新概念英语一总结练习七_被动语态
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新概念英语一语法总结新概念英语一语法总结新概念英语一是一个专门为非英语国家的初级英语学习者设计的教材。
下面是对新概念英语一中涉及的语法知识进行的总结和归纳,帮助学习者更好地理解和掌握这些知识点。
1. 句子的基本结构英语句子的基本结构为主语+谓语。
主语一般位于句子的最前面,谓语动词紧随其后。
2. 过去式和过去分词过去式和过去分词通常以-ed结尾,但也有一些不规则动词需要特别记忆。
过去式用于表示过去的动作,过去分词用于完成时态和被动语态。
3. 一般现在时一般现在时表示经常性的动作或现有的状态。
肯定句的谓语动词直接使用动词原形,否定句和疑问句需要使用助动词do。
4. 一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作。
肯定句的谓语动词使用动词的过去式,否定句和疑问句需要使用助动词did。
5. 一般将来时一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作。
谓语动词使用助动词will。
6. 现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。
谓语动词由be动词(am、is、are)+动词的现在分词构成。
7. 一般将来时(be going to)一般将来时还可以用be going to来表示。
肯定句的谓语动词由am、is、are + going to + 动词原形构成。
8. 现在完成时现在完成时表示过去发生并与现在有关的动作。
谓语动词由have/has + 动词的过去分词构成。
9. 进行时态进行时态表示现在(或将来)某一时刻正在进行的动作。
谓语动词由助动词be的适当形式 + 动词的现在分词构成。
10. 完成时态完成时态表示过去某一时刻已完成的动作。
谓语动词由助动词have的适当形式 + 动词的过去分词构成。
11. 被动语态被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
谓语动词由be的适当形式 + 动词的过去分词构成。
12. 情态动词情态动词表示可能性、能力、意愿、许可等。
常用的情态动词有can、could、may、might、must、shall、should、will、would等。
被动语态知识点总结一、什么是被动语态被动语态是英语中一种重要的语法结构,用于表达主语是动作的承受者而非执行者的情况。
在一个主动语态的句子中,主语是执行动作的主体;而在被动语态中,主语则是接受动作的对象。
例如,主动句“John eats an apple”(约翰吃了一个苹果。
)中,John 是吃这个动作的执行者;而被动句“An apple is eaten by John”(一个苹果被约翰吃了。
)中,an apple 变成了动作的承受者。
二、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成通常是“be +过去分词”。
其中,be 动词根据时态和主语的人称和数进行变化,过去分词则保持不变。
1、一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are +过去分词例如:The room is cleaned every day(这个房间每天都被打扫。
)2、一般过去时的被动语态:was/were +过去分词例如:The bridge was built last year(这座桥是去年建的。
)3、一般将来时的被动语态:will be +过去分词或 be going to be +过去分词例如:The sports meeting will be held next week(运动会将在下周举行。
)The party is going to be organized by them(聚会将由他们组织。
)4、现在进行时的被动语态:am/is/are + being +过去分词例如:The problem is being discussed now(这个问题正在被讨论。
)5、过去进行时的被动语态:was/were + being +过去分词例如:The machine was being repaired at that time(那时候机器正在被修理。
)6、现在完成时的被动语态:have/has been +过去分词例如:The work has been finished(工作已经完成了。
新概念英语第一册语法点归纳新概念一共144课,其中单课为课文,双课为语法和练习。
整本书是以单数课为正课,并附带有插图而双数课则是针对单数课所讲的内容有针对性地进行练习,从此出展现出整个新概念一教材区别于其他教材的独特之处。
以下是对新概念一整本教材的理解和剖析,以供各位对整个课本的理解和把握上参考和借鉴。
首先根据课本中出现的时态来分析:本册书的语法出现层次性和规律性是很强的,首先我们先来整本书中都出了哪些时态,这些时态的具体分布和讲解时我们大家需要注意的递进性。
Lesson 31—34 现在进行时Lesson 37—40 第一次出现be going to 的将来时Lesson 51—56 一般现在时Lesson 67—76 为一般过去式Lesson 83—90 为现在完成时Lesson 91—96 为一般将来时 (will)Lesson 117—118 过去进行时Lesson 119—120 过去完成时除去前面所有时态和句型所占据的76课我们一起来看一下以下的68课,每一课小的语言点,语法点都是在什么地方,应该用什么样的方式来讲解。
在这里告诉学员新概念一的每一个单课的重点都是出现双课的标题和课后的练习题里面。
Lesson1—2语言点:与陌生人说话或引起别人的注意。
Excuse me. Yes? Pardon? Thank you very much.语法点:主系表结构this为主语,名词做表语1的一般疑问句以及它的肯定回答。
Is this your handbag? Yes, it is.Lesson 5—6语言点:如何介绍别人。
This is Miss Sophie Dupont. Nice to meet you.语法点:主语为第三人称单数的主系表结构。
She is French. He is German. It’s a Volvo.(L6)a/an 的使用。
Lesson 7—8语言点:如何自我介绍和相互认识。
新概念英语一册语法总结一.时态:一般现在时,现在进行时,一般过去时,现在完成时,一般将来时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去将来时1. 一般现在时表示一般性,经常性的动作或一般性事实。
