专业英语八级模拟人文知识测试(三十六)

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷39(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．______is a poet highly regarded for his realistic depictions of rural life and his command of American colloquial speech.A．Walt WhitmanB．Henry Wadsworth LongfellowC．Robert FrostD．Philip Freneau正确答案：C解析：Robert Frost是新英格兰诗歌的代表人物，他的诗歌往往从日常生活人题，意味深远。

知识模块：人文知识2．______is NOT one of the 20th century American poet.A．Robert FrostB．Carl SandburgC．e. e. cummingsD．Emily-Dickinson正确答案：D 涉及知识点：人文知识3．______is considered a landmark and a model of the 20th century poetry.A．The Waste LandB．The Anthology Des ImagistsC．Red WheelbarrowD．A Boy’s Wish正确答案：A解析：《荒原》一诗开创了现代主义诗歌，诗歌中表现出来的“荒原意识”对20世纪的许多美国作家都有深远的影响。

知识模块：人文知识4．______is a poem by William Carlos Williams that centered in an in-depth look at the process of modernization and its effects.A．PatersonB．Red WheelbarrowC．The Widow’s Lament in SpringtimeD．Sour Grapes正确答案：A 涉及知识点：人文知识5．“The fog comes/On little cat feet” is quoted from Fog, written by______, a typical imagist poem.A．Hilda DoolittleB．Carl SandburgC．Ezra PoundD．William Carlos Williams正确答案：B 涉及知识点：人文知识6．Chicago Poems and The People, Yes are the most important collections of poems by ______, the leading character of the Chicago School.A．T. S. EliotB．Wallace StevensC．e e cummingsD．Carl Sandburg正确答案：D 涉及知识点：人文知识7．“in just-/spring when the world is mud-/luscious the little/lame balloonman”is most probably quoted from the poem of______.A．T. S. EliotB．Hilda DoolittleC．William Carlos WilliamsD．e e cummings正确答案：D解析：这段诗没有大写字母，正是卡明斯诗歌的重要特征。

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷100(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．Ernest Hemingway puts forward a famous principle in literary writing, which isA．the Principle of Realism.B．the Principle of the Iceberg.C．the Principle of Naturalism.D．the Principle of Expressionism.正确答案：B解析：海明威提出了著名的“冰山原理”(The Principle of the Iceberg)。

知识模块：人文知识2．______ is the representative work of the Lost Generation.A．This Side of ParadiseB．The Great GatsbyC．The Sun Also RisesD．A Farewell to Arms正确答案：C解析：《太阳照常升起》是美国20年代“迷惘的一代”(Lost Generation)的代表作。

知识模块：人文知识3．All the following works feature the “Stream of Consciousness” EXCEPTA．The Sound and the Fury.B．The Winter of Our Discontent.C．Lie Down in Darkness.D．To the Lighthouse.正确答案：B解析：《烦躁的冬天》(The Winter of Our Dis-content)是约翰·斯坦贝克(John Steinbeck)的作品，他是经济大萧条时期最杰出的小说家，不是“意识流”流派。

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷35(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．______is NOT written by Charles Dickens.A．Oliver TwistB．David CopperfieldC．Great ExpectationsD．The Mill on the Floss正确答案：D解析：The Mill on the Floss是George Eliot的作品。

知识模块：人文知识2．Vanity Fair is written by______.A．Charles DickensB．William Makepeace ThackerayC．Thomas HardyD．John Galsworthy正确答案：B 涉及知识点：人文知识3．Joseph Conrad is the author of______.A．Heart of DarknessB．Jude the ObscureC．Agnes GreyD．Ivanhoe正确答案：A 涉及知识点：人文知识4．Besides Howards End, E. M. Forster wrote another famous novel,______.A．A Passage to IndiaB．The Forsyte SagaC．The History of Henry EsmondD．Silas Marner正确答案：A 涉及知识点：人文知识5．Tess of the D’Urbervilles is considered the best novel of______.A．Thomas HardyB．George EliotC．Charles DickensD．Walter Scott正确答案：A 涉及知识点：人文知识6．______is NOT written by a female novelist.A．Pride and PrejudiceB．IvanhoeC．Jane EyreD．The Mill on the Floss正确答案：B解析：Ivanhoe是Walt Scott的作品。

专业英语八级考试人文知识模拟试题1. The population of the United States is a bit more than 272 million, about 13% of which are Black, 12 % are Hispanic(讲西班牙语的人)，4% are Asian and the rest are White Americans.2. It is the third most populous country in the world after China and India.3. The most populous states are California, Texas, New York, Florida and Illinois.4. More than 80% of Americans live in urban areas.稳固：按照人口数量排列，美国在世界排在第几位;按照面积排，美国又是排第几位呢?1. Christmas is usually connected toA the reunion of a large familyB the eating of Easter eggsC the resurrection of ChristD the forgiving of other’s sins2. The largest of the ethnic minorities in America isA the blacksB the Mexico-AmericansC the Spanish-AmericansD the Chinese3. The British establish colonies along the east coast of North American between 16.7 and 1733.A 11B 12C 13D 144. The largest university in Canada isA Laval UniversityB The University of TorontoC McGill UniversityD Simon Fraser University5. Robinson Crusoe is written byA Henry FieldingB Daniel DefoeC Samuel RichardsonD Jonathan Swift6. is written by Walt Whitman.A Representative MenB English TraitsC NatureD Leaves of Grass7. is not a novelist.A Henry JamesB Emily DickinsonC William Dean HowellsD Mark Twain8. is not one of the core branches of linguistics.A PhonologyB Psycho-linguisticsC SyntaxD Semantics9. is the mon factor of the three sounds:[p], [t], [k]A voicelessB spreadC voicedD nasal10. English consonants can be classified into stops, fricatives, nasals, etc, in terms ofA manner of articulationB openness of mouthC place of articulationD voicing。

