虚拟语气(2)
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高考英语虚拟语气知识点解析(2)
A．will attendB．had been attended
C．would attendD．would have attended
17．(2016 ·浙江)Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths ________ since their highest in 2005.
8．What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ___________ it better.
A．need have doneB．must have done
C．can have doneD．might have done
9．She looks as if she _____ ten years younger.
A．must be reservedB．is reserved
C．be reservedD．will be reserved
3．—Oh, dear. I’m really very busy now.
—Would you rather that Ito you about my experience at school?
A．were; should not takeB．be; are not taken
C．were; not be takenD．are; are not taken
20．The order camethe soldiersthe small village the next morning.
A．that; had to leaveB．that; should leave
C．would attendD．would have attended
17．(2016 ·浙江)Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths ________ since their highest in 2005.
8．What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ___________ it better.
A．need have doneB．must have done
C．can have doneD．might have done
9．She looks as if she _____ ten years younger.
A．must be reservedB．is reserved
C．be reservedD．will be reserved
3．—Oh, dear. I’m really very busy now.
—Would you rather that Ito you about my experience at school?
A．were; should not takeB．be; are not taken
C．were; not be takenD．are; are not taken
20．The order camethe soldiersthe small village the next morning.
A．that; had to leaveB．that; should leave
高中英语M6语法专项复习(二)虚拟语气
号顿市安谧阳光实验学校牛津高中英语M6语法专项复习（二）虚拟语气一、语气的定义和种类l、语气：语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2、语气的种类：（1）陈述语气: 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
如：We are not ready. 我们没准备好。
What a fine day it is!多好的天气啊!（2）祈使语气: 表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。
如:Open the door, please。
请打开门。
（3）虚拟语气: 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
如：If I were you, I should study English. 如果我是你，我就学英语了。
May you succeed! 祝您成功！二、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件何。
在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。
如:If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。
如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。
如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。
(事实上他昨天没见到你，因此也未能问你这件事。
)在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。
现将虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下:注: 主句中的should只用于I、we，但在英语中，should常被would代替；从句中的should 可用于各种人称。
l、表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果。
如：If my brother were here, everything would be all right.要是我哥哥在这儿，一切都没问题了。
高二英语选修六_名师语法：虚拟语气详解(2)
名师语法：虚拟语气详解（2）概念引入上一单元我们学习了虚拟语气中与现在、将来事实相反的虚拟条件句及宾语从句的虚拟语气。
本单元要继续学习虚拟语气中与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，及虚拟语气在其它从句中的应用。
首先，我们先看下面含虚拟语气的句子：1. We would have won, if Jack had scored t hat goal.2. We would have won if we hadn’t stayed up so late the night before.3. We would have won the championship, if we had got Mr Han to coach us.4. If she had studied harder, she would have got the diploma.这些句子都是与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。
下面我们就来学习这部分内容。
用法讲解与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句虚拟条件句的动词形式假设类型条件从句（if从句）谓语动词主句的谓语动词与现在事实相反一般过去式(be用were) would/should/might/could +动词原形与将来事实可能相反1）一般过去式(be只用were)2）were to + 动词原形;3）should + 动词原形would/should/might/could+动词原形与过去事实相反had done would/should/might/could + have 过去分词从表格可知，虚拟条件句与过去事实相反时，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时，而主句的谓语用would/should/might/could加现在完成时形式。
If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。
混合虚拟语气的用法归纳 (2)
混合虚拟语气的用法归纳引言虚拟语气是英语语法中一个非常重要的概念，它表达的是一种假设、愿望或不可能实现的情况。
在使用虚拟语气时，我们可以运用不同的时态和情态动词来达到不同的表达效果。
其中，混合虚拟语气是一种特殊的方式，指代过去时间但对于结果产生影响的状况。
我们将在本文中详细探讨混合虚拟语气以及其常见用法。
一、介绍混合虚拟语气混合虚拟语气架构于过去时间，表示与现实相反和与当前事实无关的假设条件。
也就是说，在使用混合虚拟语气时，我们将主句置于过去完成时，从句中则采用过去式来描述所假设的情况。
此外，分辨成真和成假条件也是理解混合虚拟语气的关键。
二、表示对现在情况无法改变的后悔1. "If only" 句型"If only" 用于表达对过去某个事件感到遗憾或后悔，并且现在无能为力去改变它。
这种结构中，主句使用了过去完成时，从句中的动词采用了过去完成时或者强调情态动词。
例句：- If only I had studied harder for the exam, I would have passed it.（要是我当初更努力地学习考试，我就能通过了。
）- If only she had listened to my advice, she wouldn't be in this mess now.（如果她当初听我的建议，现在她就不会陷入这种困境。
）2. 表示对过去错误决定的后悔使用虚拟语气来表示对于以前做出的决定和选择感到遗憾和后悔常常是混合虚拟语气的典型应用之一。
