chaucer

历史上的乔叟是谁乔叟是最具有“英国性”的文学家，被尊为“英国诗歌之父”，是英国在中世纪时候最伟大的文学家。

下面是店铺搜集整理的历史上的乔叟，希望对你有帮助。

历史上的乔叟杰弗雷·乔叟(Geoffrey Chaucer，1343年-1400年10月25日)是诗人、哲学家、炼金术士、天文学家，被称为英国文学之父，是中世纪公认为最伟大的英国诗人，也是首位葬在维斯特敏斯特教堂诗人之角(Poet of Westminster Abbey)的诗人。

杰弗雷·乔叟投身于为民服务的职业中，做过官员，侍臣和外交家。

他创作了《公爵之书》(The Book of the Duchess)、《声誉之屋》(House of Fame)、《贤妇传奇》(Lengend of Good Wife)、《托爱乐斯与克莱西达》(Troilus and Criseyde )等作品，其中最为著名的是《坎伯雷故事集》(The Canterbury Tales)。

杰弗雷·乔叟在促进和中世纪英语白话的正统方面起着举足轻重的作用，当时的文学语言主要是法语和拉丁语。

乔叟的历史贡献杰弗里乔叟是英国中世纪最为伟大的文学家，他开启了伊丽莎白时期的文学道路。

乔叟的历史贡献是不言而喻的，他作为英国的诗歌之父，一生遗留下不少的优秀作品。

《坎特伯雷故事集》、《公爵夫人之书》、《声誉之宫》和《特罗勒斯和克莱西德》都是他的经典作品。

这些作品一些是杰弗里乔叟的早期作品，比如《公爵夫人之书》。

这本书是杰弗里乔叟第一本创作的书籍，从这本书中我们可以看到乔叟的早期风格。

书中混杂着法国文学的艺术风格和意大利的文学风格，让《公爵夫人之书》这本著作像是意大利和法国的混血儿。

随着乔叟开始不停地接触到更多的文学作品，让他慢慢摸着了属于自己的文学风格。

真正具有英国文学风格的作品是他的《坎特伯雷故事集》，在这本书中虽然会有很多似曾相识的影子，但是又是乔叟开创的独特的英式作品。

chaucer英文简介Geoffrey Chaucer, widely considered the Father of English Literature, was born in London in the early 1340s and died in 1400. His life and works played a significant role in the development of the English language, poetry, and storytelling, leaving an enduring legacy that continues to inspire and captivate readers today.Chaucer's early life is not well-documented, and much of what is known about him comes from legal documents and historical records. It is believed that he came from a well-to-do family, as his father, John Chaucer, worked as a wine merchant. Geoffrey Chaucer's early education was probably provided by the Church, as he later received a formal education at the St. Paul's Cathedral School. He then went on to serve as a page in the household of Elizabeth de Burgh, Countess of Ulster, where he would have been exposed to the courtly life and literature of the time.Chaucer's adult life was marked by a career in public service. He held various positions in the royal administration, including customs officer, justice of the peace, and deputy forester. These roles allowed him to travel throughout England and encounter people from various social classes and backgrounds, an experience that greatly influenced his writing.One of Chaucer's most famous works is "The Canterbury Tales," a collection of stories told by a diverse group of pilgrims on their way to the shrine of Thomas Becket in Canterbury. The tales provide a vivid and nuanced portrayal of English society during the Middle Ages, showcasing a cross-section of characters from different walks of life, including a knight, a miller, a prioress, anda pardoner, among others. The variety of voices and perspectives in "The Canterbury Tales" offers a rich tapestry of human experiences, revealing the complexities of medieval society.Chaucer's writing style is notable for its use of Middle English, a precursor to modern English that in his time was transitioning from Old English. He played a crucial role in shaping the English language through his extensive vocabulary and the poetic forms he employed. Chaucer's poetry combines a keen observation of human nature with a deep appreciation for the beauty of language, making his works both entertaining and intellectually stimulating.In addition to "The Canterbury Tales," Chaucer wrote several other significant works, including "Troilus and Criseyde," a tragic love story set during the Trojan War, and "The Book of the Duchess," a poem inspired by the death of Blanche, the wife of Chaucer's patron John of Gaunt. These works showcase Chaucer's versatility as a writer, as he shifts effortlessly between genres and explores a wide range of themes and emotions.Chaucer's influence on English literature cannot be overstated. His writings inspired future generations of poets and writers, including William Shakespeare, who drew heavily from Chaucer's works. Chaucer's innovative use of vernacular English laid the groundwork for the development of the English language as we know it today, bridging the gap between the Old English of the Anglo-Saxon period and the Modern English that emerged in the Renaissance.Although Chaucer's literary reputation waned during the Tudorperiod and the Renaissance, his works experienced a revival in the 19th century with the emergence of literary criticism and the study of medieval literature. Today, Chaucer is recognized as a master storyteller whose works continue to resonate with readers from all walks of life. His vivid characters, memorable narratives, and poetic craftsmanship