大学英语考试专业英语八级TEM8模拟题2020年(136)(总分100,考试时间155分钟)翻译题1. 1.如果说构想，这就是我们的构想。

2. 2.那是动乱的第二年吧，我被划进了“黑帮”队伍里。

我在那长长的“黑帮”队伍里倒不害怕，最怕的就是游斗汽车开到自己家门口，这一招太损了。

嗨，越害怕还越有鬼，有一次汽车就真的开到了家门口。

那八旬的老母亲看见了汽车上的我，嘴抖了几抖，闭了眼睛，扶着墙，身子像泥一样瘫了下去。

妻子竟忘了去扶持母亲，站在那儿，眼睛都直了，跟个傻子一般。

3. 3.早年的艰辛生活磨炼了范仲淹坚忍不拔的毅力和不计利害得失、心怀天下的胸襟。

他一生仕途坎坷，几度遭贬。

他的朋友藤子京被贬岳州(今湖南岳阳)，重修岳阳楼，写信请他为岳阳楼写篇记，尽管那时范仲淹在政治上遭到很大的打击，被贬在邓州，身体欠佳，但他还是答应了藤子京的要求，在邓州的花洲书院挥毫撰写了著名的《岳阳楼记》。

4. 4.历史证明，在科学发展的进程中，一些杰出人物个人的作用不可忽视。

杰出的科学家，既为人类物质文明做出贡献，也以自己高尚的道德情操，为人类的精神文明留下宝贵的财富。

爱因斯坦在评价居里夫人时说过，一流人物的道德品质对于时代和历史进程的意义，也许超过其才智成就。

中国科学院院士是国家设立的科学技术方面的最高学术称号，具有崇高的荣誉和学术上的权威性。

5. 5.得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道。

一旦隔离，拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里，我顿感打入冷宫，十分郁郁不得志起来。

一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。

我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界一片繁华，自己的哥姐、堂表弟兄也穿插其间，个个喜气洋洋。

一霎时，一阵被人摒弃、为世所遗的悲愤兜上心头，禁不住痛哭起来。

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷34(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．Robinson Crusoe is written by______.A．Henry FieldingB．Samuel RichardsonC．Lawrence SterneD．Daniel Defoe正确答案：D 涉及知识点：人文知识2．______is a poet of the 18th century.A．Alexander PopeB．John MiltonC．Edmund SpenserD．John Donne正确答案：A解析：Alexander Pope是新古典主义的代表人物。

知识模块：人文知识3．Gulliver’s Travels is written by______.A．Jonathan SwiftB．Henry FieldingC．Daniel DefoeD．Lawrence Sterne正确答案：A 涉及知识点：人文知识4．______is a representative figure of neo-classism.A．Alexander PopeB．John BunyanC．James BoswellD．Lawrence Sterne正确答案：A 涉及知识点：人文知识5．The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy is written by______.A．Daniel DefoeB．Jonathan SwiftC．Lawrence SterneD．Samuel Richardson正确答案：C解析：《项狄传》(The Life and Opinions of Tris—tram Shandy)被认为是“世界文学中最典型的小说”。

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷99(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．All of the following are written by Nathaniel Hawthorne EXCEPTA．Fanshawe.B．Walden.C．The Scarlet Letter.D．The Blithedale Romance.正确答案：B解析：《瓦尔登湖》(Walden)是梭罗(Henry DavidThoreau)的作品。

知识模块：人文知识2．According to the theory of______, literature must be true to life and exactly reproduces real life, including all its details without any selection.A．RealismB．RomanticismC．NaturalismD．Aestheticism正确答案：C解析：自然主义(Naturalism)追求绝对的客观性．崇尚单纯地描摹自然，着重对现实生活的表面现象作记录式的写照。

知识模块：人文知识3．The works of all the following writers feature Naturalism EXCEPTA．Frank Norris.B．Stephen Crane.C．Jack London.D．Mark Twain.正确答案：D解析：马克·吐温(Mark Twain)是乡土文学的杰出代表。

