英美报刊选读答案

BOOK ONE (2)UNIT 1 Campus (2)UNIT 2 Entertainment (3)UNIT 3 Entertainment (5)UNIT 4 Food (6)UNIT 5 Crime (8)UNIT 6 Disaster (10)UNIT 7 Sports (11)UNIT 8 Art (13)UNIT 9 Economy (15)UNIT 10 Ecology (17)UNIT 11 Health (18)UNIT12 Automobile & Driving (20)UNIT 13 Quality problems (23)UNIT 14 Shopping (25)UNIT 15 Gun control (27)UNIT 16 Psychology (28)BOOK ONEUNIT 1 CampusI．Vocabulary Builder1.Definition1)chaotic: extremely disorganized; badly organized; be in mess2)primary: main; most important; key; major; chief; prime; principal3)seduce: attract; tempt4)highlight: the most important, interesting, or enjoyable part of something such as a holiday,performance, or sports competition5)reluctant: unwilling6)compelling: very interesting or exciting, so that you have to pay attention7)reveal: show; indicate8)mainstream: accepted by or involving most people in a society; normal; ordinary9)critical: important; crucial10)evolution: a long, gradual process during which something develops and changes, usuallybecoming more advanced; a gradual change and development2. Terms translation1) a bipartisan consensus2)high school diploma3)drop-out rate4)college wage premium5)the K-12 system6)more academically rigorous7)well-rounded citizens8)certification tests9)career and technical education3. Blank filling1) persevered 2) persisted 3) insisted 4) insisted 5) persevere6) agony 7) adversity 8) torment 9) plight 10) assure/reassure11) insure/ensure 12) insure 13) insure/ensure 14) assured/reassuredII．Translation1.选择圣路易斯的华盛顿大学是个不错的决定，但真正让我享受到理想大学生活的，（不是大学本身）是我到了大学后作的一些决定。

单选题1.According to the media,Jordan_________.A.was too old to compete against younger players.B.was in a bad condition.C.was still able to scoreD.was still able to play dunks.答案:D2.avant-gardeA.relating to,or being part of an innovative groupB.a teenagerC.violence attack答案:A3.Which organization announced an emergency meeting to be held in Geneva this week?A.WTOB.WHOOD.EU答案:B4.suffuse.A.to spread through or overB.to kill sbC.to buy a great loaf of答案:A5.Why must local government keep his or her doors to every visitor?A.Economic development depends on it.B.The central government forces them to do that.C.In order to let more people enjoy the beauty of the sites.D.They are friendly and hospitable.答案:A6.______is one of the few areas where Israeli Jews and Arabs live in relative harmony.A.HaifaB.RamallahC.TulkarmD.Tel Aviv答案:A7.How many nations does the commonwealth have?A.54B.53C.48D.1答案:B8.deteriorateA.become worse in quality or conditionB.destroyC.well wealthy答案:A9.decrepit.A.to kill sb at timesB.worn out,impairedC.to set fire on答案:B10.What’s the CIA’s opinion on dealing with Iraq?A.remodel the successful war strategy in AfghanistanB.advocate a coup or destabilization to topple SaddamC.run a war in IraqD.others答案:B11._______is a distinct advantage if you want a career at what passes for the American establishment.A.gilt-edged diplomaB.wealthy familyC.AbilityD.Alumni connection答案:A12.H.M.O.A.家长会B.环保总局C.保健组织答案:C13.The key question in evaluating a college is_________.A.the number of studentsB.the alumniC.the location of the collegeD.how well it teaches its students.答案:D14.spurA.carry out a particular taskB.intriguingC.incite,stimulate答案:C15.tackleA.to try to deal with a difficult problemB.meet troubleC.make a hole答案:A16.What did not the workers do in the run up to the last October’s celebration?A.They finished a network of expressways and ramps crisscrossing the city.B.They built a huge airport in nearby Pudong.C.They built a large-sized shopping mall in the center of city.D.They built a cross-river tunnels linking Shanghai to Pudong.答案:C17.Richard Nixon thinks that the cooperation between the East and the West will be______.A.possibleB.impossibleC.unknown答案:A18.alluringA.get rid ofB.attractive or desirableC.never give up答案:B19.school-boardA.学校教工大会B.学校董事会C.学校组织D.学校大会答案:B20.wrack.A.keep sth from being hurtB.destroy or ruinC.help without any hesitation答案:B21.The1996law created the Temporary Assistant For Needy Families,which slapped a___lifetime on an individual’s right to collect benefits.A.ten-yearB.twelve-yearC.five-yearD.twenty-year答案:C22.-----is a member of the minority who do have problems during menopause.A.Sonja MckinlayB.JamisonC.Ravenna HelsonD.Carol Ryff答案:B23.maritalA.of or relating to marriageB.wife or husbandC.to save答案:A24.desperately.A.luckilyB.to give little hope of successC.hately答案:B25.______took responsibility for the attack in Haifa?A.An Islamic groupB.Several Palestinian soldiersC.Several Palestinian civiliansD.None答案:A26.rekindle.A.to relight(a fire)B.to put out fireC.to set fire on答案:A27.Moriarty is-----now.A.a workerB.a reporterC.an athleteD.a designer答案:D28.A200-point increase in the average SAT score of the college attended resulted in_____greater earnings for students from families in the lowest fifth of income distribution.A.5%B.6%C.7%D.8%答案:C29.alluring.A.Never say goodbye to somebodyB.attractive or desirableC.interesting30.gratifyA.please or satisfyB.discourageC.supremacy答案:A31.In the content of this lesson,among the drugs,_____can easily cause coma and deathA.MDMAB.LSDC.GHBD.heroin答案:C32.The NRA’s power depends on the relatively few close elections that often determine who controls____.A.PresidentB.Supreme CourtC.CongressD.jury答案:C33.grottoe.A.houseB.caveC.cottage答案:B34.Tejano music is dynamite in----but not in California,whose technobanda music does not sell elsewhere.B.New JerseyC.GeorgiaD.Wisconsin答案:A35.incentiveA.induce action or motivate effortB.hard workC.to devote one‘s heart to sb.答案:A36.The attitude of the author revealed in the article named “Exploding Tourism Eroding China’s Riches”is__A.nostalgiaB.criticalC.pessimisticD.optimistic答案:B37.Since1996,the number of people collecting food stamps has sunk by one-third,to___million.A.3B.17C.22D.20答案:B38.collaborationA.to express sorrow or regretB.working together,especially in a joint intellectual effortC.future generation答案:B39.consternation.A.a feeling of shock or worryB.a feeling of happiness and blessnessC.always wanting to fight答案:A40.brunt.A.the main impact or forceB.help sbC.never refuse others答案:A41.suffuseA.to spread through or overB.to kill sbC.to buy a great loaf of答案:A42.jutA.little potB.carefulC.extend beyond the limits of the main body,project答案:C43.Who was awarded the Order of Australia,the country’s highest civil medal of honor?A.CathyB.MoriartyC.Ros答案:B44.prudentA.careful,circumspectB.surprising or astoundingC.of two races答案:A45.The United States says large-scale direct military action may be required only in______.A.IraqB.Iraq and SomaliaC.SomaliaD.none答案:B46.In1981,6-8–year-olds averaged______minutes of homework per week.A.45B.50C.44D.60答案:C47.assumeA.of two racesB.supposeC.of other Spanish-speaking countries答案:B48.upheavalA.a sudden,violent disruption or upsetB.rucksackC.intensively答案:A49.backpack.A.dispute,argumentB.rucksackC.carry out a particular task答案:B50.emphaticallyA.intensivelyB.careful,circumspectC.condemn openly as being evil or reprehensible答案:A51.inboundA.to execute an inbounds passB.to have a tripC.lousy答案:A判断题1.Hug drug is good for people’s healthA.错误B.正确答案:A2.Most of the crimes are not concerned with young peopleA.错误B.正确答案:A3.To build a highway is to bring visitors convenience and safety.A.错误B.正确答案:B4.U.S.estimates the Taliban now controls the whole country of Afghanistan.A.错误B.正确答案:A5.The Taliban began as a group of seminary students.A.错误B.正确答案:B6.China spends the least money on cultural conservation.A.错误B.正确答案:B7.The troubles with gangs are not so seriousA.错误B.正确答案:A8.The Scots and the Welsh worry a lot about those Japanese companies.A.错误B.正确答案:A9.Hug drug is good for people’s healthA.错误B.正确答案:A10.Economic development depends on that local government must keep his or her doors to every visitor.A.错误B.正确答案:B11.In Britain the monarch remains very much at the heart of its Constitution.A.错误B.正确答案:B12.Campus romance is unrequited because women on campus do not expect a marriage.A.错误B.正确答案:A13.Nixon thinks that the cooperation between the East and the West is impossible.A.错误B.正确答案:A14.Nixon still believes that Communist party will be the enemy of the United States forever.A.错误B.正确答案:B15.1221is located at1221Yan’an Xi Road.A.错误B.正确答案:B16.John Kundereri Moriarty,living happily in an aboriginal tribal community in northern Australia,was transported south through Alice Springs.A.错误B.正确答案:B17.Economic development depends on that local government must keep his or her doors to every visitor.A.错误B.正确答案:B18.An unprecedented chance for Gypsies is to be recognized as a nation,albeit one without a defined territory.A.错误B.正确答案:B19.While low-wage jobs are the early magnet for many,there is also evidence of upward mobility.A.错误B.正确答案:B20.An entrepreneurial is someone who starts or organizes a commercial enterpriseA.错误B.正确答案:B21.“Soothe”means to make someone uncomfortableA.错误B.正确答案:A22.The old rule for a polite conversation is:Never mention the topic of sex,religion and politics.A.错误B.正确答案:B23.Hikers don’t like to walking a long way and climbing hills on foot.A.错误B.正确答案:A24.An irritable person is someone of mild temper.A.错误B.正确答案:A25.Nixon thinks that the cooperation between the East and the West is impossible.B.正确答案:A26.Nixon thinks that the cooperation between the East and the West is impossible.A.错误B.正确答案:A27.An irritable person is someone of mild temper.A.错误B.正确答案:A28.College officials should be blamed for the cheating in college rankings.A.错误B.正确答案:B29.The author believes that the rankings have become an unhealthy force in highereducation.A.错误B.正确答案:B30.Poverty rates among Hispanics remain lowA.错误B.正确31.Krueger and Dale concluded that smart,talented kids who attended less selective schools didn’t do just as well in their careers as their counterparts at elite colleges.A.错误B.正确答案:A。

