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代词种类：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，相互代词，指示代词，疑问代词，关系代词，不定代词1.人称代词personal pronouns主格：I you he she it they we宾格：me you him her it them us2.物主代词possessive pronouns形容词性~：my your his her its t heir our名词性~：mine yours his hers its theirs ours3.反身代词reflexive pronounsMyself yourself himself ......4.相互代词reciprocal pronounsEach other , one another5.指示代词demonstrative pronounsThis that these those such same6.疑问代词interrogative pronounsWho whom whose which what ..7.关系代词relative pronounsWho that which ....8.不定代词infinitive pronounsSome something any anything anyone much little few all one both......1.2.3.略四、反身代词的用法1）定义：如人称代词一致，反身代词的人称和数以及性要和它所指代的名词或代词一致。
2）反身代词的句法功能反身代词可用作宾语、同位语、表语等。
用作同位语时，主要用于加强被修饰词的语气，可紧放在被修饰名词后或句末。
如：He himself was a doctor. (同位语) =He was a doctor himself.She is too young to look after herself. （宾语） I don't blame you, I blame myself(宾语). He cut himself when he was cooking.(宾语) That poor boy was myself.（表语）那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。
代词(Pronouns) 知识点‖代词概述‖代词是代替名词及名词作用的短语或句子的词。
代词根据其用法特点可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、不定代词等如：She sings better than me. 她比我唱得好。
(人称代词)Our room is bigger than yours. 我们的房间比你们的大。
(物主代词)Go and wash yourself, Tom. 去洗一洗，汤姆。
(反身代词)We can help one another. 我们可以互相帮助。
(相互代词)This river is longer than that one. 这条河比那条河长。
(指示代词)What are you doing over there? 你们在那边做什么? (疑问代词)I don't know who is in the room. 我不知道谁在房间里。
(关系代词)Money isn't everything. 金钱不是万能的。
(不定代词)1. 代词的概念与分类一、人称代词是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、"我们"、"你们"、"他们"的词。
人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表：数单数复数格主格宾格主格宾格第一人称I me we us第二人称you you you you第三人称he him they themshe her they themit it they them例如：He is my friend.他是我的朋友。
It's me.是我。
二、物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，也可叫做代词所有格。
物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种，其人物和数的变化见下表。
Pronouns 单词音标中文all[ɔːl]全部的another[əˈnʌðə(r)]另一个anyone[ˈeniwʌn]任何人anything [ˈeniθɪŋ]任何东西;任何东西both[bəʊθ]两者都each [i:tʃ]每;各自的else [els]其他enough[ɪˈnʌf] 足够地everyone [ˈevriwʌn]每人everything [ˈevriθɪŋ]每件事物he [hi]他her [hə(r)] 她hers [hɜ:z]她的him [hɪm]他his [hɪz]他的I [aɪ]我it[ɪt]它me [mi]我mine[maɪn]我的more [mɔ:(r)]更，更多most [məʊst]最，最多much [mʌtʃ]非常no-one ['nəʊw'ʌn]没有一个nothing [ˈnʌθɪŋ]没有东西;没有事情one [wʌn]一；一个other [ˈʌðə(r)] 其他的ours [ˈaʊəz]我们的she [ʃi]她someone [ˈsʌmwʌn] 某人something [ˈsʌmθɪŋ] 某物，某事that [ðæt]那个，那theirs [ðeəz]他们的them [ðəm]他们these [ði:z] 这些的they [ðeɪ]他们this [ðɪs]这，这个those[ðəʊz]那些的，那us[əs]我们we[wi]我们where [weə(r)] 哪里which [wɪtʃ]哪个who [hu:]谁you[ju]你；你们yours [jɔ:z]你（们）的Verbs(Irregular)单词音标中文be [bi]是begin [bɪˈgɪn]开始break[breɪk]破;打破bring [brɪŋ]导致;带来burn[bɜ:n]（使）燃烧buy [baɪ]购买catch(a ball) [kætʃ]接住（球）catch(a bus) [kætʃ]赶上（车）choose[tʃu:z]挑选come[kʌm] 来;出现cut[kʌt]切开do[du]做；助动词draw [drɔ:] 绘画drink[drɪŋk]喝drive[draɪv] 开车eat [i:t]吃fall [fɔ:l] 跌倒;落下fall over [fɔ:l ˈəuvə]被…绊倒feel[fi:l] 感觉find [faɪnd]找到;发现find out [faind a ut]发现fly [flaɪ] 飞，飞行forget[fəˈget]忘掉，忘记get [get]得到，抓住get off [ɡet ɔf]离开;下（车、马等）get on [ɡet ɔn]上车get to[ɡet t u:] 到达get(un)dressed [get ʌnˈdrest] 脱衣服get dressed [get d rest]穿衣服get up [ɡet ʌp]起床give [gɪv]给go [gəʊ]走go out [ɡəu a ut]外出go shopping [ɡəu ˈʃɔpɪŋ] 