1 What country is known as the Land of Maple Leaf？A United States of AmericaB United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandC New ZealandD Canada2 The national anthem国歌of Canada is ____A Canada The BeautifulB O CanadaC God Defend CanadaD Advance Canada Fair3 The capital city of Canada is ____A MontrealB TorontoC AlbertD Ottawa4 According to the Official Language of Act of Canada，there are two official language in this country：they are____A English and SpanishB English and PortugueseC English and FrenchD English and Celtic5 Canada is a world ____producer of nickel镍，zinc锌，and asbestos 石棉……A primaryB secondC thirdD fourth6 The highest peak山峰in Canada is ____，which is the Yukon Territory of northwest Canada.A Mount LawrenceB Mount SuperiorC Mount Logan洛根峰6050米D Mount Huron7 St. Lawrence and River Columbia are shared by both ____A America and MexicoB America and CanadaC America and CubaD America and Brazil8 Apart from Paris，France，Montreal is regarded as the largest____city in the world，known as “Paris the Second”.A Spanish-speakingB Portuguese-speakingC German-speakingD French-speaking9 ____，the third largest city in Canada，is well known as Ice-Free Harbor.A Montreal second largestB Quebec魁北克;largest provinceC Toronto largesrD Vancouver温哥华10 Canada is the world‘s ____country in terms of land area.A largestB second largestC third largestD fourth largest11. ____is the core of the English Government.A the Sovereign 君主B the House of Lords上议院C the House of CommonsD the Cabinet内阁12. Melbourne is located ____A in CanadaB in New ZealandC in IrelandD in Australia13. ____forced Nixon to resign in 1973.A The Watergate Scandal 水门事件B The Iran-Gate ScandalC The Un-American Activities CommitteeD The New Right14. The young people in the post-WWI era are referred to a s “_____”A the Boom GenerationB the Lost GenerationC the YuppiesD the Cowboys15. ____was greatly influenced by Chinese and Japanese poetry.A Ezra Pound艾兹拉·庞德B WaltWhitmanC Robert Frost 罗伯特D Edgar Allan Poe艾伦.坡16. Which of the following novels was NOT written by Charles Dickens?A David Copperfield 大卫-科波菲尔B The Pickwick Papers皮科维克传C Oliver Twist 雾都孤儿D Women in Love 恋爱中的女人—劳伦斯17. A myth is a ____ tale originally with religious significance that explains the actions of gods or heroes, the causes of natural phenomena or both.A non-fictionalB fictional虚构C gothic 哥特式，野蛮的D poetic18. The force of a/an ____ act is identical with the speak er’s intention.A illocutionary 语内表现行为的B locutionary非语内表现行为C perlocutionary 言语表达效果D prelocutionary19.Saussure distinguishes the linguistic competence of the speaker as ____A paroleB languageC systemD langue （与parole“言语”相对）20. The noun “tear” and the verb “tear” are ____A homophonesB homographsC complete homonymsD allophones21 Which poem is not written by Freneau弗伦诺?A The British Prison ShipB The Wild Honey SuckleC The Indian Burying GroundD The Flood of Years似水流年布莱恩特22Thomas Jefferson’s attitude ,that is , a firm belief in progress, and the pursuit of happiness, is typical of the period we now call _____.A Age of EvolutionB Age of Reason理性时代C Age of RomanticismD Age of Regionalism23 Which of the following is NOT one part of the Leather Stocking Tales by Cooper?A The SpyB The Pathfinder探险者C The Pioneers 拓荒者D The Deerslayer杀鹿者24 Which statement about Thoreau梭罗is NOT right?A He was a lover of nature.B He was particular kind of romantic.C He was polemicist辩论家.D He was a thorough transcendentalist先验论者.梭罗崇尚自然生活简单，与世无争，不入尘嚣25 Which of the following has been called “the manifesto宣言of American Transcendentalism先验论” ?A Divinity School AddressB Self-relianceC NatureD The American Scholar26 As a philosophical and literary movement, _____ flourished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War.A sentimentalism感情主义B transcendentalism 超验主义C modernismD rationalism理想主义27 The period before the American Civil War is generally referred to as _____.A the Modern PeriodB the Realistic PeriodC the Romantic PeriodD the Naturalist Period28 All the following are the works by Nathaniel Hawthorne EXCEPT_____.A The Marble Faun玉石雕像卷B Typee泰比Herman Melville（BILLY BUDD比利·巴德）C The Scarlet Letter 红字D Mosses from an Old Manse古屋青苔29 Which of the following is not a work of Emily Dickson’s?A I Heard a Fly Buzz when I Died.B The Raven大乌鸦C This is My Letter to the World.D I Like to See it Lap the Miles.30 Whitman’s poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT ____.A the strict poetic formB the free and natural rhythmC the easy flow of feelingsD the simple and conversational language惠特曼的诗自由、清新、琅琅上口、易于理解，但并不是按照严格的格律来写31 How many members are there in the House of Commons下议院?A 650B 524C 72D 65132 Which of the following people didn’t use to be the British PrimeMinister?A Margaret ThatcherB Winston ChurchillC Horatio NelsonD John Major33 By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed _____ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.A Prime MinisterB Member of ParliamentC Lord of appealD Speaker of the House在英国，按照传统，多数党的领导人由君主任命为首相，首相从本党内部挑选一些领导人担任各部部长职位。

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷60(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．When any of the maxims under the cooperative principle is flouted, ______ might arise.A．impolitenessB．contradictionsC．mutual understandingD．conversational implicatures正确答案：D解析：人们并不总是严格遵守合作原则的准则，且有时故意违反它们，正是对这些准则的公然违反才产生了会话含义(Conversational Implicature)，即言听双方通过有意识地违反这些准则，使话语变得间接或委婉，或表达更为隐晦的含义。

知识模块：语言学2．______ is the act performed by or resulting from saying something; it is the consequence of, or the change brought about by the utterance.A．A locutionary actB．An illocutionary actC．A perlocutionary actD．A performative act正确答案：C解析：言后行为是由言说某话语而引起的后果或变化，是话语在听者身上产生的效果，故选C。

言语行为理论中的Performative指“施为句”，但没有D “performativeact”的概念。

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷47(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．According to Austin, which of the following utterances can be regarded as a constative?A．I apologize.B．I name this ship the Queen Elizabeth.C．I declare the meeting open.D．He has killed a tiger.正确答案：D解析：说A选项的同时就是在道歉；说B的同时就是给船命名；说C的同时就是宣布会议开始；而D是陈述性的。

知识模块：人文知识2．“I will buy you a house. “ is a______.A．directiveB．commissiveC．expressiveD．declaration正确答案：B解析：“I will buy you a house．”是承诺，属于承诺性言语行为(commissive)，表达说话人对未来的活动做出承诺，保证、允诺、发誓等属于该类。

