肋骨骨折各种影像学诊断价值及对比分析(1)
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X线平片和CT检查诊断肋骨骨折的临床效果和对比分析目的分析肋骨骨折(rib fracture,RF)诊断时采用CT扫描和X线平片诊断的结果。
方法选取我院2014年6月~2015年6月收治的62例确诊为RF患者进行实验,分别采用X光和CT扫描方式予以诊断,判断2种方式的确诊率和错诊率。
结果螺旋CT对膈上RF的检查确诊率显著比X线平片高,而错诊率相比X线平片则有显著下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);螺旋CT对膈下RF的检查确诊率显著比X线平片高,而错诊率相比X线平片则有显著下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
结论与X线平片相比,采取CT影像技术对RF患者进行诊断,可获得更高的骨折检出率,同时尽量避免误诊的情况,值得加强推广。
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the results of CT scan and X-ray plain film in diagnosis of rib fracture (RF). Methods 62 patients who were diagnosed with RF in our hospital from June 2014 to June 2015 were enrolled in this study. X-ray and CT scans were used to diagnose. The diagnosis rate and misdiagnosis rate of the two methods were judged. Results The diagnostic rate of RF on the diaphragm by spiral CT was significantly higher than that by X-ray,and the misdiagnosis rate by spiral CT was significantly lower than that by X-ray film. The data were satisfied with,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The diagnostic rate of subphrenic RF by spiral CT was significantly higher than that by the X-ray,and the misdiagnosis rate by spiral CT was significantly lower than that by the X-ray film. The data were satisfied,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with X-ray,CT imaging technique used in diagnosing RF patients can obtain higher detection rate of fracture and avoid misdiagnosis as much as possible,which is worthy of promotion.[Key words] Rib fracture;X-ray film;CT examination;Detection rate;Misdiagnosis rate肋骨骨折(rib fracture,RF)有两种致病原因,即病理性致因与外力性致因。
肋骨骨折ct标准
肋骨骨折的CT诊断标准如下:
1. 典型的肋骨骨折的直接征象在CT上表现为线性低密度影贯穿肋骨的内、外侧骨皮质,肋骨的两断端可能有移位、嵌插、成角的现象。
其间接征象可能包括肋骨周围的软组织肿胀和皮下气肿,也可能有肺部损伤和液气胸。
2. 粉碎性肋骨骨折的CT表现为有大于2个以上的碎骨片,其周围软组织可能有肿胀,并伴有积气。
3. 不全性肋骨骨折在CT上通常表现为肋骨内侧骨皮质凹陷或断裂,也可能会看到肋骨外侧骨皮质隆起。
对于这种不完全的骨折,有时需要结合胸部外伤史以及是否有周围软组织肿胀来进行诊断。
4. 肋骨骨折在胸部轴位CT图像中的定位诊断可以通过肋骨与胸椎椎体的固定解剖关系来进行,即肋骨的肋颈、肋结节与相应的胸椎椎体、椎弓根及胸椎椎体两侧的横突在轴位切面方向上始终处于同一水平面内。
5. 轻微的或仅发生不完全骨折、肋骨骨裂的情况,在X片上可能无法观测到有明显的骨折现象,这时就要进行肋骨CT加二维、三维重建来明确细微骨折。
进行肋骨CT检查时首先要看二维重建片,在二维重建片上可以发现肋骨骨折的细微改变,同时可以结合三维重建图像来明确是第几根肋骨发生骨折,明确是前肋骨折还是后肋骨折。
以上信息仅供参考,如有身体不适,建议及时就医。