■含有be动词的句子He is a teacher.The girl is very beautiful.Tim and Jack are students.★变疑问句将be动词移到句首Is he a teacher?Is the girl very beautiful?Are Tim and Jack students?★变否定句在be动词后面加notHe is not a teacher.The girl is not very beautiful.Tim and Jack are not students.★肯定回答及否定回答Yes, he is. No, he is not.Yes, she is. No, she is not.Yes, they are. No, they are not.■不含有be动词的句子,即含有一般动词的句子第三人称单数及单数名词He likes books.She likes him.The dog likes bones.★变疑问句在句首加does, 动词变为原型Does he like books?Does she like him?Does the dog like bones?★变否定句在主语及动词之间加doesn’t,动词变为原型He doesn’t like books.She doesn’t like him.The dog doesn’t like bones.★肯定回答及否定回答:Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.Yes, it does. No, it doesn’t.注意:第三人称单数形式一般在动词后面加S,不要和名词复数混淆,变否定句或疑问句时名词复数没有任何变化。
(完整版)被动语态讲解及练习(附答案)被动语态讲解一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be+过去分词构成,be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2)has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3)am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here.4)was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5)had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6)was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.7)shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8)should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9)shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)例The project will have been completed before July.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
被动语态用法知识梳理与专项练习一、被动语态的用法1.一般现在时的被动语态构成:is / am / are +及物动词的过去分词例:Our classroom is cleaned every day.我们教室每天都被打扫。
2.一般过去时的被动语态构成:was / were +及物动词的过去分词例:A new shop was built last year.去年修了一座新商店。
3.一般将来时的被动语态构成:will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词例:A new hospital will be built in our city.我们城市将要修建一家新医院。
4.现在进行时的被动语态构成:am / is / are + being +及物动词的过去分词例:My bike is being repaired by uncle Wang now.王叔叔正在修理我的自行车。
5.现在完成时的被动语态构成:has / have + been +及物动词的过去分词例:例:This book has been translated into many languages.这本书被翻译成多种文字。
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries在许多国家有许多人造卫星被送上了太空。
6.过去进行时的被动语态构成:was/were + being +及物动词的过去分词例:The new road was being made.这条新路正在修筑。
7.过去完成时的被动语态构成:had + been +及物动词的过去分词例:The classroom hadn`t been cleaned before the teacher came.在老师来之前,教室尚未打扫。
8.将来完成时的被动语态构成:shall/ will + have been done例:They will have been married for 20 years by then.届时,他们结婚将满20周年。
新概念英语第一册所有语法点汇总)1.一般现在时一般现在时用来表示经常性的行为、习惯、常理或客观事实。
2.一般过去时一般过去时用来表示过去一些具体时间发生的事情。
3.一般将来时一般将来时用来表示将来一些时间或状况下会发生的事情。
4.现在进行时现在进行时用来表示现在正在进行的动作或状态。
5.过去进行时过去进行时用来表示过去一些时间正在进行的动作。
6.将来进行时将来进行时用来表示将来一些时间正在进行的动作。
7. there be句型there be句型用来表示地有人或物,用来描述存在的事物。
8.一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态用来表示事物被做或被发生。
9.一般过去时的被动语态一般过去时的被动语态用来表示过去事物被做或被发生。
10.一般将来时的被动语态一般将来时的被动语态用来表示将来事物将被做或被发生。
11.现在进行时的被动语态现在进行时的被动语态用来表示事物正在被做或被发生。
12.过去进行时的被动语态过去进行时的被动语态用来表示过去事物正在被做或被发生。
13. do与does的用法do和does用来构成否定句、疑问句和回答。
14.现在完成时现在完成时用来表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