make him a true literary icon whose contributions to English literature are immeasurable.Geoffrey Chaucer's impact on English literature is not limited to his famous work, "The Canterbury Tales." His writings, spanning various genres and themes, have left a lasting impression on the literary landscape, cementing his status as one of the greatest poets in English history.One of the most significant aspects of Chaucer's writing is his portrayal of diverse social classes. Through his characters, he provides a detailed and at times satirical examination of medieval society. From the noble knight to the bawdy miller, each character in "The Canterbury Tales" represents a different facet of human nature, displaying the complexity and idiosyncrasies of individuals from all walks of life. This rich tapestry of voices and perspectives gives readers a nuanced understanding of social dynamics, highlighting both the virtues and vices that exist in society. Chaucer's ability to capture the essence of his characters is a testament to his keen observational skills and his understanding of human psychology. His characters come to life through their distinct personalities, quirks, and speech patterns. Whether it is the prim and proper Prioress or the comically vulgar Wife of Bath, each character is presented with intricate detail and nuance. Chaucer's ability to create fully realized individuals has greatlyinfluenced subsequent writers, who have sought to capture the complexity of the human experience in their own works.Another aspect of Chaucer's writing that sets him apart is his mastery of various poetic forms. Chaucer experimented with different poetic styles, including ballads, romances, and allegories. His poetic craftsmanship is apparent in his skillful use of rhyme, meter, and imagery. Chaucer's command of language and his ability to evoke strong emotions through his poetry continue to captivate readers and inspire poets to this day.One of Chaucer's most notable works, "Troilus and Criseyde," showcases his poetic talent and his ability to tackle complex themes. The poem tells the tragic love story of Troilus, a Trojan prince, and Criseyde, a Greek maiden. Through their tale, Chaucer explores themes of love, betrayal, and the unpredictability of fate. The poem is a testament to Chaucer's ability to balance emotional depth with intricate storytelling, creating a work that resonates with readers on both an intellectual and emotional level. Chaucer's writings also reveal his deep-rooted religious beliefs and his understanding of spirituality. In "The Canterbury Tales," the pilgrimage to the shrine of Thomas Becket serves as a backdrop for exploring themes of faith, morality, and the moral shortcomings of the clergy. Chaucer's commentary on religion and morality in medieval society provides a valuable insight into the social and cultural complexities of the time.Furthermore, Chaucer's influence extends beyond the realm of literature. His writings played a crucial role in the development ofthe English language. During Chaucer's time, English was undergoing a transition from Old English to Middle English, and Chaucer actively contributed to this linguistic transformation. He drew from various dialects and regional speech patterns, incorporating them into his works and helping to shape the English language into a more unified and standardized form.Chaucer's impact on English literature is undeniable, and his contributions have earned him a place in the literary canon. His writings continue to be studied and celebrated for their literary merit, their social commentary, and their exploration of the human condition. Chaucer's ability to capture the essence of his characters, his mastery of poetic forms, and his role in shaping the English language make him a literary icon who continues to inspire readers and writers alike.In conclusion, Geoffrey Chaucer's life and works have left an indelible mark on English literature. His keen observations of human nature, his poetic craftsmanship, and his contributions to the English language have secured his place as one of the greatest poets in history. Chaucer's writings continue to captivate readers with their vivid characters, compelling narratives, and enduring relevance. His legacy as the Father of English Literature ensures that his works will be cherished and studied for generations to come.。

