2010年3月专八考前讲座
一、全国八级考试评分标准
二、专八英译汉的做题程序
第一步：快速浏览原文，理解文章大意和文体风格。遇到生词划线标示，过后仔细斟酌。第二步：在脑中翻译初稿，边看边译。仔细斟酌措辞，将关键表达写在草稿纸上。
第三步：对初稿进行加工修改。对用词的准确性、句子的逻辑性、篇章的连贯性进行修改润色。
第四步：将译文写在答卷上，从头至尾再阅读一遍译文，凡有不顺之处，必定有理解问题，应再加以考虑。
三、高分译文要注意的五个问题;
1．避免对原文理解失误。
So today, we dumped another 70 million tons of global-warming pollution into the thin shell of atmosphere surrounding our planet, as if it were an open sewer. And tomorrow, we will dump a slightly larger amount, with the cumulative concentrations now trapping more and more heat from the sun.
理解错误：因此今天，我们向自己飞机周围薄如蝉翼的大气贝壳里泼洒了70百万顿全球变暖污染，在那里面游泳，就像打开了暖气i。明天，我们会变本加利，倾注一点点更多——让我们为从太阳那里聚集更加强大的力量紧密团结起来吧！
sewer一词翻译集萃：下水道，排污口，垃圾场，储蓄罐，拉链，缝纫机，化粪池，张着嘴的海豹，开口的针，开放的种子，打开盖的马桶，搞破坏的裁缝，仰天的巨针等。
2．避免逐字死译。
Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable.
原译：歌剧是昂贵的：那样多是不可避免的。
改译：歌剧是昂贵的文化形式：那样昂贵是不可避免的。
He must loiter about country churches, attend wakes and fairs and other rural festivals, and cope with the people in all their conditions, and all their habits and humors.
他一定要在教堂里消磨一下时光，参加纪念守护神节日的活动，逛逛集市，与村民们同庆他们的节日，和身世各异的人打交道，并了解他们的习惯和性情。
3．避免译文逻辑连贯失调。
We, the human species, are confronting a planetary emergency --- a threat to the survival of our civilization that is gathering ominous and destructive potential even as we gather here.
In a way, D-Day sums up for us the whole of World War II. It was the frontal clash of two ideas, a collision between the possibility of human freedom and its nullification. Even now, we are still learning what to make of it, still trying to know whether we are dwarfed by the scale of such an effort or whether what happened that day still enlarges us. It certainly enlarges the veterans of Normandy and their friends who died in every zone of that war. It’s tempting to politicize the memory of a day so full of personal and national honor, too easy to allude to the wars of our times as if
they naturally mirrored World War II.
今天我们回忆这一天，很容易将其政治化，因为那一天充满了个人的光荣和国家的荣耀，我们很容易将它和今天的战争联系起来，仿佛我们今天进行的战争自然可以和二战同日而语。
4．避免译文过于平淡，没有文采。
Where he faced us again, he was huge and handsome and conceited and cruel.
原译：再次面对我们时，他身材高大俊美，既自负也很冷酷。
改译：再次面对我们时，他已变得身材魁梧，相貌英俊，心高气傲，冷酷无情。
It was a day as fresh as grass growing up and clouds going over and butterflies coming down can make it. It was a day compounded from silences of bee and flower and ocean and land.
绿草萋萋，白云冉冉，彩蝶翩翩，这日子是如此清新可爱。蜜蜂无言，花朵不语，海波声咽，大地沉寂，这日子是如此宁静。
5．避免炫耀译文文笔导致喧宾夺主。
Winners do not need to hide behind a mask.
考生译文：
a.智者不需隐居。
b.智者从不需遮遮掩掩的。
c.胜利者不需要伪装自己。
d.赢者不要装哭装笑，他们直面人生。
改译：成功者无须躲藏在面具后面。
They are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable.
考生译文：
a.成功者们能意识到真诚与伪善、无知与表明愚蠢、孔子与南郭的区别。
b.他们很清楚，惹人喜爱和博人敬爱，生而愚笨和行为鲁莽，满腹经纶和举止明智，这些都是截然不同的。
c.他们清楚地意识到装有爱心和真正付出爱心，表现出愚蠢和真的做出傻事，以及表现出学富五车之状和真正做出有才华的事之间的区别。
d.他们清楚地知道可爱和假装可爱，愚蠢和大智若愚，知识渊博和假装博学之间是有区别的。
e. 他们知道爱与装爱，傻与装傻，知与装知之间是有区别的。
改译：他们明白，爱与装爱、傻与装傻、博学和假博学之间的区别。
举例分析：
If people mean anything at all by the expression "untimely death", they must believe
that some deaths run on a better schedule than others. Death in old age is rarely called untimely---a long life is thought to be a full one. But with the passing of a young person, one assumes that the best years lay ahead and the measure of that life was still to be taken.
History denies this, of course. Among prominent summer deaths, one recalls those of Marilyn Monroe and James Deans, whose lives seemed equally brief and complete. Writers cannot bear the fact that poet John Keats died at 26, and only half playfully judge their own lives as failures when they pass that year. The idea that the life cut short is unfilled is illogical because lives are measured by the impressions they leave on the world and by their intensity and virtue.
