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第三讲定语从句定语从句必备知识1．定语从句在复合句中，修饰名词、代词或整个句子的从句叫作定语从句。
定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。
(定语从句作后置定语)2．先行词被定语从句所修饰的词或句子叫先行词，作先行词的可以是：(1)一个词(通常是名词，也可以是代词)This is the place which is worth visiting.这是值得参观的地方。
He laughs best who laughs last.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。
(2)一个短语Many life's problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve.许多以前可以通过询问家庭成员、朋友或者同事就能解决的生活问题，是现在的大家庭无力解决的。
(3)一个分句The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people have realized how diverse languages could be.希腊人认为，语言结构和思维过程之间存在着某种联系。
这一观点在人们尚未认识到语言的千差万别以前就早已在欧洲扎下了根。
(4)一个完整的句子I found an old man lying on the ground and I took him to hospital in a taxi immediately, which was why I was late that morning.我发现一个老人躺在马路上，我立即乘出租车把他送到了医院，这就是那天上午我迟到的原因。
三大从句补测1.Such a film ___________ was shown in the cinema yesterday is not suitable forchildren.2.Because of the financial crisis, days are gone ___________ local 5-star hotelscharged 6,000 yuan for one night.3.Always give your best in things your set out to do, ________ difficult that mightbe.4._________ students always make the same mistakes is a problem that troubles theteacher a lot.5.We will never give in, ___________ they might do or say about our plan.6.Was it in 1969 ___________ the American astronaut succeeded in landing on themoon?cking in the spirit of innovation, the small island country remains ________ itwas 5 years ago.8.Many young people, most of ___________ were well-educated, headed for remoteregions to chase their dreams.9.Give me a chance, ___________ I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.10.If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to otherpeople ___________ you figure it out.11.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ___________ purposesis to relieve worldwide starvation.12.It still remains to be seen _________ the unrest in the Jewish community will settledown soon.13.Life is a match _________ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.14.We must bear in mind when we surf the Internet or talk on the phone ________ weare enjoying the fruits of man's wisdom．15.This country’s food price in 2022 was twice _________ it was in 2020.16._________ is known to us all that the old worker still works hard in his seventies.17.The study explores the possibility _________ dieting is bad for health.18.The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work_________ a good impression is a must.19.He sent me an e-mail _________ he explained in detail what had happened duringthat weekend.20.Some factories are being built in _________ was a school21.Do you still remember the farmer in _________ farmland you worked during thesummer holiday?22._________ we are scientists, lawyers, doctors, consultants, clerks or butchers, weall make our respective contributions.23.As you go through your daily life, you will encounter many difficult situations_________things may go wrong.24.Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century _________ hismusical gift was fully recognized.25.She must have the operation, ________ she would die.26.He spent so many unforgettable days with them _________ he was unwilling topart with them.27.After _______ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the manager's office.28.Tsunami is so terrible that it always causes great losses, _________has happenedin some countries.29.Determination is a kind of basic quality and this is ______ it takes to do anythingwell.30.There are some cases _________ students obviously know the school rules butdon’t obey them.31.Having checked the machines were turned off and _________ all the tools wereput away, the worker locked the door.32.We have received the information __________ Grant may have left the country.33.The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point ________ he canwalk steadily.34.People have lots of problems living in the central Australian desert, _________which the lack of water is the most serious one.35.Scientists say it may be five or six years ________ it is possible to test this medicineon human patients.。
初三英语定语从句的复习资料The document was prepared on January 2, 2021初三系列复习资料（10）定语从句的考点集汇，讲解和训练十、定语从句【考点扫描】中考对定语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：1．定语从句的功用和结构2．关系代词和关系副词的功用3．各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。
阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到定语从句。
【名师精讲】一. 定语从句的功用和结构在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。
定语从句必须放在先行词之后。
引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。
例如：This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.Do you know everybody who came to the party?I still remember the night when I first came to the village?This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.二. 关系代词和关系副词的功用关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。
关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。
关系待客做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词可作状语。
