人教版必修五第4讲:Unit2 The United Kingdom-语法篇(学生版)-word
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人教新课标版高二必修5重点提炼:Unit 2 The United Kingdom语法突破过去分词作宾补过去分词作宾补时,(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义,有时两者兼而有之。
作宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的承受者。
一、常见的过去分词作宾补的情况有:1.使役动词have,get,make,leave,keep 等后可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
She raised her voice to make herself heard by all the people in the hall.她提高了嗓音让大厅里的人都能听得见她说的话。
[点津]“have+宾语+过去分词”可以表示三种含义:(1)表示“让某人做某事”I have had my bike repaired.我让人修了我的自行车。
(2)表示“遭遇到某种不幸;受到打击”My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.上个月,我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。
(3)做完某事(主语可能参与其中)The villagers had many trees planted just then.就在那时,村民们种了许多树。
2.感官动词see,hear,notice,observe,watch,feel,find等后,可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now. 刚才我看到一位老人被车撞倒了。
When I came in,I found a strange girl seated in the corner.我进去时发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。
3.表示“意愿;命令”的动词,如like,want,wish,order 等可用过去分词作宾语补足语,相当于过去分词前省略了to be。
人教高二英语必修五unit2Unit2TheUnitedKingdom笔记整理unit 2a united class一个联合的班the United kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国the United Nations联合国consist vi. 在于;由…组成;相符consistent adj. 一致的;一连的;不矛盾的;坚定的consistence n. 稳固性,浓度; 一致性consist of 由... 组成be made up of 由... 组成be composed of 由... 组成consist in=lie in 在于consist with=be consistent with与…一致The club consists of 100 members.这个俱乐部由100名成员组成。
The club is made up of 100 members.这个俱乐部由100个成员组成。
The club is big,consisting of 100 members.这个俱乐部很大,由100名成员组成。
divide vt.& vi. 分;划分;分散;(使)产生破裂n. 分派;分水岭,分界限separate vt.& vi. 破裂;(使)分散;区分;隔开vt. 分散(混合物);分家;分类;割开vi. 分散;断裂;(夫妇)分家;断绝干系adj. 单独的;不同的;破裂的,分散的;不相关的n. 破裂的事物;[用复数](音响设备中的)独立件division n. 部门;破裂,破裂;[数]除法;[军]师divide...into/between/among 把…分成…separate...from 破裂divide sth in half=divide sth into haves 把某物分成两半The teacher divided our class into four groups. 老师把我们班分成四个小组。
Unit2 The United Kingdom-语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.学会过去分词作宾补的用法;2.理解作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系3.能够使用过去分词做宾补的情况作对相关题目,灵活使用。
过去分词作宾补作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系1.及物动词(短语)的过去分词用作宾语补足语时,宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语,宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。
例如:I want the letter posted. 我想把这封信寄出去。
2. 少数不及物动词如go,change,fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时,仅表示动作完成。
因此,宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。
例如:She found her necklace gone on her way home. 在回家的路上,她发现项链不见了。
3. 动词seat,hide,dress,lose,devote 等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示状语而不表示被动的意义,因此,虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关系,但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语。
例如:When I came in,I found a strange girl seated in the corner. 我进来时,发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。
需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况:1.使役动词get ,have ,make,keep,leave等后,可用过去分词做宾语补足语,表:“致使某人或某事被…”We should keep them informed of what is going on here.Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentist’s.2 .感官动词feel,find,hear,notice,see,watch等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后,表:“感受到某人或某事被做”。
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人教版高二英语必修5Unit2 The United Kingdom语法讲解
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过去分词作宾补
- 定义
作宾语补足语的过去分词一般用于及物动词和宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系的情况。
- 用法
1. 用过去分词作宾补的动词有:
(1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词:see, hear, watch, feel, think, find等。
如:
We found her greatly changed. 我们发现她变了很多。
(2) 表示致使的动词:make, get, have, help, leave等。
如:What made them so frightened? 什么使他们这样害怕?