Chaucer（1343-1400）代表作《坎特伯雷故事》（Canterbury Tales，1386-1400）威斯敏斯特教堂“诗人角”Comments on Chaucer:1.Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales is a panorama of the 14th century England. His 30 pilgrims, coming from all walks of life, stand for all classes of his time.2. As a pioneer of humanism, Chaucer affirms men and women’s pursuit of their happiness on earth and opposes the dogma of asceticism preached by the church.3. Chaucer is the first important poet who writes in the English language. He isa great master of English. His language, known as Middle English now, is vivid and exact. He makes English the language of literature and London dialect the standard English.4.Chaucer’s contribution lies chiefly in his introduction of Heroic Couplet, or lines of iambic pentameter in rhymed couplets, into English poet押韵：五步抑扬格基本节奏和两两对仗William Shakespeare（1564-1616）代表作《哈姆雷特》（Hamlet,1601）《李尔王》（King Lear,1605）《麦克白》（Macbeth,1606）Comments on Shakespeare1) Shakespeare is one of the founders of realism in world literature. Living in the historical period of the transition from feudalism to capitalism, he faithfully and vividly reflects the major social contradiction of his time.-- “to hold as it were, the mirror up to nature; to show virtue her own feature, scorn her own image, and the very age and body of the time”2) His drama becomes a monument of the English Renaissance.Shakespeare was skilled in many poetic forms: the sonnet, the couplet, and the blank verse. He was especially at home with the blank verse (unrhymed iambic pentameters).3) Shakespeare was a great master of the English language. He used about 16,000 words. Shakespeare and the Authorized Version of the English Bible are the two great treasuries of the English language.4) The popularity of Shakespeare is a worldwide phenomenon. His name has been known to China for more than a hundred years, and many of his plays have been widely read among Chinese people.背诵：To be or not to be—that is the question:Whether’tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortuneOr to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them. To die—to sleep—No more;and by a sleep to say we endThe heartache,and the thousand natural shocksThat flesh is heir to.’Tis a consummationDevoutly to be wish’d. To die—to sleep—To sleep—perchance to dream:ay, there’s the rub!For in that sleep of death what dreams may comeWhen we have shuffled off this mortal coil,Must give us pause. There’s the respectThat makes calamity of so long life.Francis Bacon（1561-1626）伦敦基本信息：1.He was the first English writer who paid attention to the audience to whom he was writing.2. He wrote the greatest tracts on education in the English language,Advancement of Learning.《学术的推进》3. He and Newton represent the advancement of science during the 17th century. In fact, Bacon devised the inductive method of doing research.4. He introduced the essay as a literary form into the English language.代表作《论读书》（Of studies）《论婚姻和单身》（Of Marrige and Single Life）背诵：Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation;读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足to weigh and consider.应推敲细思。

Character of knight in excerpt of The Canterbury TalesGeoffrey Chaucer is the founder of English poetry. In his masterpiece The Canterbury Tales, he made a collection of various stories, which was written in Middle English at late 14th century.During the general prologue of The Canterbury Tales, Chaucer painted a general picture of people coming from different professions and social classes go to Canterbury for pilgrimage. And among all these characters, there is a impressive knight who has just come back from his voyage.The brave knight always follow the principles of chivalry from the very beginning of his career. He has the eight spirits of a knight. He is a man of humility、bravery、honesty and spirituality, a man, who is always ready for sacrifice and whose heart is full of mercy、honor and fairness. What’s more, he is the epitome of gentility, a man who insist on the truth, peruse for freedom. And because of these, Everyone in the trip for pilgrimage looks up to and respects him.He is a strong and brave man who has been into a lot of horrible battles and served his king nobly. Fortunately, not only did he defeat the enemies(such as evil wizard and giant)and protect the kind ,but also survive through those tough times. All these won a respectable honor and reputation for him.He is also a gentle、modest and unpretentious person. Although hehas distinguished himself several times in battle, he never talks about his brave deeds. Also, he was a distinguished person and the perfect leader in the public eyes, but he did not take ostentatious attitude and luxury life for granted. In fact, he never use loutish language or splendid equipments,he did not have Instead, he just had a decent horse but not delicately decorated,he himself was clothed a plain and stained dress---a dark and harsh tunic, a rust-stained coat which showing the remaining remarks of past battles clearly.So according to the general description of knight of percept of The Canterbury Tales and my own understanding , the knight is a respectable、honored and noble man, he is also quite modest、honest 、brave and wise.外国语学院2010级英语三班李娇娇（100201051）。