英美文学选读试题Ⅰ.Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices [A],[B],[C],[D] of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement and write the letter on the answer sheet.1.Romance,which uses narrative verse or prose to tell stories of ___ adventures or other heroic deeds, is a popular literary form in the medieval period.A.Christian2.Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of ___.A.Piers PlowmanB.Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC.Confessio AmantisD.The Canterbury Tales3.Which of the following historical events does not directly help to stimulate the rising of the Renaisssance Movement?A.The rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture.B.The new discoveries in geography and astrology.C.The Glorious revolution.D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion.4.Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare's Sonnet 18?A.The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B.The speaker satirizes human vanity.C.The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D.The speaker meditates on man's salvation.5.“And we will sit upon the rocks,/Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks,/By shallow rivers to whose falls/Melodious bird s sing madrigals.〞The above lines are probably taken from __.A.Spenser's The Faerie QueeneB.John Donne's “The Sun Rising〞C.Shakespeare's “Sonnet 18”D.Marlowe's “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love〞6.“Bassanio:Antonio,I am married to a wifeWhich is as dear to me as life itself;But life itself, My wife, and all the world.Are not with me esteem'd above thy life;I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them all,Here to the devil, to deliver you.Portia:Your wife would give you little thanks for that,If she were by to hear you make the offer.〞The above is a quotation taken from Shakespeare's comedy The Merchant of Venice.The quoted part can be regarded as a good example to illustrate ____.A.dramatic irony7.The ture subjec t of John Donne's poem,“The Sun Rising,〞is to ___.A.attack the sun as an unruly servantB.give compliments to the mistress and her power of beautyC.criticize the sun's intrusion into the lover's private lifeD. lecture the sun on where true royalty and riches lie8.Of all the 18thcentury novelists Henry Fielding was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specificall y a “___ in prose,〞the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.A.tragic epic B ic epicC.romanceD.lyric epic9.The Houyhnhnms depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver's Travels are ___.A.horses that are endowed with reasonB.pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualitiesC.giants that are superior in wisdomD.hairy,wild, low and despicable creatures, who resemble human beings not only in appearance but also in some other ways.10.Here are four lines from a literary work:“Others for language all their care express,/And value books,as women men, for dress.〞The work is ___.A.Thomas Gray's “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard〞B.John Milton's Paradise LostC.Alexander Pope's Essay on CriticismD.Shakespeare's Midsummer Night's Dream11.The phrase “to urge people to abide by Christian doctrines a nd to seek salvation through constant struggles with their own weaknesses and all kinds of social evils〞may well sum up the implied meaning of ___.A.Gulliver's TravelsB.The Rape of the LockC.Robinson CrusoeD.The pilgrim's Progress12.William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following EXCEPT ___.A.the use of everyday language spoken by the common peopleB.the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelingsC.the use of humble and rustic life as subject matterD.the use of elegant wording and inflated figures of speech13.Which of the following is taken from John Keats’ “Ode on a Grecian Urn〞?A.“I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!〞B.“They are both gone up to the church to pary.〞C.“Earth has not anything to show more fair.〞D.“Beauty is truth, truth beauty〞.14.“If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind!〞is an epigrammatic line by __.A.J.KeatsB.W.BlakeC.W.Wordsworth15.“Ode o na Grecian Urn〞shows the contrast between the ___ of art and the ___ of human passion.A.glory …uglinessB.permanence…transienceC.transience…sordidnessD.glory…permanence16.In the statement“—oh,God! would you like to live with your soul in the grave?〞the term“soul〞apparently refers to ___.A.Heathcliff himselfC.one's spiritual lifeD.one's ghost17.The typical feature of Robet Browning's poetry is the ___.A.bitter satirerger-than-life caricaturetinized dictionD.dramatic monologue18.The Victorian Age was largely an age of ____,eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.A.poetryB.drama D.epic prose19.___is the first important governess(家庭女教师) novel in the English literary history.A.Jane EyreHeights20.The major concern of ______ fiction lies in the tracing of the psychological development of his characters and in his energetic criticism of the dehumanizing effect of the capitalist industrialization on human nature.wrence'sB.J.Galsworthy'sC.W.Thackeray’sD.T.Hardy’s21.___is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare, and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism.A.Richard SheridanB.Oliver GoldsmithC.Oscar WildeD.Bernard Shaw22.Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Modernism?A.To elevate the individual and inner being over the social being.B.To put the stress on traditional values.C.To portray the distorted and alienated relationships between man and his environment.D.To advocate a conscious break with the past.23.The Romantic writers would focus on all the following issues EXCEPT the ___ in the American literary histrory.A.individual feelingsB.idea of survival of the fittestC.strong imaginationD.return to nature24.Henry David Thoreau's work,__,has always been regarded as a masterpiece of New England Transcendentalism.B.The pioneersC.NatureD.Song of Myself25.The famous 20-years sleep in “Rip Van Winkle〞helps to construct the story in such a way that we are greatly affected by Irving's ___.A.concern with the passage of timeB.expression of transient beautyC.satire on laziness and corruptibility of human beingsD.idea about supernatural manipulation of man's life26.Walt whitman was a pioneering figure of American poetry. His innovation first of all lies in his use of __,poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.A.blank verseB.heroic coupletC.free verseD.iambic pentameter27.The literary characters of the American type in early 19th century are generally characterized by all the following features EXCEPT that they ___.A.speak local dialectsB.are polite and elegant gentlemenC.are simple and crude farmersD.are noble savages( red and white) untainted by society28.Hester Pryme, Dimmsdale,Chillingworth and Pearl are most likely the names of the characters in ___.A.The Scarlet LetterB.The House of the Seven GablestC.The Portrait of a LadyD.The pioneers29.“This is my letter to the World〞is a poetic expression of Emily Dickinson's __ about her communication with the outside world.A.indifferenceB.anger30.With Howells,James,and Mark Twain active on the literary scene, __ became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19thcentury.31.After The adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain gives a literary independence to Tom's buddy Huck in a book entitled ___.A.Life on the MississippiB.The Gilded AgeC.The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnD.A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court32.However,___,the keynote of Daisy Miller's character,turns out to be an admiring but a dangerous quality and her defiance of social taboos in the Old World finally brings her to a disaster in the clash between two different cultures.C.worldliness33.Generally speaking,all those writers with a naturalistic approach to human reality tend to be ___.A.transcendentalists34.Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on various aspects of life.Which of the following is NOT a usual subject of her poetic expression?A.Religion and immortality.B.Life and death.C.Love and marriage.D.War and peace.35.In “After Apple-Picking,〞Robert Frost wrote:“For I have had too much/Of applepi cking:I am overtired/Of the great harvestI myself desired.〞From these lines we can conclude that the speaker is ___.A.happy about the harvestB.still very much interested in apple-pickingC.expecting a greater harvestD.indifferent to what he once desired36.Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influence over ____.A.Ezra PoundB.Ralph Waldo EmersonC.Robert FrostD.Emily Dickinson37.The Hemingway Code heroes are best remembered for their __.A.indestructible spirtieB.pessimistic view of life38.IN The Emperor Jones and The Hairy Ape,O'Neill adopted the expressionist techniques to portray the ___ of human beings in a hostile universe.A.helpless situationC.profound religious faithD.courage and perseverance39.In Hemingway's “Indian Cmap〞,Nick's night trip to the Indian village and his experience inside the hut can be taken as ____.A.an essential lesson about Indian tribesB.a confrontation with evil and sinC.an initiation to the harshness of lifeD.a learning process in human relationship40.which of the following statements about Emily Grierson, the protagonist in Faulkner's story “A Rose for Emily,〞is NOT true?A.She has a distorted personality.B.She is physically deformed and paralyzed.C.She is the symbol of the old values of the South.D.She is the victim of the past glory.PART TWOⅡ.Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.41.“Her eyes met his and he looked away.He neither believed nor disbelieved her,but he knew that he had made a mistake in asking;he never had known,never would know,what she was thinking.The sight of her inscrutable face,the thought of all the hundreds of evenings he had seen her sitting there like that,soft and passive,but so unreadable, unknown, enraged him beyond measure.〞Questions:A.Identify the writer and the work.B.What does the phrase “inscrutable face〞mean?C.What idea does the quoted passage express?42.“And when I am formulated,sprawling on a pin,When I am pinned and wriggling on the wall.Then how should beginTo spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways.〞Questions:A.Identify the poem and the poet.B.What does the phrase “butt-ends〞mean?C.What idea does the quoted passage express?43.“God knows,…I'm not myself—I'm somebody else—…and I'm changed,and I can't tell what's my name,or who I am.〞Questions:A.Identify the work and the author.B.The speaker says he is changed.Do you think he is changed, or the social environment has changed?C.What idea does the quoted sentence express?44.“I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference.〞Questions:A.Idenfity the poem and the poet.B.What does the phrase “ages and ages hence〞mean?C.What idea does the quoted passage express?Ⅲ.Questions and Answers(24 points in all, 6 for each)Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English.Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.45.As a rule,an allegory is story in verse or prose with a double meaning: a surface meaning,and an implied meaning.List two works as examples of allegory.What is an allegory usually concerned with by its implied meaning?46.Inspiration for the romantic approach initially came from two great shapers of thought.Who are the two?And what ideas they expressed inspire the romantic writers?47.The white whale,Moby Dick,is the most important symbol in Melville's novel.What symbolic meaning can you draw from it?48.Nature is a philosophic work, in which Emerson gives an explicit discussion on his idea of the Qversoul.What is your understanding of Emersonian “Oversoul〞?Ⅳ.Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.49.How is Romanticism different from Neoclassicism?Provide brief evidence from the literary works you know best.50.Summerize the story of Mark twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in about 100 words,and comment on the theme of the novel.Ⅱ.Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)41.A.John Galasworthy:The Man of Property.B.A face does not show any emotion or reaction so that it is impossible to know how that person is feeling or what he is thinking about.C.it presents the inner mind of Soames in face of his wife's coldness.He can never know what is on his wife's mind because the makeup of his and her mentality is different. His wife Irene, whose mind is romantically inclined, is disgusted with her husband's possessiveness. Being unable to read his wife's mind is as good as saying that he really can't regard her as his property- this is the very reason why he is enraged beyond measure.42.A.T.S.Eliot:“The Love Song of J.Alfred Pruforck.〞B.The ends of cigarettes,meaning trivial things here.C.Here,Prufrock's inability to do anything against the society he is in is made strikingly clear by using a sharp comparison .Prufrock imagines himself as a kind of insect pinned on the wall and struggling in vain to get free.This image vividly shows Prufrock's current predicament.43.A.Washington Irving:“Rip Van Winkle〞.B.The social environment is changed.C.When Rip is back home after a period of 20 years,he finds thta everything has changed.All those old values are gone,and he can hardly feel at home in a changed society.One of the functions that Rip serves in the story is to provide a measuring stick for change. It is through him that Irving drives home the theme that a desire for change,improvement,and progress could subvert stable society.44.A.Robert Frost:“The Road Not Taken〞.B.Many many years later.C.The speaker is telling his experience of making the choice of the roads.But he is conscious of the fact that his choice will have made all the difference in his life.He seems to be giving a suggestion to the reader.“Make good choice of your life.〞Ⅲ.Questions and Answers (24 points in all,6 for each)45.A.Buyan's pilgrim's Progress and Spenser's The Faerie Queene.B.It is usually concerned with moral ,religious,political,symbolic or mythical ideas.46.A.The French philosopher,Jean Jacques Rousseau and the German writer Johna Wolfgan von Goethe.B.It is Rousseau who established the cult of the individual and championed the freedom of the human spirit;his famous announcement was “I felt before I thought.〞Goethe and his compatriots extolled the romantic spirit.47.A.To Ahab,the whale is either an evil creature itself or the agent of an evil force that controls the universe,or perhaps both.B.To Ishmale,the whale is an astonishing force,an immense power,which defies rational explanation due to a sense of mystery it carries. It is beautiful,but malignant at the same time. It also represents the tremendous organic vitality of the universe,for it has a life force that surges onward irresistibly, impervious to the desires or wills of men.C.As to the reader, the whale can be viewed as a symbol of the physical limits that life imposes upon man. It may also be regarded as a symbol of nature, or an instrument of God's vengeance upon evil man. In general,the multiplicity and ambivalence of the symbolic meaning of the whale is such that it becomes a source of intense speculation, an object or profound curiosity for the reader.48.A.The Oversoul is believed to be an all-pervading power for goodness,omnipresent and omnipotent from which all things come and of which all are a part. It exists in nature and man alike and constitutes the chief element of the universe.B.According to Emerson,it is a supreme reality of mind, a spiritual unity of all beings, and a religion regarded as an emotional communication between an individual soul and the universal Over-soul of which it is a part.C.He holds that intuition is a more certain way of knowing than reason and that the mind could intuitively perceive the existence of the Oversoul and of certain absolutes.Ⅳ.Topic Discussion (20 points in all, 10 for each)49.a.Neoclassicists upheld that artistic ideals should be order,logic,restrained emoticon and accuracy,and that literature,should be judged in terms of its service to humanity,and thus,literary expressions should be of proportion,unity,harmony and grace.Pope's An Essay on Criticism advocates grace,wit (usually though satire/humour),and simplicity in language(and the poem itself is a demonstration of those ideals,too);Fielding's Tom Jones helped establish the form of novel;Gray's “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard' displays elega nce in style,unified structure,serious tone and moral instructions.b.Romanticists tended to see the individual as the very center of all experience,including art,and thus,literary work should be “spontaneous overflow of strong feelings,〞and no matter how fragmentary those experiences were (Wordsworth's “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud,〞or “The Solitary Reaper,) or Coleridge's “Keble Khan〞),the value of the work lied in the accuracy of presenting those unique feelings and particular attitudes.c.In a word, Neoclassicism emphasized rationality and form but Romanticism attached great importance to the individual's mind (emotion, imagination, temporary experience…)50.A.Mark Twain's novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a Sequa to The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.The Story takes place along the Mississippi River before the Civil War in the United States, around 1850.Along the river, floats a small raft, with two people on it; One is an ignorant,uneducated black slave named Jim and the other is little uneducated outcast white boy about the age of thirteen, called Huckleberry Finn or Huck Finn.The novel relates the story of the escape of Jim from slavery and ,more important, how Huck Finn, floating along with Jim and helping him as best he could, changes his mind ,his prejudice, about Black people, and comes to accept Jim as a man and as a close friends as well.During their journey, they experience a series of adventures:coming across two frauds, the “Duke〞and the “King〞,witnessing the lynching and murder of a harmless drunkard, being lost in a fog and finally Tom's coming to rescue. B. The theme of the novel may be best summed in a word “freedom〞: Huck wants to escape from the bond of civilization and Jim wants to escape from the yoke of slavery. Mark Twain uses the raft's journey down the Mississippi River to express his thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilizati。

《英美报刊选读》答案《英美报刊选读》一、教学目的通过本课程的学习，使学员对英美报刊有一个清晰的了解，认识英美报刊语言、文体、词汇、语法等基本特点，掌握英美报刊阅读的基本知识及技巧，为独立阅读英美报刊打下良好的基础。

二、教材特点与该课程旧教材（第1版）相比，本教材具有以下特点：1．为使学生改变以往依赖教师和英汉词典的学习习惯，培养他们独自排解疑难词语的能力，编者不但向他们推荐工具书，并教授他们使用方法；为使他们能加深对词汇的记忆，还介绍词法和重要词根及词缀。

2．为使学生掌握必要的新闻词语和扩大词汇量，本书在“新闻词语解说”中尽量结合课文，讲透疑难词语。

此外还列出一些与这些词语或课文内容有关的课外词汇。

3．为使学生掌握必要的读报知识，本书在“背景知识”中尽量结合课文，介绍重要的并时常见诸报端的人物、党派和组织机构等，并举例说明其重要性。

答每课后的练习题——Questions,使他们基本了解课文的主要内容。

然后，再逐段或跳跃式选段对学生需要掌握的内容、新闻词语和背景知识进行阅读和问答式方式讲解。

如果备课充分，学生的英语水平又高，教员可采用美英教员教授母语的方法，抛开课本或讲义，只讲有关课文的重点词语、背景知识和写作手法等。

这样，学生除预习外，课后还要结合教员在课堂上所讲的内容好好复习课文。

这两种授课方式的好处是，使学生通过自学（指预习）和教师的指导，自己主动去掌握知识。

与以教员为中心的灌输式教学方式相比，学生更能巩固所学，并使他们今后更能发挥学习潜能。

此外，这也使有的教员摆脱了那种课文注释那么详细而觉得在课堂上没有多少可讲的被动地位和局面。

当然，这只是本人的实践和看法。

我相信在调动学生主动学习的积极性方面还有更多、更好的教学法。

五.考试说明“英美报刊选读”期末考试题型介绍1．报刊名称及常见报刊词汇英译汉：十小题，每题2分，共20分内容以辅导书的附录为主. 2．阅读理解：2篇文章，选自作业题，选择题或判断题，共40分。