去购物grow [grəʊ]种植have [həv]助动词（现在完成时）have(got) [hæv gɔt] 有have(got)to [hæv gɔt t u:]必须;不得不hear [hɪə(r)]听到hide [haɪd]隐藏hit [hɪt] 打，打击hold [həʊld]容纳;拿住hurt [hɜ:t]损害;使受伤know [nəʊ]知道;了解learn [lɜ:n]学习leave [li:v]离开;遗弃let [let]让let's [lets]让我们lie down[lai d aun]休息lose[lu:z] 失去make [meɪk]做，制造mean[mi:n]意思是meet [mi:t]相遇must[məst]必须put[pʊt]放put on[put ɔn]穿上read [ri:d] 阅读，朗读ride[raɪd]骑run [rʌn] 跑say [seɪ]说， 讲see [si:]看见sell[sel]卖，售send [send]送sing [sɪŋ]唱，歌唱sit down[sit d aun]坐下sleep[sli:p]睡，睡觉smell[smel]嗅，闻smell(like)[smel l aɪk]闻起来像speak[spi:k]讲spell [spel]拼写spend[spend]花钱stand up [stænd ʌp]起立steal [sti:l]偷swim [swɪm]游泳take [teɪk]采取;拿take(a bus) [teik ə bʌs]坐公共汽车take(a photo) [teik ə ˈfəutəu] 拍照take off [teik ɔf]起飞;脱掉take time [teik t aim]费时teach [ti:tʃ]教;教授tell [tel]讲述;告诉think[θɪŋk]想;以为throw [θrəʊ] 丢;抛understand [ˌʌndəˈstænd] 懂，理解wake up [weik ʌp]醒来wear[weə(r)]穿着，戴着will [wɪl]愿意,希望,想要win [wɪn] 获胜,赢won't [wəʊnt]将不，不会（=will not）write [raɪt]写。
人称代词：1）在简短的对话当中通用宾格：eg : I like English.---Me too.Have more wine? ---Not me! I don’t want any more.2）在表示比较的非正式文体中，常用宾格eg : He is taller than me.He is taller than I am3）在电话用语中常用主格eg : I wish to speak to Mary.----This is / It’s she.4）I thought it was she. 我以为是她I thought it to be her.I was taken to be she.我被当成了她。
They took me to be her.他们把我当成了她。
5）定代词：anybody / everybody / nobody / anymore / someone / everyone / no one在正式场合使用时可以用his / him来代替。
eg : Nobody came, did he?Everyone knows it, didn’t he?6）人称代词的顺序问题：A：You, he and I are of an age.We, you and they are good students.B：当承认错误或承担责任时：I, he and you / they, you and weC：在长辈对晚辈，或者长官对下属说话时，如果长官为第一人称：I and you try to finish it.D：No one believe it, but he and she.7）强调句式：It is he that did it.It is him that I met.名词性物主代词：1）做主语：Yours works better.你的更好使。
2）做宾语：I love motherland as much as you love yours.我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样。
pronouns的词组搭配-回复Pronouns are an essential component of the English language that help us refer to people, places, things, and ideas without repeating nouns constantly. These versatile words can be used as subjects, objects, possessives, or even reflexively. In this article, we will explore different word combinations with pronouns, understanding their functions, and providing examples along the way.1. Subject Pronouns:Subject pronouns replace nouns that function as the subject of a sentence. They include "I, you, he, she, it, we, they."Examples:- I am going to the store.- You are my best friend.- He plays soccer after school.- She is a talented singer.- It is a sunny day today.- We are going to the movies tonight.- They are studying for the exam.2. Object Pronouns:Object pronouns replace nouns that serve as the object of a sentence. They include "me, you, him, her, it, us, them."Examples:- John called me last night.- Can you lend me your pen?- I saw him at the party.- She helped her mother with the dishes.- The cat likes to play with it.- They invited us to their wedding.- Please give them the message.3. Possessive Pronouns:Possessive pronouns show ownership or possession. They include "mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs."Examples:- This book is mine, not yours.- The red bike is his, and the blue one is hers.