练习· 8.苏东坡♦Su Shi (蘇軾) (1037-1101) was a writer, poet, artist, calligrapher and statesman of the Song Dynasty, one of the major poets of the Song era. His courtesy name（字）is Zidan (子瞻), self-titled（号）Dongpo Jushi(東坡居士, The one lived in Dongpo) and is often referred to as Su Dongpo (蘇東坡).♦Su Shi was born in Meishan, near mount Emei in what is now Sichuan province. His brother Su Che (蘇轍) and his father Su Xun (蘇洵) were both famous literati. In 1057, he and his brother passed the civil service examinations to attain the degree of jinshi, a prerequisite to holding high government office at that time.♦During the next twenty years, he held a variety of government positions throughout China, most notably in Hangzhou, where he was responsible for constructing a pedestrian causeway(堤道, 铺道)across the West Lake that still bears his name: su di (苏堤).♦He was often at odds(争执, 不一致)with a political faction headed by Wang Anshi. This faction's rise to power eventually resulted in Su Shi being exiled twice to remote places;first (1080-1084) to Huangzhou (now in Hubei province), and the second time (1094-1100) to Huizhou (now in Guangdong province) and Hainan island. In Huangzhou, he lived at a farm called Dongpo (the "Eastern Slope"), from which he took his literary name. He died in Changzhou, Jiangsu province.石钟山记苏轼♦《水经》云：“彭蠡之口有石钟山焉。
”郦元以为下临深潭，微风鼓浪，水石相捕，声如洪钟。
是说也，人常疑之。
今以钟磬置水中，虽大风浪不能鸣也，而况石乎！至唐李渤始访其遗踪，得双石于潭上，扣而聆之，南声函胡，北音清越，木包止响腾，余韵徐歇。
自以为得之矣。
然是说也，余尤疑之。
石之铿然有声者，所在皆是也，而此独以钟名，何哉？元丰七年六月丁丑，余自齐安舟行适临汝，而长子迈将赴饶之德兴尉，送之至湖口，因得观所谓石钟者。
寺僧使小童持斧，于乱石间择其一二扣之。
硿硿焉，余固笑而不信也。
新石钟山记石钟山《水经》云：“彭蠡之口有石钟山焉。
”郦元以为下临深潭，微风鼓浪，水石相捕，声如洪钟。
♦According to The Book of Waters, at the mouth of the Pengli Lake stands a hill named Stone Bell.♦Li Daoyuan explains in his annotation(注解,注释), “The base of the hill reaches a deep pond.♦Stirred by the breeze, the rippling of waves onto the stones sounds like the ringing of huge bells”.是说也，人常疑之。
今以钟磬置水中，虽大风浪不能鸣也，而况石乎！♦There has been a widespread skepticism about this view. Placed in the waters, a bell or a stone chime will never ring in the stormiest waves, let alone the hill-stones!至唐李渤始访其遗踪，得双石于潭(水边)上，扣而聆之，南声函胡，北音清越，余韵徐歇。
♦Li Bo in the Tang Dynasty was the first to explore the site. When he struck two stonesfrom the lakeshore, the one from the south hill sounded dull and muffled compared to the one from the north hill, which sounded clear and rich with a lasting resonation.自以为得之矣。
然是说也，余尤疑之。
♦He thought that he had ascertained the origin of this hill’s name. However, I have harbored more suspicion about this view.石之铿然有声者，所在皆是也，而此独以钟名，何哉？♦Since resounding stones can be found everywhere, why is this hill alone named “Bell”?元丰七年六月丁丑，余自齐安舟行适临汝，而长子迈将赴饶之德兴尉，送之至湖口，因得观所谓石钟者。
♦On the ninth day of the sixth month by the lunar calendar in the seventh year during the Yuanfeng reign (1084), I was taking a boat from Qi’an to Linru while my eldest son Su Mai was going to take office as the county magistrate in Dexing County, Rauzhou Prefecture. On my way to see him off to Hukou, I had the opportunity to see the “Stone Bell” hill.寺僧使小童持斧，于乱石间择其一二扣之。
硿硿焉，余固笑而不信也。
♦When the bonze/monk told a boy to strike at a couple of stones in the rubbles to emit thumping(砰然地响) sounds, I frankly laughed it away.善与恶The Good and the evil♦摘自2000年10月22日《经济参考报》♦苏东坡信仰佛教，对佛学颇有造诣．一次与方丈辩经，两人坐于团垫之上，相论许久。
方丈说：“我在对方的眼里是什么？”苏东坡说：“方丈你在我眼里是一堆牛屎。
”方丈微微一笑，说：“施主你在我眼里是一朵花。
”苏东坡满意而归，与小妹言及此事。
苏小妹说：“佛家有言，心在地狱缘恶念。
你心中有牛屎，才会把别人看成牛屎。
”苏东坡听罢，满脸愧色。
任何善恶的念头，在未变成行动和事实之前，其实在心中早已存在了。
心中充满恶念的人，看别人的眼光就会变异，而心中充满友谊、宽容的人，便会给别人和自己带来欢乐。
苏东坡信仰佛教，对佛学颇有造诣．♦苏东坡：苏东坡原名苏轼Sushi，不要按照别名翻译成Su Tung-po或Su Dongpo。
由于外国人不熟悉苏东坡其人，故此处最好略加说明（,who was a famous writer and calligrapher in the 11th century,）苏东坡信仰佛教，对佛学颇有造诣．♦信仰：believe in, be a believer in♦佛教：Buddhism♦佛学：Buddhist learning, Buddhist philosophy, Buddhist doctrine苏东坡信仰佛教，对佛学颇有造诣．♦颇有造诣：of great attainments♦b e well-versed in…参考译文♦1. Sushi, who was a famous writer，calligrapher and believer of Buddhism, was well-versed in the Buddhist philosophy.♦2. Sushi, a famous writer and calligrapher in the 11th century ，believed in Buddhism and was well-versed in its doctrine.一次与方丈辩经，两人坐于团垫之上，相论许久。
♦增补主语he, 时态可为一般过去时或过去进行时♦一次：once; one day♦方丈：Buddhist abbot, senior monk, head monk♦辩经：讨论经文discuss /debate over Buddhist Scriptures一次与方丈辩经，两人坐于团垫之上，相论许久。
♦团垫：a round cushion♦坐：不能单纯地译成sit，坐于团垫之上含有佛教风味，应处理成“打坐” sit / be seated cross-legged♦相论许久：互相谈论很久。
debate for a long time; had a long debate参考译文-1♦O nce he had (One day he was having) a debate with a Buddhist abbot over Buddhist Scriptures. The two of them sat cross-legged on a round cushion and debated for long hours.参考译文-2♦O nce he was discussing some passages in the Buddhist Scriptures with a Buddhist abbot.Both seated crossed-legged on a round cushion, they debated for a long time.方丈说：我在对方的眼里是什么？♦对方：你you; the other party♦在…的眼里：in the eyes of♦按照对话对待，故需要加引号。