例句：- I wish I hadn't quit my job without a backup plan.（我真希望当初没有毫无准备地辞掉工作。
）- We regretted that we hadn't bought the tickets earlier when they were still available.（当时门票还有余额时我们没有早点购买真是后悔不已。
英语虚拟语气的三种时态
（1）与现在事实相反。
若与现在事实相反，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“s hould (would, could, might)+动词原形”。
如：If I knew her number I could ring her up.（2）与过去事实相反。
若与过去事实相反，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”。
如：If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life.（3）与将来事实相反。
若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (w ould, could, might)+动词原形”。
如：If he went，would you go too?知识拓展：1．His doctor suggested that he ______ a short leave of absence．A．will take B．would take C．take D．took2．The job would require that ______ at 7 o'clock every morning．A．he will be at the factory B．he be at the factoryC．he was at the factory D．he has been at the factory3．Your advice that she ______ till next week is reasonable．A．will wait B．is going to wait C．waits D．wait4．The housemaster was strict．He requested that we ______ television on wee k nights．A．not watch B．must not to watchC．not be watching D．have not watched5．It is necessary that a worker ______ his work on time．A．accomplishes B．can accomplishC．accomplish D．has accomplished答案：1—5 BBDAD。
if虚拟语气用法讲义(二)2022届高考英语二轮复习语法专题
if虚拟的用法（二）if虚拟条件句的省略当if虚拟条件句中有were/had/should，省略if，将were/had/should提前。
（一去二提）【例句】1.If Li Yifeng were my boyfriend, I would be the happiest girl in the world.→Were Li Yifeng my boyfriend, I would be the happiest girl in the world.2.If I had finished my task, I would have been in Beijing.→________________________________________________.3.If he should go to the zoo, we would have a happy hour together.→_________________________________________________.4.If he shouldn’t go to the zoo, we would be very sad.Should he not go to the zoo, we would be very sad.（否定词not不动，只将should提前）当遇到否定词not时，不能与were、had、should缩略,not 仍然放在主语后面。
If I hadn’t warned you,you could have been killed.→________________________________________.【总结】if虚拟语气从句中有_____、_____、______,省略_______,将______、_______、________提前。
【练一练】1._______ hard,he would have passed the exam.A.If he were to workB.Had he workedB.Should he work D.Were he to work2._______ you have a meeting tomorrow,I would have to put off to visit you.A.WereB.WouldC.ShouldD.will3.Had you come earlier,you ________ her.A.would have metB. would meetC.will meetD.should meet4.Should you have a meeting tomorrow, I _________ (have to) put off to visit you.5._________ (I be) in your position, I would not take his money.三、if虚拟条件句的错综【回顾】从句主句与现在事实相反的假设did would/should/could/might +do与将来事实相反的假设did/were to/should do would/should/could/might+do与过去事实相反的假设had done would/should/could/might +have done 【概念】If I had taken medicine last night, I would be better now.If you had listened to the doctor,you would be all right now.If I were you,I would have gone home 2 hours ago.错综的意思：if虚拟条件句中主句和从句时间不一致，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间加以调整。
虚拟语气(二)
与过去情况 过去完成式 相反的假设 (had +done)
would / could / might / should +have done
与将来情况 可能相反的 假设
①过去式 (did)/(were) would / could / might /
②should + do
shouldห้องสมุดไป่ตู้+ do
③were to do
1.宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持：insist 三个命令：order, command，instruct 四个建议：advise, suggest, recommend, propose 五个要求：demand , require, request, desire
这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气 用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + V原 形，或者将should省略。
4. It rained yesterday. If it _h_a_d__b_e_e_n__(be) fine yesterday, I w__o_u_ld_h_a_v_e__g_o_n_e___(go)there.
5. If he _s_h_o_u_ld_/_w_e_r_e_t_o_c_o_m__e__(come) tomorrow, what _s_h_o_u_l_d___we _s_a_y______(say) to him?
If it were not for ---/If it had not been for ---
Fill in the blanks
1. I am not free today. If I __w_e_r_e__(be)free today, I __w_o_u_l_d_g__o_(go) and visit some of my friends.
外研版选修6Module 6 Section Ⅲ Grammar — 虚拟语气(2)
Section_Ⅲ 语法图解
Grammar— 虚拟语气(2)
探究发现
①I wish I knew the answer to the question at the moment. ②We wish we had studied harder when at school. ③I wish I could fly to the moon one day. ④I'd rather you paid the money yourself. ⑤I'd rather she hadn't done that then. ⑥The workers demanded that their wages (should) be increased.