知识模块：人文知识3．“The earth goes around the sun. “ is a______.A．directiveB．commissiveC．expressiveD．representative正确答案：D解析：该句陈述了一个事实，属于阐述性言语行为(representative)，是说话人对认为真实的事物做出陈述或描写，陈述、认为属于该类。

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷46(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．The sense relationship between “color” and “yellow” is______.A．hyponymyB．homonymyC．polysemyD．synonymy正确答案：A解析：黄色是颜色的一种，所以二者是上下义关系。

知识模块：人文知识2．Componential analysis is a method applied in the field of______.A．syntaxB．semanticsC．pragmaticsD．morphology正确答案：B解析：成分分析法是语义学研究的一种方法。

知识模块：人文知识3．A.The mayor of Manchester is a woman.B.There is a mayor in Manchester. What is the semantic relation of these two sentences?A．EntailmentB．PresuppositionC．ContradictionD．Tautology正确答案：B解析：如果我们说A预设(presuppose)B，是指B是A成立的先决条件，从逻辑上讲，如果A为真，则B必定为真；如果A为假，则B仍然为真。

该题中，A句“曼彻斯特的市长是女士”如果是真的话，则B句“曼彻斯特有市长”则一定是真；即使A句是假，即“曼彻斯特的市长不是女士”，那么B句依然成立，因为只有曼彻斯特有市长，才能讨论其是男是女。