(3) 表示希望,要求等的动词:like, want, wish, order等。
如:He wont like such questions discussed at the meeting. 他不想让这样的问题在会上讨论。
1。
Unit2 The United Kingdom-语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.学会过去分词作宾补的用法;2.理解作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系3.能够使用过去分词做宾补的情况作对相关题目,灵活使用。
过去分词作宾补作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系1.及物动词(短语)的过去分词用作宾语补足语时,宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语,宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。
例如:I want the letter posted. 我想把这封信寄出去。
2. 少数不及物动词如go,change,fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时,仅表示动作完成。
因此,宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。
例如:She found her necklace gone on her way home. 在回家的路上,她发现项链不见了。
3. 动词seat,hide,dress,lose,devote 等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示状语而不表示被动的意义,因此,虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关系,但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语。
例如:When I came in,I found a strange girl seated in the corner. 我进来时,发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。
需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况:1.使役动词get ,have ,make,keep,leave等后,可用过去分词做宾语补足语,表:“致使某人或某事被…”We should keep them informed of what is going on here.Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentist’s.2 .感官动词feel,find,hear,notice,see,watch等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后,表:“感受到某人或某事被做”。
高中英语学习材料***鼎尚图文理制作***过去分词作宾语补足语编稿:牛新阁审稿:王春霞概念引入上个单元我们学习了过去分词作表语和定语的用法。
现在我们继续学习过去分词作宾语补足语。
看这些句子:1. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.2. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the UnitedKingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful government.3. You find most of the population settled in the south.4. They found the window broken.5. ..., so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line.这些句子中的黑体部分都是过去分词作宾语补足语。
用法讲解宾语补足语是同学们学习英语的一个小难点,许多同学都弄不清到底什么是宾语补足语,它的作用是什么,所以我们今天就从宾语补足语讲起,重点讲解过去分词作宾语补足语的内容。
什么是宾语补足语英语中一些动词除需要一个宾语外,还需有宾语补足语句子意义才完整,这样就构成了英语的六种基本句型(见【补充】)中的“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型。
宾语与宾语补足语之间在逻辑上是主谓关系。
可作补足语的结构有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、过去分词、不定式等。
宾语和其宾语补足语也被称为复合结构。
1. 作补足语的词语:1)We consider him (to be) a good teacher. 我们认为他是一个好老师。
高中英语学习材料madeofjingetiejiUnit 2 The United Kingdom编稿:牛新阁审稿:王春霞目标认知重点词汇divide, clarify, accomplish, conflict, convenience, attract, influence, arrange, delight, 小词简析重点短语consist of, refer to,credit/ to one’s credit,break away (from), leave out, take the place of, break down重点句型find + n./ pro. +宾语补足语知识讲解重点词汇divide【原句回放】England can be divided into three main areas. 英国被分为三个主要地区。
【点拨】divide 分开,分配常用搭配:divide ... into... 把......分成......A line of trees divides the garden in half. 一行树把花园分隔成两半。
Divide this line into 20 equal parts.把这条线分成20个相等的部分。
Let’s divide ourselves into several groups. 我们分成几个小组吧。
【拓展】divide与separate1) divide指把一个整体分成几部分,通常按比例划分。
2)separate 指把原来结合在一起或混杂的东西分开,东西原来没有统一性,有时含有“强行分开”之意。
Divide the money among the six of you. 这笔钱你们六个人分。
We’d better separate the good ones from the bad ones. 我们最好把好的和坏的分开。
She doesn’t want to be separated from him. 她不想和他分开。
Unit2 The United Kingdom-语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.学会过去分词作宾补的用法;2.理解作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系3.能够使用过去分词做宾补的情况作对相关题目,灵活使用。
过去分词作宾补作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系1.及物动词(短语)的过去分词用作宾语补足语时,宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语,宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。
例如:I want the letter posted. 我想把这封信寄出去。
2. 少数不及物动词如go, change, fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时,仅表示动作完成。
因此,宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。
例如:She found her necklace gone on her way home. 在回家的路上,她发现项链不见了。
3. 动词seat, hide, dress, lose, devote 等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示状语而不表示被动的意义,因此,虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关系,但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语。
例如:When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the corner. 我进来时,发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。