I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting tonight. 我建议我们今晚开个会。
He insisted we (should) stop at a small restaurant just outside of Atlanta.
他坚持让我们在亚特兰大市外不远的一家小餐馆歇歇脚。
I would rather we had a rest now.
二、虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用 1．在“it is essentபைடு நூலகம்al/important/necessary/strange/surprising ... ＋that从句”中，that从句是真正的主语从句，从句中的谓语用 “should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。 It's strange that tourists (should) never visit this village. 很奇怪，游客竟然从不参观这个村子。
Grammar— 虚拟语气(2)
探究发现
①I wish I knew the answer to the question at the moment. ②We wish we had studied harder when at school. ③I wish I could fly to the moon one day. ④I'd rather you paid the money yourself. ⑤I'd rather she hadn't done that then. ⑥The workers demanded that their wages (should) be increased.
I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting tonight. 我建议我们今晚开个会。
He insisted we (should) stop at a small restaurant just outside of Atlanta.
他坚持让我们在亚特兰大市外不远的一家小餐馆歇歇脚。
I would rather we had a rest now.
二、虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用 1．在“it is essentபைடு நூலகம்al/important/necessary/strange/surprising ... ＋that从句”中，that从句是真正的主语从句，从句中的谓语用 “should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。 It's strange that tourists (should) never visit this village. 很奇怪，游客竟然从不参观这个村子。
(完整版)英语虚拟语气练习题及答案(2)
虚拟语气练习题用所给动词的适当形式填空：Part A。
1.If people ______(drive) more slowly， there wouldn't be so many accidents。
2.If you had worked carefully， you _____（not make) so many mistakes.3.The boat wouldn’t have drifted away， if we _____ （tie) it up。
4.If I had known you already _____(have) a typewriter， I _____（not， buy） one for your birthday.5.If he _____（be） here this afternoon I would go with him.6.If it were to rain tomorrow， the match _____(postpone).7.But for your help, we ______（not be） able to finish the work in time.8.If it _____（not, be） for the leadership of the Party， we would not have achieved so much.9.I wish I _____（study) hard while I was young。
10.It is about time that fence ______（mend).11.My request is that we ______(hold) another session to discuss the problem。
12.It is strange that the car _____(break) down at exactly the same place where it _____（break) down yesterday。
高中英语-虚拟语气(二)
the conference wouldn't have been so
successful.
A. haven’t made B. wouldn’t make
C. didn’t make
D. hadn’t made
【解析】句意：如果不是我们做好了充分的准
备，会议不可能这么成功。这是条件句中的虚
拟语气，主句谓语用的是wouldn't have been，
宾语从句中的动词用should + v, 或should省略
•The doctor ordered she should be operated.
我们建议Tom 去休息一下。 他坚持要我与他同行。 他们要求派Tom去那儿工作。 老师要求作业要及时完成。
We suggested _(_th__a_t)_T__o_m__h_a_v_e_a__r_es_t. He insisted _(t_h_a_t_)_I_(_s_h_o_u_ld__)_g_o__w_i_th__h_i_m_ . They requested (that) Tom _(_s_h_o_u_l_d_)_b_e_s_e_n_t_t_o_w__o_r_k_t_h_e_r_e_______ .
3. would rather引导的宾语从句中的虚拟 语气
sb did … 与现在或将来
情况相反
would rather
宁愿，但愿
sb had done … 与过去情况相反
I would rather you returned me my money now. I would rather you came tomorrow. I would rather we hadn’t told her the bad news.
