语篇翻译

翻译综合练习I. 语篇翻译练习：1. I take heart [鼓起勇气（或信心），振作起来] from the fact that, the enemy, which boasts that it can occupy the strategic point (战略要地) in a couple of hours, has not yet been able to take even the outlying regions（边沿地区，外围地区）, because of the stiff（强烈的，猛烈地）resistance that gets in the way (阻挡).2. The people were there, and the land—the first dazed (使茫然) and bleeding and hungry, and when, winter came, shivering in their rags in the hovels（陋屋）which the bombings had made of their homes; the second a vast wasteland（废墟）of rubble（碎石，碎砖，破瓦）.II. 文学文体翻译练习：1．(散文) The Special Joys of Super-slow ReadingI took home a briefcase full of troubles. As I sat down on that hot and humid（湿的，湿气重的）evening, there seemed to be no solutions to the problems thrashing（翻来覆去）around in my brain. So I picked up a book, settled（停息，停留）into a comfortable chair and applied my own special therapy—super-slow reading.I spent three or four hours on two short chapters of Personal History by Vincent Sheean（维森特·谢安）—savoring（品尝，欣赏）each paragraph, lingering（逗留，徘徊）over a sentence, a phrase or even a single word, building a detailed mental picture of the scene. No longer was I in Sydney, Australia on a sticky（湿热的）heat wave night. Relishing（欣赏，玩味）every word, I joined foreign correspondent（记者）Sheean on a mission [使命，任务，（此处）专程访问] to China, and another to Russia. I lost myself in the author’s world. And when I put it down, my mind was totally refreshed (使精力恢复，使精神振作).Next morning, four words from the book—“take the long view”—were still in my mind. At my desk, I had a long-view look at my problems. Once more, super-slow reading had given me not only pleasure but perspective (正确观察事物相互关系的能力，眼力), and helped me in my everyday affairs.2.(小诗) Slowly（Mary Coleridge）Heavy is any my heart,Dark are thine eyes.Thou and I must part,Ere the sun rise.Ere the sun rise，Thou and I must part.Dark are thine eyes，Heavy is any my heart.III. 应用文体翻译：1．商业信函翻译：（1）Dear Sirs,We are keen to expand our export to Africa of top-class office furniture, and are looking for suitable agents to represent us. If you are interested in having the Kenya agent for a twelve-month trial period, we should be pleased to send you the draft agreement stating the terms and conditions of the agency.We enclose for your information a copy of our latest catalogue and price list.We are looking forward to your reply at an early date.Yours faithfully（2）Dear Sirs,We have learned from Market Information Paper that you are a well-known supplier of electric heaters in China. It is our desire to deal with you. We are now in the market for 600 sets of electric heaters. We wonder whether you are in a position to meet our requirements. If your answer is in the affirmative，please quote us your best price CIF London, stating the earliest date of shipment, specifications, packing, payment terms, etc. Besides, kindly let us know the commission and discount you will allow. Besides, it is appreciated if you could send us your catalogue.Your early reply will be appreciated.Yours faithfully2. 广告翻译练习(1) Breakfast without orange juice is like a day without sunshine.(2) Flowers by Inter-flora speak from the heart.(3) Once tasted，always loved.(4) Big thrills. Small bills.(5) Good to the last drop！（NESCAFE）（6）A diamond is forever.(7) We’re not in the computer business. We’re in the results business.(8) A Modern Car for a Modern Driver（9）Apple thinks different（10）Tasting is believing.IV. 新闻文体翻译练习:（标题）1. World Eyes Mid-East Peace Talks2. Australia Makes Bid (企图；努力；争取) to Lure (吸引) More Asian Tourists（正文）Leaders of demonstrators accused the government of trying to hinder the teach-in by hastily organizing pop concerts and commandeering the city’s mobile toilets.(teach-in [美]（大学师生对政府政策，尤其是外交政策，进行讨论或辩论的）宣讲会/ commandeer [美口] 强占/ accuse somebody of something 指责，谴责（某人）某事)V. 科技文体翻译练习:（专业科技文章）1. Steel is usually made where the iron ore is melted, so that the modern steelworks forms a complete unity, taking in raw materials and producing all types of cast iron and steel, both for sending to other works for further treatment, and as finished products such as joists and other consumers。