需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况:1.使役动词get ,have ,make, keep,leave等后,可用过去分词做宾语补足语,表:“致使某人或某事被…”We should keep them informed of what is going on here.Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentist’s.2 .感官动词feel, find, hear, notice, see, watch等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后,表:“感受到某人或某事被做”。
I was sleeping when I heard my name called.He was disappointed to find his suggestions turned down.I saw him beaten by his mother.3. 表示“意欲;命令”的动词如:like ,order, want, wish,相当于过去分词短语前省略了to be, 表示“希望/要求某人或某事被做”I wish these letters (to be) typed as soon as possibleHe didn’t want such question discussed at the meeting.The father wants his daughter taught the piano.1感feel 1闻smell 1发现find2听hear, listen to,3情感want, wish, like4使役keep, leave, get, have, make4看watch, notice, see, look at, observe, catch +sth./sb. done4.有时过去分词作宾补可以变为被动语态,这时过去分词改作主语补足语,说明主语所处的状态。
The door was found broken.5.“with +宾语+过去分词”结构中,过去分词用作介词with 的宾语补足语。
这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。
例如:The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.凶手被带进来了,他的双手被绑在背后。
(表方式)With water heated, we can see the steam. 水一被加热,我们就会看到水蒸气。
(表条件)With the matter settled, we all went home.事情得到解决,我们都回家了。
(表原因)注意:在这一结构中,当宾语为某一身体部位,且作宾补的动词是及物动词时,身体部位通常是过去分词的逻辑宾语,因而过去分词不可换用现在分词。
She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face.她站在他面前,眼睛注视着他(fix one’s eyes on 为固定短语,因此,不可将句中fixed 换为fixing )He stood for an instant with his hand still raised.他仍然举着手站了一会儿。
用某些不及物动词的分词形式作身体部位的宾补时,用现在分词的形式。
She felt her heart beating fast. 她觉得心跳很快。
(beat 意为“心跳”,是不及物动词)掌握“使役动词have + 宾语+过去分词”的几种含义在“ have +宾语+过去分词”结构中,过去分词作宾语补足语,have 也可用get.这一结构具有以下几种含义:1.意为“主语请别人做某事”。
例如:He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.他明天想去检查眼睛。
(“检查”的动作由医生来进行)2. 意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情”。
例如:Be careful, or you'll have your hands hurt. 当心,否则会弄伤手的。
3. 意为“使完成某事”,事情既可以是别人做完,也可以由主语参与完成。
例如:He had the walls painted this morning. 他今早把墙漆了。
(主语自己可能参与)4. 过去分词与不定式,现在分词作宾补的区别:三者与宾语逻辑上都是主谓关系,但过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系,不定式强调动作发生的全过程,现在分词强调他们之间的主动关系,正在进行。
I saw her taken out of the classroom.I saw her come into the classroom.I saw her coming into the classroom.省略to的情况:1)情态动词( 除ought 外,ought to);2)使役动词let, have, make;3)感官动词see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补,省略to。
注意:在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。
I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance.The boss made them work the whole night.=They were made to work the whole night.1. Li Hua hopes that his English teacher will suggest a good way to have his English ________in a short period of time.A. improvedB. improvingC. to improveD. improve2. When the minister came to the snow-stricken area,he was happy to see the disaster victimswell________.A. take care ofB. took care ofC. taken care ofD. taking care of3. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues ________with her stories.A. amusedB. amusingC. to amuseD. to be amused4. The girl glanced over her shoulder and found herself ________by a young man in black.A. was followedB. followedC. followingD. had been followed5. Television has so many advantages. It keeps us ________about the ________news, and it also provides entertainment in the home.A. informed; latestB. to know; laterC. learning; laterD. to think; latest基础演练一、用所给词的适当形式填空1. The teacher will have Nancy ________(clean) the classroom today.2. When I came here, I saw him ________(read) an English book.3. The woman wanted her husband ________(examine) at once.4. I want him ________________(finish) the homework in time.5. Three famous parks in and around London had over 1,400 trees ________(blow) over.6. What he had said made me ________(surprise).7. The murderer was brought in, with his hands ______(tie) behind his back.8. I was wondering why they kept the door ________(lock) for such a long time.二、完成句子1. 学生们发现他们的老师们很忙。
(形容词作宾语补足语)The students ________________________________________.2. 我非常抱歉让你等了这么长时间。