当前位置：文档之家 › 定语从句3

定语从句3

  • 格式：ppt
  • 大小：364.50 KB
  • 文档页数：34

下载文档原格式

  / 34

合集下载

定语从句(3)从句的本质

定语从句(3)从句的本质

定语从句（3）从句的本质从句的本质是：句子作成分/词类在简单句中，成分都是由单词或短语充当的：I know you.主语是I ；谓语是know ；宾语是youI enjoy reading novels.主语是I ；谓语是know ；宾语是reading novels（动宾短语）I know he is ill.主语是I ；谓语是know ；宾语是he is ill（句子）我们可以看出：最后的句子He is ill 是作了句子成分的，作宾语，因此可以叫它为“宾语从句”从另一个角度来说：这个句子相当于一个名词，因此可以叫做“名词性从句”That she finished reading an English novel surprised us all.上面的句子当中，句子She finished reading an English novel作了主语，因此叫“主语从句”，也相当于名词，还可以叫做“名词性从句”She finished reading an Englishnovel yesterday. She finished reading an Englishnovel at the age of 12.She finished reading an Englishnovel when she was 12.从上面的变化情况我们可以看出，从单词作成分，短语作成分到句子作成分，作的都是状语，因此从句叫“状语从句”，或叫“副词性从句”。

The little girl finished reading an English novel. The girl in school uniform finished reading an English novel.The girl who is 12 finished reading an English novel.从上面的变化情况我们可以看出，从单词作成分，短语作成分到句子作成分，作的都是定语，因此从句叫“定语从句”，或叫“形容词性从句”。

定语从句3

定语从句3
B. The gas _w_i_th_o_u__t which we can not live is called oxygen. (We can not live without the gas.)
Fill in the blanks using “prep+whom/which”. 1. The book _o_f/_a_b_o_u_t_w__h_ic_h_ I heard
B. This is the tree _u_n_d_e_r_ which we used to play games.
3. Find out the meaning of the clause.
A. The pen _w_i_th_ which he is writing now was bought yesterday. (He is writing with the pen.)
in the rush hour.
A. which
B. in which
C. for which
D. of which
5. His glasses, _____ he could see nothing,
was taken away by a naughty boy.
A. which
B. without which
6. The gun _w_i_th__w__h_ic_h_ he was shot was never found.
Review
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句, 关 系代词只能用which和whom, 且不能省 略。介词主要根据三个方面来选择: 一 是先行词与介词的搭配; 二是定语从句 中谓语动词或形容词与介词的搭配; 三 是根据 “介词+关系代词” 在从句中的 作用及意义。

高一英语定语从句3

高一英语定语从句3

三、as 引导的定语从句
1.as 引导限制性定语从句，主要用于 the same…as, such…as, as…as 结构中。 一般代表主句中的人和物， 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。
He has as many English books as I have. Don’t trust such men as praise you to your face.
二、关系副词功能表
关系副词 被代替的先行 词
表时间的名词
在从句中的作 用
时间状语
when(at ， in ， on,during, which) where(in, on, at which) why(for which)
表地点场合等 名词 reason
地点状语
原因状语
关系副词引导的定语从句
1.This
※名词way 后可以跟in which/that/how引导的 从句，当the way in which/that 作一个整体时， 说明动词是方式状语从句，如果the way 在句中起名词作用， 后面由in which/that 引导的从句则是定语从句. Please write the way (that) I do. =Please write in the way (that) I do. This is the way (that/which) he told me.
is the room where (in which) I lived three years ago. 2.I still remember the day when (on which) I joined the Party. 3.The reason why (for which) missed the bus was that he got up late.