（参考译文）
如果人们藉"英年早逝"这一字眼真的意欲表达什么含义的话，他们必然相信某些人的辞世可以算是寿终正寝，而另一些人则"死不逢时" 。死于年迈很少被冠以"死不逢时"之名，因为能度过漫长的一生被认为是甚为圆满的。反之，如果所碰到的是一位年轻人之死，人们会以为这位年轻人风华正茂，前途无可限量，生命的倒计时尚未真正开始。
当然，历史否定这一切。在诸多较为著名的"英年早逝"的情形中，我们会忆起玛丽莲.梦露与詹姆斯.迪恩斯之死，其生命并不因其短暂而有损其圆满。对于约翰.济慈年方26便溘然长逝这一事实，文人墨客们皆痛不欲生，但他们中仅有半数人诙谐地认为，设若他们也死于这一年龄，其一生可视为失败。视英年早逝为不圆满，这一观念有悖于逻辑，因为衡量生命的尺度乃是留给世界的印记，是生命的力度及其美德。
专八汉译英的几点建议
1. 选词准确地道，表达简洁生动。
2．遇到表达的困难学会变通
得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道，一旦隔离，拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里，我顿感打入冷宫，十分郁郁不得志起来。
1．Before I fell ill, I had been the bully under our roofs owing to my doting parents. Feeling like being deposed into a cold palace，I began to taste the bitterness of depression and frustration immediately after I was segregated and confined in a small house on a hillside in our garden．
2．Before I was taken ill, I had been a spoiled child of my parents, getting things my way in the family. Once isolated and confined to a small house on the slope of the garden, I suddenly found myself in disfavor and my wings clipped.
3．Before I fell ill, my parents doted on me a lot. I could have my way at home. Once I was isolated and confined in a chamber on the hillside of the garden, I suddenly felt I was neglected and became very depressed.
4．I was indulged by my parents and allowed to do whatever I wanted in my family before I got ill. So once isolated and confined to a small house on the slope of the garden, I was hit by a feeling of desertion and depression.
5．Before I fell ill, I could do whatever I like at home, for my parents doted on me a lot. Once separated and confined in a small room on the hillside of the garden, I suddenly felt neglected and became deeply depressed.
6．I was held in deep affection by my parents before I fell ill, and I always behaved arbitrarily at home. Once isolated and confined to a small house on the hillside of the garden, I felt deserted and depressed.
7．Before I got ill, I was spoiled by my parents and acted like a tyrant in the house. Once isolated for the illness in a hut on the hillside in the garden, I felt suddenly at a loss and depressed, as if I had been put on the back shelf.
8．Before I fell ill, my parents had doted on me t oo much, and I had had my way at home, doing whatever I wished. Thus, when I was confined in isolation to a cabin in the garden hillside, I suddenly could not help feeling that I was left out in the cold, and I could not prevent myself from thinking sadly that I became totally neglected.
3. 注意句式的变化，避免表达单一。
这几天心里颇不宁静。今晚在院子里坐着乘凉，忽然想起日日走过的荷塘，在这满月的光里，总该另有一番样子吧。月亮渐渐地升高了，墙外马路上孩子们的欢笑，已经听不见了；妻在屋里拍着闰儿，迷迷糊糊地哼着眠歌。我悄悄地披了大衫，带上门出去。
沿着荷塘，是一条曲折的小煤屑路。这是一条幽僻的路；白天也少人走，夜晚更加寂寞。荷塘四面，长着许多树，蓊蓊郁郁的。路的一旁，是些杨柳，和一些不知道名字的树。没有月亮的晚上，这路上阴森森的，有些怕人。今晚却很好，虽然月光也还是淡淡的。
朱纯深译文：
[1] I have felt quite upset recently.［2］Tonight, when I was sitting in the yard enjoying the cool，it occurred to me that the Lotus Pond，which I pass by everyday, must assume quite a different look in such moonlit night.[3]A full moon was rising high in the sky; the laughter of children playing outside had died away; in the room, my wife was patting the son, Run-er，sleepily humming a cradlesong. [4]Shrugging on an overcoat, quietly，I made my way out, closing the door behind me.
5］Alongside the Lotus Pond runs a small cinder footpath.[6] [7]It is peaceful and secluded here，a place not frequented by pedestrians even in the daytime；now at night，it looks more solitary，in a lush, shady ambience of trees all around the pond.［8On the side where the path is，there are willows，interlaced with some others whose names I do not know.[9] [10]The foliage, which，in a moonless night，would loom somewhat frighteningly dark, looks very nice tonight，although the moonlight is not more than a thin，greyish veil.
王椒升译文：
[3]Of late，I have been in a rather uneasy frame of mind.[2]Sitting in my courtyard enjoying the cool evening, I suddenly thought of the lotus pond that I pass on my way day in and day out. Tonight, it must have a charm all its own, bathed in the light of the full moon.[3]The moon was now rising slowly. Beyond
the wall，the happy laughter of children on the road had died away. [4]So putting on my coat quietly, I went out closing the door softly behind me．
[5] [6]A path paved with coal-dust zigzags along the lotus pond, so secluded as to be little frequented in the daytime，to say nothing of its loneliness at night.[7]Around the pond grows a profusion of luxuriant trees.[8]On one side of the path are some willows and other plants whose names are unknown to me.[9]On moonless nights，the place has a gloomy，somewhat forbidding appearance.[10]But on this particular evening, it had a cheerful outlook，though the moon was pale.
《中国文学》杂志译文：
［1］The last few days have found me very restless.［2］This evening as I sat in the yard to enjoy the cool，it struck me how different the lotus pool I pass every day must look under a full moon. [3]The moon was sailing higher and higher up the heavens，the sound of childish laughter had died away from the lane beyond our wall, and my wife was in the house patting Run'er and humming a lullaby to him.[4] I quietly slipped on a long gown, and walked out leaving the door on the latch.
