chaucer

William Caxton威廉·卡克斯顿生平William Caxton (1422-1491) was the first British printer and the person who had the greatest influence on English before Shakespeare. Caxton was born in 1422 in the woods of Wilder, Kent, with some real estate in his family, so he was able to receive a good education. In 1438, he became an apprentice to Le Ze, a famous cloth merchant in London and later mayor of London. After Le Ze's death in 1441, Caxton traveled across the sea to Bruges, Belgium, to start a business specializing in the textile trade between Britain and the Flemish region."Philosopher's Quotes or Epilogues"《哲学家的名言或警句》printed in the UK, which was also the first English printed book with a publication date. In 1481, he published the first English book with illustrations, "The Mirror of the World," full-length blockbusters《世界镜鉴》，and he had translated and published 24 books himself. Of these "Caxton edition" books, there are still 1/3 of them that have survived in solitary or incomplete versions to this day, making them the most precious "incunabula" book in Britain.英国最为珍贵的“摇篮本（incunabula）威廉·卡克斯顿（1422-1491）是英国的第一个印刷商，在莎士比亚之前对英语影响最大的人，卡克斯顿于1422年出生在肯特郡维尔德的林区，家中颇有一些地产，因此能够受到良好的教育。

chaucer英文简介Geoffrey Chaucer, widely considered the Father of English Literature, was born in London in the early 1340s and died in 1400. His life and works played a significant role in the development of the English language, poetry, and storytelling, leaving an enduring legacy that continues to inspire and captivate readers today.Chaucer's early life is not well-documented, and much of what is known about him comes from legal documents and historical records. It is believed that he came from a well-to-do family, as his father, John Chaucer, worked as a wine merchant. Geoffrey Chaucer's early education was probably provided by the Church, as he later received a formal education at the St. Paul's Cathedral School. He then went on to serve as a page in the household of Elizabeth de Burgh, Countess of Ulster, where he would have been exposed to the courtly life and literature of the time.Chaucer's adult life was marked by a career in public service. He held various positions in the royal administration, including customs officer, justice of the peace, and deputy forester. These roles allowed him to travel throughout England and encounter people from various social classes and backgrounds, an experience that greatly influenced his writing.One of Chaucer's most famous works is "The Canterbury Tales," a collection of stories told by a diverse group of pilgrims on their way to the shrine of Thomas Becket in Canterbury. The tales provide a vivid and nuanced portrayal of English society during the Middle Ages, showcasing a cross-section of characters from different walks of life, including a knight, a miller, a prioress, anda pardoner, among others. The variety of voices and perspectives in "The Canterbury Tales" offers a rich tapestry of human experiences, revealing the complexities of medieval society.Chaucer's writing style is notable for its use of Middle English, a precursor to modern English that in his time was transitioning from Old English. He played a crucial role in shaping the English language through his extensive vocabulary and the poetic forms he employed. Chaucer's poetry combines a keen observation of human nature with a deep appreciation for the beauty of language, making his works both entertaining and intellectually stimulating.In addition to "The Canterbury Tales," Chaucer wrote several other significant works, including "Troilus and Criseyde," a tragic love story set during the Trojan War, and "The Book of the Duchess," a poem inspired by the death of Blanche, the wife of Chaucer's patron John of Gaunt. These works showcase Chaucer's versatility as a writer, as he shifts effortlessly between genres and explores a wide range of themes and emotions.Chaucer's influence on English literature cannot be overstated. His writings inspired future generations of poets and writers, including William Shakespeare, who drew heavily from Chaucer's works. Chaucer's innovative use of vernacular English laid the groundwork for the development of the English language as we know it today, bridging the gap between the Old English of the Anglo-Saxon period and the Modern English that emerged in the Renaissance.Although Chaucer's literary reputation waned during the Tudorperiod and the Renaissance, his works experienced a revival in the 19th century with the emergence of literary criticism and the study of medieval literature. Today, Chaucer is recognized as a master storyteller whose works continue to resonate with readers from all walks of life. His vivid characters, memorable narratives, and poetic craftsmanship make him a true literary icon whose contributions to English literature are immeasurable.Geoffrey Chaucer's impact on English literature is not limited to his famous work, "The Canterbury Tales." His writings, spanning various genres and themes, have left a lasting impression on the literary