大学专业英语八级考试模拟试题PART ⅠLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.Non-Verbal Communications Across CulturesNon-verbal communications can affirm, complement or even contradict what is being verbally transmitted. In addition to this, non-verbal communications vary from country to country.Ⅰ. Gesture—Pointinga) Pointing with a single finger is considered 1 in Asiab) American people use 2 fingers to pointc) German people use pinky to pointd) In UK, flashing a peace sign with the back of one's hand is an3 of flipping someone the bird—Greetinga)USA: 4b) Somewhere else: a kissⅡ. Eye Contact—West: direct eye contact is 5—African-Americans: more eye contact when speaking, less when listening—Anglo-Americans: 6 African-Americans—Northern Europe: more flirtatious facets—Middle East: prolonged eye contact means to show 7—Some Asian countries: avoiding eye contact means to show 8Ⅲ. Physical Contact—Americans will shake hands, 9 , upon encountering someone—Islamic cultures: 10 is not allowed—Asian cultures: touching the head is considered 11 the soulⅣ. 12—Some cultures think Americans do not bathe 13—Some think Americans over-bathe themselvesⅤ. Time—14 is highly valued in Switzerland, Germany and Sweden—Europeans: 15 of vacation is the norm—Americans: 2 weeks is the normSECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear TWO interviews. At the end of each interview, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interviews and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.16、A. He never feels road rage when he is out driving.B. He sometimes is aggressive when he is out driving.C. He manages to stay in the car when he feels road rage.D. He always tries to keep away from minor accidents.17、A. 68%. B. 23%. C. 40%. D. 50%.18、A. Around 13,333-20,000. B. Around 13,333-26,666.C. Around 20,000-26,666.D. Around 26,666-40,000.19、A. Drivers lose their cool and change lanes carelessly.B. Drivers lock their vehicle and refuse to leave the highways.C. Drivers get angry at other motorists and move into physical confrontation.D. Drivers aggressively pursue other cars with their own and smash into them.20、A. It involved a father of two. B. The father was shot.C. The father changed lanes carelessly.D. The father refused to get out of the car.21、A. A super flexible body.B. A tremendously strong body.C. An independent personality with strong will power.D. A peaceful mind.22、A. Because we feel healthy enough.B. Because they are less important than making money.C. Because they cause no visible impact on our daily routine.D. Because we are feeling tired and have no time to exercise.23、A. It was caused by yoga exercise. B. Yoga helped alleviate it.C. It was caused by cardio exercise.D. Yoga helped exacerbate it.24、A. Because yoga provides stress relief. B. Because yoga is easy.C. Because yoga is fashionable.D. Because yoga is cool.25、A. They are good for all people. B. They are as good as yoga.C. They may not be suitable for old people.D. They help lose weight.PART ⅡREADING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE26When I was 10 years old one of my father's customers had caught a bigcatfish on a weekend trip to the Colorado River. It weighed 86 pounds, a swollen, gasping, grotesque netherworld creature pulled writhing and fighting up into the bright, hot, dusty world above.27The man had brought the fish, wrapped in wet burlap, all the way out to my father's service station in the back of his car. We were to have a big barbecue that weekend, and I was given the job of keeping the fish watered and alive until the time came to kill and cook it.28All day long that Friday—in late August, school had not yet started—I knelt beside the gasping fish and kept it hosed down with a trickle of cool water, giving the fish life one silver gasp at a time, keeping its gills and its slick gray skin wet: the steady trickling of that hose, and nothing else, helping it stay alive. We had no tub large enough to hold the fish, and so I squatted beside it in the dust, resting on my heels, and studied it as I moved the silver stream of water up and down its back.29The fish, in turn, studied me with its eyes, which had a gold lining to their perimeter, like pyrite. The fish panted and watched me while the heat built all around us, rising steadily through the day from the fields, giving birth in the summer-blue sky to towering white clouds. I grew dizzy in the heat, and from the strange combination of the unblinking monotony and utter fascination of my task, until the trickling from my hose seemed to be inflating those clouds—I seemed to be watering those clouds as one would water a garden. Do you ever think that those days were different—that we had more time for such thoughts, that time had not yet been corrupted? I am speaking less of childhood than of the general nature of the world we are living in. If you are the age I am now—mid-50s—then maybe you know what I mean.30The water pooled and spread across the gravel parking lot before running in wandering rivulets out into the field beyond, where bright butterflies swarmed and fluttered, dabbing at the mud I was making.31Throughout the afternoon, some of the adults who were showing up wandered over to examine the monstrosity. Among them was an older boy, Jack, a 15-year-old who had been kicked out of school the year before for fighting. Jack waited until no adults were around and then came by and said that he wanted the fish, that it was his father's—that his father had been the one who had caught it—and that he would give me five dollars if I would let him have it.32"No," I said, "my father told me to take care of it."33Jack had me figured straightaway for a Goody Two-Shoes. "They're just going to kill it," he said. "It's mine. Give it to me and I'll let it go. I swear I will," he said. "Give it to me or I'll beat you up."34As if intuiting or otherwise discerning trouble—though trouble followed Jack, and realizing that did not require much foresight—my father appeared from around the corner, and asked us how everything was going. Jack, scowling but saying nothing, tipped his cap at the fish but not at my father or me, and walked away.35"What did he want?" my father asked.36"Nothing," I said. "He was just looking at the fish." I knew that if I told on Jack and he got in trouble, I would get beaten.37"Did he say it was his fish?" my father asked. "Was he trying to claim it?"38"I think he said his father caught it."39"His father owes us $67," my father said. "He gave me the fish instead. Don't let Jack take that fish back."40"I won't," I said.41I can't remember if I've mentioned that, while not poor, we were right at the edge of poor.42The dusty orange sky faded to the cool purple-blue of dusk. Stars appeared and fireflies emerged from the grass. I watched them, and listened to the drum and groan of the bullfrogs in the stock tank in the field below, and to the bellowing of the cattle. I kept watering the fish, and the fish kept watching me, with its gasps coming harder. From time to time I saw Jack loitering, but he didn't come back over to where I was.43Later in the evening, before dark, but only barely, a woman I thought was probably Jack's mother—I had seen her talking to him—came walking over and crouched beside me. She was dressed as if for a party of far greater celebration than ours, with sequins on her dress, and fiat leather sandals. Her toenails were painted bright red, but her pale feet were speckled with dust, as if she had been walking a long time. I could smell the whiskey on her breath, and on her clothes, I thought, and I hoped she would not try to engage me in conversation, though such was not to be my fortune.44"This's a big fish," she said.45"Yes, ma'am," I said, quietly. I dreaded that she was going to ask for the fish back.46"My boy and my old man caught that fish," she said. "You'll see. Gonna have their pictures in the newspaper." She paused and stared at the fish as if in labored communication with it. "That fish is worth a lot of money, you know?" she said.47I didn't say anything. Her diction and odor were such that I would not take my first sip of alcohol until I was 22.PASSAGE TWO26Improving the balance between the working part of the day and the rest of it is a goal of a growing number of workers in rich Western countries. Some are turning away from the ideals of their parents, for whom work always came first; others with scarce skills are demanding more because they know they can get it. Employers, caught between a falling population of workers and tight controls on immigration, are eager to identify