- The dog wagged its tail.- Our house is bigger than theirs.- The responsibility of the project is ours.4. Reflexive Pronouns:Reflexive pronouns are used when the subject and the object of a sentence are the same person or thing. They include "myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves."Examples:- I cut myself while preparing dinner.- You should be proud of yourself.- He talks to himself when he's alone.- She hurt herself while playing basketball.- The computer turns itself off after a period of inactivity.- Let's enjoy ourselves at the party.- They organized the event by themselves.5. Demonstrative Pronouns:Demonstrative pronouns are used to point to specific people, places, or things. They include "this, that, these, those."Examples:- This is my favorite movie.- That is a beautiful sunset.- These are my new shoes.- Those flowers are blooming beautifully.6. Interrogative Pronouns:Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions. They include "who, whom, whose, which, what."Examples:- Who is at the door?- Whom did you invite to the party?- Whose car is parked outside?- Which book do you want to read?- What time is the meeting?7. Indefinite Pronouns:Indefinite pronouns refer to non-specific people, places, or things. They include "all, another, any, anybody, anyone, anything, each, everybody, everyone, everything, many, none, nobody, nothing, some, somebody, someone, something."Examples:- All is fair in love and war.- Another opportunity will come your way.- Does anyone want coffee?- Each of the children received a gift.- Everybody enjoyed the concert.- Many were present at the event.- Nobody knows the answer.- Something made him smile.In conclusion, pronouns play an integral role in the English language by substituting nouns and making our conversations more efficient. Understanding their various forms and functions can help improve our writing and communication skills. So, let's continue practicing and expanding our knowledge of pronouns inorder to enhance our linguistic abilities.。
Pronouns (代词)Personal Pronoun(人称代词)1). 人称代词有人称、数、格、性之分，见下表：2). 人称代词连用时的次序：通常单数you放在第一位，I放在最后；复数we放在第一位，they放在最后：3). 人称代词要与其所指代的名词在性、数上一致，如：I take chemistry and biology because I need them for medicine.4). 人称代词she (her)也常用来指代国家、海洋、月亮、自由、和平等名词。
5).it可指事物、动物、未知的人；可表示天气、时间、距离等，也可作形式主语、形式宾语来代替不定式短语、动名词短语或从句，it还可用于构成强调句型，如：It's Sunday today.I found it necessary to go on with this experiment.It's Mary that we are talking about.Possessive Pronoun(物主代词)1). 英语中的物主代词有形容词型和名词型两种，见下表：2). 形容词型物主代词只能用作定语，而名词型物主代词可用作主语、宾语和表语，如：I can't find my pen. Can you lend me yours?3). 名词型物主代词可与of连用，构成双重所有格，如：She is a friend of mine.4).形容词型物主代词his, her, their等在人称、性、数上要和它们所指代的名词一致。
如果不能判断句中名词的属性，一般用his，如：Every girl is doing her best.Each teacher has his own teaching method.5). 集合名词作整体看待时用its（或his，her）指代，作个体看待时用their 取代，如：The Smiths could not agree on where to spend their vacation.The public expressed its concern about the flood.Reflexive Pronoun(反身代词)1).英语反身代词有：myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves。