第一课Return of the Huddled Masses(找的百度课件)1. More immigrants add more financial burden to the state government; increasing immigrants cause high unemployment; a mixture of various origins of the immigrants endangered the pure Americanization.2. new comers filled the country with energy, ambition and fresh ideas.Immigrants to the New West help bring about California’s economical revival; many top manufacturers in Orange County are immigrants from other countries; Asian students majored in engineer are of a large proportion.3,4. omitted5. Immigration itself is not wrong;Immigrants’desire for America remains the same as the past generation: to realize their American Dream;American government should adjust immigration policy and American people should adjust their opinions about immigration.第四课Asians in the Promised Land1. They found those Korean-Americans isolated and helpless, and recognized the attacks as a threat to Asians as a whole. For many Asian-Americans, the riots represented as an assault on their faith in America.2. The total population of Asian-Americans is about 7.3 million. Nearly 2.5 million arrived during the 1980s. The fastest increasing groups are Koreans and Vietnamese. About half of Asian immigrants settle on the Pacific coast while hundreds of thousands move on to New York and dozens of cities in between.3. They were brought to the United States in the 1860s to work on continental railroads as coolies. They were ill-treated and vilified as a “population befouled with all the social vices”. In 1887, there occurred the Snake River Massacre in Oregon, in which 31 Chinese were robbed and murdered.4. Asian families earn an average of $35,900 per year, more than the average for white families. However, as the Asian family is larger, their per capita income is actually less than that of white people.5. They are called the “model minority” because of their superiority to other races in habits of study and work. They are said to embody the American Dream of hard work, thrift and success. Asians, however, rebel against the model-minority label as another insidious stereotype. They think that it is a subtly racist excuse not to help underprivileged Asians and to hold back even average Asians on the ground that they already have “natural” advantages.6. Because they believe that Asian-Americans have accepted the white mainstream culture and white people love them for everything the blacks are not.7. They are making great efforts to preserve and acquire the Asian culture by improving their original language proficiency, attacking the model minority image and Asians who forget their original culture.8. The main obstacles are skin color and lack of English proficiency.9. The Indo-Chinese group is most noted for street gang activities. The main cause is unemployment.10. The ties within each small Asian group are close and family connections are strong. A key link in the system is rotating credit association. However, many Asians lack a larger sense of unity andbring ancient rivalries from native countries. Most Asian support groups are based on nationality or even smaller units.11. Asians should see themselves in terms of their bonds, not their differences. Groups should melt more to each other.。

练习题答案第一单元Passage 11.根据文章内容选出下列问题最恰当的答案。

(1)-B (2)-C (3)-C (4)-C (5)-D (6)-D (7)-A (8)-C2.请选择恰当的词或短语以正确的形式填入下文的空缺中(1)- contributes to(2) differences(3) taken out(4) filtering down(5) industrial renaissance(6) go through(7) initiatives(8) liftPassage 21.根据文章内容判断下列说法是否正确(1) F (2) F (3)-F (4)-T (5)-F (6)-F (7)-T (8)-F2.请选择恰当的词或短语以正确的形式填入下文的空缺中(1) pervasive(2) paralysis(3) stabilize(4) dispose of(5) intervention(6) put an end to(7) exist(8) eliminatePassage 31.根据文章内容简答下列问题(1) Forty years ago, Americans did not believe and even oppose to Democrats, butnow, they have high expectations for Democrats to help America get out of the current economic crisis.(2) No. Although Obama’s presidency will mean that there will be moregovernment intervention in the management of different aspects of American society, there will also be more liberalism on the basis of social stability ensured by the government.(3) Most Americans highly appreciated F.D.R style liberalism, for their bankdeposits was save, their wages was boosted, and their retire pension was ensured by the orderly society built by F.D.R. And they also felt free and secure.(1)It means to make or help the American economy to recover from recession. (5) The life on an economic knife-edge may refer to the life Americans onceexperienced in 1930s depression and the life they are experiencing in current economic crisis. Such life can be characterized by high unemployment rate, banking panics, stock market crashes, the bursting of other financial bubbles, currency crises, and sovereign defaults.(6) The conservative economic agenda just like the liberal cultural agenda of the1960s, it was less liberating than frightening, and was focused on cultural order instead of economic order.(7) Obama’s great challenge and great opportunity is whether he will establish anew liberal order with more control by his big government to free America from the current economic depression and to build up a good welfare system for Americans.(8) The focus of New Liberal Order to Americans now should shift from the culturalorder to economic order.2. 请选择恰当的词或短语以正确的形式填入下文的空缺中(1) opposing(2) ranging from(3) exist(4) guaranteeing(5) tyranny(6) high-water ranks(7) concept(8) self-reliance第二单元Passage 11．Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)(1) T (2) T (3) T (4) F (5) T (6) F (7) T (8) T (9) F (10) F2．请选择恰当的词或短语以正确的形式填入下文的空缺中。

美英报刊文章阅读第五版课后答案端木义万No ideal may be held more sacred in America, or be more coveted by others,than the principle of individual freedom.在美国，没有什么理想比个人自由原则更神圣，也没有什么理想比个人自由原则更令人垂涎。

Given the chance to pursue the heart's desires, our Utopian vision claims, each of ushas the ability and the right to make our dreams come true.我们乌托邦式的愿景宣称，只要有机会去追求内心的渴望，我们每个人都有能力和权利去实现自己的梦想。

This extraordinary individualism has prevailed as the core doctrine of the New Worldthrough four centuries, bringing with it an unrelenting pressure to prove one's self.四个世纪以来，这种非凡的个人主义一直是新世界的核心信条，随之而来的是证明自我的无情压力。

The self-made man has been America's durable icon, whether personified by theprairie homesteader or the high-tech entrepreneur.'白手起家的人是美国经久不衰的偶像，无论是草原上的农场主还是高科技企业家都是他们的化身。

”Yet, from the beginning,the idea of a community of rugged individualists struckmany as an oxymoron. In the 1830s, Alexis de Tocqueville warned that the tendencyof Americans to do their own thing could very likely doom the country. 然而，从一开始，由粗犷的个人主义者组成的社会这个想法就给许多人以矛盾的感觉。

美英报刊阅读教程中级精选本第二版课后练习题含答案第一篇文章：The Future of Work阅读理解题：1.According to the article, why may workers in the future needa new set of skills?2.What are some of the benefits of remote work?3.What is gig work?4.What are some of the potential downsides to the gig economy? 词汇题：1.Please define the following words based on their usage inthe article:•remote•gig•autonomous答案：阅读理解题：1.According to the article, workers in the future may need anew set of skills due to automation and artificial intelligence taking over certn tasks that are currently done by humans.Additionally, remote work and gig work are becoming increasingly popular, which require different skills than traditional office jobs.2.Some of the benefits of remote work include increasedflexibility, reduced commute time, and improved work-life balance.3.Gig work refers to non-traditional forms of employment, suchas freelance or contract work, that are short-term and not part ofa permanent job.4.Some of the potential downsides to the gig economy includelack of job security, no benefits, and variable income.词汇题：•remote: located far away; distant•gig: a job or task, often temporary or freelance•autonomous: operating independently, without human input第二篇文章：The Benefits of Travel阅读理解题：1.According to the article, what are some of the ways thattravel can improve mental health?2.What are some of the benefits of cultural immersion?3.Why does the article suggest trying local cuisine whentraveling?词汇题：1.Please define the following words based on their usage inthe article:•exhilarating•novelty•rejuvenating答案：阅读理解题：1.Travel can improve mental health by reducing stress andanxiety, boosting creativity and happiness, and improvingcognitive function.2.Cultural immersion can broaden one’s perspective andunderstanding of different cultures, enhance language skills, and provide valuable learning experiences.3.The article suggests trying local cuisine when travelingbecause it is a way to immerse oneself in the local culture and to experience new and unique flavors and ingredients.词汇题：•exhilarating: causing feelings of excitement and enthusiasm•novelty: the quality of being new and unusual•rejuvenating: making one feel refreshed and restored, often after a period of stress or exhaustion。

美英报刊阅读教程答案Lesson 1Answers to the QuestionsV. 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. DVI.1. The three big milestones for America‘s population are the following: 1915 when America‘s population grew to 100 million, 1967 when America‘s population increased to 200 million and 2006 when America‘s population reached 300 million.2. America‘s recent population growth has been extraordinary. Since 2000 alone, America has added 20 million people. In sharp co ntrast with America‘s population increase, Europe‘s birth rates have been plunging and Japan‘s population has been shrinking.3. There are the following three trends: migration to the west and the south, sharp increase of immigrants and fast increase of the over-65 population.4. The fast growth of the South and the West has been buoyed by immigration, lower costs, and recreational opportunities.5. The major factor in the population growth is immigration. Since 2000 alone, there has been a 16 percent rise in the number of immigrants living in American households.6. The most striking difference is the change of the main source. Before 1967, the main source of immigrants was Western Europe. However, after President Johnson signed the Immigration and Naturalization Act in 1965 to stop racial and ethnic quotas for new immigrants, and once the Mexican economy tanked in the 1970s, immigrants from Mexico sharplyincreased. In Fort Wayne, nearly 80 percent of Hispanics are Mexican. An estimated 12 million undocumented immigrants now live in America.7. According to the article, the influx of new immigrants has caused the problem of racial tensions.8. Back in 1990, the median age in America was 22.9 years. But with people having fewer babies, that number started to climb. Lower fertility rates mean older populations. The baby boom caused a brief pause in this movement during the 1950s and 1960s, but the aging trend has since resumed. The median age is up to 36.5 and is expected to rise to 39 by 2030 before leveling off.9. People like Mayor Bill Saffo consider the senior citizens asa real asset because they are active in the community, and they work part-time and create businesses.10. Its main attractions are its great beaches, low cost of living and abundant golf courses.11. The enlarged senior population will overburden Social Security and Medicare, the two largest entitlement programs.OutlineI. Growth of America‘s population(1—2)1. Population growth to 300 million in October, 20062. Extraordinary recent growth compared with other countriesII. America‘s population trends and their impacts(3—4)1. Three broad trendsa. Migration to the west and the southb. Sharp increase of immigrantsc. Baby-boomers‘ getting close to retirement age2. Great impacts of t he trends on America‘s culture, politics and economyIII. The new migration: case study of Boise(5—13)1. Boise‘s fast development2. Challenge for city planners3. Four-decade migration pattern4. Factors in the fast growth5. Sources of new residents in Boise6. Developers‘ purchase of land at a feverish pace7. Economic planners‘ effort to attract solid jobsIV. Big wave of immigrants(14—19)1. Increase of ethnic diversity at Northwood Middle School2. Fort Wayne‘s population composition change3. Fast growth of Hispanicsa. Example of Fort Wayneb. Example of Goshen4. Tensions caused by the influx of HispanicsV. Graying of America and its impacts(20—26)1. Onslaught of 77 million aging boomers2. Growth of America‘s median age3. Impacts of senior people‘s increase on the economy: case study of Wilmingtona. Attractions for the senior peopleb. Specific examples of Bill and Brydenc. Senior people‘s contribution to the local economyVI. Prospects of America‘s population change(27-31)1. Further acceleration of population growth2. Increase of population proportion of the South and the West3. Greater impacts of births by new immigrants4. Doubling of the over-65 population and the heavy loads on Social Security and MedicareLesson 2Answers to the QuestionsV. 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. DVI.1. Because they are pragmatic and resourceful in money matters. They not only work hard to earn more money, but also save for retirement, make investment and hedge against the unexpected.2. The first grim reality is that in about 30 years, just as the first of this age group step into retirement, the traditional Society Security System won‘t be able to support them. The second one is the decreased job security today. The third one is that they carry more debt at their age than any other generation had. All these factors force them to pay more attention to money matters.3. Matures are ―savers‖ whereas Xers are ―hedgers‖. Matures saved what they could so that their children might have more comfortable lives. But Xers do not have such an expectation. Their different attitudes toward money were shaped by the circumstances surrounding the youth. Aftereffects of the Depression and World War Ⅱforced the Matures to be self-sacrificing and frugal. Xers experienced many uncertainties and crises: the savings-and-loan debacle of the ?80s, recession of the early ?90s and parents‘divorce. All these experiences havehelped them to develop pragmatism and the habit of protecting against the expected.4. Because this generation is more interested and better versed in investment. A study by Amex shows that they take more risks on technology stocks.5. They are more eager to earn money through hard work and more interested in starting up their own businesses for profits.6. No. they are spending money to make the time before retirement a pleasure. They spend more money than Boomers did in the same span on stereos, cellphones, beepers, all new VW Jettas and GMC Sunfires.OutlineI. News Lead: general description of Gen-X(1—2)Definition: age span; total number; focus on money; buying powerII. Reasons for Xers‘ focus on money(3—7)1. Survival instinct2. Early awareness of the unsafe cover of the social security system3. Faced with decreased job security4. Burdened with heavy debtIII. Measures taken to prepare for the future(8—24)1. Saving for retirement2. Hedging against the unexpected3. Investing in stocksa. Taking more risks on technology stocksb. Drawing more attention from investment firmsc. Showing more interest in forming clubs4. Money-first work ethica. More willing to work hard, take more job offersb. More interested in starting up their own businessesc. More preoccupied with money-makingIV. Xers‘ purchasing power(25—26)1. Xers‘ consumption pattern2. Reason for the consumption patternLesson 3Answers to the QuestionsV. 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. DVI.1. They found those Korean-Americans isolated and helpless, and recognized the attacks as a threat to Asians as a whole. For many Asian-Americans, the riots represented as an assault on their faith in America.2. The total population of Asian-Americans is about 7.3 million. Nearly 2.5 million arrived during the 1980s. The fastest increasing groups are Koreans and Vietnamese. About half of Asian immigrants settle on the Pacific coast while hundreds of thousands move on to New York and dozens of cities in between.3. They were brought to the United States in the 1860s to work on continental railroads as coolies. They were ill-treated and vilified as a ―population befouled with all the social vices‖. In 1887, there occurred the Snake River Massacre in Oregon, in which 31 Chinese were robbed and murdered.4. Asian families earn an average of $35,900 per year, more than the average for white families. However, as the Asian familyis larger, their per capita income is actually less than that of white people.5. They are called the ―model minority‖ because of their superiority to o ther races in habits of study and work. They are said to embody the American Dream of hard work, thrift and success. Asians, however, rebel against the model-minority label as another insidious stereotype. They think that it is a subtly racist excuse not to help underprivileged Asians and to hold back even average Asians on the ground that they already h ave ―natural‖ advantages.6. Because they believe that Asian-Americans have accepted the white mainstream culture and white people love them for everything the blacks are not.7. They are making great efforts to preserve and acquire the Asian culture by improving their original language proficiency, attacking the model minority image and Asians who forget their original culture.8. The main obstacles are skin color and lack of English proficiency.9. The Indo-Chinese group is most noted for street gang activities. The main cause is unemployment.10. The ties within each small Asian group are close and family connections are strong. A key link in the system is rotating credit association. However, many Asians lack a larger sense of unity and bring ancient rivalries from native countries. Most Asian support groups are based on nationality or even smaller units.OutlineI. Impact of the Los Angeles riots(1—2)1. Korean sufferings and helpless state2. Assault on Asian-Americans‘ faith in AmericaII. Racial bias against Asian-Americans(3—7)1. Asian immigrants‘ uglified image in the past2. Present model-minority label and its harmful effects3. Resentment against Asians for their success and behavior4. Asians‘ isolation from the rest of the society5. Boycotts and assaults on Asian businessesIII. American culture‘s influence(8—12)1. Fast increase of Asian immigrants wishing to realize the American Dream2. Second generation‘s tendency to abandon Asian values3. Identity crisis resulting from two cultures‘ pu ll4. Young people‘s efforts to preserve the original culture5. The least assimilated group: Chinatown residentsIV. Discrimination against Asians(13—17)1. Hurdles for assimilation2. Glass ceiling3. UnemploymentV. Similarities and differences between Asians and Blacks(18—21)1. Similar sufferings2. Similar spiritualities3. Asian-Americans‘ less difficulty in shrugging off the legacy of discrimination4. First-generation Asian immigrants‘ incredibly hardworking and thrifty characterVI. Asians‘ ties and political status(22—24)1. Close community ties2. Lack of a larger sense of unity3. Underrepresentation at all government levelsVII. Author‘s view concerning the development of Asians‘ sentiment(25) Unlikely to become a wider political movement。