Chaucer was born circa 1343 in London,his name is derived from the French chausseur, meaning shoemaker. There are few details of Chaucer's early life and education but compared with near contemporary poets, William Langland and the Pearl Poet, his life is well documented, with nearly five hundred written items testifying to his career. The first time he is mentioned is in 1357, in the household accounts of Elizabeth de Burgh, the Countess of Ulster, when he became the noblewoman's page through his father's connections. He also worked as a courtier, a diplomat, and a civil servant, as well as working for the king, collecting and inventorying scrap metal.Chaucer's first major work, The Book of the Duchess, was an elegy for Blanche of Lancaster. It is possible that this work was commissioned by her husband John of Gaunt, as he granted Chaucer a £10 annuity on 13 June 1374. This would seem to place the writing of The Book of the Duchess between the years 1369 and 1374. Two other early works by Chaucer were Anelida and Arcite and The House of Fame. Chaucer wrote many of his major works in a prolific period when he held the job of customs comptroller for London. His Parlement of Foules, The Legend of Good Women and Troilus and Criseyde all date from this time. Also it is believed that he started work on The Canterbury Tales in the early 1380s. Chaucer is best known as the writer of The Canterbury Tales, which is a collection of stories told by fictional pilgrims on the road to the cathedral at Canterbury; these tales would help to shape English literature.Chaucer also translated such important works as Boethius' Consolation of Philosophy and The Romance of the Rose by Guillaume de Lorris. However, while many scholars maintain that Chaucer did indeed translate part of the text of Roman de la Rose as The Romaunt of the Rose, others claim that this has been effectively disproved. Many of his other works were very loose translations of, or simply based on, works from continental Europe. It is in this role that Chaucer receives some of his earliest critical praise. Eustache Deschamps wrote a ballade on the great translator and called himself a "nettle in Chaucer's garden of poetry".Chaucer wrote in continental accentual-syllabic meter, a style which had developed since around the twelfth century as an alternative to the alliterativeAnglo-Saxon metre. Chaucer is known for metrical innovation, inventing the rhyme royal, and he was one of the first English poets to use the five-stress line, a decasyllabic cousin to the iambic pentameter, in his work, with only a few anonymous short works using it before him.[16] The arrangement of these five-stress lines into rhyming couplets, first seen in his The Legend of Good Women, was used in much of his later work and became one of the standard poetic forms in English. His early influence as a satirist is also important, with the common humorous device, the funny accent of a regional dialect, apparently making its first appearance in The Reeve's Tale.The poetry of Chaucer, along with other writers of the era, is credited with helping to standardise the London Dialect of the Middle English language from a combination of the Kentish and Midlands dialects. This is probably overstated; the influence of the court, chancery and bureaucracy—of which Chaucer was a part—remains a more probable influence on the development of Standard English. Modern English is somewhat distanced from the language of Chaucer's poems owing to the effect of the Great Vowel Shift some time after his death. This change in the pronunciation of English, still not fully understood, makes the reading of Chaucer difficult for the modern audience, though it is thought by some that the modern Scottish accent is closely related to the sound of Middle English. The status of the final in Chaucer's verse is uncertain: it seems likely that during the period of Chaucer's writing the final was dropping out of colloquial English and that its use was somewhat irregular. Chaucer's versification suggests that the final is sometimes to be vocalised, and sometimes to be silent; however, this remains a point on which there is disagreement. When it is vocalised, most scholars pronounce it as a schwa. Apart from the irregular spelling, much of the vocabulary is recognisable to the modern reader. Chaucer is also recorded in the Oxford English Dictionary as the first author to use many common English words in his writings. These words were probably frequently used in the language at the time but Chaucer, with his ear for common speech, is the earliest manuscript source. Acceptable, alkali, altercation, amble, angrily, annex, annoyance, approaching, arbitration, armless, army, arrogant, arsenic, arc, artillery and aspect are just some of the many English words first attested in Chaucer.Widespread knowledge of Chaucer's works is attested by the many poets who imitated or responded to his writing. John Lydgate was one of the earliest poets to write continuations of Chaucer's unfinished Tales while Robert Henryson's Testament of Cresseid completes the story of Cressida left unfinished in his Troilus and Criseyde. Many of the manuscripts of Chaucer's works contain material from these poets and later appreciations by the romantic era poets were shaped by their failure to distinguish the later "additions" from original Chaucer. Seventeenth and eighteenth century writers, such as John Dryden, admired Chaucer for his stories, but not for his rhythm and rhyme, as few critics could then read Middle English and the text had been butchered by printers, leaving a somewhat unadmirable mess. It was not until the late 19th century that the official Chaucerian canon, accepted today, was decided upon, largely as a result of Walter William Skeat's work. One hundred and fifty years after his death, The Canterbury Tales was selected by William Caxton to be one of the first books to be printed in England.。

乔叟的名言名句英文乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer）是中世纪英国文学史上的重要作家，他的作品《坎特伯雷故事集》（The Canterbury Tales）被认为是英国文学的里程碑之一。

以下是一些乔叟的名言名句的英文翻译：1. "The life so short, the craft so long to learn."（《坎特伯雷故事集》）。

（生命如此短暂，技艺如此难以掌握。

）。

2. "Patience is a conquering virtue."（《特洛伊勇士传》）。

（耐心是一种征服的美德。

）。

3. "Time and tide wait for no man."（《特洛伊勇士传》）。

（时光不等人。

）。

4. "The greatest scholars are not usually the wisestpeople."（《特洛伊勇士传》）。

（最伟大的学者通常不是最聪明的人。

）。

5. "Love is blind."（《特洛伊勇士传》）。

（爱情是盲目的。

）。

6. "Better late than never."（《特洛伊勇士传》）。

（迟做总比不做好。

）。

7. "All good things must come to an end."（《特洛伊勇士传》）。

（所有美好的事物都必将结束。

）。

8. "The guilty think all talk is of themselves."（《特洛伊勇士传》）。

（罪犯总认为别人谈论的都是他们自己。

）。

这些是乔叟的一些著名的名言名句的英文翻译，展示了他对生活、人性和社会等方面的思考和见解。