extra perks that will lure more "talent" their way. Just now they are focusing on benefits (especially flexible working) that offer employees more than just pay.27Some companies saw the change of mood some time ago. IBM has more than 50 different programmes promoting work-life balance and Bank of America over 30. But plenty of other firms remain unconvinced and many lack the capacity to cater to such ideas even if they wanted to. Helen Murlis, with Hay Group, a human-resources consultancy, sees a widening gap between firms at the creative endof employment and those that are not.28The chief component of almost all schemes to promote work-life balance is flexible working. This allows people to escape rigid nine-to-five schedules and work away from a formal office. IBM says that 40% of its employees today work off the company premises. For many businesses, flexible working is a necessity. Globalization has spread the hours in which workers need to communicate with each other and increased the call for flexible shifts.29Nella Barkley, an American who advises companies on work-life balance, says that large firms are beginning to understand the value of such schemes, "but only slowly". For most of them, they still mean little more than child care, health care and flexible working.30Yet some schemes go well beyond these first steps. American Century Investments, an investment manager in Kansas City, pays adoption expenses and the cost of home-fitness equipment for its employees. Rob Marcolina, a consultant with Bain & Company based in Los Angeles, was allowed time off to marry his partner in Canada. Mr Marcolina, who has an MBA from the high-ranked Kellogg business school, says his employer's understanding makes him want to be "part of Bain for some time".31Businesses have other good reasons for improving employees' work-life balance. Wegmans Food Markets, a grocery chain based in Rochester, New York, frequently appears near the top of lists of the best employers in America. It has a broad range of flexible-work programmes, which gives it one of the lowest rates of employment turnover in its industry—8% a year for full-tinge workers, compared with 19% across the industry.32Simple programmes can be surprisingly cost-effective. IBM, for instance, is spending $50m over five years on "dependant-care" facilities for its employees. Although that sounds generous, it is the equivalent of little more than $30 for each IBM employee every year. That is far cheaper than a pay rise and probably a better way to retrain talented mothers and fathers. Ernst & Young, a global accounting firm, has a low-cost range of initiatives called "People First". It provides breaks for people to provide care and has over 2,300 flexi-time employees in the United States. James Freer, a senior executive, says he is "absolutely convinced" the initiatives help produce better financial results.33DeAnne Aguirre, a mother of four and a senior partner in San Francisco with Booz Allen Hamilton (BAH), says "it is easy to make the business case" for work-life balance programmes at the consultancy by looking at attrition rates. BAH calculated that it was investing more than $2m in turning a raw recruit into a partner, an investment it should be reluctant to write off. Coming, an American glass company, reckons that it costs 1.5 times a worker's salary and benefits to replace him. If it can retain just 20 workers a year who would otherwise have left, Corning reckons it would produce annual savings of $2.6m.34The spread of flexible work has come about at least partly as a result of initiatives to keep women workers. Companies have had to offer extended periods of leave for them to look after dependants (young and old), and flexible working inbetween. At BAH, women partners take an average of eight-and-a-half extended breaks during their careers. Men take an average of one-and-a-half. Ernst & Young, keen to show that part-time workers can also become partners, recently made the first such appointment in Houston, Texas.35Some of these initiatives are spreading even to the castles of binge working, such as investment banks. Business schools are now climbing on the bandwagon, too. In October Tuck School at Dartmouth, New Hampshire, will start a course on returning to corporate life after an extended absence. Called "Back in Business", the 16-day, $12,000 re-entry programme is open only to students with "'work experience in a high-potential career".36The majority will inevitably be mothers wanting to rejoin the workforce. But fathers are also asking for sabbaticals (公休假). Work-life balance "is not just a women's issue" any more, says Ted Childs, who is in charge of workforce diversity at IBM. "Men, too, are very concerned about it."37The demand is being stoked by the "Generation Y", the tmder-28s. They look sceptically at the idea of lifetime employment within a single organisation and they are wary of the commitment they believe too often drove their parents to the divorce courts. Hay's Ms Murlis says that today's business-school graduates are "looking for a workstyle to go with their lifestyle", not the other way round. They are happy to binge-work for a while, but in return want extended sabbaticals.38Many of the more imaginative schemes come from organisations that are not under pressure to report quarterly to Wall Street. Wegmans and American Century Investments are family-controlled businesses and the big accounting firms and consultancies, such as Ernst & Young, KPMG, Bain and BAH, are partnerships. This allows them to take a longer-term view of growth and costs.39To some extent, the proliferation of work-life-balance schemes is a function of today's labour market. Companies in knowledge-based industries worry about the shortage of skills and how they are going to persuade talented people to work for them. Although white-collar workers are more likely to be laid off nowadays, they are also likely to get rehired. Unemployment among college graduates in America is just over 2%. The same competition for scarce talent is evident in Britain.40For some time to come, talented people in the West will demand more from employers, and clever employers will create new gewgaws to entice them to join. Those employers should note that for a growing number of these workers the most appealing gewgaw of all is the freedom to work as and when they please.PASSAGE THREE26The blind, overweight patient in the wheelchair has terrible pain in her back and burning pain in her legs. She also has advanced arthritis in her knees and end-stage circulatory disease, which have left her with two useless legs that are red, swollen and infected. Now her shoulder has started to hurt. She can't raise her arm to comb her hair. Five or six other things are wrong with her—she tells me about each. Some we can help; most we can't. I tell her as much.27In my office, she listens carefully. I hardly ever have to repeat myself with Doris (not her real name). She asks questions—mostly good ones. She needs lots oftests, various therapies. I ultimately recommend an operation on her shoulder. Sick, weakened by multiple symptoms and with lousy insurance, Doris is—surprise—a really good patient. She communicates efficiently with her doctors and treats us with respect and trust. She has reasonable expectations. I can tell she looks things up, but her knowledge is helpful—never challenging. I've talked about her with other doctors, and we agree on this: when you see Doris' name on your day's list, you know you're going to work hard. But you're usually glad her name is there.28Few patients realize how deeply they can affect their doctors. That is a big secret in medicine—one doctors hate to admit. We think about, talk about, dream about our patients. We went into clinical medicine because we like dealing on a personal, even intimate level with people who have chosen to put their bodies in our hands. Our patients make or break our days.29Take the compliment. Our career choice means we really do think that you —with your aches and pains—are more interesting than trading hot securities, more fun than a courtroom full of lawyers. Massaging the ego is the key to manipulating responsible types like doctors. When we feel your trust, you have us.30The most compelling reasons to be a good patient are selfish ones. You will get more than free drug samples if your doctor is comfortable and communicates easily with you. You'll get more of the mind that you came for, a mind working better because it's relaxed—recalling and associating freely, more receptive to small, even