BOOK THREEUNIT 1 The Time 100I．Vocabulary Builder1.Word match1) b 2)f 3)e 4)g 5)a 6)d 7)j 8)c 9)h 10)i2.Synonym finder1) immigrants 2) foreigner 3) expatriate 4) aliens5) audacious 6) bold 7) adventurous 8) daring9) light-heated 10) hilarious 11) comical 12) witty13) escaped 14) staying alive 15) pull through 16) survive3.Word formation1) compatriot 2) patron 3) patriot 4) paternal 5)expatriate6) circumvent 7) advent 8) revenues 9) misadventure 10)convenientII．Sentence Structure1.Sentence combination1)The President made the Joel 100™ because he lowered my taxes, just like Scott Jeffers,my accountant, who also made the list.2)Coming in at No. 100 on my list was Nouriel Roubini, the economist who predicted thatthe housing bubble was going to burst — thus making him the least influential person in the entire world.3)Nicholas Christakis (No. 5), a Harvard professor of medicine and sociology whose entirefield of study is how people influence each other, argues that he has affected me as much as a sibling.2.Terms translation1)has been supportive of2)riffling through this issue3)do not even have Wikipedia entries4)the ones we spend the most time with5)more than a $5000 raise wouldUNIT 2 The Newsweek 50I．Vocabulary Builder1.Word match1) e 2) b 3) j 4) a 5) c 6)h 7)d 8) i 9) f 10) g2.Synonym finder1) subsided 2) ebbing 3) lessen 4) wane5) heady 6) thrilling 7) exhilarating 8) exciting9) ultimate 10) prime 11) foremost 12) optimum13) roots 14) impetus 15) spur 16) stimulus3.Word formation1) mutual 2) transmuted 3) commutes 4) mutate 5) mutable6) fusible 7) confusion 8) refuse 9) infusing 10)diffusionII．Sentence Structure1.Sentence combination1)After all, George W. Bush has pretty consistently projected an air of confidence, one thattends to get people even more worried than they need to be.2)Swensen, who after Warren Buffett is perhaps the most successful investor in recentdecades, argues that this has been the crucial flaw in the Bush administration's actions.3)Carefully retreating from these obligations to restore a market economy will be ascomplex an exit strategy as the one from Iraq.4)Afghanistan—is as important as this one huge task: to restore confidence, certainty andreform to America.5)The beginning of 2009, the last year of the first decade of the 21st century, is a goodtime to consider the nature of power, and of the powerful, because the world is being reordered in so many ways—broadly by what my colleague Fareed Zakaria calls "the rise of the rest," the emergence of powers such as India, China and Brazil, and specifically by the global recession.2.Terms translation1)treated as endowed with supernatural, superhuman, or at least specifically exceptionalpowers or qualities2)able to exercise influence in every realm and on every continent in a way that no othermajor power can3)it was not in being but in doing that George Washington, Abraham Lincoln and FranklinRoosevelt built their enormous reputations4)to restore confidence to Americans, and indeed to the world5)In the popular imagination, power tends to be viewed in one of two ways, both extremeUNIT 3 The World in 2009I．Vocabulary Builder1.Word match1) j 2) f 3) a 4) d 5) b 6) h 7) c 8) e 9) i 10) g2.Synonym finder1) assemblies 2) congregation 3) company 4) troop5) batch 6) party 7) array 8) band9) dawned 10) emerged 11) arising 12) commence13) friction 14) controversy 15) discord 16) dissent3.Word formation1) fidelity 2) defy 3) diffident 4) infidels 5)confidant6) merciless 7) Mercer 8) mercenaries 9) commercial 10)merchandiseII．Sentence Structure1.Sentence combination1)Originally designed to last for a year, the L ondon Eye, like that other “temporary”attraction, the Eiffel Tower, is not going anywhere.2)In 2009 Chicago, the original home of the Ferris, will upgrade its Navy Pier wheel todouble its original size, to over 91 metres (300ft), and Berlin’s wheel, aroun d 50 metres higher than its 135-metre London rival, will be the tallest in Europe at almost 185 metres.3)With violence seemingly on the wane, Baghdad’s authorities are beginning the toughsell of tourism in the Iraqi capital, having recently launched a design competition for a Baghdad wheel.4)Iran could also frighten the neighbourhood by putting a satellite into orbit, which wouldmean its having the capability to launch an intercontinental ballistic missile.5)Optimists may still hope for a peace deal to be signed by Israelis and Palestinians, butpessimists will fear another war between Israel and Lebanon’s Hizbullah, with the “Party of God” acting as Iran’s proxy.2.Terms translation1) a striking gap between surging emerging markets and sluggish rich economies.2)We had a pretty good Olympics, too.3)it is the long odds that can ruin a bookmaker’s day4)let’s play a “5%-to-20% game”5)with the odds determined largely by their security menUNIT 4 Business and LifeI．Vocabulary Builder1.Word match1) e 2) i 3) f 4) b 5) h 6) c 7)j 8) d 9) a 10) g2.Synonym finder1) trick 2) hoax 3) trap 4) deception5) exhaustion 6) Tiredness 7) weariness 8) fatigue9) venue 10) location 11) whereabouts 12) position13) nuances 14) points 15) particulars 16) specifics3.Word formation1) compatible 2) passionate 3) Pathology 4) dispassion 5)psychopathy6) heirloom 7) inherit 8) heritage 9) heir 10)heredityII．Sentence Structure1.Sentence combination1)He's particularly annoyed by a friend who works at an auto dealership who tweets everytime he sells a car, a married couple who bicker on Facebook's public walls and another couple so "mooshy-gooshy" they sit in the same room of their house posting love messages to each other for all to see.2)Last year was a relatively good year to be a Chinese bank, and for none more so than forChina Merchants Bank Co., a mid-sized lender that in recent years has built a strong franchise and reputation for quality service.3)China Mobile, the longstanding leader among China's telecommunications carriers, hasmore wireless subscribers than any other company in the world with 493 million subscribers as of June.4)Lenovo, which was late to introduce consumer PCs at a time when commercial saleshave declined around the world, suffered more than its competitors from waning global PC sales and was losing market share outside of China.5)Baidu, Google Inc.'s chief rival in China and the country's most popular Web site, hasrebounded after some negative publicity last year over its sales practices that sent the company's shares plunging.2.Terms translation1)yet posts videos on Facebook of "uber cute" kittens2)In all that information you're posting about your life3)who continued to lend at a rapid clip even as Western financial institutions tightenedcredit4)Of the top five spots in the Chinese survey results, four went to tech giants.5)most didn't place in the top 10 in the Asia 200 financial-reputation categoryUNIT 5 CourtesyI．Vocabulary Builder1.Word match1) c 2) g 3) a 4) i 5) b 6) j 7) h 8) d 9) f 10)e2.Synonym finder1) compunction 2) conscience 3) remorse 4) guilt5) accused 6) alleged 7) confronted 8) criticize9) divide 10) minus 11) plus 12) times13) stealing 14) snitching 15) plagiarized 16) pilfered3.Word formation1) summit 2) consummate 3) summarized 4) consume 5)summation6) morality 7) demoralized 8) morale 9) immoral 10) moral II．Sentence Structure1.Sentence combination1)My native state of South Carolina, which is not much smaller than present-day Hungary,once imagined a future for itself as an independent country.2)He was ostracized as a child, not because he was a Jew—his parents weren't veryreligious anyhow—but because he had been born with two clubfeet, a condition that, in those days, required institutionalization and a succession of painful operations.3)Wise he was, indeed, but Mr. Teszler also had a wonderful sense of humor.4)Women were slightly more courteous than men and, oddly, both groups weresignificantly more polite towards their own sex.5)Many in the latter category said they were too busy or couldn't be bothered to stop, buta significant minority was more scared of crime -- or being seen as a criminal -- thanrude.2.Terms translation1)he was as smart as he was modest2)And in a twist you would not believe in a Steven Spielberg film3)Mr. Teszler took the precaution of having cyanide capsules placed in lockets that couldbe worn about his neck and those of his family.4)They have a reputation for being big-headed, but New Yorkers showed they arebig-hearted too,5)Toronto, Canada, came third among our 35 citiesUNIT 6 JapanI．Vocabulary Builder1.Word match1) j 2) e 3) h 4) a 5) i 6) c 7) b 8) g 9) f 10) d2.Synonym finder1) rejecting 2) declined 3) shunned 4) turned him down5) goldmine 6) lucrative 7) favourable 8) profitable9) welfare 10) safety 11) security 12) haven13) dealings 14) industry 15) venture 16) business3.Word formation1) intended 2) tendentious 3) distend 4) ostensible 5) portent6) contention 7) tend 8) superintendence 9) pretensions 10)HypertensionII．Sentence Structure1.Sentence combination1)For that reason, a growing number of Japanese women seem to believe that work as ahostess, which can easily pay $100,000 a year, and as much as $300,000 for the biggest stars, makes economic sense.2)In a 2009 survey of 1,154 high school girls, by the Culture Studies Institute in Tokyo,hostessing ranked No. 12 out of the 40 most popular professions, ahead of public servant (18) and nurse (22).3)Young women are drawn nonetheless to Cinderella stories like that of Eri Momoka, asingle mother who became a hostess and worked her way out of penury to start a TV career and her own line of clothing and accessories.4) A recent New York Times article described the Japanese profession of hostessing, whichinvolves entertaining men at establishments where customers pay a lot to flirt and drink with young women (services that do not, as a rule, involve prostitution).5)Learning individual names, affiliations, titles and personal attributes while drinking andpaying attention to each customer’s needs, demands physical exertion and mental gymnastics.2.Terms translation1)exhaustion from a life of partying is a more common hazard2)let alone at the relatively high pay that hostesses can earn3)are responsible in large part for creating the illusion among even young girls that this issome kind of a glamorous profession4)endorsed the goal of creating a gender-equal society based on respect for the humanrights of women and men,5)But does hostessing bring women a rosy life and socioeconomic mobilityUNIT 7 AfghanistanI．Vocabulary Builder1.Word match1) e 2) h 3) b 4) i 5) d 6) j 7) a 8)f 9) g 10) c2.Synonym finder1) hampering 2) dogged 3) plagued 4) hinder5) led 6) head up 7) running 8) headed9) enjoy 10) blessed 11) boasts 12) possess13) rate 14) levels 15) amount 16) extent3.Word formation1) repeal 2) repulse 3) propelled 4) pulsation 5)compulsive6) figuration 7) prefigured 8) disfigured 9) effigy 10)transfiguredII．Sentence Structure1.Sentence combination1)Poya is a contestant in The Candidate, a reality TV show that follows six Afghans aged 22or younger as they compete to develop the policies, campaign and support necessary to win a poll of viewers voting by SMS text messages on their mobile phones.2)There had been some hope for a genuinely competitive election last spring whenseveral popular politicians announced plans to run for president, but Karzai responded by winning endorsements from key powerbrokers and making shrewd political alliances with former rivals, giving himself a commanding lead.3)Producers of The Candidate, which airs on the privately owned Tolo TV network, arehoping to help by focusing Afghans on what they want from their political leaders.4)In the space of a single week, a string of disturbing military and political events revealednot just the extraordinary burdens that lie ahead for the Americans and Afghans toiling to create a stable nation, but the fragility of the very enterprise itself.5)On Tuesday, four American soldiers on patrol near in the southern city of Kandahar werekilled when their armored vehicle, known as a Stryker, struck a homemade bomb, now the preferred killer of American troops.2.Terms translation1)in which millions of viewers voted via text message every week for their favorite singer2)One of the critical problems we have in Afghanistan is that we have a personalityapproach to politics3) a rotating panel of judges rate the candidates based on presentation, strategy andpersuasiveness4)The show's contestants are given $1,300 a month to spend on real-world campaigningUNIT 8 PakistanI．Vocabulary Builder1.Word match1) d 2) i 3) h 4) b 5)j 6)a 7)c 8) e 9) g 10) f2.Synonym finder1) ache 2) spasm 3) pain 4) twinge5) reports 6) coverage 7) exclusive 8) story9) Trust 10) fund 11) charity 12) Aid13)transformation 14) shift 15) mutations 16) conversion3.Word formation1) forgives 2) forlorn 3) forbidden 4) forgo 5) Forget6) assembly 7) simile 8) resembles 9) fascimile 10)simultaneousII．