1. 作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。
例如：I don’t like people who talk much but do little.The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.2. 作宾语：She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.The book that my grandmother gave me is called “The Great Escape”.3. 作定语关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。
定语从句复习考点与难点归纳：1.关系代词与关系副词;2. 只用that与不用that;考点 3.对the way的考查; 4.介词+关系词; 5.as的使用难点 6.对where的考查7.综合考查用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句一、基础知识回顾：指出下列句中的先行词，关系词1. The teachers who are present at our class are all experienced teachers.2. Our class is a big family which consists of 12 girls and 50 boys.3. Yao Hui is the boy whose English study is very good in our class.4. The school where we are studying is very famous.5. As we all know, our school is 50 years old.关系词的作用：1：连接先行词与从句；2：替代先行词在从句中的位置；3：充当从句的成分***判断关系词在定语从句中做什么成分？1.The man who/that came to our school is Mr. Wang.2.The girl (whom/that/who) I met is Lucy.3. He lives in the room whose door/the door of which is green.4.I like the person to whom you just talked.5. Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.7. We shall never forget the days when we lived together.8.This is the house where he lived last year.9. Can you tell me the reason why you are late for school.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man _________lost his way.(3)Children_________ eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth.(4) Mr. Liu is the person ____________________you talked about on the bus.(5) Mr. Ling is just the boy _____________________ I want to see.(6) Football is a game____________ is liked by most boys.(7) This is the pen ________ he bought yesterday.***Whose 既可以指人，又可指物，在定语从句中做定语,表示“……人的”“……物的”(1) The room _______ window faces south is mine.窗户朝南的那个房间是我的。
专题三三大从句和特殊句式其次讲定语从句Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2024·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings，Beijing is also a place which/that welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life，with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.解析：考查定语从句。
句中先行词为“a place”，空处关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。
故填which/that。
2．(2024·全国甲卷)There was once a town in the heart of America， where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings.解析：考查定语从句。
句中先行词为town，空处关系词在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。
故填where。
3．(2024·全国甲卷) Fables(寓言) were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop's fables date to the sixth century, B．C． Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, as Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”解析：考查定语从句。
关系词引导非限制性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as。
定语从句复习“三步法”定位作者：张荣建来源：《中学课程辅导高考版·学生版》2010年第03期众所周知,定语从句的学习一直贯穿于高中英语教学之中,其重要性不言而喻。
但因其纷繁的要点,学生一直觉得难以把握。
为此,笔者将从以下几个关系对之进行梳理,来帮助同学们更好地掌握其要点。
一、概念定位法首先,定语从句与其它从句最明显的区别就是其紧接在某一名词或代词(语法上称之为先行词)之后,从而对之进行修饰和限制。
略举几例作一比较:The students who take a gap year are easy to get appreciated by the employers. (定语从句)They put forward problems that they think necessary to solve. (定语从句)No one knows what they can do to escape from the disaster. (宾语从句)Th is is where they don’t agree. (表语从句)注意:同位语从句也是位于名词之后,但只起解释说明作用,并且没有句式成份上的关联。
如: The problem that they can’t finish the task in time worries all the engineers.其次,定语从句有两种类型,那就是限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
从概念上讲,限制性定语从句主要是对所修饰的先行词进行限制,不可缺少,而非限制性定语从句则对先行词加以补充说明,可有可无。
从形式上讲,限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区分就是一个逗号。
从意义上讲,限制性定语从句所修饰的先行词是特指,而非限制性定从句所修饰的先行词在意义上无歧义。
如:Lincoln’s mother, who loved him very much, died in 1818. (非限制性定语从句)The teacher who always wears smart clothes is our English teacher. (限制性定语从句)二、成份功能定位法运用句式成份分析可能对定语从句的第二要素的定位起着至关重要的作用。
第五章定语从句He is a man who/that means what he says.他是一个说话算数的人。
The people who/that you met in thecampus yesterday are from England.Is there anyone in your department whose father is a painter?The young man with whom I travelled could speak English.The book which /that you are reading is written by a novelist.★1.This is the room ABC I cleaned just now.This is the room D I stayed just now.A thatB whichC /D where2.I’ll remember the day ABC we spent together.I’ll remember the day D we danced together.A thatB whichC /D when3.This is Mr.smith A teaches English in our school.This is Mr.smith with B we often playbasketball after school.This is Mr.smith C daughter studies in our class.This is our school C teachers are kind and friendly.A whoB whomC whoseD its一．定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的区别关系代词/关系副词：在先行词和定语从句中起连接作用的词，他们代表先行词，同时在从句中担任一定的句子成分.区别一：所指代先行词不同区别二：在句中所担任成分不同1.Is he the man who /that wants to see you?2.He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.3.Please pass me the book whose cover is green.4.The package that/which you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.5.Dong guan is the place where I was born.6.I’ll never forget the day when we first met each other.7.Do you know the reason why he left home early?8.This is the mountain village that/which I visited last year.9.I will show you the point where you fail.10.He had to face the conditions where pressure was heavy.11.I won’t forget the time that/which you have told me.12.There was a time when man ate things raw.（过去有个时期，人类吃生东西）13.She is looking forward to the day when her daughter wins the championship.14.The reason why he can not come is that he is ill.15.The reason that/which he told me is not true.方法一：看定语从句中的谓语动词，如果谓语动词是及物动词而且后面且无宾语必须用关系代词，而不及物动词用关系副词。