landscape, cementing his status as one of the greatest poets in English history.One of the most significant aspects of Chaucer's writing is his portrayal of diverse social classes. Through his characters, he provides a detailed and at times satirical examination of medieval society. From the noble knight to the bawdy miller, each character in "The Canterbury Tales" represents a different facet of human nature, displaying the complexity and idiosyncrasies of individuals from all walks of life. This rich tapestry of voices and perspectives gives readers a nuanced understanding of social dynamics, highlighting both the virtues and vices that exist in society. Chaucer's ability to capture the essence of his characters is a testament to his keen observational skills and his understanding of human psychology. His characters come to life through their distinct personalities, quirks, and speech patterns. Whether it is the prim and proper Prioress or the comically vulgar Wife of Bath, each character is presented with intricate detail and nuance. Chaucer's ability to create fully realized individuals has greatlyinfluenced subsequent writers, who have sought to capture the complexity of the human experience in their own works.Another aspect of Chaucer's writing that sets him apart is his mastery of various poetic forms. Chaucer experimented with different poetic styles, including ballads, romances, and allegories. His poetic craftsmanship is apparent in his skillful use of rhyme, meter, and imagery. Chaucer's command of language and his ability to evoke strong emotions through his poetry continue to captivate readers and inspire poets to this day.One of Chaucer's most notable works, "Troilus and Criseyde," showcases his poetic talent and his ability to tackle complex themes. The poem tells the tragic love story of Troilus, a Trojan prince, and Criseyde, a Greek maiden. Through their tale, Chaucer explores themes of love, betrayal, and the unpredictability of fate. The poem is a testament to Chaucer's ability to balance emotional depth with intricate storytelling, creating a work that resonates with readers on both an intellectual and emotional level. Chaucer's writings also reveal his deep-rooted religious beliefs and his understanding of spirituality. In "The Canterbury Tales," the pilgrimage to the shrine of Thomas Becket serves as a backdrop for exploring themes of faith, morality, and the moral shortcomings of the clergy. Chaucer's commentary on religion and morality in medieval society provides a valuable insight into the social and cultural complexities of the time.Furthermore, Chaucer's influence extends beyond the realm of literature. His writings played a crucial role in the development ofthe English language. During Chaucer's time, English was undergoing a transition from Old English to Middle English, and Chaucer actively contributed to this linguistic transformation. He drew from various dialects and regional speech patterns, incorporating them into his works and helping to shape the English language into a more unified and standardized form.Chaucer's impact on English literature is undeniable, and his contributions have earned him a place in the literary canon. His writings continue to be studied and celebrated for their literary merit, their social commentary, and their exploration of the human condition. Chaucer's ability to capture the essence of his characters, his mastery of poetic forms, and his role in shaping the English language make him a literary icon who continues to inspire readers and writers alike.In conclusion, Geoffrey Chaucer's life and works have left an indelible mark on English literature. His keen observations of human nature, his poetic craftsmanship, and his contributions to the English language have secured his place as one of the greatest poets in history. Chaucer's writings continue to captivate readers with their vivid characters, compelling narratives, and enduring relevance. His legacy as the Father of English Literature ensures that his works will be cherished and studied for generations to come.。

杰弗里乔叟的英文简介杰弗里乔叟简介Geoffrey Chaucer (about 1343 ~ 1400) British poet. His personal life is quite rich: 1357 years to do the court paternity, 1359 years to participate in the war when the law was captured, the following year by the king of redemption, 1361 - 1367 in the Temple Law Association training, 1366 and the queen of the palace The womens marriage, after many times on behalf of Edward III to the European continent, to Belgium, France, Italy and other countries, have the opportunity to meet Boccaccio and Petrak, which his literary creation had a great impact. In 1374, Chaucer was the London fur management officer, and in 1382 served as the tariff manager for alcohol and other commodities. In 1385, Chaucer was the magistrate of Kent, the second year was elected to the county knight to attend the lower house of parliament. In 1389 years after the KMT government, Chaucer has served as the royal construction works and Somerset royal forest