Sentence Structure1.Sentence combination1)But history moves quickly in Pakistan, and after months of televised Taliban cruelties,broken promises and suicide attacks, there is a spreading sense — apparent in the news media, among politicians and the public —that many Pakistanis are finally turning against the Taliban.2)But it seems especially profound among the millions of Pakistanis directly threatened bythe Taliban advance from the tribal areas into more settled parts of Pakistan, like the Swat Valley.3)Finally, the military agreed to a truce in February that all but ceded Swat to the Talibanand allowed the insurgents to impose Islamic law, or Shariah.4)Benazir Bhutto, who was assassinated at age 54 on Thursday in the Pakistani city ofRawalpindi, spent three decades navigating the turbulent and often violent world of Pakistani politics, becoming in 1988 the first woman to be democratically elected to leada modern Muslim country.5)Under detention at the time, Ms. Bhutto was allowed to visit her father before hisexecution at Rawalpindi’s central prison, only a short distance from the site of the rally where she was killed nearly three decades later.2.Terms translation1)and provoked a characteristic response2)he quickly fell into a bitter dispute with Ms. Bhutto over the family’s political legacy3)only to be ousted by Pakistan’s president in 1990, having served less than half her term4)Her ouster, on both occasions, sparked only sporadic protests across Pakistan5)who presented herself on public platforms as the standard-bearer for Pakistan’simpoverished massesUNIT 9 IndiaI．Vocabulary Builder1.Word match1) e 2) h 3) j 4) d 5) a 6) c 7)i 8) f 9) g 10) b2.Synonym finder1) riddle 2) enigma 3) mystery 4) puzzle5) favouritism 6) preferential treatment 7) discrimination 8) nepotism9) share 10) doled out 11) allotted 12) distributed13) ordered 14) set out 15) arranging 16) Line up3.Word formation1) conceivable 2) interception 3) recipient's 4) anticipate 5) deceit6) inflammatory 7) effulgent 8) flagrant 9) inflammable 10) flameII．Sentence Structure1.Sentence combination1)Researchers at the International Food Policy Research Institute have found that whileincreasing women’s decision-making power would reduce discrimination against girls in some parts of South Asia, it would make things worse in the north and west of India.2)In China and in the north and west of India, the spread of ultrasound technology, whichcan inform parents of the sex of their fetus, has turned a pool of missing girls into an ocean.3)N eighbors who didn’t own land, who’ve watched their friends get rich while they stayedbehind, often don’t feel quite as sanguine about the ch anges.4)Around here, where a way of life is disappearing and no one knows what will take itsplace, where someone seems to lose for everyone who wins, it’s a lot harder to know what to make of India’s economic boom.5)There’s a tendency, in much of the media,both domestic and foreign, to greet thechange sweeping across India either with unbridled optimism or excessive pessimism.2.Terms translation1)the bias against girls was far more pronounced there than in the poorer region2)those aborted, killed as newborns or dead in their first few years from neglect3)Development seemed to have not only failed to help many Indian girls but to have madethings worse.4)because they are denied the health care and the education that their brothers receive5)Nor does a rise in a w oman’s autonomy or power in the family necessarily counteractprejudice against girlsUNIT 10 HaitiI．Vocabulary Builder1.Word match1) g 2) d 3) b 4) h 5) i 6) a 7)f 8) j 9) c 10) e2.Synonym finder1) intuition 2) sixth sense 3) gut feeling 4) instinct5) residents 6) locals 7) citizens 8) inhabitants9) implore 10) plead for 11) impose on 12) appealed13) appeal 14) retrial 15) Tribunal 16) hearing3.Word formation1) tenet 2) sustain 3) detained 4) maintain 5)tenement6) abstained 7) entertain 8) pertain 9) continent 10) retain II．Sentence Structure1.Sentence combination1)Almost instinctively, he and a group of 11 people, including a restaurant manager, aschool principal, an accountant, a flight attendant and a truck driver figured out how to get down to the island nation.2)With roads wiped out by landslides, we drove 2.5 hours to Pedernales, a town on thewestern coast of the DR, where we hoped to pick up a boat the rest of the way to Haiti.3)They were detained as they tried to take 33 Haitian children whom the Baptists said hadbeen orphaned into the neighboring Dominican Republic.4)On Tuesday, Reginald Brown, an American lawyer for Jim Allen, one of the detainees,wrote to Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton, asking her to personally get involved in the case.5)In recent news reports, Bill Clinton, the former US president, was described as workingon such a plan, while Dominique Strauss-Kahn, the head of the International Monetary Fund, called for a “Marshall plan for Haiti”, with foreign governments, companies and NGOs doing the rebuilding and foreign investment setting up factories.2.Terms translation1)Haitian prosecutors have charged the Americans with kidnapping and criminalassociation2)Our point was to draw attention to the plight of Haitian orphans3)the unprecedented situation that exists in Haiti now requires a response beyond whatwould be expected in the ordinary course4)and those same aid agencies are ready to repeat the same mistakes as before5)ranks countries on 10 indicators of how easy the local government makes it for a localcitizen to start and run a businessUNIT 11 EducationI．Vocabulary Builder1.Word match1) a 2) j 3) d 4) h 5)b 6)i 7)f 8) g 9) c 10) e2.Synonym finder1) absorbed 2) assimilate 3) digest 4) taking in5) locations 6) venue 7)site 8) spot9) mission 10) project 11) undertaking 12) assignment13) beaming 14) grinning 15) smirking 16) leered3.Word formation1) victor 2) evicted 3) conviction 4) vanquish 5)convincible6) revoked 7) vociferous 8) equivocal 9) advocate 10) vocal II．Sentence Structure1.Sentence combination1)House alumni —only one or two will stay on as “sophomore ambassadors” — are beingencouraged to take advantage of a new university wide support program to smooth the way to the second year.2)Colleges nationwide are trying to address the special needs of first-generation students,including thecolleges below, which have received grants for innovative approaches to recruiting and retaining them.3)I was more concerned with finding a hook that would set me apart from the tens ofthousands of other applicants, who were, of course, trying to do the same thing.4)Looking through the brochures accumulated on endless campus visits, I didn’t find manyschools that offered bachelor’s degrees to people who studied a random assort ment of languages, and wanderlust made me reluctant to choose one.5)Turns out she was investigating the neurological underpinnings of syntactic structure,using functional M.R.I. to determine where in the brain certain elements of sentence processing take place.2.Terms translation1)But once in, many were failing.2)no alcohol or overnight visitors, midnight curfew on weeknights and 3 a.m. on weekends3)She understands all too well the gravitational pull that home can exert.4)This past year, the residents’ grades ra nged from struggling-to-achieve-C’s to dean’s list.5)At my affluent public high school, potential pre-meds and Wall Streeters (yes, at age 17)lined the hallways.UNIT 12 Science and TechnologyI．Vocabulary Builder1.Word match1) e 2)f 3) i 4) c 5) j 6) a 7)h 8) b 9) g 10) d2.Synonym finder1) nominated 2) selects 3) appointed 4) named5) friendly 6) amiable 7) pleasant 8) warm9) responsible 10) reasonable 11) mature 12) sensible13) crawling 14) inching 15) creep 16) edging3.Word formation1) probation 2) disproved 3) reproved 4) Probationers 5) proof6) quashes 7) discuss 8) repercussions 9) percussion 10)concussedII．Sentence Structure1.Sentence combination1)People are starting to think of underwater archaeology as focused not just on nauticalhistory, but on the prehistoric landscape that existed when glaciers had water tied up and sea levels were much lower.2)He cites recent research suggesting that tributylin, a common pollutant used as apreservative and pesticide, impacts cells at even tiny concentrations and could be contribute to a rise in human obesity.3)The 17-mile (27-kilometer) long particle collider is designed to probe the mysteries ofthe big bang and illuminate puzzling phenomena like dark matter, an invisible material that neither emits nor reflects light, yet accounts for the vast majority of mass in the universe.4)While the computer scientists agreed that we are a long way from Hal, the computerthat took over the spaceship in “2001: A Space Odyssey,” they said there was legitimate concern that technological progress would transform the work force by destroying a widening range of jobs, as well as force humans to learn to live with machines that increasingly copy human behaviors.5)Impressed and alarmed by advances in artificial intelligence, a group of computerscientists is debating whether there should be limits on research that might lead to loss of human control over computer-based systems that carry a growing share of society’s workload, from waging war to chatting with customers on the phone.2.Terms translation1)By monitoring these genetic variants season to season2)became the first to use a telescope for astronomical observation3)and that is hand in glove with the story of how galaxies formed and evolved4)These changes have been largely generated by the activities of different kinds oforganisms.5)genomic data will likely be used to create drugs customized to individuals.UNIT 13 Health and TechnologyI．Vocabulary Builder1.Word match1) c 2)f 3)b 4)i 5)j 6)d 7) a 8) h 9) e 10)g2.Synonym finder1) skilled 2) brilliant 3) outstanding 4) expert5) principal 6) key 7) main 8) predominant9) recommendations 10) guidance 11) counselling 12) tip13) desire 14) compulsion 15) longing 16) urge3.Word formation1) hypothecate 2) hypocrisy 3) hyperactive 4) hypothesis 5)Hypersonic6) Corps 7) corpulent 8) corporation 9) incorporated 10) corpse II．Sentence Structure1.Sentence combination1)With many villages having no clean water or basic sanitation, let alone reliable access toclinics and doctors, modern wizardry like molecular diagnostics and digital medical records seem irrelevant.2)As an HIV patient herself, Ms Thabethe was so incensed by this state of affairs that shehelped start iTeach, an outreach programme based at one of the busiest hospitals in KwaZulu-Natal.3)Using a form of text messaging similar to SMS, this sends out up to a million shortmessages a day, encouraging the recipients in their local language to contact the national AIDS hot line.4)The most promising applications of mHealth for now are public-health messaging,stitching together smart medical grids, extending the reach of scarce health workers and establishing surveillance networks for infectious diseases.5)One lesson emerging from these various experiments is that the visible face of anymHealth or e-health scheme, regardless of where it operates, needs to be as simple and user-friendly as possible, whereas the hidden back end should use sophisticated software and hardware.2.Terms translation1)he delivered a speech at a conference on technology for the developing world2)Last year Mr Gates stepped down from Microsoft to run his family’s charitablefoundation3)Given the risk-averse culture of the health systems of the rich world4)despite recent advances in tackling the disease5)it sidesteps the stigma as mobile phones are very personalUNIT 14 GlobalizationI．Vocabulary Builder1.Word match1) g 2) c 3) e 4)j 5)b 6) h 7)a 8) d 9) i 10) f2.Synonym finder1) today 2) now 3) in this day and age 4) nowadays5) amazed 6) staggered 7) astounded 8) astonished9) commendation 10) praise 11) compliment 12) recognition13) deflated 14) discouraged 15) disenchanted 16) let down3.Word formation1) radix 2) eradicated 3) radicle 4) radical 5)eradicator6) acquitted 7) requite 8) unrequited 9) quitter 10) quit II．Sentence Structure1.Sentence combination1)It became a global brand in 2005, when it paid around $1.75 billion for thepersonal-comp uter business of one of America’s best-known companies, IBM—including the ThinkPad laptop range beloved of many businessmen.2)Lenovo’s Chinese R&D labs developed a button that recovers a computer system within60 seconds of a crash, essential in countries with an unreliable power supply.3)Mr Yang even moved his family to live in North Carolina to allow him to learn moreabout American culture and to improve his already respectable command of English, the language of global business.4)This is despite plenty of academic evidence that open economies generally do betterthan closed ones, that in America in particular many more and generally better jobs have been created in recent years than have been destroyed, and that the number of jobs lost to outsourcing is tiny compared with those wiped out by technological innovation.5)The growing role of states that often lack democratic credentials creates a sense thatthe competition from emerging-economy champions and investors is unfair, and that rich-country firms may lose out to less well-run competitors which enjoy subsidised capital, help from political cronies or privileged access to resource supplies.2.Terms translation1)and talking more about the fate of humanity as a whole2)with emerging-market companies now competing furiously against rich-country ones3)such was its confidence in its own brand。