unconscious clues. That means better medical care. But you should try to be a good patient for unselfish reasons too. We worry about you 60 hours a week. We gave up our 20s for you. Why not show us some love? It's not hard.31The medical relationship is intrinsically one-sided. It's about you and your problem. I am going to find out more about you in the next 20 minutes than you will find out about me. Don't fret about that. We don't expect you to ask much about us. Good patients answer questions accurately and completely. They ask questions too.32But many patients talk too much. You might notice that we are writing when we see you—we are creating your chart. We need specific facts but not every fact in your life. Here's a classic exchange:33How long has your shoulder hurt, Beatrice? "Oh, for quite some time now." But for how long? How many months? "Oh, at least since the wedding—well, then again it did act up a bit when Margaret came back from Ireland..."34All I want to do is write something like "Right shoulder, 6 months, no trauma" on my chart. Although I lack the heart to tell her, Beatrice would be a better patient if she tried to be a bit more concise. There are lots of Beatrices.35Here's another classic:36"Well, I don't need to have good mariners—I'm sick—and I'm not going to be a patsy for some smooth talker in a white coat. The squeaky wheel gets the grease, you know."37That is the mind-set of many patients who abuse their doctors; my bet is they abuse other people as well. Any good doctor knows when you're too sick to be polite and will let it roll off his back. The squeaky wheel we don't like is the one playing a dominance game. That big wheel is likely to get a shorter, less sensitiveexamination and more tests, and then still more tests to follow up the abnormalities in the first tests, followed by extra consultations with specialists—anything to relieve the doctor's responsibility for a bad patient.38Are doctors good patients? Others may disagree, but I think they are. Medical terms don't faze them, so communication is easier, and their expectations tend to be more reasonable. Anyone in medicine is painfully aware that there are plenty of problems for which we have no good answer. Nurses tend to be even better patients, being adept at following doctors' orders—a virtue lacking in doctors.39Doctors and nurses also know when to respect an educated opinion. When the MRI says one thing and I want to do another, they are more likely to be on my side. But you need not be a medical professional, or educated at all, to be a great patient. It's pretty much the same strain of human decency— a truthful consideration of who the people around you are and of what they are trying to do—that infects a good patient and any good person.26、The author's behavior of guarding the fish showed (PASSAGE ONE.A. bravery and serf-control.B. wisdom and responsibility.C. devotion and romance.D. chivalry and charity.27、From the fourth paragraph, we get the impression that (PASSAGE ONE.A. the author cherished his childhood memories.B. the author spent much time in daydreaming.C. the author may not have a happy childhood.D. the author can't remember his childhood days.28、"Jack had me figured straightaway for a Goody Two-Shoes." (Paragraph Eight) means that (PASSAGE ONE.A. I was not the boy as Jack supposed to be.B. I was much stingier than Jack thought.C. I was viewed as virtuous and righteous.D. I was irritating and foolish in Jack's eyes.29、It can be inferred from the passage that Jack was all EXCEPT (PASSAGE ONE.A. cunning.B. bad-tempered.C. rude.D. considerate.30、Employees tend to demand more from their employers because (PASSAGE TWO)A. they always give priority to their work.B. they are pursuing a more balanced lifestyle.C. they are equipped with special skills.D. they focus on benefits rather than salary.31、The current situation about the work-life balance problem is that (PASSAGE TWO)A. many companies launch varying programmes for the problem.B. most companies are ready to take effective solutions.C. companies are at two extremes in solving the problem.D. most companies are indifferent to the problem.32、IBM is cited as an example in the third paragraph to show that (PASSAGE TWO)A. IBM has many different programmes enhancing work-life balance.B. the tendency of large firms to improve employee's work-life balance.C. flexible working includes allowing employees to work outside offices.D. flexible working is adopted to meet the new demand of communication.33、Which of the following is NOT the cause for the spread of flexible work? (PASSAGE TWO)A. Low turnover rate.B. Initiatives to stabilise workforce.C. General thirst for talents.D. Labour force competition.34、The word gewgaws in the last paragraph probably means (PASSAGE TWO)A. jewelry.B. positions.C. strategies.D. payment.35、The first two paragraphs in the passage (PASSAGE THREE.A. cite an example as a hook to start the issue.B. bring out the theme with strong argument.C. provide ways to deal with the issue.D. introduce the issue with an extreme case.36、The expression "massaging the ego" in Paragraph Four most probably means (PASSAGE THREE.A. affecting doctors deeply.B. praising doctors sincerely.C. showing interest in doctors.D. staying in touch with doctors.37、The benefit for one to be a good patient is that (PASSAGE THREE.A. his doctor will be receptive to all clues.B. his doctor will undercharge him for medicine and operation.C. he can get free drug samples and better care.D. he can get more time to talk with his doctor.38、If one intends to become a good patient, he should learn (PASSAGE THREE.A. to find out more about his doctor.B. to respect both doctors and nurses.C. to become as unselfish as possible.D. to accurately follow his doctor's orders.39、The text is mainly about (PASSAGE THREE.A. what makes a good patient.B. how deeply patients can affect their doctors.C. the relationship between patients and doctors.D. the most significant reasons to be a good patient.40、SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short answer questions based on tire passages in SECTION A. Answer each question in NO more than 10 words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Why did the author water the fish? (PASSAGE ONE.41、What created the towering clouds? (PASSAGE ONE.42、Why did the author hope Jack's mother not to engage him in conversation? (PASSAGE ONE.43、What do the examples of American Century Investments and Bain & Company in Para.5 show? (PASSAGE TWO)44、Why does IBM invest money for employees? (PASSAGE TWO)45、What are the characteristics of today's business-school graduates? (PASSAGE TWO)46、What does the first classic exchange show? (PASSAGE THREE.47、What might happen to the big wheel style patients? (PASSAGE THREE.PART ⅢLANGUAGE USAGEThe passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided atthe end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a "∧" sign and write the wordyou believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash "—" and put the word in the blankprovided at the end of the line.For centuries, immigrants have come to America seeking thepromise of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Some camefleeting religions persecution. Others came for the possibility of a 48better life. But all were inspired by the freedoms that exist in theUnited States because of the rule of law.Throughout our history, immigrants have contributed toAmerican society and help build the American dream. But today 49 we face with an immigration crisis. Lax enforcement of our 50immigration laws threatens the promise of life, liberty, and thepursuit of happiness that has made America that it is today. In 51order to protect the American dream, we must enforce ourimmigration laws.According to a report by the Government AccountabilityOffice, only 44 percent of the U.S.-Mexico border is under the"operational control" of the U.S. Border Patrol. Forty-four percentis a failure grade. Holes in the security of our borders threaten 52American lives. The first promise of the American dream is "life."In order to protect that promise, we must secure the U.S.-Mexicoborder.We must also do more to prohibit Americans from criminal 53illegal immigrants. Despite the Obama administration has 54increased the deportation of criminal immigrants, two SupremeCourt rulings created a safe haven for dangerous criminalimmigrants who can be removed. Because these rulings prohibit 55 criminal immigrants from detained longer than six months 56when they cannot be deported, federal officials have been forced to 57。