[5]A cinder-path winds along by the side of the pool. [6]It is off the beaten track and few pass this way even by day, so at night itis still more quiet.[7] [8]Trees grow thick and bosky all around the pool，with willows and other trees I cannot name by the path. [9] [10]On nights when there is no moon the track is almost terrifyingly dark，but tonight it was quite clear, though the moonlight was pale.
众所周知，在不同的大学或不同的老师手下获得的同样高的分数可能显示不同的学业水平。有的教授可能给分很严，有的则过分慷慨，有的甚至视分数为儿戏。有些学校水平很高，而有的学校则聚集着平庸之辈。如今所有大学都存在“分数膨胀”（即给分趋高）倾向，这在某些大学遭到了激烈反对，但也有一些学校则长期听之任之。
Everyone knows that high marks earned at different schools or under different instructors can indicate very different levels of achievement. One professor may be a hard grader, while another is overly generous or that takes the whole business as a bit of a joke. Some schools have high standards, whereas others are swamps of intellectual mediocrity. And at all universities there is a constant tendency towards grade inflation( the granting of ever more high marks) that is fought vigorously at some institutions and allowed to go unchecked for long periods at others.
4．克服长句困扰，学会断句和语序调整。
十九世纪初，有一位英国将军在战场上吃了败仗，落荒而逃，躲藏进农舍的草堆里避风雨，又痛苦，又懊丧。茫然中，他忽然发现墙角处有一只蜘蛛在风中拼力结网，蛛丝一次次被吹断，但蜘蛛一次次拉丝重结，毫不气馁，终于把网结成。将军深受激励，后来重整旗鼓，终于在滑铁卢之役打垮了对手拿破仑。这位将军，就是历史上赫赫有名的威灵顿。
In the beginning of the nineteenth century, there was a British general who was defeated and
fled from the battlefield. He was miserable and depressed, lying in a haystack in a hut and not knowing what to do. He suddenly saw a spider in a corner trying to spin a web, but the thread was destroyed by the wind again and again, however, the spider connected it each time, until finally the web was finished. Being encouraged greatly, the general recovered his spirit, gathered his troops and finally defeated his enemy Napoleon at waterloo. This general was none other than A. Wellington, the well-known general in history.
5. 仔细检查，杜绝拼写和语法错误。
1. 拼写错误, 大小写错误
2.关系一致问题：既要注意主谓一致,又要注意代词一致，名词的数和意义一致，逻辑主语和句子主语的一致等问题。
3.连接词问题：对于不同的句式，既要防止连接词重复,又要防止它的缺损.
4.动词误用问题：注意不同动词的用法和意义
5.冠词的缺损问题：冠词是一个非常小的环节，缺少了有时却是会使整个句子产生歧义或语法不正确。
6.时态问题：对于简单句来讲,主要看时间状语或隐含的句意来区分;对于复合句来讲,主要是讲求时态的一致或符合一些句型的特殊要求。
7.句式平衡问题：像not only…but also, not…but等句式结构要讲究平衡.
8. 搭配问题：注意介词搭配和动宾搭配。
9. 同义词、近义词词义辨析不足
专八翻译 主讲老师：聂磊 概况 一、题型：汉-英(划线) →英-汉(划线)；各150字 二、时间：各30分钟 三、分值：各10分 四、考纲要求： 汉-英：我国报刊上的文章、国情介绍和一般文学作品；译文忠实、流畅。 英-汉：英美报刊杂志上的文章和文学原著；译文忠实、流畅。 面临的问题 一、词汇：词汇积累不够，活跃词汇量低。 二、阅读：质低、量小、面偏。 三、课堂教学：违反翻译的认知与实践规律；练习密度差、强度小。 四、学习：练习密度差、强度小；欣赏有余、对比、分析、思考、总结不足。 备考策略 一、坚持扩大词汇量。 二、加大练习力度，以练促学、代学，拒绝赏析。 三、练习即模考。 四、语篇练习为主。 五、以真题为本，反复练习。 六、对比、分析、思考、总结四合一。 时间规划—22周 一、第1-6周：熟悉翻译技巧，每周练2篇。 二、第7-14周：熟悉考试及考场，每周3篇。 三、第15-20周：应试强化练习，每周4篇。 四、第21周：总结应试技巧、经验。 五、第22周：继续总结，模考1-2次。 时间规划—14周 一、第1-2周：熟悉翻译技巧，每周练2篇。 二、第3-8周：熟悉考试及考场，每周3篇。 三、第9-12周：应试强化练习，每周4篇。 四、第13周：总结应试技巧、经验。 五、第14周：模考3篇。 应试策略 一、开头与结尾要多分配时间。 二、英译汉多注意理解，汉译英多注意表达。 三、英语译文必须语法正确。 四、英汉语表达多用有把握的词句。 五、谨慎对待考场灵感。 六、对待难点宜“软”不宜“硬”。 七、在试卷上做适当的勾划。 推荐书目 一、英语专业八级考试(单项突破)系列书目之《翻译与写作》(上海外语教育出版社，邹申) 二、《大学英语翻译教程》(上海外语教育出版社,蔡基刚) 三、《汉英翻译技巧示例》(外文出版社，唐义均)
20０7年英语专业八级考试翻译原题及参考答案 C－Ｅ：暮色中,河湾里落满云霞，与天际得颜色混合一起，分不清哪就是流云哪就是水湾。也就在这一幅绚烂得图画旁边，在河湾之畔,一群羊正在低头觅食。它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来,瞧一眼这美丽得黄昏。也许它们要抓紧时间,在即将回家得最后一刻再次咀嚼。这就是黄河滩上得一幕。牧羊人不见了，她不知在何处歇息.只有这些美生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。这儿水草肥美,让它们长得肥滚滚得，像些胖娃娃.如果走近了，会发现它们那可爱得神情,洁白得牙齿,那丰富而单纯得表情。如果稍稍长久一点端详这张张面庞，还会生出无限得怜悯。 Besｉde tｈis pictuｒｅwithｐｒoｆuｓiｏnｓof colorｓ, a grｏup of sheｅp aｒe lｏwing tｈeir heads,ｅａｔing by ｔｈe riｖer bank、Hardly ｎone oｆｔｈｅｍwｏulｄspare sｏme timｅto raise their eyes tｏhａve a glaｎcｅat the bｅａutifｕｌdusk、Ｔhｅｙare, perhaps,takinｇuse oｆｅvery miｎuteｔo enjｏy ｔheｉr lasｔcｈew befoｒe bｅｉng drｉven home、This is a piｃtｕｒe ｏｆthe Yｅｌｌow River baｎk，iｎwhｉch the shepherd diｓapｐeａrs，ａnｄno onｅknoｗs where he is rｅｓｔｉｎg hｉmsｅlf、Only the ｓheep，ｈｏｗｅver,as free creatures，ａrｅ ｊoｙfullｙaｐｐreciating ｔhｅdｕsk、Tｈe exubeｒant wａte ｒpｌants ｈaｖe nｕｔritedｔｈｅshｅep, ｍaｋing ｔhem