美英报刊文章阅读第四版课后练习题含答案第一篇文章题目：“Why Our Screens Make Us Less Happy”作者认为什么是人们在使用屏幕时感到不愉快的主要原因？答案：作者认为，人们在使用屏幕时感到不愉快的主要原因是因为屏幕的使用会干扰人类的自然生活方式和社交联系。

第二篇文章题目：在《Starbucks Didn’t Fix Racism at Its Stores. It Just Invited Us to Talk About It》这篇文章中，作者提到了什么措施可以改善种族歧视问题？答案：《Starbucks Didn’t Fix Racism at Its Stores. It Just Invited Us to Talk About It》这篇文章中，作者提到了在Starbucks店内进行种族平等培训是改善种族歧视的一种措施，同时也提到了在社交媒体上与大众交流和讨论种族平等问题的重要性。

第三篇文章题目：《In a Small Arizona City, Trump’s Border Wall Is Already Dividing People》这篇文章中，作者讨论了哪些社会问题？答案：《In a Small Arizona City, Trump’s Border Wall Is Already Dividing People》这篇文章中，作者讨论了墨西哥边境上正在建造的特朗普的边境墙带来的社会问题，包括对当地社区和环境的影响，以及墙带来的政治分歧。

第四篇文章题目：《The Hottest Restaurants in Charleston, S.C.》这篇文章主要介绍了什么？答案：《The Hottest Restaurants in Charleston, S.C.》这篇文章主要介绍了位于美国南卡罗来纳州查尔斯顿市的一些最受欢迎的餐厅和美食文化。

第五篇文章题目：《When Mental Illness Comes for Our Children》这篇文章主要讨论了什么问题？答案：《When Mental Illness Comes for Our Children》这篇文章主要讨论了青少年精神疾病的问题，包括如何注意症状、如何寻求帮助以及如何应对这些问题。

美英报刊阅读教程高级本精选版课后练习题含答案简介美英报刊阅读教程高级本精选版是一本针对英语读者的阅读教材，旨在提升读者的英语阅读能力。

本书涵盖了各种不同主题的文章，包括科学、技术、商业、文学、历史、政治等方面。

本书的课后练习题旨在帮助读者进一步巩固所学知识，提高阅读能力。

精选练习题1.根据文章中的信息回答问题文章标题：Living with RobotsAccording to a new report, robots are going to have a big impact on our lives in the future. The report predicts that within the next 10 years, robots will be part of our everyday lives in avariety of ways.One area where robots are already being used is in the home.For example, there are already robots that can help with housework, like vacuuming and doing the dishes. There are also robots beingdeveloped that can help older people live independently for longer.Question: What is the report about?Answer: The report predicts that within the next 10 years, robots will be part of our everyday lives in a variety of ways.2.根据单词或短语填空文章标题：The Benefits of Learning a Second LanguageStudies have shown that learning a second language has many benefits for the brn. It can improve cognitive function and delay the onset of Alzheimer’s di sease.Fill in the gaps with the correct words or phrases:–Learning a second language can improve _______ function and _______ the onset of Alzheimer’s disease.Answer: cognitive, delay3.根据上下文填空文章标题：The Future of Space TravelThere have been many exciting developments in space travel in recent years. However, some experts are concerned about the risks involved in sending astronauts on long missions to other planets.Fill in the gaps with the correct words:–There have been many exciting developments in _______ travel in recent years.–Some experts are concerned about the risks involved in sending astronauts on _______ missions to other planets.Answer: space, long4.根据性质分类文章标题：The Science of DreamsDreams are a natural part of the sleep cycle. They are produced by the brn during REM sleep, which occurs several timesduring the night. Dreams can be vivid and complex, and are ofteninfluenced by our thoughts and experiences during the day.Classify the following into natural or influenced by thoughts and experiences:–Vivid and complex dreams–Dreams produced during REM sleepAnswer: Vivid and complex dreams are influenced by thoughts and experiences. Dreams produced during REM sleep are natural.5.根据情境回答问题文章标题：The Importance of ReadingReading is an important skill that can help you in many areas of your life. It can improve your vocabulary andcomprehension skills, and can also help you to relax and reducestress.Question: How can reading help you in your life?Answer: Reading can improve your vocabulary and comprehension skills, and can also help you to relax and reduce stress.结语本文提供了几道精选练习题，旨在帮助读者更好地巩固所学知识，提高阅读能力。

英美报刊选读考到的课本问题及答案Lesson ElevenIs America’s new declinism for real1. What is the difference between the latest global trends report and the one issued four years ago?The latest report foresees world in which the US plays a prominent role in global events，butthe US is seen as one among many global actors". The report issued four years ago had projected "continuing US dominance".2. What does "new declinism" mean?It means that Americans，especially theintellectuals，think that America is in decline. They have lost the aggressive confidence of the Bush years and the "unipolar moment". It is new because there were times in US history when people had similar thoughts.3. What are the reasons of the new declinism?There are three reasons：First，the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have made it clear that US military supremacy does not automatically translate into political victory. Second，the rise of China and India suggests that America’s days as the world’s largest economy are numbered. Third, the financial crisis has fed the notion that the US is living beyond its means and that something is badly wrong with the American model.4. What does William Wohlforth of Dartmouth College think of the new declinism?He pointed out that America may recover from the new declinism just like before and there may be a resurgence of American confidence.5. Why does the writer think that the new declinism may be more soundly based than the previous ones?Because he thinks that China may pose more challenge to the US than the Soviet Union and Japan since it has a large size and a record of sustained and dynamic economic growth..6. What do you think of America’s decline? And China’s rise?OpenLesson FifteenLibby Defense Portrays Client as a Scapegoat1. For what was I. Lewis Libby charged?Mr. Libby was charged for perjury and obstruction of justice because he was considered to have lied to investigators. He was charged with five felony accounts of lying to the grand jury and to officials of the Federal Bureau of Investigation who were investigating the leak of Ms. Wilson's name to Mr. Novak.2. How did Libby defend himself on the charges of perjury and obstruction of justice?Mr. Libby said that he believed he first learned about Ms. Wilson in a conversation with Tim Russert of NBC. He also told the grand jury that he had been taken aback by Mr. Russert’s information. He had testified that he did not discuss Ms. Wilson’s identity with Judith Miller，a former reporter for The Times,or with Matthew Cooper of Time magazine.3. How did Mr. Wells defend Mr. Libby?Trying to present the case as hopelessly complicated as possible, Mr. Wells spoke for nearly two and a half hours to leave the jurors in doubt about the validity of the charges. And he asserted that Mr. Libby had become enmeshed in legal difficulty because of White House efforts to protect Mr. Rove.4. Why did the White House intend to protect Mr. Rove?Because Mr. Rove was Mr. Bush’s right-hand man and "was most responsible for seeing the Republican Party stayed in office.”And he had a major role in guiding Mr. Bush's re-election campaign.5. Do you think the Bush administration had distorted intelligence about Iraqi efforts to obtain uranium? Why or why not?Yes，I think so. Because the weapons of mass destruction have not been found up to now.6. How do you understand Mr. Cheney’s words that "Not going to protect one staffer and sacrifice the guy who was asked to stick his neck in the meat grinder because of the incompetence of others?"Mr. Cheney means that he is not going to sacrifice Libby just for the purpose of protecting Mr. Rove.Mr. Cheney means that he is not going tosacrifice Libby just for the purpose ofprotecting Mr. Rove.Lesson EighteenA Race We Can All Win1. What are the different views between the author and some other American politicians on China? Why does he think so?Many American politicians have played tovoters’ economic insecurities by scapegoating China，while the author believes that China is not a threat to America，but an incredible opportunity. Since the author has worked 35 years in the private sector, and has run the nation's largest city for 6 years.2. What does the author see behind the growing Chinese economy?Although China emerges as an economic dynamo，the author has also seen the frailties underpinning its system. The increasingly congested roads and polluted air choke its economy and its people. The growth of cities is also exposing other fundamental long-term economic challenges，for instance，the education system is simply not producing enough skilled workers--- engineers，doctors，scientists and mangers. At the same time，health-care costs are skyrocketing.3. What common problems do both China and America meet? Give an example to illustrate how China is solving these problems.Both China and America have congestion，pollution，education, and rising health-care costs.4. Compared with China，what are the advantages for America to solve these problems? Do you agree with the author?The author advocates that America has a system of government that is far less corrupt and far more stable，owing to American democratic politics，free press and open, transparent markets.5. In the author's opinion, how can America meet the challenge?The Americans should prevent themselves from slowing down, which means overcoming the political inertia that has stopped them from investing in the 21st-century infrastructure that they need.6. Do you agree with the author’s opinions about China and the US? Please illustrate your own views with some examples.Open.Lesson NineteenWhy the Monarchy Must Stay1.What was Mr. Churchill’s view on Britain’s system of government? Do you agree withhim?a.he thought it was the best that man had yet devisedthough it was imperfect.b. Open.2. What role does Queen Elizabeth II play? Can she play a better role than an American president in a sense? Explain.a. she, as head of state, carries out ceremonial duties, and takes the political accountability while remaining above politics and taking no sides in any political debate.b. In the author’s view, she can. An American president is also the leader of a political party, so he can’t remain above politics.3. What power does Queen Elizabeth II have/ does Her Majesty have the real power to choose a prime minister? Why or why not?a. she can choose a prime minister, dissolve Parliament and declare war.b. No. she is a figurehead bound by the tradition, constitution and laws of the nation. She does it on the advice of Parliament.4. If the monarchy were abolished, what would things in Britain be like?The government, Parliament, nation, and Commonwealth would be turned upside down. Every nut and bolt of every one of Britain’s major institutions would have to be altered to make way for change.5. Do you know any scandals about some members of the royal family? Be specific.There are a couple of scandals involving the Queen’s sister and children. Apart from Camillagate 卡⽶拉门and Squidgygate 鱿鱼门事件, it was reported that Princess Michael ofKent had an affair with oil tycoon John Ward Hunt, a relative of the fabulously wealthy Bunker Hunt of Houston, U. S. A.6. Why must the monarchy stay? Can it keep a politician from holding all the powers? Do you think the monarchy must go? State the reasons.a. In the author’s view , it has served both the British Empire and the Commonwealth with great distinction. Besides, it is legitimate and accords with traditions.b. Yes, it can, but it is not the monarchy but the parliamentary democracy that can keep a politician from holding all the powers and becoming a dictator.c. It depends. It is the British people that can decide its future.Lesson TwentyThe Coming Conflict in the Arctic1.What issues would the two heads of states discuss at the Lobster Summit atKennebunkport?Putin and Bush spent most of their time at the “lobster summit” discussing how to prevent the growing tensions between their two countries caused by missile defense in Europe and the final status of Kosovo.2. What’s the real purpose of Russia’s claim to the vast area of the ice covered Arctic seabed?The claim is not really about territory, but rather about the huge hydrocarbon reserves that are hidden on the seabed under the Arctic ice cap. Since these newly discovered energy reserves will play a crucial role in the global energy balance as the existing reserves of oil and gas will be depleted over the next 20 years. And the Russian government wants to secure Russia’s long-term dominance over global energy markets.3. Why are the Arctic reserves so attractive to Arctic-rim countries?Because the whole world is in danger of depleting natural resources, and scientists estimate that the Arctic territory contains more than 10 billion tons of gas and oil deposits. That’s why the Arctic reserves will be of such crucial importance to the world’s energy future, though they are still largely unexplored.4. Why doesn’t international Law recognize Russia’s right to the entire Arctic seabed north of the Russian coastline?The U.S. government has been jealous of Russia’s attempts to project its dominance in the energy sector and has sought to limit opportunities for Russia to control export routes and energy deposits outside Russia’s territory. As a result, it refused to recognize Russia’s claim to the entire Arctic seabed and blocked the anticipated Russian bid.5. What is the viable scientific evidence supporting Russia's claim? What has boosted Russia's claim over the oil- and gas-rich triangle?After a group of Russian geologists taking a six-week voyage to the Lomonosov Ridge, they claimed the ridge was linked to Russian Federation territory. Their research boosted Russia’s claim over the oil-and gas-rich triangle. The latest findings are likely to prompt Russia to lodge another bid at the UN to secure its rights over the Arctic sea shelf.6. What is the US government’s attitude to the Russian claim? Why did President Bush urge the Senate to ratify the Law of the Sea Convention?The US government refused to recognize Russia’s claim and blocks the bid. President Bush urge the Senate to ratify the Law of the Sea Convention because , if the Senate ratified the Law of the Sea Convention, U. S. would have the same right to claim a 12 mile zone for territorial waters and a larger 200 mile economic zone in the Arctic territory.7. Why did the author say that it promises to be a tough fight?If the Russian government wants to get its Arctic claim approved, it should have a tough diplomatic fight with other countries, especially the U. S. government.。