1.Jean is a bright young woman who comes from a rich and famous family. She goes to a good university and has everything that money can buy. Well, almost everything.2.The problem is that the people in Jean’s family are so busy that they can hardly find ti me to be with her. In fact, Jean is quite lonely.3.所以她花很多时间在QQ上. She likes being anonymous(匿名), talking to people who donot know about her famous family and her rich life. She uses the name Linda on QQ and has made a lot of friends who she keeps in touch with quite often.4.去年她在QQ上交了个特别的朋友. His name was David and lived in San Francisco. David was full of stories and jokes. He and Jean had a common(共同的)interest in rock music and modern dance. So it always took them hours to talk happily on QQ and sometimes they even forgot their time. Of course, 5.他们想更多地了解彼此. David sent a picture of himself: He was a tall, good-looking young man with a big, happ y smile. As time went by, they became good friends and often sent cards and small thing s to each other.When Jean’s father told her that he was going on a busin ess trip to San Francisco, she asked him to let her go with him so that she could give David a surprise for his birt hday. She would take him the latest DVD of their favorite rock singer. But when she knocked on David’s door in San Francisco, she found th at her special friend was a twele-year-old boy named Jim!。

语篇翻译专题2022-2023青竹湖湘一九上第三次月考真题Mr.Green lives in London.He is an st year,he madea robot.66.The robot could say only one sentence“There is no doubtabout it.”The robot always said the same words when people talked toit.67.格林先生不仅想要买一个新房子还计划建造一个更大的实验室。

That needed a lot of money.One day,he took the robot to themarket to sell it.“Who will buy my robot?It is very smart,”he shouted.“20,000dollars for my robot!”A young man wanted to buy the robot.68.But he was surprised that Mr.Green was selling it for so much money.Is it different from other robots?Instead of asking Mr.Green why he wanted so much money,he decided to speak to the robot.“Are you worth(值)20,000dollars?”he asked the robot.“There is no doubt about it,”answered the robot.69.这个年轻人是如此喜欢这个机器人的回答以至于他买了它并把它搬回了家。

But very soon he found that the robot could say nothing else.He felt sorry that he bought the robot.He stood in front of the robot and said,“70.How foolish I was to spend so much money on such a robot!”“There is no doubt about it,”said the robot.66.67.68.69.70.2022-2023雅礼集团九上第三次月考真题9．（10分）How would you feel if your school banned（禁止）phones in class？The Ministry of Education（外交部）suggests that mobile phones should be banned in primary and secondary schools.This aims to protect student'eyesight and make sure they can study hard.（1）It can also stop teenagers from playing online games for a long time.Xu Xiaohe，a13﹣year﹣old girl from Zhejiang，supports the idea."（2）实际上，我们不被允许带手机。

Poor Birds可怜的小鸟There was a flock of birds in the jungle near a village. They lived together in a big tree and had a lot of fun every day. This flock of birds usually flew to different places in groups, making a beautiful picture in the sky. Sometimes they have a heated discussion in the tree.在一个小村庄附近的丛林里有一群小鸟，它们共同栖息在一棵大树上，每天过着快乐的生活。

这群小鸟常常成群结队地飞往不同的地方，它们的身姿形成天空一道漂亮的风景。

有时，它们会在大树上展开激烈的争论One day, a farmer went to the jungle to trap some animals for dinner. He saw a lot of birds in the tree, so he threw some corn on the ground and waited until the birds came down to eat. Then he threw a big net over the birds to trap them.一天，一个农夫到丛林里捕捉猎物用作晚餐。

他看到大树上有很多小鸟，于是就在地上撒了些谷物，等着小鸟来吃。

然后他支起一张大网捕捉来觅食的小鸟。

When the birds were in the net, they were all afraid and wanted to get out of the net. Some birds in this net said, “Let’s help one other to fly together and push this net up into the tree so we can get out of here.”Everyone listened and count ed, “One, two, three—everyone flies!” They all flew and pushed the net up into the tree and flew out of the net.被网罩住后，小鸟们都很害怕，想从中逃出去。