定语从句(3)

定语从句(3)

第二部分 专题九
第2页
高考一轮总复习 ·英语
学习目标
理解定语从句，先行词，关系词
第
1 学会选择关系词
步
学习重点
第
3
掌握如何正确选择关系词
步
第
2 学习难点
步
判断关系词在从句中做什么成分
介词+关系代词的用法
第二部分 专题九
第3页
高考一轮总复习 ·英语
展示任务
1. 定语从句的相关概念（定语从句 先行词 关系词 ）
第
1 2. 什么情况下只能用关系词that? 什么情况下只能用which？
步
3. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，怎么选择介词和 第
关系代词
3 步
第 4. Which 和 as 引导定语从句的区别
2
步 5. 以 way 和 time 为先行词的定语从句。
6. 高考应用与策略
7. 高考演练
8. 课堂小结
第二部分 专题九
第17页
高考一轮总复习 ·英语
第
1 步
考点三 “介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
1．若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用 whom，第
3
指物时常用 which。另外，whose 也可以放在介词后，即“介 步
第 2
词＋whose＋名词”结构。
步
第二部分 专题九
第18页
高考一轮总复习 ·英语
步
第 2
2．当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，即使先行词是表示时
步
间、地点和原因的词仍用 which/that 引导定语从句。
第二部分 专题九
第14页
高考一轮总复习 ·英语

定语从句的三要素口诀

定语从句的三要素口诀

定语从句的三要素口诀定语从句，哎呀，听起来有点复杂，其实它并不难掌握哦。

只要你记住三个要素，就能轻松搞定。

那这三个要素是什么呢？快跟我一起来看看吧！1. 定语从句的基本概念1.1 定义定语从句就是用来修饰名词的从句，简单来说，就是给名词“加点料”。

就像你做菜时加点调料一样，它让句子更加丰富、具体。

比如，“The book that I bought yesterday is interesting.” 这句中的“that I bought yesterday”就是定语从句，它给“book”加了个特别的描述。

1.2 功能定语从句的主要功能就是对名词进行详细说明。

就像你介绍朋友时，不仅说他们的名字，还会提到他们的特点一样。

通过定语从句，你可以让听者对名词有更清楚的了解。

2. 定语从句的三要素要搞定定语从句，你得抓住三个关键点。

听好了，这可是核心要素哦！2.1 关系词关系词就是把定语从句和主句连接起来的“桥梁”。

常见的关系词有“who”、“which”、“that”等。

比如，“The girl who is singing is my sister.” 这里的“who”就是关系词，它把“is singing”这个信息传递给“girl”。

2.2 先行词先行词是定语从句修饰的对象，简单来说，就是“定语从句要给谁加料”。

比如在句子“The car that I want to buy is too expensive.”中，“car”就是先行词。

你可以理解为，定语从句是为了给先行词提供更多信息。

2.3 定语从句的内容内容部分就是定语从句的核心，包含了关于先行词的具体信息。

这部分描述了先行词的特征或动作，比如“who is singing”就是对“girl”的详细描述。

这是定语从句的“主菜”，要把重点放在这部分哦！3. 例子分析好了，现在我们来看看一些例子，把理论变成实际操作，确保你能掌握得更牢靠！3.1 短句子练习1. “I have a friend who lives in New York.”关系词：who先行词：friend内容：lives in New York。

定语从句三要素

定语从句三要素

定语从句三要素1.先行词；2.引导词；3.引导词再从句中的成分。

定语从句（也称关系从句、形容词性从句），是指一类由关系词引导的从句，因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语，所以曾被称为定语从句，这类从句除了可以做定语之外，还可以充当状语等其它成分。

1.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词①指人的先行词②指物的先行词先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。

He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us.(which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词2.关系词：引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用①替代前面的先行词（替代作用）②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用）(2)关系词的分类①标准：根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类②关系代词：在从句中做主，宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）③关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)3.定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子1.限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。

He is a teacher who works at our school.2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较：He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons)。

定语从句 3


He lives in a house whose windows open to the
south. 他住在一所窗户朝南的房子里。
指物
把两句话合成一句话
That is the new machine. The parts of it are too small to see.
That’s the machine whose parts are too small to see. whose 指人的或物的，在从句中作定语。
THANK.
翻译下面句子并找出先行词与定语从句。
1. This is the woman whose name is known all over the country.
(这个是一个名字被整个国家所熟知的女科学家.）
2. He lives in a room whose window faces north.
Laoshe.
简借了老舍写的那本书。
主语
找一找下列句子中的关系词、识别其在定语从句中所作成分。
⑤ We weren’t playing on the court which was next to our
buliding. 我们没有在紧挨着我们住所的球场上打球。 主语 ⑥ Tyrone Bogues, a guy who played for the Charlotte Hornets.
定语
包是新的那个女孩叫安。
三、练习题：
1、翻译下面句子并找出先行 词与定语从句
1. shelter 避难所 2. survivor 幸存者 3. destroy 破坏； 4. canal 运河 5. dialect 方言 6. crack 裂缝 7. kilometre 千米