15.现在完成进行时现在完成进行时用来表示从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作,且这个动作可能还会继续下去。
16.过去完成时过去完成时用来表示过去在一些时间或事件之前已经完成的动作。
17.过去完成进行时过去完成进行时用来表示过去一些时间持续进行的动作,这个动作在另一个过去时间之前已经结束。
18.表示数量的词表示数量的词包括数词、基数词、序数词、分数和百分数等。
19.表示频率的词表示频率的词用来描述件事情发生的频率,如常常、经常、有时、很少、从不等。
20.表示时间的词表示时间的词用来描述一些事件发生的时间,如年、月、日、星期、时、分、秒等。
21.表示地点的词表示地点的词用来描述一些事件发生的地点,如国家、城市、街道、大楼等。
七年级被动语态知识点总结被动语态是英语中的重要语法形式,常常在日常交流中使用,而在学习英语的过程中,也是必须掌握的重要知识点之一。
本文将着重总结七年级被动语态的知识点,为广大同学提供参考。
一、被动语态的概念和构成被动语态是英语中的一种句子结构,表示主语所受到的动作或影响,并不揭示主语的行动者或来源。
被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成,其中“be”表示助动词,过去分词则表示被动动作的完成。
例如:The phone was answered by Mary. (这部电话被玛丽接听了)其中,“was”是助动词,“answered”则是过去分词,表示接听的完成。
二、被动语态的语态转换当我们需要转换主动语态为被动语态或反之亦然时,需要注意以下规则:1.主动句变为被动句时,主语变为被动语态的动作承受者,并且需要在前面加上适当的介词。
例如:They built a new school last year. (他们去年建造了一所新学校。
)→ A new school was built by them last year. (一所新学校于去年被他们建造了。
)2.被动句变为主动句时,被动语态中的动作承受者变为主语,并且需要加上相应的动词变形。
例如:The book was written by my father. (这本书是由我父亲写的。
)→ My father wrote the book. (我的父亲写了这本书。
)三、被动语态的时态和语态变化被动语态与主动语态一样,可以使用各种各样的时态。
被动语态的时态变化是通过改变助动词的形式来实现的。
例如:现在进行时:am/is/are being+过去分词The letter is being written by Mary. (这封信正在被玛丽写。
)一般过去时:was/were+过去分词The car was repaired by Tom. (这辆车是由汤姆修理的。
新概念英语一总结练习七被动语态【复习】一、总述:英语动词有两种语态,即主动语态(The Active Voice)和被动语态(The Passive Voice).主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动,而英语用:助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
二、被动语态的形式1) 常用时态的被动语态的构成:被动语态的基本形式为助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词,即be done。
被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上,其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。
以give 为例,列表如下:一般现在时:am / is / are + given一般过去时:was / were +given一般将来时:shall / will +be+ given过去进行时:was / were + being + given现在进行时:am / is / are + being + given过去完成时:had + been + given现在完成时:have / has + been + given将来完成时:shall / will + have been + given过去将来时:should / would +be+ given现在完成进行时:have/has been being done含情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be done[注]被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
2)被动语态的否定式:在第一个助动词后加not构成。
Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。
3)被动语态的疑问式:把第一个助动词提到主语之前,句尾加问号构成。
Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗? How much money was stolen in all 一共被偷了多少钱?三、被动语态使用范围谁做的动作不知道,说出谁做的没必要。
动作承受者需强调,用被动语态莫忘了。
1. Some stamps were stolen last week.2. The PRC was founded on October 1, 1949.3. Football is played in most middle schools.四、主动语态与被动语态的转换1.主语+谓语+宾语练习:将下列各句改为被动语态。
He plants trees in spring.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.They make shoes in that factory.1They bought ten computers last term.Amy can take good care of Gina .We are painting the rooms.The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. They will send cars abroad by sea.Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.主动语态变被动语态口诀:宾语提前主语变,原主变宾by后见,时态人称be关键。
注意:把主动语态变为被动语态时,其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致,其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。
