be to blame for该为……受责备；应为……承担责任5．l将……和……连接或联系起来6．apart from除……之外；此外7．(be)with...对……严格的8．ma讲得通；有意义Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵1．Nauure was understood.人们不知它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。

Unit1单元知识点回顾Ⅰ重点单词1．characteristic n．特征；特性character n.人物；汉字；特征；性格2．painter n.画家；油漆匠paint v t. 给……上油漆n.油漆journalist新闻工作者4．conclude v. 结束；推论；推断(1)conclude (sth.) with sth./by doing sth.以/做……结束(某事)conclude sth. from... 从……推断出……conclude (from sth.) that... (从……)推断……to conclude＝in conclusion 最后(2)conclusion n.结论；结束draw/arrive at/come to/reach a conclusion 得出结论5．analyse v t. 分析analysis n.分析；解析6．infect v t. 传染；感染infectious adj. 传染的7．defeat v t. 打败；战胜；使受挫n.失败8．expert adj. 熟练的；经验或知识丰富的n.专家；行家9．attend v t. 照顾；护理；出席；参加attend (on/upon) sb.照顾某人attend to 处理；致力于attend a meeting/a lecture/school 参加会议/听讲座/上学10．physician n.医生；内科医师【构词】后缀-ian名词，……地方的人，……的专家常见词：Egyptian埃及人musician音乐家11．expose v t. 暴露；揭露；使曝光(1)expose sb./sth. to...使某人/物接触；暴露于……be exposed to 暴露于；接触(2)exposure n.暴露；揭露；曝光12．deadly adj. 致命的adv.非常地，极端地13．cure n.治愈；痊愈v t. 治愈；治疗(1)a cure for sth.医治某种病的疗法(2)cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的病；改掉某人的坏习惯14．outbreak n.爆发；发作(尤指疾病或战争)15．challenge n. 挑战 v t . 向……挑战(1)face the challenge 面对挑战 accept/take up a challenge 接受挑战 (2)challenge sb. to do sth. 向某人挑战做某事 (3)challenging adj. 有挑战性的 16．victim n. 受害者17．absorb v t . 吸收；吸引；使专心(1)absorb one ’s attention 吸引某人的注意 absorb oneself i n... 全神贯注于…… (be) absorbed i n... 全神贯注于……18．suspect v t . 认为；怀疑 n. 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯 suspect sth./that... 怀疑…… suspect sb. to be... 怀疑某人是……suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做过)某事 19．neighbourhood n. 附近；邻近20．severe adj. 严重的；剧烈的；严厉的 severely ad v . 严重地，剧烈地21．pump n.泵；抽水机 v t . (用泵)抽(水) 22．foresee v t . (foresaw, foreseen) 预见；预知23．investigate v t .&v i .调查 investigation n. 调查 24．blame v t . 责备；谴责 n. 过失；责备 (1)blame sb. for sth. 因某事责备某人 blame sth. on sb. 把某事怪到某人头上 be to blame （for sth ） 该受责备(2)take/accept/bear the blame for 对……负责 25．pollute v t . 污染；弄脏 pollution n. 污染26．handle n. 柄；把手 v t . 处理；操纵 27．germ n. 微生物；细菌 28．link v t .&n. 连接；联系 link...to 把...和...联系起来29．announce v t . 宣布；通告 announcement n. 通告，宣告 make an announcement 宣布 announcer n. 播音员，广播员(1)⎭⎪⎬⎪⎫announce sth. to sb.announce to sb. sth.announce to sb. that...向某人宣布……30．certainty n. 确信；确实with certainty 确信 certain adj. 一定的，确信的31．instruct v t. 命令；指示；教导(1)instruct sb. to do sth. 指示某人做某事instruct that... 命令/指示……(2)instruction n.教训；指示；用法说明(常用复数)instructive adj. 有教育意义的32．responsible adj. 有责任的；负责的responsibility n.责任；职责33．construct v t. 建设；修建construction n.建设；建筑物under construction 在建筑中34．contribute v t.&v i. 捐献；贡献；捐助(1)contribute...to...把……贡献给……；投稿contribute to 有助于；导致；为……撰稿(2)contribution n.贡献；捐助make a contribution to 对……作贡献35．creative adj. 有创造力的；创造性的；独创的create v. 创造36．co­operative adj. 合作的co­operation n.合作37．positive adj. 积极的；肯定的；确实的negative adj. 消极的38．enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的enthusiasm n.热情39．cautious adj. 小心的；谨慎的caution n.小心；谨慎40．reject v t. 拒绝；不接受；抛弃rejection n.拒绝；不接受；厌弃41．universe n.宇宙；世界Ⅱ重点短语1．put_forward 提出；推荐put aside储存；不考虑；放下正做之事put away 把……收拾好put off 推迟；清除put through 接通(电话)put up 张贴；举起；建造2．draw_a_conclusion 得出结论3．