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷31(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．The two most important parties in New Zealand are______.A．the National Party and Labor PartyB．the Alliance and New Zealand FirstC．the National Party and the AllianceD．the Alliance and Labor Party正确答案：A解析：新西兰两大主要政党为国民党和工党。

知识模块：人文知识2．Which of the following countries is unicameral in its parliamentary system?A．BritainB．New ZealandC．IrelandD．Canada正确答案：B解析：新西兰的议会为一院制，即只有众议院没有参议院。

知识模块：人文知识3．Among the sports in Canada,______is the sport which Canadians usually enjoy playing most.A．skiingB．basketballC．ice-skatingD．ice hockey正确答案：D解析：加拿大人最热爱的运动是冰球。

知识模块：人文知识4．In Canada, each province is governed under a______and a single elected legislative chamber.A．premierB．governorC．governor generalD．speaker正确答案：A解析：加拿大各省权力掌握在省长和一院制的省立法机关手中。

【精品】英语专业八级人文知识模拟题十套.doc3 l.The capital of Wales is ______ .A.HrminghamB. ElinburghC. GirdiffD. Belfast32.Which is the highest rank among the tides of English nobility?A.EirlB. DikeC. MirqueesD. Ehron33. _____ w ere originally called Yankees, which came to stand for all Americans.A.People living in New EnglandB.People living in New York cityC.People living in FloridaD.People living by the Mississippi river34.The oldest university in Ireland is ______ .A.Dublin UniversityB. Dublin City UniversityC.St- Patrick CollegeD. the National University35.The Victorian Period refers to _____ .A. 1798-1832B. 18361901C. The Romantic PeriodD. the Neoclassical Period36.T. S. Eliotts _____ i s considered as a model of the 20thcentury English poetry.A.Poems 1909-1925B.Prufrock and Other ObservationsC.The Waste LandD.The Hollow Men37.“The Fat her of American Literature^ is ____ .A. Benjamin RanklinB. Washington IrvingC. Mark TwainD. Earnest Hemingway38.Which of the following is a back vowel?A. iB. wC. uD. e39._____ c an be used independently without being combined with other morphemes.A. Free morphemesB. Bound morphemesC. StemsD. Affixes4O.Systemic?functional grammar is developed by ___ .A. Chomsky B? Hilliday C.Bloomfield D. Shussure31.【答案C】加的夫是威尔士的首府.是一个具有高生活水平和多样经济的国际化城市，号称英国第七大城市。

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷120(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．The 1954 Nobel Prize for literature was awarded to______ for his “mastery of the art of modern narration”.A．William FaulknerB．John SteinbeckC．Saul BellowD．Ernest Hemingway正确答案：D解析：1954年海明威凭借《老人与海》获诺贝尔文学奖。

诺贝尔文学奖评委称其具有“现代叙述艺术的精湛技巧”。

知识模块：人文知识2．______ was Edmund Spenser’s masterpiece which has been regarded as one of the great poems in the English language.A．AmorettiB．The Shepherd’s CalendarC．The Faerie QueeneD．Four Hymns正确答案：C解析：长诗《仙后》是英国杰出诗人Edmund Spenser的杰作，它是英国诗歌创作的典范。

Spenser在《仙后》一诗中首创著名的“斯宾塞诗体”，影响深远。

知识模块：人文知识3．“We shall know a word by the company it keeps.” This statement represents A．the conceptualist view.B．contextualism.C．the naming theory.D．behaviorism.正确答案：B解析：语境论的代表人物是弗斯(J．R Firth)，语境论者认为语言的意义离不开使用语言的语境，语义不是抽象的，它存在于语境之中，它来自语境，取决于语境。

冲击英语专业人文知识英语专业八级人文知识模拟题一1. The traditional dividing line in America between “east” and “west” is .A. the Mississippi RiverB. the AppalachiansC. the Rocky MountainsD. the Hudson River2. The river Thames is in .A. WalesB. ScotlandC. EnglandD. Northern Ireland3. Maples are always used to symbolize .A. AustraliaB. AmericaC. EnglandD. Canada4. In 1066, led the Norman army in invading and defeating England.A. William the ConquerorB. Julius CaesarC. Alfred the GreatD. Claudius5. “God helps those who help themselves” is a citation from the work of .A. PaineB. FranklinC. FreneauD. Jefferson6. Theodore Dreiser and Jack London are among the best representative writers ofliterary , which is greatly in?uenced by Darwin.A. NaturalismB. SentimentalismC. RomanticismD. Transcendentalism7. is John Steinbeck’s masterpieceA. An American TragedyB. The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnC. A Farewell to ArmsD. The Grapes of Wrath8. If the study of meaning is conducted in the context of language use, a branch oflinguistic study called comes into being.A. syntaxB. semanticsC. pragmaticsD. morphology9. are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words.A. RootsB. StemsC. Af?xesD. Compounds.2.冲击英语专业人文知识10. Syntax mainly deals with .A. how a language changes through timeB. how words are combined to form sentences and the rulesC. how the human work when they use languageD. how a language varies through geographical space【答案与题解】1. A 密西西比河是美国传统的东部和西部的分界线。