这些词在句中作宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语等，如：You yourself must decide what to do.I am not quite myself these days.2). 反身代词可以用于某些成语：by oneself（单独地）e.g.: He likes to take a walk by himself.for oneself（替自己/亲自）e.g.: He has a right to decide for himself.You’d better go and see for yourself. (=in person)in oneself（本身）e.g.: These are good books in themselves.to oneself（供自己用）e.g.: She had a room to herself.beside oneself(情不自禁/发狂)e.g.: John is beside himself with anger.among themselves/ourselves（在他们/我们之间，互相）e.g.: They were busy arguing among themselves.“抽象名词+itself”= “very + adj.”e.g.: He is honesty itself. = He is very honest.between ourselves（私下）e.g.: This is strictly between ourselves.3). 反身代词常和一些动词连用，如：She prides herself on her ability to speak French.I hope you will enjoy yourselves at the party.He seldom absents himself from class.The teacher asks these little boys to behave themselves. Interrogative Pronoun(疑问代词)1). 英语疑问代词有who, whom, whose, what和which。
它们用于构成特殊疑问句，在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语，如：Which is the right road to the railway station?Whose are those books?To whom shall we send this box?2).疑问代词作主语时，后面动词的单复数形式取决于这些代词所代表的人或物是单数还是复数。
如果不清楚所代表的东西是单数还是复数，则动词多用单数形式，如：Who lives (live) in this room?3). 当which和what用于就人或物提问时，which一般用于有一定选择范围的情况，what则用于无选择范围或究竟是什么还不清楚的地方，如：Which color do you like, green, red or yellow?What writers do you like best?4). which, what, who和whom后可加ever来加重语气，如：Whatever do you want?whoever gave you this book?Indefinite Pronoun(不定代词)1). 英语中不定代词有all, every, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no；还有由some, any, no, every 构成的合成代词。
它们多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语,但none和合成代词不作定语，而every和no只能作定语。
2). both, either和neither用于两个人或事物。
both总用作复数，either和neither总用作单数，如：Both are right.Neither of the answers is correct.3).all, every, each：each指两个或两个以上，all和every指三个或三个以上，all强调总和、整体。
each和every都表示"每个"，只是each强调同类事物的个别性，every强调同类事物的共同性。
each只能代替可数名词，all可代替可数和不可数名词，every用在单数可数名词前表示"每一个"，用在不可数抽象名词前表示"完全的"、"充分的"，如：All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.There is a line of trees on each side of the street.I have every reason to believe that she is a fine girl.4). one指人时，表示"一种人"或泛指人，它还用来代替前面出现过的名词，避免重复，如：He is not one to accept failure easily.I have not got a tape recorder. I'll buy one tomorrow.5). other和another：other表示"另外、其余"，the other指两个中的一个，the others指已提到的其余部分，another表示"又一个"、"再来一个"，只代替可数的单数名词，但也可修饰复数名词，表示"另外的"、"附加的"，如：She has two sons. One is a doctor, the other is a worker.I don't like the color of this bag. Will you please show me another?I gave him another ten dollars.6). (a) little, (a) few, many, much都是表示数量的不定代词。
many, (a) few 只用于复数可数名词，much, (a) little只用于不可数名词，如：Many people are called, but few are chosen.You invested so much money in your business, but profited so little from it.7). some和any是表示不定数量的代词，可修饰可数或不可数名词。
some 多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句、否定句或条件从句中，如：There are some tables in that room.We haven't had any rain for months.some也可用于疑问句中表示请求、建议、反问等，any意为no matter which（无论哪一个）时，也常用于肯定句，如：Would you mind buying some stamps for me?Anyone will do.8). some, any, every和no可与one, body, thing构成合成代词。
这些代词都作单数看待，如：There is somebody on the telephone for you.Nothing ever pleases her.___________________________________________________________ 3.10.4 every & each的区别1. every虽指“每个人”，实际上强调的是“全体、整体”，而each则强调“个体、具体每个人”。