Lesson 1Answers to the QuestionsV. 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. DVI.1. The three big milestones for America’s population are the following: 1915 when America’s population grew to 100 million, 1967 when America’s population increased to 200 million and 2006 when America’s population reached 300 million.2. America’s recent population growth has been extraordinary. Since 2000 alone, America has added 20 million people. In sharp contrast with America’s population increase, Europe’s birth rates have been plunging and Japan’s population has been shrinking.3. There are the following three trends: migration to the west and the south, sharp increase of immigrants and fast increase of the over-65 population.4. The fast growth of the South and the West has been buoyed by immigration, lower costs, and recreational opportunities.5. The major factor in the population growth is immigration. Since 2000 alone, there has been a 16 percent rise in the number of immigrants living in American households.6. The most striking difference is the change of the main source. Before 1967, the main source of immigrants was Western Europe. However, after President Johnson signed the Immigration and Naturalization Act in 1965 to stop racial and ethnic quotas for new immigrants, and once the Mexican economy tanked in the 1970s, immigrants from Mexico sharply increased. In Fort Wayne, nearly 80 percent of Hispanics are Mexican. An estimated 12 million undocumented immigrants now live in America.7. According to the article, the influx of new immigrants has caused the problem of racial tensions.8. Back in 1990, the median age in America was 22.9 years. But with people having fewer babies, that number started to climb. Lower fertility rates mean older populations. The baby boom caused a brief pause in this movement during the 1950s and 1960s, but the aging trend has since resumed. The median age is up to 36.5 and is expected to rise to 39 by 2030 before leveling off.9. People like Mayor Bill Saffo consider the senior citizens as a real asset because they are active in the community, and they work part-time and create businesses.10. Its main attractions are its great beaches, low cost of living and abundant golf courses.11. The enlarged senior population will overburden Social Security and Medicare, the two largest entitlement programs.OutlineI. Growth of America’s population(1—2)1. Population growth to 300 million in October, 20062. Extraordinary recent growth compared with other countriesII. America’s population trends and their impacts(3—4)1. Three broad trendsa. Migration to the west and the southb. Sharp increase of immigrantsc. Baby-boomers’ getting close to retirement age2. Great impacts of the trends on America’s culture, politics and economyIII. The new migration: case study of Boise(5—13)1. Boise’s fast development2. Challenge for city planners3. Four-decade migration pattern4. Factors in the fast growth5. Sources of new residents in Boise6. Developers’ purchase of land at a feverish pace7. Economic planners’ effort to attract solid jobsIV. Big wave of immigrants(14—19)1. Increase of ethnic diversity at Northwood Middle School2. Fort Wayne’s population composition change3. Fast growth of Hispanicsa. Example of Fort Wayneb. Example of Goshen4. Tensions caused by the influx of HispanicsV. Graying of America and its impacts(20—26)1. Onslaught of 77 million aging boomers2. Growth of America’s median age3. Impacts of senior people’s increase on the economy: case study of Wilmingtona. Attractions for the senior peopleb. Specific examples of Bill and Brydenc. Senior people’s contribution to the local economyVI. Prospects of America’s population change(27-31)1. Further acceleration of population growth2. Increase of population proportion of the South and the West3. Greater impacts of births by new immigrants4. Doubling of the over-65 population and the heavy loads on Social Security and MedicareLesson 2Answers to the QuestionsV. 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. DVI.1. Because they are pragmatic and resourceful in money matters. They not only work hard to earn more money, but also save for retirement, make investment and hedge against the unexpected.2. The first grim reality is that in about 30 years, just as the first of this age group step into retirement, the traditional Society Security System won’t be able to support them. The second one is the decreased job security today. The third one is that they carry more debt at their age than any other generation had. All these factors force them to pay more attention to money matters.3. Matures are “savers” whereas Xers are “hedgers”. Matures saved what they could so that their children might have more comfortable lives. But Xers do not have such an expectation. Their different attitudes toward money were shaped by the circumstances surrounding the youth. Aftereffects of the Depression and World War Ⅱforced the Matures to be self-sacrificing and frugal. Xers experienced many uncertainties and crises: the savings-and-loan debacle of the ‘80s, recession of the early ‘90s and parents’divorce. All these experiences have helped them to develop pragmatism and the habit of protecting against the expected.4. Because this generation is more interested and better versed in investment. A study by Amex shows that they take more risks on technology stocks.5. They are more eager to earn money through hard work and more interested in starting up their own businesses for profits.6. No. they are spending money to make the time before retirement a pleasure. They spend more money than Boomers did in the same span on stereos, cellphones, beepers, all new VW Jettas and GMC Sunfires.OutlineI. News Lead: general description of Gen-X(1—2)Definition: age span; total number; focus on money; buying powerII. Reasons for Xers’ focus on money(3—7)1. Survival instinct2. Early awareness of the unsafe cover of the social security system3. Faced with decreased job security4. Burdened with heavy debtIII. Measures taken to prepare for the future(8—24)1. Saving for retirement2. Hedging against the unexpected3. Investing in stocksa. Taking more risks on technology stocksb. Drawing more attention from investment firmsc. Showing more interest in forming clubs4. Money-first work ethica. More willing to work hard, take more job offersb. More interested in starting up their own businessesc. More preoccupied with money-makingIV. Xers’ purchasing power(25—26)1. Xers’ consumption pattern2. Reason for the consumption patternLesson 3Answers to the QuestionsV. 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. DVI.1. They found those Korean-Americans isolated and helpless, and recognized the attacks as a threat to Asians as a whole. For many Asian-Americans, the riots represented as an assault on their faith in America.2. The total population of Asian-Americans is about 7.3 million. Nearly 2.5 million arrived during the 1980s. The fastest increasing groups are Koreans and Vietnamese. About half of Asian immigrants settle on the Pacific coast while hundreds of thousands move on to New York and dozens of cities in between.3. They were brought to the United States in the 1860s to work on continental railroads as coolies. They were ill-treated and vilified as a “population befouled with all the social vices”. In 1887, there occurred the Snake River Massacre in Oregon, in which 31 Chinese were robbed and murdered.4. Asian families earn an average of $35,900 per year, more than the average for white families. However, as the Asian family is larger, their per capita income is actually less than that of white people.5. They are called the “model minority” because of their superiority to o ther races in habits of study and work. They are said to embody the American Dream of hard work, thrift and success. Asians, however, rebel against the model-minority label as another insidious stereotype. They think that it is a subtly racist excuse not to help underprivileged Asians and to hold back even average Asians on the ground that they already have “natural” advantages.6. Because they believe that Asian-Americans have accepted the white mainstream culture and white people love them for everything the blacks are not.7. They are making great efforts to preserve and acquire the Asian culture by improving their original language proficiency, attacking the model minority image and Asians who forget their original culture.8. The main obstacles are skin color and lack of English proficiency.9. The Indo-Chinese group is most noted for street gang activities. The main cause is unemployment.10. The ties within each small Asian group are close and family connections are strong. A key link in the system is rotating credit association. However, many Asians lack a larger sense of unity and bring ancient rivalries from native countries. Most Asian support groups are based on nationality or even smaller units.OutlineI. Impact of the Los Angeles riots(1—2)1. Korean sufferings and helpless state2. Assault on Asian-Americans’ faith in AmericaII. Racial bias against Asian-Americans(3—7)1. Asian immigrants’ uglified image in the past2. Present model-minority label and its harmful effects3. Resentment against Asians for their success and behavior4. Asians’ isolation from the rest of the society5. Boycotts and assaults on Asian businessesIII. American culture’s influence(8—12)1. Fast increase of Asian immigrants wishing to realize the American Dream2. Second generation’s tendency to abandon Asian values3. Identity crisis resulting from two cultures’ pull4. Young people’s efforts to preserve the original culture5. The least assimilated group: Chinatown residentsIV. Discrimination against Asians(13—17)1. Hurdles for assimilation2. Glass ceiling3. UnemploymentV. Similarities and differences between Asians and Blacks(18—21)1. Similar sufferings2. Similar spiritualities3. Asian-Americans’ less difficulty in shrugging off the legacy of discrimination4. First-generation Asian immigrants’ incredibly hardworking and thrifty characterVI. Asians’ ties and political status(22—24)1. Close community ties2. Lack of a larger sense of unity3. Underrepresentation at all government levelsVII. Author’s view concerning the development of Asians’ sentiment(25) Unlikely to become a wider political movementLesson 4Answers to the QuestionsV. 1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. CVI.1. The author thinks so because New Hampshire is a politically active state. From the interplay of candidates and the press to the frenetic energy of campaign volunteers, no other state provides as many opportunities to see politics in action.2. The aim of the course was to see and learn about as many political candidates as possible and observe their relationships with media and potential voters.3. Politics and media are clearly intertwined in shaping the national political agenda. What makes the relationship even more complex is a greater public voice utilizing various means to engage citizen participants in the unfolding story.4. As the multitude of channels that bombard us on a daily basis and inundate them with messages from all directions, the impact of any single message is often diffused as audiences selectively tune in and pay attention to only certain messages.5. According to early deterministic theories, media were all-powerful and capable of shaping human behavior in significant ways.6. Major corporations’ control of the media has the following two impacts. First, it underscores the fact that most media outlets are profit-generating enterprises and maintain stock holders. Therefore, creating news coverage that can enhance ratings and increase viewership is always the first goal. Furthermore, these profit-making goals often directly contrast with the requirements of responsible, objective journalism. A second impact is the lack of diversity. As corporation ownership narrows, power lies in the hands of a few, making it difficult for diverse voices to be heard. These monopolies tend to create a mainstream mentality that makes it especially difficult for marginalized voices to gain publicity.7. The bloggers are often called “the Sixth Estate” because they exert great influence on politics. They can provide an added level of transparency to the process and transform how the public access and absorb political news. Through careful fact-checking, scathing critiques, and dialogue, these web journals written by journalists, professors, and average citizens provide another layer of influence as they attempt to ensure that political claims are substantiated and well-developed.8. Through email and websites, candidates can often bypass traditional media and directly interact with the public in an electronic form of direct mail that is relatively inexpensive and far more expedient. Candidates and their surrogates send daily e-mail messages to supporters and potential voters, keeping them apprised of critical moments, popularity surges, and the need to send more money to maintain momentum. Websites generate armies of political supporters willing to give money and work locally for their candidates. Electronic bulletin boards keep voters informed about candidate sightings and other political events. These technological developments and candidates’ ability to embrace the new technologies will help the public to become more interested in elections.9. According to the author, the victory pose of the two leaders illustrates the role visual power has in establishing authority and credibility for the incoming president. The uncritical coverage of Medvedev angered many bloggers as they attempted to identify the characteristics of Medvedev and his relationship with Putin, while also pointing out the merits of other political candidates.10. Kenya’s blogging community has been playing a highly vibrant role in the country’s politics. Over 60 blog sites devoted specifically to the Kenyan election process discuss the violence and unrest that has resulted from perceived fraudulent activities, involving vote tabulations that put incumbent president Mwai Kabaki back in power. When the government instituted a media blackout, blogs were critical in spreading the latest news. Even after the blackout was lifted, bloggers were faster and more detailed in their reporting about the latest clashes than were other news sources. Blogs are attempting to tell the story in ways that reflect the pain and struggle of the Kenyan people.11. Considering the new realities, media outlets must find multiple ways to feed consumers and new ways to maintain viability.12. The public can increase their political literacy by becoming more aware of these integrated systems. They can learn how to analyze the ways candidates shape messages to acquire media attention and how media outlets support much of this shaping.OutlineI. New Hampshire as an ideal place for the study of U.S. politics(1-2)1. Strong primary election atmosphere in Manchester, New Hampshire2. New Hampshire’s better conditions for the study of media, politics and citizen participationa. Providing more opportunities for the observation of U.S. politics in actionb. Providing an early view of something profound happeningII. Relationship between media, politics and citizen participation(3-6)1. Inextricable link between politics and media2. Influence of citizen participation through Internet social networks and blogging sites3. Changes in the ways of media’s influence on politics4. Nature of media influenceIII. Media plurality’s impact on politics(7-8)1. Diffusion of media messages’ impact2. Difficulty in gauging media’s influence on politicsIV. Media ownership changes and their impacts(9-10)1. Major corporations’ control of the media2. Impacts of major corporations’ controla. More emphasis on profitsb. Reduction of diversity in viewsV. Technological development and its impacts on politics(11-12)1. Interactive technology and new way of civic engagement in politics2. Personalization of electronic messages between the candidate and potential votersVI. Shifting influences in media and increased citizens’ political participation in the international arena(13-17)1. Politicians’ learning ways to stage political influence2. Case of Russia’s electiona. Government’s use of the victory pose for political influenceb. Challenge posed by bloggers’ reportingc. Government’s consideration of legislation to control blogging3. Case of the Pakistan’s electiona. Websites’ reflection of citizens’ anger over U.S. involvementb. More engaged citizenry4. Case of Kenya’s electionBloggers’ efforts to expose the fraudulent activities in the election5. Internet’s tremendous potential in shaping future campaign and electionsVII. Prediction about the evolution of politics, media and civil participation in the future(18-21)1. Further development of online networks and growth of their influence2. Need for political literacy and the way to increase literacy3. Positive effect of creating a more civil discourse4. Politician s’ continuous use of the art of persuasionLesson 5Answers to the QuestionsV. 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. DVI.1. Because they regard First Amendment freedom as essential American rights and will not allow any restriction on it.2. Because it holds the view that the reform will place restriction on individual rights and therefore should be fiercely resisted.3. Because the situation is not the same as before. In the 1950s, McCarthy and his inquisitors trampled the free expression of left-wing view; and so for the next two decades or so it was essential to defend the principle of free speech at every opportunity. Now the free speech is not in jeopardy, it should not be rigidly defended.4. Mr. Neuborne holds that in modern political campaign rich candidates flood voters with commercials and propaganda of every kind, so that others have no chance of attracting attention. Poor candidates may enjoy the right to speak, but not the hope that everyone will hear what they have to say. To give them a hearing, he suggests that the speech of rich candidates be limited.5. The authors mean that the situation now is different from that of the 1960s. Americans should not abide by the same principle in spite of the change of time. In the 1960s heyday, the ACLU wasabsolutely correct in upholding citizens’ rights against the police and other authorities. This was because they did not reflect the interests of America’s black minority. However, all that has now changed: many policemen, and police chiefs, are black, as are many mayors. If these leaders, reflecting the wishes of their constituencies, choose to adopt tough measures to fight crime, the ACLU should not presume to second-guess them. It’s time to adopt a different attitude.6. The ACLU’s rigid defence of rights ends up favoring the strong more than the weak.7. He thinks that America’s free speech has a price. Though America has been one of the freest countries in the world, it is one of those in which the gap between the rich and poor is the starkest.OutlineI. The burial of the campaign finance reform and its implications(1)II. Two sides’ views on the reform(2)1. Opponents’ view2. Majority’s viewIII. American public’s qualified support for free speech(3—5)1. Firm belief in the first amendment2. Strong support for the campaign finance reform3. Deep split within the ACLU over the campaign financeIV. Criticism of the ACLU’s rigid defence of rights(6—11)1. Burt Neuborne’s view on the ACLU’s line on campaign spending2. Tracey Meares and Dan Kahan’s criticism of the ACLU’s other issuesV. Author’s comment(12) Liberty has a price.Lesson 6Answers to the QuestionsV. 1. D 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. BVI.1. It indicates that Microsoft corp. has tight control over the software business.2. The present honeymoon will not last long. The industry does not speak with one voice. At the same time, their success has greatly damaged the interests of other industries. So there will be troubles ahead. Besides this, there’s also potential for a huge culture clash. A lot of Silicon Valleytypes don’t realize the importance of politics and have disdain for government.3. President Clinton promised to keep the Internet tax-free for now and Hewlett Packard Co. won approval to export sophisticated cryptography chips. The 1986 semiconductor trade agreement was signed to stop the dumping of Japanese chips in the US and set market-share goals for US chips in Japan.4. The industry believes that government should do what it needs to do but leave them alone. The software tycoons have little patience for bureaucratic oversight and tend to be uncompromising. The hardware tycoons are willing to look for compromise.5. They are: easing immigration restriction; securities-litigation reform and ending export limit of encryption technology.6. The Internet and electronic commerce have been rearranging the business landscape—changing how Americans buy everything. They are spreading into all sorts of digital services, from entertainment to online banking to telephony.7. Because high-tech leaders have realized that the industry’s future is less about technology and more about policy.OutlineI. Close contact between high tech industry and Washington politicians(1—2)1. Specific example: Bill Gates and Scott G. McNealy’s attendance at the March 3 hearing of the Senate Judiciary Committee2. Increasing contact between high tech industry and Washington policy makersII. Reasons for the close relationship(3—6)1. High tech industry’s fast expansion and the appearance of more issues2. Politicians’ strong interest in the job growth industry3. Increasing conflicts between high tech industry and other industries4. High tech industry’s urgent need for solution to many problemsIII. Relationship between high tech industry and government(7—11)1. Good relationship at present2. Difficulties in maintaining the honeymoon3. Need for high tech new executives to learn lobbyingIV. Efforts made by high tech companies at lobbying(12—14)1. Computer companies’ fight for a high-definition TV format2. The establishment of Washington offices3. Crusade to fight alleged Japanese dumping of computer chipsV. Problems with the high tech industry(15—16)1. Lack of unity2. Little patience for bureaucratic oversightVI. Objectives of the high tech executives(17—18)1. Easing immigration restriction and securities litigation reform2. Ending limit on the export encryption technologyVII. Prospects(19) High tech executives will quickly learn how to play the Washington political gameLesson 7Answers to the QuestionsV. 1. A 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. DVI.1. The U.S. faces a violent contradiction between its long republican tradition and its more recent imperial ambitions. The contradiction will be resolved in one of two ways. Rome attempted to keep its empire and lost its democracy. Britain chose to remain democratic and in the process let go its empire. The U.S. is well embarked on the course of non-democratic empire.2. During the Depression that preceded WWII, the English economist John Keynes, a liberal capitalist, proposed a form of governance that would mitigate the boom-and-bust cycles inherent in capitalist economies. To prevent the economy from contracting, Keynes suggested that the government should take on debt in order to put people back to work. He was not averse to creating make-work tasks if necessary. During periods of prosperity, the government would cut spending and rebuild the treasury.3. Upon taking office in 1933, Franklin Roosevelt put several Keynesian measures into effect, including socialized retirement plans, minimum wages for all workers, and government-financed jobs on massive projects, including the Triborough Bridge in New York City, the Grand Coulee Dam in Washington, and the Tennessee Valley Authority, a flood-control and electric-power-generation complex covering seven states.4. Between 1940 and 1996, the U.S. spent nearly $4.5 trillion on the development, testing, and construction of nuclear weapons. By 1967, the U.S. possessed some 32,000 deliverable bombs. None of them was ever used. The author believes that this illustrates perfectly Keynes’s observation that in order to create jobs, the government might as well decide to bury money in old mines and “leave them to private enterprise on the well-tried principles of laissez faire to dig them up again.” His view is that those nuclear bombs were not just America’s secret weapon but also a secret economic weapon because such spending helped create economic growth.5. When evaluating the real weight of military Keynesianism in the American economy today, one must approach official defense statistics with great care. The “defense” budget does not include: the Department of Energy’s spending on nuclear weapons, the Department of Homeland Security’s outlays for the actual “defense”of the US, the Department of Veterans Affairs’responsibilities for the lifetime care of the seriously wounded or the billions of dollars the Department of State spends each year to finance foreign arms sales and militarily related development or payments of pensions to military retirees and widows and their families. Still to be added are interest payments by the Treasury to cover past debt-financed defense outlays.6. By the term “feedback loop”, the author means that American presidents know that military Keynesianism tends to concentrate power in the executive branch, and so presidents who seek greater power have a natural inducement to encourage further growth of the military-industrial complex. So the phenomena feed on each other, based not on the demand for defense but rather on the available supply of money.7. In pursuit of more power, Bush and Cheney have unilaterally authorized preventive war against nations they designate as needing “regime change”, directed American solders to torture persons they have seized and imprisoned in various countries, ordered the National Security Agency to carry out illegal “data mining”surveillance of the American people, and done everything they could to prevent Congress from outlawing “cruel, inhumane, or degrading”treatment of people detained by the US.8. The War Power Act requires that the president obtain congressional approval within 90 days of ordering troops into combat. No, no president has ever acknowledged the legitimacy of the War Powers Act, and these so-called limitations on presidential powers had been gutted, ignored long before Cheney became Vice President.9. According to John Yoo, in peacetime, Congress enacts laws, the President enforces them, and the courts interpret them. But in war time, the gravity shifts to the executive branch.10. No, the judicial is not effective in restraining presidential ambition. The Supreme Court was active in the installation of the current president, and the lower courts increasingly are packed with judges who believe they should defer to his wishes.11. According to the author, economic bankruptcy would mean a drastic lowering of the current American standard of living, a loss of control over international affairs, a process of adjusting to the rise of other powers.OutlineI. Key judgements(1-3)1. Contradiction between the republican tradition and imperial ambitions2. Unsustainable conflict between the republican tradition and imperial ambnitions3. Economic and political collapse as the most likely endingII. Growth of military Keynesianism(4-8)1. America’s hegemonic policy as the inevitable result of Keynesianism2. Keynesianism and its aim3. Roosevelt’s application of several Keynesian measures4. Emergence of military Keynesianism5. Difference between Keynesianism and military KeynesianismIII. Impacts of military Keynesianism(9-15)1. Massive shift to armament industry in the US。