一、The old gentleman, however, seemed cheerful enough; and it was plain that he took an interest in the strangers, and wished to make their acquaintance. This was soon effected by the friendly waiter; and after a little talk the old man invited them to visit his villa and garden which were just outside the walls of the town. So the next afternoon, when the sun began to descend, and they saw in glimpses through door-ways and windows, blue shadows beginning to spread over the brown mountains, they went to pay their visit. It was not much of a place, a small, modernized, stucco villa, with a hot pebbly garden, and in it a stone basin with torpid gold-fish, and a statue of Diana and her hounds against the wall. But what gave a glory to it was a gigantic rose-tree which clambered over the house, almost smothering the windows, and filling the air with the perfume of its sweetness. Yes, it was a fine rose, the Conte said proudly when they praised it, and he would tell the Signora about it. And as they sat there, drinking the wine he offered them, he alluded with the cheerful indifference of old age to his love-affair, as though he took for granted that they had heard of it already. 译文： 然而,这位老先生看起来心情非常愉快;显然他对这两位陌生人很感兴趣，并愿意与他们结交.在热心的服务生的帮助下,他们很快相识了;短暂的交谈之后，老人便邀请他们去他城墙外不远的别墅与花园做客. 于是次日下午，夕阳西落,从开启的门窗轻轻瞥去,他们看到,兰色暗影已渐渐笼罩棕褐的山峦，他们便欣然动身。那里很平常,矗立着一座现代化小型别墅座，表面粉刷了一层灰泥。还有一座铺满鹅卵石的花园，园里石砌水池中有几尾金鱼慵懒地游动。靠墙的地方有一尊守猎女神及其猎犬的雕像。但是使这小园生辉的是一颗巨大的玫瑰树。树已长过屋顶，几乎完全遮住了窗户。空气中满是玫瑰的芳香。这株玫瑰的确不错，听了客人夸奖，伯爵得意地说。他还表示非常乐意把树的来历讲给夫人听。于是他们坐在那里，一边饮酒，一边听他以老年人满不在乎神情，愉快地提及他的那一段往日爱情，仿佛他相信他们对此一定早有耳闻 二、We live in an ascending scale when we live happily, one thing leading to another in an endless series. There is always a new horizon for onward-looking men, and although we dwell on a small planet, immersed in petty business and not enduring beyond a brief period of years, we are so constituted that our hopes are inaccessible, like stars, and the term of hoping is prolonged until the term of life. To be truly happy is a question of how we begin and not of how we end, of what we want and not of what we have. 参考译文：
练习· 8.苏东坡 ?Su Shi (蘇軾) (1037-1101) was a writer, poet, artist, calligrapher and statesman of the Song Dynasty, one of the major poets of the Song era. His courtesy name（字）is Zidan (子瞻), self-titled（号）Dongpo Jushi(東坡居士, The one lived in Dongpo) and is often referred to as Su Dongpo (蘇東坡). ?Su Shi was born in Meishan, near mount Emei in what is now Sichuan province. His brother Su Che (蘇轍) and his father Su Xun (蘇洵) were both famous literati. In 1057, he and his brother passed the civil service examinations to attain the degree of jinshi, a prerequisite to holding high government office at that time. ?During the next twenty years, he held a variety of government positions throughout China, most notably in Hangzhou, where he was responsible for constructing a pedestrian causeway(堤道, 铺道)across the West Lake that still bears his name: su di (苏堤). ?He was often at odds(争执, 不一致)with a political faction headed by Wang Anshi. This faction's rise to power eventually resulted in Su Shi being exiled twice to remote places; first (1080-1084) to Huangzhou (now in Hubei province), and the second time (1094-1100) to Huizhou (now in Guangdong province) and Hainan island. In Huangzhou, he lived at a farm called Dongpo (the "Eastern Slope"), from which he took his literary name. He died in Changzhou, Jiangsu province. 石钟山记苏轼 ?《水经》云：“彭蠡之口有石钟山焉。”郦元以为下临深潭，微风鼓浪，水石相捕，声如洪钟。 是说也，人常疑之。今以钟磬置水中，虽大风浪不能鸣也，而况石乎！至唐李渤始访其遗踪，得双石于潭上，扣而聆之，南声函胡，北音清越，木包止响腾，余韵徐歇。自以为得之矣。 然是说也，余尤疑之。石之铿然有声者，所在皆是也，而此独以钟名，何哉？元丰七年六月丁丑，余自齐安舟行适临汝，而长子迈将赴饶之德兴尉，送之至湖口，因得观所谓石钟者。 寺僧使小童持斧，于乱石间择其一二扣之。硿硿焉，余固笑而不信也。 新石钟山记 石钟山 《水经》云：“彭蠡之口有石钟山焉。”郦元以为下临深潭，微风鼓浪，水石相捕，声如洪钟。?According to The Book of Waters, at the mouth of the Pengli Lake stands a hill named Stone Bell. ?Li Daoyuan explains in his annotation(注解,注释), “The base of the hill reaches a deep pond. ?Stirred by the breeze, the rippling of waves onto the stones sounds like the ringing of huge bells”. 是说也，人常疑之。今以钟磬置水中，虽大风浪不能鸣也，而况石乎！ ?There has been a widespread skepticism about this view. Placed in the waters, a bell or a stone chime will never ring in the stormiest waves, let alone the hill-stones! 至唐李渤始访其遗踪，得双石于潭(水边)上，扣而聆之，南声函胡，北音清越，余韵徐歇。?Li Bo in the Tang Dynasty was the first to explore the site. When he struck two stones