定语从句语法解析(三)

定语从句语法解析（三）五、紧缩的定语从句1. 关于“介词+关系代词+不定式”该结构主要用于正式文体中，相当于一个被紧缩的定语从句：She must have time in which to grow calm. 她必须有冷静下来时的时间。

Allow me one minute in which to change my clothes. 给我一点时间换衣服。

He was miserable unless he had neighbors with whom to quarrel. 他要是没有邻居吵架就难受。

注意，该结构中的介词不能没有，也不能位于不定式后面：在那儿孩子们有个玩耍的花园。

正：There the children had a garden in which to play. (很正式)正：There the children had a garden in which they could play. (较正式)正：There the children had a garden to play in. (较口语化)误：There the children had a garden which to play in.2. 将定语从句转化为分词短语有时为了简洁起见可将定语从句转化为分词短语作定语：Who’s the girl who is sitting beside Jim? / Who’s the girl sitting beside Jim? 坐在吉姆旁边的女孩是谁？Most of the people who were invited to the party were teachers. / Most of the people invited to the party were teachers. 应邀参加晚会大多数是教师。

Anyone who touches that wire will get a shock. / Anyone touching that wire will get ashock.任何人触到那根电线都会遭到电击。

定语从句复习3--非限制性定语从句及从句的运用


第二步，从两个分句中确定一个作 主句。其原则是看哪个句子 能起概括作用，且合成定语从句后符合英语习惯和语法要求
(1) The woman is over there. You met her in the street. (2) I often go to the factory. My father once worked in it. (3) The time is mentioned in the letter. He was a slave at that time. (4). The reason is known to us . He was late for this reason. (5) He gave me a book as a gift. Its cover was red.
• Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college.
她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。
. All the books that have pictures in them are well written.
例3 那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘 出它的美丽。(It…)（2003） It’s very hard for those
________________________________ to describe who haven’t been to the small village its beauty.
(5) He gave me a book as a gift. whose cover was red. He gave me a book whose cover was red as a gift.

英语的定语从句总结

英语的定语从句总结英语的定语从句总结所谓定语从句，就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。

下面是小编分享给大家的英语的定语从句总结，希望对大家有帮助。

英语的定语从句总结1一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、由who, whom, that，Whose引导的从句这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who作主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略)，可以指人也可以指物。

Whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。

(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。

(whom/that在从句中作宾语)(3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师(4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。

2、由which, that引导的从句它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，作宾语时可以省略，例如：(1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。

(which / that在从句中作主语)(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那个包裹快要散开了。

(which / that在从句中作宾语)注意：代表物时多用which，但在下列情况中用that而不用which：a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时;b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时，这时的that常被省略;c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;d)先行词中既有人又有物时;e)整个句中前面已有which，who,that时;f)当先行词为物并作表语时;g)先行词为one时;h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时;二、关系副词引导的定语从句1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用I still remember the day when I first came to the school.2、where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语 Shanghai is the city where I was born.3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语，用在reason 后面。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

