定语从句3 (2)
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定语从句(3)从句的本质从句的本质是:句子作成分/词类在简单句中,成分都是由单词或短语充当的:I know you.主语是I ;谓语是know ;宾语是youI enjoy reading novels.主语是I ;谓语是know ;宾语是reading novels(动宾短语)I know he is ill.主语是I ;谓语是know ;宾语是he is ill(句子)我们可以看出:最后的句子He is ill 是作了句子成分的,作宾语,因此可以叫它为“宾语从句”从另一个角度来说:这个句子相当于一个名词,因此可以叫做“名词性从句”That she finished reading an English novel surprised us all.上面的句子当中,句子She finished reading an English novel作了主语,因此叫“主语从句”,也相当于名词,还可以叫做“名词性从句”She finished reading an Englishnovel yesterday. She finished reading an Englishnovel at the age of 12.She finished reading an Englishnovel when she was 12.从上面的变化情况我们可以看出,从单词作成分,短语作成分到句子作成分,作的都是状语,因此从句叫“状语从句”,或叫“副词性从句”。
The little girl finished reading an English novel. The girl in school uniform finished reading an English novel.The girl who is 12 finished reading an English novel.从上面的变化情况我们可以看出,从单词作成分,短语作成分到句子作成分,作的都是定语,因此从句叫“定语从句”,或叫“形容词性从句”。
英语定语从句的用法在英语中有很多种句式,今天让大家一起了解英语中定语从句的用法、接下来小编在这里给大家带来英语定语从句的用法,我们一起来看看吧!英语定语从句的用法定语从句由关系代词who、whom、whose、which、what、as 和关系副词where、when、why等引导,但须记住:1.what不能引导定语从句.2.关系词的分析须考虑它在定语从句中的成分。
一.指人的关系代词有who、whose、whom、that. 试分析:The old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist.Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing .The man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmaster.(=The man who/whom that my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster.)注:A. 指人时有时只用who不宜用that。
1.先行词为one、ones或anyone(1)The comrade I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works hard.(2)Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.2.先行词为these时These who are going to Beijing are the best students of our school.3.在there be 开头的句子中There is a student who wants to see you.4.一个句子中带有两个定语从句,其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that,另一个宜用who,以免重复。
定语从句用法定语从句是英语中常用的修饰句子成分的一种从句。
它通过引导词来连接主句和从句,一般用来修饰名词或代词,起到进一步说明、限定或描述的作用。
定语从句在英语中非常常见,并且灵活运用它可以提高语言表达的准确性和流畅性。
本文将介绍定语从句的基本用法以及注意事项,并通过例句加以说明。
一、定语从句的基本结构定语从句的基本结构是:关系代词/关系副词 + 句子。
关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that等;关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或所有格,关系副词在定语从句中充当地点状语、时间状语或原因状语。
例句1:I have a friend who teaches English in a university.例句2:The book that you lent me is very interesting.例句3:This is the reason why he failed the exam.二、定语从句的引导词选择1. 关系代词的选择(1)指人:who, whom, whose, that(2)指物:which, that(3)指人或物:who, whom, whose, which, that2. 关系副词的选择(1)地点:where(2)时间:when(3)原因:why三、定语从句的位置定语从句通常紧跟被修饰的名词或代词,但也可以放在其他位置,以使句子更连贯流畅。
例句4:The boy who is wearing a red shirt is my brother.例句5:The movie, which was directed by Steven Spielberg, won several awards.四、定语从句的省略1. 关系代词的省略当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语且在从句中不作成分时,可以省略。
例句6:Is there anyone (that/who) wants to join the party?2. be动词的省略当主句和从句中有相同的be动词时,从句中的be动词可以省略。
定语从句的用法定语从句,一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,所以叫做定语从句。
在主句中充当定语成分。
那么你知道定语从句的用法吗?下面跟着店铺一起来学习一下,希望对大家的学习有所帮助!一、基本概念:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
如:Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now?That is the house where he lived ten years ago.定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词;定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导,关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作从句中的一个成分。
引导定语从句的关系代词有:that, who, whom, whose, which;关系副词有:when, where, why.二、关系词的用法:(一)关系代词的用法:1. 作主语用who, which和that, 如:He is the man who/that lives next door.The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen.2. 作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如:The man (whom/who/that) we have just seen is a famous writer.Where is the book (which/that) I bought last week?注:在非正式文体中,用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略,但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略;用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略,但在正式文体中一般不省略。
3. 作定语用whose, 如:(a) He is the man whose car was stolen last week.(b) It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize atthat time.注:“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语(如上a句),又能作宾语(如上b句)。
2023届高考英语定语从句(通用3篇)2023届高考英语定语从句篇1语法复习四:定语从句(一)定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导1、关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that, as2、关系副词:when, where, why关系代词和关系副词必需位于从句之首,主句先行词之后,起着连接先行词和从句的作用,同时在从句中又充当句子成分。