英语专业八级翻译练习题带答案2017 英语专业八级翻译练习题带答案2017 机会只对进取有为的人开放，庸人永远无法光顾。以下是小编为大家搜索整理的英语专业八级翻译练习题带答案2017，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生考试网! part 1 The next day, when their mended carriage had come up to fetch them, and they were just starting to drive away from the inn, the Conte' s old servant appeared with the rose-cutting neatly wrapped up, and the compliments and wishes for a buon viaggio from her master. The town collected to see them depart, and the children ran after their carriage through the gate of the little city. They heard a rush of feet behind them for a few moments, but soon they were far down towards the valley; the little town with all its noise and life was high above them on its mountain peak. She had planted the rose at home, where it had grown and flourished in a wonderful manner; and every June the great mass of leaves and shoots still broke out into a passionate splendour of scent and crimson colour, as if in its root and fibres there still burnt the anger and thwarted desire of that Italian lover. Of course the old Conte must have died many years ago; she had forgotten his name, and had even forgotten the name of the mountain city that she had stayed in, after first seeing it twinkling at dawn in the sky, like a nest of stars. 参考译文: 次日，他们的马车修好了,上山来接他们。在就要离开旅馆之际，伯爵的老仆赶来了，送来一根包扎整齐的玫瑰枝条，并转达了伯爵旅途愉快的祝福。小城中的居民都赶来目送他们离去，孩童们也追随在车子后面，一直跟到小城门外。开始他们还能听到身后散乱的脚步声，但不久车子便驶入山谷，而这座喧闹的小城依然高高耸立于他们头顶的山颠. 她把玫瑰种在家中.玫瑰的长势非常好,枝繁叶茂;每年六月，在片片绿叶与新芽之中，绽放出绚丽的红花，散发出浓郁的香味,仿佛它的根须之间依旧燃烧着那位意大利情人的愤怒与没能实现的渴望。当然老伯爵肯定早已去世多年;而她也记不起他的名字了，甚至连她所住过的那座小城的名字也忘记了，虽然她曾经在拂晓之时看它犹如满天的繁星在空中闪烁。
2016年专八翻译题及答案详解 “流逝”表现了南国人对时间最早的感觉。子在川上曰：“逝者如斯夫。”他们发现无论是潺潺小溪，还是浩荡大河，都一去不复返，流逝之际青年变成了老翁而绿草转眼就枯黄，很自然有错阴的紧迫感。流逝也许是缓慢的，但无论如何缓慢，对流逝的恐惧使人们必须用“流逝”这个词来时时警戒后人，必须急匆匆地行动，给这个词灌注一种紧张感。 【参考译文1】 They have found that the flowing water,either a murmuring stream or a mighty river, passes quickly and never returns. With the passage of time, the young become the old and the green grass turns yellow. People naturallyhave a sense of urgency to value every bit of time. As time goes by,no matter how slowly it elapses, people always use the word “liushi” to warn thelater generations for fear of time’s flowing away. They tell their descendants to treasure every single minute and make a hurried action, which adds a sense of tension to the word. 【参考译文2】 They find that either a murmuring stream or a mighty river has gone forever and that the passage of time turns a young man into an old one, and yellows of the grass, which sends a massage of how time flies. Maybe the passing of time is slow. But no matter how slow it is, it makes people so fearful that they use “passage” to warn the later generations to rush. And the use of “passage” also infuses a sense of tension into the word. 【参考译文3】
2018 英语专八翻译技巧 由于表达习惯不同，英文中常有省略主语的现象，在翻译成汉语时要把它们译出来。情况一般有以下几种： 以抽象名词作主语，而中文的表达习惯则需要把抽象变为具体; 英文中常常会为了避免重复而多用介词，中文则不怕重复，一个词会用上好几遍;英语中的复数名词译为汉语时，常常加入这些、各种、种种等，要视具体语境情况而定。 He did not give us satisfied answer; this made us angry. 他并没有给出我们满意的答复，这种态度使得我们非常生气。 There are solutions proposed to solve the public problem. 针对这一公共问题，大家提出了种种解决方案。 同理，需要增译谓语的情况也时有出现。英语中出现两个或多个相同谓语时，常常会省略，以使句子不那么赘余，而中文中则要译出来，使其表达更加地道。英文中的介词短语译为中文时往往要增译动词，而有些英语中的名词在译为中文时也要加入相应的动词，使其意义更加完整，表达更加明确。 We went to Xiamen this week, Shenzhen next week. 我们这周去厦门，下周去深圳。 After the party, he has got a very important speech. 参加完聚会后，他还要发表一个重要讲话。 2017 英语专八翻译技巧▶时间状语的翻译 1、时间状语常常可以直接翻译，一般译到主句前。 He came in while I was watching TV. 我在吃饭的时候他进来了。 They burst into tears suddenly when they heard the sad news.