deputy director. Chaucer was deprived of official and annuities during the asylum of the asylum, and the economy was strained. He had written the oil poem to the empty capsule to just ascend to Henry IV, complain about their own poverty. In 1400, Joao died and was buried at Poets Corner in Londons Westminster Church. He was also the first poet to be buried here.Chaucers poetic creation is divided into three periods: (1) the French influence period (1360 ~ 1372): the main translation and follow the works of the French poet, created the Duchess (The Book of the Duchess (1369) Dialect translation of the French medieval long narrative poem rose legend and so on. ② the Italian influence period(1372 ~ 1386): the poet came into contact with the progressive thinking of bourgeois humanism. The creation of this period, such as the Birds Conference, Troilus and Criseyde (c. 1385)), The Story of a Good Woman , reflects the authors creation for the reality of life Attitude and humanism. ③ mature period (1386 ~ 1400): Chaucer in the last 15 years in the Canterbury story set creation. Both in content and skills to achieve the pinnacle of his creation. His first heroic rhyme is widely used by British poets later, known as the father of British poetry.The early creation of Chaucer was influenced by Italian and French literature. He introduced the literature of knights in the French literature, the lyrics and animal fables, and so on. Its early works Trolls and Clay West (1385), character character to create vivid and delicate, language witty humor.From 1377 onwards, Chaucer repeatedly made the European continent, in contact with Dante, Pietrak and Boccaccio and others works. These writers anti-feudal anti-religious spirit and humanism, so that Chaucers creative thinking has undergone profound changes, began to turn to realism. The narrative poem Trolls and the West, which is rewritten according to a long poem of Boccaccio, rejects the traditions of fantasy and fables, instead of the description of the characters and life details in the real world. A realist work.Chaucer carried out the creation of The Canterbury Tales (1387-1400) in the last fifteen years of his life. This is his most outstanding work.Chaucers vision, profound observation, rich writing style, truly reflect the lives of different social classes, created a realist tradition of British literature, Shakespeare and Dickens have an impact.Canterbury story set is the British writer Chaucers novel. The workdescribes a group of pilgrims gathered in a small London hotel, ready to pilgrimage to Canterbury. Shopkeepers suggested that pilgrims on the way to the two stories, to see who speak the best. The story set includes 23 stories, one of the most wonderful stories are: the knights story of love tragedy, the story of the knights knights knight, the soldier who sells the crucifixion, the talismans story, the businessmans story The story of the family disputes, the story of the farmers touching love and generosity. The works extensively reflect the British social life of the embryonic period of capitalism, exposing the corruption of the church, the greed and hypocrisy of the priest, condemning the asceticism of human nature, affirming the secular love life.The artistic achievements of the Canterbury Tales are very high, far exceeding the previous British literary works, the first example of the realism in British literary history. The work combines humor and satire, and the comedy is strong, and most of the stories are written in double rhyme poems, which have had an impact on later English literature. People figure clear, lively language. Chaucers creation of the vibrant London dialect also laid the foundations for the English literary language. His first heroic rhyme was widely used by British poets in the future, and Chaucer was hailed as the father of English poetry.杰弗里乔叟作品Geoffrey Chaucer (1340 - 1400), a famous British medieval writer, was born in a wine family. 1359 years with the troops of Edward III leap in France, captured by the French army, and soon to redemption. Chaucer became kings attendants, made many European countries, twice visited Italy, found Dante, Boccaccio and Petraks works, his literary creation played a great role. The Book of the Duchess, The House of Fame, The House of Fowles, The House of Fae, The House of Fowles, The House of Fowles, The House of Fowles, The House ofFowles, The House of Fowles, The House of Fowles, The House of Fowles, The House of Fowles, The House of Fowles, The House of Fowles, The House of Fowles, The Legend of Good Women and Troilus and Criseyde. Chaucer died in London on October 25, 1400, and was buried in the corner of the poet in Westminster Abbey. Chaucers death is unknown, may be murdered, the British medieval research expert Terry Jones had a book Who murdered Chaucer Chaucer first took the London dialect writing, and the creation of heroic bimodal, the British national language and literature development great influence, it is known as the father of British poetry.。