expose...to... 使显露；使暴露4．be_to_blame 该受责备；应负责5．link...to/with... 将……和……联系或连接起来6．look_into 调查7．slow_down 减速；减缓8．apart_from 除……之外；此外in addition to除……之外还……besides 除……之外还……9．(be)_strict_with... 对……严格的be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格10．lead_to 通向；导致11．make_sense 讲得通；有意义make sense of理解；明白make no sense 没有道理12．be_responsible_for 对……负责13．make_room_for 为……腾地方Ⅲ重点句型1．neither...nor...既不……也不……Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.There is no doubt that neither computers nor robots can take the place of human beings completely.毫无疑问电脑和机器人都不能完全代替人类。

一. 词性变化1. characteristic n. 特征特性----- character n. 性格; 特点; 字母; 角色;2. painter n. 画家油漆匠----- painting n. 绘画; 油画;--- paint v. 描绘; 绘画; 化妆;3. scientific adj.科学的---- scientist n.科学家----science n.科学4. conclude v. 断定，得出结论---- conclusion n. 结论; 结局; 断定5.analyse v 分析----analytic adj. 解析的; 分解的; 善于分析的;6.defeat v 打败战胜---- defeatist n. 失败主义者---defeatism n. 失败主义7. attend vt. 出席，参加;照顾护理---attendance n. 出席，参加;8. deadly adj 致命的----dead adj. 死的;----death n. 死亡;--- die v 死9. absorb vt. 吸收------ absorbable [əbˈsɔ:bəbl]adj. 可吸收的，容易被吸收的;10. suspect vt.; 怀疑--- suspectable adj. 可疑的，有嫌疑的11. severe adj. 严重的严峻的; 严厉的;----- severely adv. 严格地; 严重地;12.investigate vt. 调查; 审查; 研究;---- investigation n. 调查，研究13. blame vt. 指责，责怪; --- blameless adj. 无罪的，无可指责的，清白的;14. pollute vt. 污染; 玷污--- pollution n. 污染15. announce vi. 宣布---- announcement n. 通告; 宣布16. certainty n. 确定，确实性---- certain adj.必然的; 已确定的;--- certainly adv. 无疑; 当然; 确定; 肯定;17. instruct v. 教导命令----instruction n. 指示，用法说明----instructive adj.有益的，教育性的18 .responsible adj. 尽责的; 承担责任的---responsibility n. 责任; 职责; 责任感19. construct vt. 修建，建造; ----construction n. 建筑物; 建造;20. c ontribute v．捐助，贡献；----contribution n. 贡献，捐赠，捐助21.positive adj. 积极的，肯定的;---positivity [ˌpɒzɪ'tɪvɪtɪ]n. 积极性---negative adj. 消极的，22. private adj. 私有的，私人的;---- privately adv. 私下地秘密地23. bright adj. 明亮的，鲜亮的; 聪明的; --- brightness n. 亮度; 明亮; 光泽度24.enthusiastic adj.热心的，热情的---enthusiasm n.狂热，热情----enthusiast n. 热心者; 热衷于…的人25. reject vt. 拒绝; 抛弃--- rejection n. 拒绝;I.词语辨析1). character/characteristic n.character 性格，品质（本身具有的）；角色，人物；字体characteristic 特点，特征（区别于其他事物）【练习】选择character 或characteristic 并用其适当的形式填空1）He proved himself true gentleman and the beauty of his _______ was seen at its best when he worked with others.2）People living in the city are different from those in the countryside in _________ . 3）What are the __________that distinguish the Chinese from the Japanese?4）Chinese __________ attract a great number of foreigners all over the world.3) cure/ treat 治疗，cure 表示治愈的结果treat 表示治疗的过程After being ________ for such a long time, the wound ___________ at last.4) blame/ scold 责备blame 责备；谴责责备；责怪”，（常与on或upon连用），scold 斥责”、“责骂”指大声呵斥，责备，唠唠叨叨地说，常用于长辈对晚辈1）Don't _______ it on him, but on me.2）The parents ______ the naughty boy and asked him to leave the home at once.5) reject /refuse 拒绝reject 后接名词，（含对被抛弃的东西不屑一顾）refuse 后接名词，动名词，或refuse to do sth 可表“谢绝”【练习】选择refuse 或reject 并用其适当的形式填空1）The Christian Church ________ his theory, saying it was against God’s idea.2）I can’t stand working with Jane in the same office. She just ________to stop talking while she works.重点词汇1. conclude vi.终结；结束; 推断；决定1）The meeting concluded at ten o'clock. 会议于十点钟结束。