The Same Language?——by David BartonIt was said by Sir George Berbard Shaw that “England and America are two countries separated by the same language.”My first personal experience of this was when I worked as a camp counsellor for two months in 2000 in a Summer Camp run by the Boy Scouts1 of America, as part of an international leader exchange scheme. Before I went, all the participants in the scheme were given a short list of words that are in common use in the UK which Americans would either be confused by or would even offend them. I memorized the words and thought “I’ll cope”.When I finally arrived in the States three months later, I realized that perhaps a lifetime of watching American television was not adequate preparation for appreciating and coping with the differences between American and British speech. In the first hour of arriving at the camp I was exposed to High School American English, Black American English and the American English spoken by Joe Public2, all very different to each other. Needless to say, I did cope in the end. The Americans I met were very welcoming and helpful, and I found they were patient with me when I made a social faux pas when I used an inappropriate word or phrase.Upon my return I began to wonder whether anyone had documented the differences between American and British English. I found several books on the subject but often these were written in a dry and academic way. I felt that I could do better and use my sense of humor and personal experience to help people from both sides of Atlantic to communicate more effectively when they met.Firstly, American English and British English are converging thanks to increased transatlantic travel and the media. The movement of slang words is mostly eastwards, though a few words from the UK have been adopted by the Ivy League3 fraternities. This convergent trend is a recent one dating from the emergence of Hollywood as the predominant film making centre in the world and also from the Second World War when large numbers of American GIs4 were stationed in the UK. This trend was consolidated by the advent of television. Before then, it was thought that American English and British English would diverge as the two languages evolved. In 1789, Noah Webster, in whose name American dictionaries are still published to this day, stated that “Numerous local causes, such as a new country, new associations of people, new combinations of ideas in the arts and some intercourse with tribes wholly unknown in Europe will introduce new words into the American tongue.”He was right, but his next statement has since been proved to be incorrect. “These causes will produce in the course of time a language in North America as different from the future language of England as the modern Dutch, Danish and Swedish are from the German or from one another.”Webster had underrated the amount of social intercourse between England and her former colony. Even before Webster had started to compile his dictionary, words and expressions from the America had already infiltrated the British language, for example “canoe”and “hatchet”. Very few people in Britain realize how many of the words they use are of American origin. Often this importation of American words has encountered a linguistic snobbery by the British, which was a manifestation of the cultural snobbery that bedevilled Anglo-American relationships for a long time. This is not,thankfully, the case now.Secondly, there are some genealizations that can be made about American English and British English which can reveal the nature of the two nations and their peoples. British speech tends to be less general, and directed more, in nuances of meaning, at a sub-group of the population. This has become a kind of code, in which few words are spoken because each, along with its attendant murmurings and pauses, carries a wealth of shared assumptions and attitudes. In other words, the British are preoccupied with their social status within society and speak and act accordingly fit into the social class they aspire to. This is particularly evident when talking to someone from “the middle class”when he points out that he is “upper middle class”rather than “middle class” or “lower middle class”. John Major (the former UK Prime Minister) may have said that we are now living in a “classless society”but the class system still prevails. At that moment both he and the leader of the Opposition, Tony Blair, were talking about capturing the “middle England, middle class vote”as the key to winning the next general election. American speech tends to be influenced by the over-heated language of much of the media, which is designed to attach an impression of exciting activity to passive, if sometimes insignificant events. Yet, curiously, really violent activity and life-changing events are hidden in bland antiseptic tones that serve to disguise the reality. Two examples come readily to mind —the US Military with their “friendly fire” and “collateral damages” and the business world with their “downsizing”. British people tend t o understatement whereas Americans towards hyperbole. A Briton might respond to a suggestion with a word such as “Terrific!”only if he is expressing an American rapturous enthusiasm, whereas an American might use the word merely to signify polite assent.Thirdly, the American language has less regard than the British for grammatical form, and will happily bulldoze its way across distinctions rather than steer a path between them. American English will casually use one form of a word for another, for example turning nouns into verbs or verbs and nouns into adjectives. In Britain, a disrespect for grammatical rules, particularly amongst the middle classes, would immediately reveal you to be “not one of us”. Listening to listener feedback programmes on Radio 4 (a radio station run by the British Broadcasting Corporation Or BBC) would reveal this. People actually write into complain about grammatical mistakes made by news presenters! Amongst young British people, this is not necessarily the case. British teenagers have long been accused of being poorly educated by politicians, parents and employers since they have little regard for grammar in their speech. As a consequence of American culture and speech patterns being commonplace on children’s television programmes in the UK, I have noted that most young British children of acquaintance now play with their toys in an American accent with the attendant syntax and grammatical structures. American teenagers have taken this disregard for grammatical form one step further and have almost abandoned syntax altogether. For example, a teenage girl might describe the first time she met her new boyfriend by saying “I looked at him and I was, like, whoa!”5I do hope what I’ve said will be of some help for the people on both sides of the Atlantic when they meet and communicate.Notes:1.the Boy Scouts: 男童子军2.Joe Public: 普通人；普通老百姓3.the Ivy League: 常青藤联盟（美国东北部八所著名大学的统称）4.GIs: 美国士兵（尤指步兵）。