英语专四专八常见问题解答 1.现在的专四专八考试分别有哪些题型？具体时间应该如何分配？ 专四考试主要题型有听写、听力理解（对话、短文、新闻三种）、完形填空、语法与词汇、阅读理解及写作（分为作文、便条）。 考试时间及计分比重为：听写考15分钟占15分；听力理解考15分钟占15分；完型填空考15分钟占10分；语法与词汇考15分钟占15分；阅读理解25分钟占20分；大作文考35分钟占15分，便条10分钟占10分。总考试时间为130分钟，满分100分。 专八考试主要题型为听力理解（讲座、对话、新闻三种）、阅读理解、人文知识、改错、翻译及写作。 考试时间及分值比重为：听力理解考25分钟占20分；阅读理解考30分钟占20分；人文知识考10分钟占10分；改错考15分钟占10分；翻译考60分钟占20分；写作考45分钟占20分。总考试时间为185分钟，满分100分。 2.能否说一下详细的考试时间安排及收卷时间？ 专八考试流程：8:15进考场，发草稿纸、试卷、答题卡。先做听力（35分钟）第一部分MINI-LECTURE,老师放录音，学生先在草稿纸上做笔记，等放音完毕，发答题纸（ANSWER SHEET ONE）答题。10分钟后收听力试卷；然后就可以按部就班做听力第二部分INTERVIEW和NEWS BROADCAST,以及阅读、人文知识。65分钟后第二次收卷（收答题卡），发改错试卷；15分钟后第三次收卷（收改错试卷）。然后发翻译答题纸，做翻译；60分钟后收翻译卷发作文答题纸，开始写作。45分钟后收作文答题纸，草稿纸，试卷，考试完毕。 专四考试流程：首先听写15分钟后第一次交卷；然后做其他听力和选择题目，包括完型填空、词汇语法、阅读三部分，70分钟后交第二卷；最后写作文便条，45分钟后交卷，考试结束。 3.非英语专业的不管在校或者离校，是否都无法报名参加专业英语考试？ 不是。教育部规定重点外语院校非英语专业的本科生中当年参加英语六级考试且通过的，可以参加当年专业英语四级考试，也可以报名参加专业英语八级考试。专四专八是对在校英语专业学生的英语水平进行的测试，以衡量该校教学水准，所以非英语专业的离校学生一般不能报名参加。 4.能否推荐一下专八的听力、翻译、阅读的书？ 目前市面上出版的很多模拟练习等与大纲相去甚远，有的只相当于大学英语四级水平，所以考生们要慎选材料。在听力方面推荐考生可以做一些托福方面的听力练习，如中国大百科全书出版社的《托福听力全真试题详解》等，翻译应该背诵一些美文，比如环球时代《英语专业应试必备美文》、译林出版社的《散文佳作108篇》等，阅读方面可以多看看新概念四。 5.还有近3个月的时间，怎么安排复习？ 这段时间里要着手做历年的专八真题和一些预测试卷。针对自己的薄弱环节进行专项练习，并研究以前做错的题目，分析原因，加深印象，反复强化训练，应该可以收到意想不到的效果。 6.有没有必要背单词？记专四专八词汇有什么技巧？ 《教学大纲》规定专四考生要掌握8000词汇，专八考生要掌握到13000词汇。四八级考试对词汇的要求主要体现在两个方面，一是在语境中掌握单词，二是具备词汇的自我扩充能力。所以背单词是非常有必要的，关于记忆方法可以通过词根记忆，背过的词汇要不停的复习，
1999年：In some societies people want children for what might be called familial reasons: to extend the family line or the family name, to propitiate the ancestors; to enable the proper functioning of religious rituals involving the family. Such reasons may seem thin in the modern, secularized society but they have been and are powerful indeed in other places. In addition, one class(一类) of family reasons shares a border（接壤、相近）with the following category, namely, having children in order to maintain or improve a marriage: to hold the husband or occupy（使…忙（有事干）the wife; to repair or rejuvenate the marriage; to increase the number of children on the assumption（设想、假设consumption 消费）that family happiness lies that way. The point is underlined（突出、显现）by its converse（反面、相反）: in some societies the failure to bear children（养孩子）(or males) is a threat to the marriage and a ready cause for divorce. Beyond all that（除了这些）is the profound（深刻的、深远的）significance of children to the very institution（结构）of the family itself. To many people, husband and wife alone do not seem a proper family（完整的）—they need children to enrich the circle（丰富家庭生活、拓宽生活圈子）, to validate（使…有效）its family character（家族的特征、风格）, to gather（增加、集合）the redemptive（赎回的, 用于补偿的）influence of offspring. Children need the family, but the family seems also to need children, as the social institution（社会结构）uniquely（唯一）available, at least in principle, for （获得）security, comfort, assurance, and direction in a changing, often hostile world. To most people, such a home base, in the literal sense, needs more than one person for sustenance（生计）and in generational extension（家族的繁衍）. 【参考答案】另外，有一类家庭原因与下列类别不无共同之处，那就是：生儿育女要么是为了维系现有婚姻，提高婚姻质量，要么是为了拴住丈夫，使妻子有所事事，要么是为了修复婚姻，给婚姻注入新的活力，亦或是出于多子多福的观念而多生儿女。当然，我们也可以从问题的反面得到昭示：在某些社会，无法生育子嗣（或不能生育男孩）对婚姻而言是最大的威胁，也可作为夫妻分手的现成理由。 后代对家庭这一体制本身所具有的深远意义远非如此。在许多人看来，丁克家庭算不上真正的家庭。夫妻需要孩子来拓宽自己的生活圈子，实现家庭在传宗接代中的作用，并从子孙后代身上获取某种回报。在这个变幻莫测，常常不尽友善的世界上，家庭作为社会的基本单位，至少可在原则上，以其独特方式为家人提供安全保障，抚慰家人受伤的心灵，为家人指出生活方向，因此，孩子需要家庭，但与此同时，家庭也需要孩子。