We have bought a new computer.A new computer ______ been bought.2. 主语+谓语+间接宾语(sb.)+直接宾语(sth.)My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.I was given a present on my birthday.A present was given to me yesterday.注意:一般在下列动词后,常在间接宾语前用介词to,如:bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。
一般在下列动词后,间接宾语前用介词for, 如:build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。
练习1:将下列句子变为被动语态。
The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.练习2:在横线上填for 或者to.1)Mother made me a new skirt. (A new skirt was made _____ me. )2) The meat was cooked ______us.3) My bike was lent ____ her.4) Some country music was played _____ us.5) The cup with mixture was showed ______ the class.注意:有些既不用to 也不用for, 根据动词与介词的搭配关系。
He asked me a question. (A question was asked of me. )People all over the world know the Great Wall.The Great Wall is known to people all over the world. (不用by短语)3. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语带复合宾语(宾语+ 宾补)的动词改为被动语态时,一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语,而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。
如:We always keep the classroom clean.→The classroom is always kept clean.She told us to follow her instructions.→W e were told t o follow her instructions.注意:在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to,但改成被动语态后都带to,这时不定式为主语补足语,也就是说不定式作主语补足语不存在省略to 的问题。
We often hear him play the guitar.→He is often heard to play the guit ar.注意:带有复合宾语的句子,如果宾语补足语是名词,变被动句时,应将宾语变为主语,不要误把宾语补足语的名词作主语。
如:Tomatoes were first taken back to Europe and people called them love apples.误:Love apples were called them.正:They were called love apples.五、下列情况主动句不能改为被动句:第一,感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义,如:feel,look, seem, taste, sound, remain 等。
— Do you like the material? — Yes, it feels very soft.误:It is felt very soft.The food tastes delicious.误:The food is tasted delicious.The pop music sounds beautiful.误:The pop music is sounded beautiful.第二,谓语是及物动词leave, enter, reach, suit, have, benefit, lack, own等。
如:He entered the room and got his book.误:The room was entered and his book was got.She had her hand burned.误:Her hand was had burned.第三,不及物动词没有被动语态,如:rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie等。
When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already risen.误:The sun had already been risen.After the earthquake, few houses remained.误:After the earthquake, few houses were remained.第四,一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态,如:take place, break out, belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to等。
如:The fire broke out in the capital building.误:The fire was broke out in the capital building.第五,宾语是反身代词,相互代词,同源宾语,不定式,v-ing形式及抽象名词等,不能变为被动句子的主语,如:I taught myself English.误:Myself was taught English.We love each other.误:Each other is loved.第六、有些动词既是及物又是不及物,当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时,表示主语内在品质或性能,是不及物动词,用主动表示被动,这时不用被动语态,常见的有:write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。