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虚拟语气(2)虚拟语气是用来表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的情况。
主要是通过动词的变化来体现的。
▲在某些主语从句和条件状语从句中虚拟的用法在It is important, impossible, strange, vital 至关重要的, natural, essential必需的；基本的, desirable值得要的, preferable更好的, advisable可取的, appropriate适当的, surprising, sad,urgent, suggested, necessary, requested, ordered,+that…句型中，主语从句在英国英语中用should +原形动词。
在美国英语中省略should直接用原形。
在for fear that（以防……起见）引导的条件句中用法同上。
在unless, when, so(as) long as，suppose, in case, on condition lest(以免)引导的条件状语从句中也可用虚拟语气，用法同上。
●It is necessary that he（should）come on time toattend the meeting.他按时来出席会议是必要的。
●It is natural that he（should）love Merry.他爱玛丽是很自然的事。
●He took an umbrella for fear that it (should) rain.他带了一把伞，以防天下雨。
●As long a s my wife (should) get ready, we will go.只要我太太准备好了，我们就去。
▲在suggest, propose, demand, inquire, request, desire想望, 期望, insist, order, advise, agree等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后的宾语从句中。
英国英语用should +原形动词，美国英语省略“should”用原形动词●He insisted that we（should）get there on time.他坚持我们要按时到那。
●The dean proposed that the question（should）not bediscussed at once.系主任提议这个问题不要马上讨论。
▲在think, expect, believe, 是否定形式时，宾语从句可用虚拟语气：should +动词原形，should不可省。
●She said she never expected I should lend money to her. ▲suggestion, proposal, request, advice, order,command等表示建议、命令、要求等的名词后面的表语从句中，用should+动词原形，表示虚拟，should常常省略。
The general’s command was that the soldiers (should) leave their fort and carry out more important tasks.▲were (was) to 有时在虚拟条件句中用were (was)表示试探的口气。
●If you were (was) to do something like that I would notmarry you.如果你要做那种事，我就不会嫁给你了。
▲would have done, should have done上面两种用法也经常表示虚拟，意思是本应该做而没有做的事情。
would 表示从客观上讲，而should表示从主观上讲。
●You would have taken taxi t o come here.你本应该坐出租汽车来这儿。
●If I had known she was rich, I should have married her.如果我知道她是个富翁，我本该娶她。
▲We ____ last night, but we went to the concert instead.A. must have studiedB. might studyC. should have studiedD. would studyshould (would) have done 表示过去本该做，而没有做的事情。
一、阅读理解。
(1)If I were21 and wanted to study medicine医学, I don’t think I would pack off 打好旅行to school. ①I would get a job as an orderly（卫生员，护工）in a hospital, carry ing out bedpans便盆, if necessary, and look and listen. After a year or two of that, I might know what kind of medicine I wanted to study. Maybe I would find that I preferred to become an expert in hormones荷尔蒙, rather than a surgeon外科医生. I might even end up as a chemist药剂师or a maker of surgical 外科的equipment器材. I would see where the job led me.If I were 21 and not scientifically inclined（爱好科学）, Iwould not disdain a job selling plastic dishes, for instance, from house to house. Such a salesman would learn so much about people, more than I would have an opportunity to in a laboratory. He should make money and have fun. He might learn some new things about what people want to buy that would help the researcher, the designer or the manufacturer. It is not the job you take that matters so much, as what you do with it②.I heard the other day of a young demobilized serviceman （复员军人）who was embittered because his former employer gave him his old job back—sealing envelopes. Yet sealing envelopes is not a bad job. Some bright young man might derive an invention from it. Are envelopes made the way they should be or does an envelope look the way it does because we’re used to the way it looks? I don’t know. What about the glue, our methods of stamping and addressing?What I am getting at,③is that some people are tempted to shoot too high④. One way to find out what you want to do in life is to try all kinds of jobs. If you don’t like working in a filling station, try a store, an office, a shop, a farm. Not only will you find out what you want to do, but you will also pick up, as you go along, an amazing amount of useful information.I know a young man who is uncertain whether to be a boat-builder or an accountant. I suggested, when he asked my advice, that he sit down at a typewriter and write two essays—one on the advantages of being a boat builder, the other on the advantages of an accountant. Then he shouldwrite two more on the disadvantages of each one, and study what he has written. One never knows what is in his mind until he gets busy and lets it out.A lot of people seem to think that a man learns only in his teens. Boys get this impression from their elders and, on emerging from the armed services at the age of 22 or 23, imagine themselves too old to take up such a noble science as, for example, medicine.I was in my early 70’s when I studied medicine, not for a degree but to enable me better to experiment with a “fever medicine”（发热药）which we invented in our laboratories. It is used to cure or alleviate certain types of disease with heat therapy（热疗）.Two years ago I took up hydrogen-electric welding（氢气电焊法）, and became a pretty good welder. I was trying to find a means of eliminating the sputter. I relate this in no spirit of boastfulness. I just want youngsters to know that they are never too old to learn. Even at our best, we use just a tiny bit of our brains⑤.We are making more and more new things. The more we make, the more men will work and the more people will buy. Employment will snowball. There are more opportunities today in this land than there have ever been. They are increasing in number and I think they are infinite.The older I get, the more I realize that the highest good is the good of the people. If I were to choose an occupation again, I should consider three things: how well it served the public; how much fun there was in it; and, of course, whether it’s financial reward would meet my need.①pack off to school打铺盖卷去上学②该句是强调句型，原句应是The job you take matters not so much, as what you do withit. 句子not…so much…that…是习惯用法，意思是“与其说…不如说…”因强调not，用了It is not…that…的句型。