2018年专八试卷核对 试卷一 [20 M1NJ PAK1 n JKA\JSI.AU<^ Trun\kitc fhe ufuitrlimtl pari t/f rhe It'.rf fnun ('hinese info Fn吵询.何制尸 trumfar^n 何A V.s H A/Z \HEk T HfREE ? 文―起昭便我灯的内Cf可以达到这样的擁’繼勰恥煎感*生活不如童时. 戈聲书1?舞我们養供「“以迖到卅比塚宾咀h打I傀界沁弟叭即的木町tfe比我训曼先生活中的冰薪捕，犬比般心城实中时天要运「理实中没f 籃的辽节.扪杵.”吧仃氷價曲t最山恰埒祝英柠》押（岁常戏打朱渦叫汕ijt恢盘弼补找们现赏哇话申所存在的彳; 班和削艇： H 2018TEM8 作文：追求完美好还是不好 ps :作文为材料作文，两则材料，材料主题为“追求完美好还是不好” 1. formal innovation 2. rapport 3. atte nding sect ion 4. writing long papers 5. high nu mbers 6. being filmed 7. comparable questio ns 8. a n atural order 9. figure out 10. s e nsitive
Il.repeat ing 12.i ntegrate into 13.lo gical or n atural 14. edit ing 15. fu ndame ntal eleme nts 听力： 1. The initial letters of an easy-to-remember phrase 2. [A] he's made up his mind to cha nge some of his passwords. 3. in truders are patie nt eno ugh to compute. 4. [D] The US takes up the leadi ng edge of tech no logy. 5. [A] Why not to write dow n passwords on no tebooks 6. [D] the developme nt of gen etic tests is out of people's expectati on. 7. [C] misgivi ng. 8. [A] improve self-discipline of the industry. 9. [D] Alie nated. 10. stre ngthe n its supervisi on with in limits. 阅读： 11. [C] they are lack ing in skills required by certa in jobs. 12. [A] was a pion eer in the welfare state of Great Brita in. 13. the frailties of huma n n ature. 14. [D] appeara nee. 15. [C] the pursuit of econo mic ben efit
Test Two 幸福有时会同我们开一个玩笑，乔装打扮而来。机遇、友情、成功、团圆……它们都酷似幸福，但它们并不等同于幸福。幸福会借了它们的衣裙，袅袅婷婷而来，走得近了，揭去帷幔，才发觉它有钢铁般的内核。幸福有时会很短暂，不像苦难似的笼罩天空。如果把人生的苦难和幸福分置天平两端，苦难体积庞大，幸福可能只是一块小小的矿石。但指针一定要向幸福这一侧倾斜，因为它是生命的黄金。 Sometimes happiness may play tricks on us by coming in disguise. Things like opportunity, friendship, success and reunion, though quite similar, can never be the true happiness. They may approach us with elegance and charm like happiness really comes. However, a closer observation will unveil their steely core. Sometimes happiness is rather evanescent, is in no way like its foe distress. Therefore, it is always said when both are put on the ends of a balance respectively, obviously, the size of distress will be much larger than that of happiness which is only the size of loadstone. Nevertheless, its needle will always point to the side of happiness, for it is the gold of life. 回信，固然可畏，不回信，也绝非什么乐事。书架上经常叠着百多封未回之信，“债龄”或长或短，长的甚至一年以上，那样的压力，也绝非一个普通的罪徒所能负担的。一叠未回的信，就像一群不散的阴魂，在我罪深孽重的心底幢幢作祟。理论上说来，这些信当然是要回的。我可以坦然向天发誓，在我清醒的时刻，我绝未存心不回人信。问题出在技术上。给我一整个夏夜的空闲，我该先回一年半前的那封信呢，还是七个月前的这封信？隔了这么久，恐怕连谢罪自谴的有效期也早过了吧。在朋友的心目中，你早已沦为不值得计较的妄人。“莫名其妙！”是你在江湖上一致的评语。 其实，即使终于鼓起全部的道德勇气，坐在桌前，准备偿付信债于万一，也不是轻易能如愿的。七零八落的新简旧信，漫无规则地充塞在书架上，抽屉里，有的回过，有的未回，“只在此山中，云深不知处”，要找到你决心要回的那一封，耗费的时间和精力，往往数倍于回信本身。再想象朋友接信时的表情，不是喜出望外，而是余怒重炽，你那一点决心就整个崩溃了。你的债，永无清偿之日。不回信，绝不等于忘了朋友，正如世上绝无忘了债主的负债人。在你惶恐的深处，恶魇的尽头，隐隐约约，永远潜伏着这位朋友的怒眉和冷眼，不，你永远忘不了他。你真正忘掉的，而且忘得那么心安理得，是那些已经得到你回信的朋友。 An Excerpt from Limited Words vs. Boundless Friendship By Yu Guangzhong Replying a letter does make me flinch; however, unreplied letters allow me no release at all. Dozens of unreplied letters pile up on my bookshelf, like a sum of debt waiting to be paid. Some have been waiting there for over one year, while some have newly arrived. The pressure from paying off that debt is far beyond what a junior debtor can endure. The stack of unreplied letters are, like a group of haunting ghosts, continually pestering my guilt-loaded soul. Conventionally, the letters will certainly