Lesson one Home at last1. Not only had China changed dramatically since most of them had left but also the nation could offer more personal freedoms and economic opportunities than ever before.2. Most of them like to go in for ecommerce.3. Because IT is the leading industry now.4. They want to gain experience in the States before they come back.5. It is the complicated relationship and the uncertainty of our human resource management system.6. It means some of the HBS elite have made their final decision to return to China to serve their country.Lesson two1.Osaka: nearly complet exclusion of non-JP companies from the project , built at the zenith of JP’seconomic powerGuangzhou: nearly completely designed and engineered by foreign companies, developing country with low-wage work force.2.Openness combined with China’s vast population of 1.3 billion. Potential size of its market.3.Its immense and low-paid work force.4.第一小问：Not necessary.第二：Yes, it is especially susceptible to economic booms and busts. At the same time, China’s one-party system may struggle to adapt to the social tensions brought to the surface by rapid economicdevelopment.第三：No, China’s strengths and using the experience of JP for reference.5.Fast development +vast population of 1.3 billion+ military muscle +increasing trade surplus.第二问：Trade with China. Cheaper labor=Cheaper products=preference of made-in-China=fewer sale of made-in US=fewer products of US factories=fewer job forUS.第三问;No, China’s strengths,especially the cheap labor advantage are partially the reason of theunemployment in US. The fast development cannot being undertaking without drawing any attention or attack.6.Susceptible to economic booms and bustsEconomic bubbleUnemployed adultsAcute setbacksLesson Three China finds western ways bring news woes1. The writer thinks that the best way to appreciate how much changed in China has is to examine the people themselves: what they eat and drink now and how dangerously overweight more than one-fifth of adults are.2. Traditional Chinese lifestyle emphasizes restraint while the Western lifestyle emphasizes indulgence. The change from Traditional lifestyle to Western indulgence will affect public health strongly: deaths fromdiet-related illnesses are expected to increase 10 times faster than population growth. And the increase in health care costs could slow down the economic development.3. Less exercise and more fat in the diet. Because people have more money than before.4. YES. He believes that increased supplies of alcohol, together with the rising disposable income, have stimulated drinking.5. YES. Unhealthy eating and drinking may cause diseases like heart attack, stroke and adult-onset diabetes, and the government will have to spend more money to treat these diseases.Lesson four 保护名胜古迹刻不容缓1.What activities are harming ancient Buddhist grottoes?Too many tourists and their breathing are harming them.2.Who turned the caves into the painted shrines?It was the travelers along the old silk road.3.Are murals in good shape.No, they are not in good shape. Many of them are already sagging or peeling from walls, and their delicate beauty is fading away. Others have deteriorated beyond repair efforts.4.Why is it difficult for the authorities to prevent them from being destroyed?Money is at the root of the problem. China is a poor nation. Local governments have little money left over for cultural conservation.5.Does the Chinese government value the preservation of those historical and cultural sites?Yes, it does. For instance, it has given award to the Getty Conservation Institute for its contributions to the preservation of them at Dunhuang.6.Why did Mr. Neville Agn ew say “ tourism and conservation are good partners”?If you can make a good connection, they are. In other words, if you can allocate part of the money earned from tourism to conservation, and don’t turn to tourism as a cash cow, they will be good partners.Lesson five The evolution wars1. in the late fall. This is a challenge to Darwin’s theory which is widely regarded as one of the best-supported ideas in science since it comes from decades of study and objective evidence. Till now Darwin’s theory is the only explanation for the rich variety of life forms on Earth, so scientists fell horrible.2. Bush supports the idea of introducing both evolutionism and intelligent design in biology class. His attitude will further provoke battles on the topic and even bring more political and competitive pressure on science.3. NO. Because Darwin’s theory has conflicted with people’s religious convictions. The “monkey trial” was a famous case, in which Tennessee school teacher was convicted of violating the ban of teaching evolution in 1925. That was a big war between creationism and evolutionism.4. Living things are too exquisitely complex to have evolved by a combination of chance mutations and natural selection. Some pieces in the fossil record that may prove the evolution process are missing.5. NO. The earlier anti-Darwinists, mostly creationists, regarded evolution as a heresy and they openly claimed the role of God. But the proponents of intelligent design accept some role of evolution and they avoid bringing God into the discussion.6. They think the intelligent design is faith-based, so the debate about evolution is not a real scientific argument.7. Because it is difficult for people to argue over such benign and earnest language. This can even make people feel the theory a scientific one and avoid violation against the Constitution.8. 开放性问题。

英美报刊选读I. Select from the lettered choice the one, which best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of your choice in the brackets.1-5. a c b b a 6-10.c c b b cII. March the following words or phases on the left column with their correspondent explanations on the right1-d; 2-e; 3-a; 4-c; 5-bIII. Write T in the bracket if the statement is true and F if the statement is false.T F F T FIV．Fill in the blanks.1. letter2. the jigsaw puzzle3. the Kangaroo Spirit4. Gypsies5. East LondonV.Explain the following terms.1.Australian government carried on a plan, which goal is the extinction of aboriginal culture, they picked up the aboriginal children from their parents and sent to white parents to receive the western education. Therefore, this generation is called the stolen generation.2.South Africa’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission is an organization to find the truth under apartheid, compensate the survivals and reconcile the opposite sides in South Africa.VI．Answer the following questions1.They want to get the support of those who strongly believe this or that kind of religion. In fact, some of them are not believers of a certain religion, or they do not believe any religion.2.Yes. Because he has outpolled Mr. Bush in the popular vote, and he has undisputed experience and expertise.。

Answer key for Lesson 10V.CABDCVI.1.Richard Atkinson investigated the problems by personally reading the manuals and sampletests to review and assess the verbal and mathematical questions. Besides, he visited schools to find students’ responses to SAT exams.2.After the investigation, he proposed that SAT I should be scrapped. His proposal has caused ahuge stir on campuses nationwide and rekindled long-standing arguments about the test.3.The College Board argues that SAT measures the sort of higher-order math andliterary-reasoning skills that students need to succeed in college and later in life and that the test correlates well with freshman-year college grades.4.They have adopted college admission systems based in part on class is automatically admittedto state universities.5.Their worry is that it is only a matter of time before there is pressure to scrap subject-areatests and getting rid of the SAT is the first step in a wretched direction.6.SAT I refers to the tests on higher-order math and literary-reasoning skills. Many critics thinkthe questions are confusing and verbal analogies too obscure. SAT II refers to the subject-specific achievement tests which measure knowledge in such areas as writing, math, physics, history and foreign language.7.The test debate will not die down anytime soon.Answer key for Lesson 11V.B C B A DVI.1.The insurance company has refused Lorraine Hiskey’s medical bill, because the companyclaimed that her treatment was “experimental”.2.Politicians have focused attention on the 35 million Americans who have no health coverage.3.The kind of medical care deemed experimental, unproven, unnecessery or to inappropriate isdenied coverage。