The supermarket which/that was opened last week is a very modern one.
• 在定语从句中能作宾语的关系代词有 who,whom,which,that其中who, whom用于指人 which用于指物that既可指人也可指物。
– 如: The suit which/that the tailor made for me doesn‟t fit me. The man whom/that I beat in the tennis game was my father.
• (10)习惯用法中that 可以用作关系副词代替(in, .on, for) which及 when where, why, 而且that可 省略 The way that (in which) you look at problem is wrong. I never forget the day (when, that, on which) I went to school 20years ago. Do you know anywhere (that, where) I can get a drink? I „d like to know the reason (that, why, for which) you won‟t come.
定语从句
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句， 它的作用相当于一个形容词。 定语从句通常位于它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种 名词或代词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词为关系 代词或关系副词。 关系代词在定语从句中可作主语、宾语和定语；关系 副词在定语从句中只作状语。
• 1、先行词 注意被定语从句所修饰的先行词的 特点，即是人还是物，以及将要在定语从句中 所充当的成分。
• n 只用that不用which的情况： （1）先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 如:The first place that we visited was the Great Wall. This is the best film that has ever been made. （2）先行词前有only,few,little,right,any,all, one等修饰时 The only furniture (that) he had in the room was a chair and a small desk. There is little time that we can use. (3) 先行词是不定代词some, all, anything,little,much,something,everything,noth ing,none等时 That is all (that) I want to say. Is there anything (that) I can do for you?
n
在定语从句中作方式状语的关 系 副 词 常 被 省 略 如 :
• This is the way (how) he worked out the problem.
n 介词如果在定语从句的句 首时,作宾语的关系代词只能用 whom, which且不可省略
如: The man with whom you shook hands just now is the head of our department. =The man whom you shook hands with just now is the head of our department. This is the book to which I referred in my talk. =This is the book (which) I referred to in my talk.
– 如： The student who answered the question was my friend. (先行词是student在定语从句中充当主语) The girl you met just now is my sister. (先行词是girl 在定语从句中作宾语)
• 2.关系代词、关系副词
• (11)当先行词前有the same修饰时或当先 行词和关系代词指同一人或物时 This is the same man that /who I told you about. • This is the book that I bought yesterday.
• 只用who的情况。 (1)先行词为those指人 Those who want to go there raise your hands. (2)there be (live)结构中先行词指人 There is a young man outside who asks for you. There lived a king who was kind to his people. (3)先行词为指人的不定代词one,anyone,no one, all, nobody, any body, none等 Anyone who broke the window would be punished. We should learn from the one who benefits us.
• n 非限制性定语从句和先行词关系不 紧密用逗号和主句分开,另译作一句,作为 一种补充说明即使去掉从句，主句的意 思仍然清楚而限制性定语从句和先行词 关系紧密从句不能去掉,如果去掉意思就 不清楚且主句和从句之间无逗号一般译 在先行词前面。
• n 除that不可以引导非限制性定语从句外其 他关系代词和关系副词均可引导非限制性定语 从句。
• n 选用关系副词不能光看先行词是否 是表示时间，地点和原因的名词，而必 须分析从句谓语动词与先行词之间的逻 辑关系。如果关系词在从句中作主语或 宾语则他仍须用关系代词which或that
• 如： We will never forget the day, which we spent together. I like to take my vacation in the mountain, which is quiet and beautiful. That is the reason, which he gave us for his action.
• n
只用which不用that的情况：
– （1）引导非限制性定语从句时 Bamboo is hollow，which makes it very light （2）当关系代词前有介词时 The room in which my family live used to be a garage （3）当先行词本身为that时 ：That which you told him about is what we want to know你告诉他的正是 我们想知道的
– All the books，which have pictures have been sent to them. He has a brother who is a doctor.他有一个当医生的 兄弟。（也许不止一个兄弟） He has a brother ,who is a doctor.他有个兄弟，他是 一个医生。
•
在定语从句中能作定语的关系代词有whose或 theபைடு நூலகம்+名词+of+which
– 如: He lives in the room whose door is green. =He lives in the room the door of which is green. The girl whose father is a teacher studies very well. =The girl the father of whom is a teacher studies very well.
• n as 引导限制性定语从句时,先行词常 用such和same修饰,as在从句中不省略如:
– He used such expressions as he could find n the tests. They stayed for the night in the same room as they had once rented.
• n 定语从句修饰of前面的词还是of后面的词, 要看of前面的词是否有定冠词修饰。 • 如: Tom is one of the boys who were late this morning. (汤姆是所有早上迟到的男孩中的一 员) Tom is the only one of the boys who was late this morning. ( 汤姆是所有男孩中早上迟到的 唯一个)
• n which在所引导的非限制性定语从句，有 时可以修饰整个主句即代替主句的意义。
– The examination has been put off，which is what we want.考试被推迟了，这正是我们希望的。 – Mary was late again ,which made her teacher angry. 玛丽又迟到了，这使她的老师非常生气。
– 4.The reason _______I have not done my homework is there are too many difficult points.
Exercises:
– 1. There are 102 elements(化学元素) found in nature,_________are metals 2. The house ______roof was damaged has now been repaired. 3. I have never been to Rome but that‟s the city I‟d most like to visit.