2013汉译英 生活像一杯红酒，热爱生活的人会从中品出无穷的美妙。Life is like a cup of wine；people who love it discover inexhaustible wonders from it. 将它握在手中观察，它的暗红有血的感觉，那正是生命的痕迹。Hold in the hand and gaze at it，the dark red color is reminiscent of the blood，which is the impress of life.抿一口留在口中回味，它的甘甜有一丝苦涩，如人生一般复杂迷离。Take a sip of it and appreciate the taste，the bittersweet flavor is exactly the same with life，which is complicated and blurred. 喝一口下肚，余香润人心肺，让人终受益。Once the sip is swallowed，the lingering fragrance pleases the heart and refreshes the mind，leaving a person lifelong benefit. 红酒越陈越美味，生活越丰富越美好。There was a remarkable resemblance between life and wine：the taste becomes more delicious as the wine mellows，just as life gets better as it becomes more abundant. 当人生走向晚年，就如一瓶待开封的好酒，其色彩是沉静的，味道中充满慷慨于智慧。 When life comes to twilight years，it looks calm and tastes full of wisdom and generosity，just like a bottle of wine to be savored. 英译汉 联合国代表大会，中心政治论坛，由193个成员国组成，几乎包括世界上所有国家，其中三分之二的国家为发展中国家，占世界总人口的四分之三。通过决议非常困难，尤其是所有惯例决出的协议必须达成一致才能通过。结果就是，重要的协议总是被狭隘的特殊利益所挟持，并且大部分协议都只是用来使自己的利益最大化。但真正的问题是世界上主要国.是否愿意看到民主最大限度地开展。联合国安理会，负责和平和安全，处理最重要的政治问题。安理会只有15个成员国，所以能经常性地应付危机。它曾一度由于冷战对立而停摆，但已经重新获得了联合国宪章给予的权利。 2012汉译英 痛苦纠聚心中，眉心发烫发热，胸口郁闷难展，胃里一股气冲喉而上。院长说这孩子发育迟缓时，她更是心头无绪。她在孩子所待的房里来回踱步，这房里还有其他小孩。整个房间只有一扇窗，窗外树影婆娑。就让孩子留下来吧，这里有善心的神父和修女，这里将来会扩充为有医疗作用的看护中心，这是留住孩子最好的地方。这孩子是她的秘密，她将秘密留在这树林掩映的建筑里。 Tortured by the pains gathering in her heart, she felt something was burning between her eyebrows. Her chest was brimmed with depression which was likely to run out of her throat at any moment. She could not think clearly any longer when the headmaster told her that the child suffered from developmental retardation. She strode up and down in the room where her child stayed with other pals. There was only one window in the room, out of which some shady trees were whispering. ―Just leave it here‖, she told herself, ―This is the best choice by far, for there are kind priests and nuns in this place which may also be renovated into a Medicare center‖. The chi ld was her secret which would be kept in the buildings behind the woods. 英译汉But such policies seem instead to have created the conditions for even more campus violence. Some college students who previously drank in bars and lounges under the watchful supervision of bouncers(夜总会，就把等保安人员)（not to mention owners eager to keep their liquor licenses）now retreat to the sanctuary of their fraternity houses and apartments, where they no longer control their behavior their drinking. The boomerang effect has also played a role in attempts to reduce the availability of illicit drugs. During recent years, the federal government has been quite successful in reducing the supply of street drugs. As fields are burned and contraband(违禁品) confiscated, the price of street drugs has skyrocketed to a point where cheap alternatives have begun to compete in the marketplace. Unfortunately, the cheap alternatives are even more harmful than the illicit drugs they replace. 然而上述政策反而引发了更多的校园暴力。一些大学生先前在夜总会的酒吧买醉，处于保安人员严密的监控之下(酒吧老板们为了保住自己卖酒的牌照也不会允许过激的事情发生)。现在，大学生们躲到他们互助会会所和公寓中酗酒,对自己饮酒的 数量或行为都不再控制。政府在打击非法毒品方面采取的措施同样适得其反。近年来,联邦政府已经有效地抑制了街头毒品买卖。警方捣毁了很多毒品种植地，没收了违禁品，导致毒品的价格暴涨，那些便宜的替代品因此也有了竞争力。糟糕的是，那些便宜的替换品带来的危害甚至比他们所替代的毒品更大。 2011：汉译英原文现代社会无论价值观的持有还是生活方式的选择都充满了矛盾。而最让现代人感到尴尬的是，面对重重矛