e.g. she is the girl who sings best of all.(关系代词who在从句中作主语)the comrade with whom i came knows french.(whom在从句中作介词with的宾语)3、关系代词和关系副词的用法:1)当先行词为人时用who 作主语,whom 作宾语;2)当先行词为物或整个句子时用which ,可作主语或宾语;3)先行词为人、物时用that ,可作主语或宾语;4)whose用作定语,可指人或物;5)关系副词when(指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语,where(指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语),why(指缘由,在定语从句中作缘由状语)。
(二)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1、限制性定语从句:从句与主句关系亲密,去掉从句,主句意义不完整,甚至不合规律。
e.g. i was the only person in our office who was invited.(去掉定语从句,意思就不完整)2、非限制性定语从句:从句对先行词关系不亲密,去掉定从句,意思仍旧完整。
形式上用逗号隔开,不能that用引导。
e.g. tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.(who引导非限制性定语从句,整个句子可分成两句来翻译)(三)使用定语从句时特殊留意的几个问题1、that与which的区分。
1)用that而不用 which的状况:①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, …;②先行词有最高级修饰,有序数词修饰;③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰;④先行词既有人又有物时。
高中英语语法知识总结:定语从句下面就是小编给大家带来的高中英语语法知识总结:定语从句,希望能帮助到大家!高中英语语法知识总结:定语从句易错点1 关系代词与关系副词的混用1.定语从句相当于一个形容词,起定词作用,修饰名词或代词2.定语从句的引导词的三种功用:( 1)引导定语从句(2)替代先行词(3)在定语从句中充当一定的成分。
3.解题要领:根据定语从句中所缺成分来确定是用关系代词还是关系副词,决不要因先行词是时间名词就用when,是地点名词就用where。
易错点2 关系代词who、whom、whose的误用对于定语从句关系词的考查,首先要确定从句是什么类型的从句,然后再分析关系词在从句中的成分,最后选择正确的词。
要求考生具有一定的句子分析能力,和理解能力。
如果缺少主宾表,要用that或which,缺少状语用关系副词when,where,why,缺少定语用whose。
易错点3 关系代词that和which的误用只用which,不能用that的情况(1) 在介词提前到关系代词之前形成"介词+关系代词"结构来修饰表事物的先行词时,关系代词必须用which.如:☞The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。
这就是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。
注意:如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首,which就可换为that,如:☞This is the question which/that we’ve had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion. 这就是我们已经多次讨论过的问题。
(2) 先行词为"those+表事物的复数名词"时,关系代词通常只用which而不用that。
如:☞Students should keep in mind those regulations which restrict their behavior.学生应牢记那些规范自己的行为准则。
中考语法:定语从句的用法归纳定语从句Attributive ClauseI本章要点看一看这些名言警句中所运用的定语从句➢He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.从不犯错误的人一事无成。
➢He is the best general who makes the fewest mistakes. ─Hamilton.最厉害的将军错误犯得最少。
➢He that travels far knows much.II定语从句语法点分述一、基本要素1.概念:如果由一个句子来充当一个词的定语,那么这个句子就被叫做定语从句2.先行词:被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词3.关系词(关系代词或者副词):引导定语从句➢He is the best general who makes the fewest mistakes.1.定语从句:_____________________________________2.先行词:_____________________________________3.关系词:_____________________________________♥Attention♥如何选择关系代词?关系代词的作用是什么?二、关系代词1.定语从句关系代词:★小试身手★1)This is the man who helped me yesterday.⇨who在定语从句中作_________2)The teacher (who/whom/that) you want to see is coming.⇨who在定语从句中作_________3)I met a boy whose father was an astronaut.⇨whose在定语从句中作_________4)Here is the coat which/that will be made for you.⇨which在定语从句中作_________5)This is the factory (which/that) we visited last year.⇨which在定语从句中作_________6)He has a book whose cover (=the cover of which) is very beautiful.⇨whose在定语从句中作_________2.关系代词的作用1)________________________________________2)________________________________________3)________________________________________★小试身手★(1)用关系代词who,whom,that或whose填空。
定语从句知识点详解(初中英语专项复习)Mr. Brown is a teacher __________ is strict with all is students.A. whichB. whoC. where【参考答案】B【试题解析】句意"布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师"。
本题考查定语从句。
A.指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;B.指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;C.表示地方,在从句中作地点状语。
本句话中先行词为a teacher,指人,在从句中作主语,故选B。
做定语从句的题时,可先将先行词还原到句中。
其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。
二要看从句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断。
一、关系代词关系代词有六个,听我逐一来说破;which表物人用who,人物都有that顾;which用在逗号后,意表前句你要know;who作主语很称职,whom用到宾语里。
二、that用法that用法真有趣,两个地方它不去;逗号后边它不去,介词之后不考虑。
三、that和which的区别that which代表物,区别听我来叙述;先行若是不定代,that就把which踹;先行词前有两数,就用that定无误;先行词前最高级,还用that必无疑;句中若有there be,that应把which替;先行主中作表语,避免重复从句里;just,the only,very,same,last其后也要用that。
四、指人的关系代词指人可用that, who,以下情况多用who;those people作先行,there be的结构中;先行指人不定代,从中作主who要在;两个定从一起来,不要重复你有才。
五、whose的用法定从之中少定语,whose为你唱一曲;whose指人又指物,所属关系要记住。
六、as和which的区别as/which在句末,若有否定as错;句首只能用as,还有认知猜想词;固定结构用as, the same/such/so/as;so/such...that宾不离,so/such...as...宾要弃。