定语从句复习专题：一．Which/that用法：1.which一般指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
作宾语时一般可省略。
The package you are carrying is about to fall.2.that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时一般可省略。
指人时一般可用who代替，指物时一般可用which替代。
The number of people come to visit this city each year reaches one million.The chair you broke yesterday is now being repaired.Keys：which that/who that./which➢宜用that不用which的情况：(1)当先行词是all, much, anything, something, everything, nothing, little, none等不定代词时。
She told me everything she knew.(2)当先行词被all, no, few, any, little, some, much, last, only, very等修饰时。
I’ve read all the books were borrowed from others.Mr.Smith is the only foreigner she knows.(3)当先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰，或先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the most exciting football game I have ever seen.The first place they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.(4)当先行词既有人又有物时。
The foreign visitors spoke highly of the young pioneers and their performances they saw at the Children’s Palace.(5)当先行词在主句中做表语，且关系代词本身在定语从句中也做表语时。
初三定语从句讲解三、定语从句复习概要?1．在复合句(包括主句和从句)中，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句必须放在被修饰的词之后，被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
如：???Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables．住在我们隔壁的那个人是卖蔬菜的。
???YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo．你必须做我所做的一切。
?2．由that，which，who(whom)或表语。
通常which指事物，who指人(有所区别：???A.定语从句须用that引导的情况：???(1)先行词是all，much，little，构成的复合不定代词。
如：Allthatisworthdoingshouldbedonewell???ThereislittlemoneythatIcanspendonbooks感兴趣。
???(2)等词修饰时。
如：她唯一能做的事就是去求助于警察。
???(3)．化学教师上的第一课我们ThisisthefirsttripthatIhavemadeinmylife.这是我有生以来第一次出行。
???(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
如：ThemostdifficultproblemthatImetwithishowtogetenoughmoneytobuythesebooks.我遇到的最困难的问题就是怎样得到足够多的钱把这些书买下来。
ThisisthebestdictionarythatI’veeverbought.这是我所买的最好的字典。
Thisisthebiggestlabthatwehaveeverbuiltinourschool.这是我们学校已经兴建的最大的实验室。
(5)先行词同时包含人和事物时。
如：Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthethingsthatwerememberedintheschoolforhalfanhour.我们谈论了半小时我们所记得的学校里的人和事。
定语从句复习（三）
1.. We are living in an age_________ many things are done on computers.
A. which
B. that
C. whose
D. when
2. Alec asked the policeman _______ he worked to contact with him whenever there was an accident.
A. with him
B. who
C. with whom
D. whom
3. In India more than one hundred languages are spoken, __________ only 14 are recognized as official.
A. of whom
B. where
C. of which
D. all that
4. China has a lot of rivers, __________ the Changjiang River is the longest.
A. which
B. in which
C. among which
D. one of which
5. Jeanne was her old friend, _________ she borrowed a necklace.
A. from whom
B. from which
C. from who
D. to whom
6. He built a telescope ________ he could study the sky.
A. in which
B. through that
C. from which
D. through which
7. This is the very kinfe ________ I used to cut the apples.
A. that
B. with which
C. with that
D. with it
8. His glasses,__________ he was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.
A. that
B. which
C. without
D. without which
9. She doesn’t see the reason _______ he would not join them.
A. when
B. why
C. where
D. for that
10. This is just the room _________Lu Xun once lived.
A. in which
B. where
C. in that
D. both A and B
11. I don't think the number of people ________ this happens is very large.
A. whom
B. to whom
C. of whom
D. to which
12. There is a mountain ________the top is always covered with snow.
A. of which
B. of that
C. whose
D. to which
13. Henry set up a club for football fans, ________ he has invited all his friends.
A. to which
B. to whom
C. for whom
D. from whom
14. Mr Wang has three daughters,________, luckily for him, works as a doctor.
A. none of whom
B. one of whom
C. one of them
D. all of whom
15. They were given a lot of information, _______ was useless.
A. most of them
B.most of which
C. none of which
D. some of which
16. The day is far away _______ we will be able to heat our rooms with the sub’s energy.
A. when
B. in which
C. that
D. which
17. I took my friend to the Summer Palace, ______ we had some photos taken.
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. when
18. I’ll never forget the days ________ we spent in Beijing.
A. when
B. which
C. 不填
D.both B and C
19. we’ll never forget the days ________ we spent our honeymoon in Beijing.
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. where
20. Water boils at 100 °C , _________ temperature it changes into a gas.
A. which
B. that
C. at which
D. whose。
