Pronouns
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什么是代词?代词(Pronouns)是英语中一类重要的词类,用于代替名词或名词短语,以避免重复使用特定的名词。
代词在句子中充当名词的角色,起到指代、替代或补充的作用。
代词可以根据其功能和用法进行分类。
以下是一些常见的代词分类:1. 人称代词(Personal Pronouns):人称代词用于代替特定的人或物。
它们分为主格和宾格,用于主语和宾语的位置。
例如:I(我)、you(你)、he(他)、she(她)、it(它)、we(我们)、they(他们)。
2. 物主代词(Possessive Pronouns):物主代词用于表示所属关系。
它们取代名词并表示所有权。
例如:mine(我的)、yours(你的)、hers(她的)、ours(我们的)、theirs(他们的)。
3. 反身代词(Reflexive Pronouns):反身代词用于强调动作的执行者同时也是受动作影响的对象。
例如:myself(我自己)、yourself(你自己)、himself(他自己)、herself(她自己)、itself(它自己)、ourselves(我们自己)、themselves(他们自己)。
4. 相互代词(Reciprocal Pronouns):相互代词用于表示相互关系。
例如:each other(彼此)、one another(互相)。
5. 指示代词(Demonstrative Pronouns):指示代词用于指示特定的人或物。
例如:this(这个)、that(那个)、these(这些)、those(那些)。
6. 疑问代词(Interrogative Pronouns):疑问代词用于引导疑问句。
例如:who?(谁?)、what?(什么?)、which?(哪个?)。
7. 关系代词(Relative Pronouns):关系代词用于引导定语从句,并在从句中起连接作用。
例如:who(谁)、which(哪个)、that(那个)。
Pronouns (代词)Personal Pronoun(人称代词)1). 人称代词有人称、数、格、性之分,见下表:2). 人称代词连用时的次序:通常单数you放在第一位,I放在最后;复数we放在第一位,they放在最后:3). 人称代词要与其所指代的名词在性、数上一致,如:I take chemistry and biology because I need them for medicine.4). 人称代词she (her)也常用来指代国家、海洋、月亮、自由、和平等名词。
5).it可指事物、动物、未知的人;可表示天气、时间、距离等,也可作形式主语、形式宾语来代替不定式短语、动名词短语或从句,it还可用于构成强调句型,如:It's Sunday today.I found it necessary to go on with this experiment.It's Mary that we are talking about.Possessive Pronoun(物主代词)1). 英语中的物主代词有形容词型和名词型两种,见下表:2). 形容词型物主代词只能用作定语,而名词型物主代词可用作主语、宾语和表语,如:I can't find my pen. Can you lend me yours?3). 名词型物主代词可与of连用,构成双重所有格,如:She is a friend of mine.4).形容词型物主代词his, her, their等在人称、性、数上要和它们所指代的名词一致。
如果不能判断句中名词的属性,一般用his,如:Every girl is doing her best.Each teacher has his own teaching method.5). 集合名词作整体看待时用its(或his,her)指代,作个体看待时用their 取代,如:The Smiths could not agree on where to spend their vacation.The public expressed its concern about the flood.Reflexive Pronoun(反身代词)1).英语反身代词有:myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves。
代词种类:人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,相互代词,指示代词,疑问代词,关系代词,不定代词1.人称代词personal pronouns主格:I you he she it they we宾格:me you him her it them us2.物主代词possessive pronouns形容词性~:my your his her its t heir our名词性~:mine yours his hers its theirs ours3.反身代词reflexive pronounsMyself yourself himself ......4.相互代词reciprocal pronounsEach other , one another5.指示代词demonstrative pronounsThis that these those such same6.疑问代词interrogative pronounsWho whom whose which what ..7.关系代词relative pronounsWho that which ....8.不定代词infinitive pronounsSome something any anything anyone much little few all one both......1.2.3.略四、反身代词的用法1)定义:如人称代词一致,反身代词的人称和数以及性要和它所指代的名词或代词一致。
2)反身代词的句法功能反身代词可用作宾语、同位语、表语等。
用作同位语时,主要用于加强被修饰词的语气,可紧放在被修饰名词后或句末。
如:He himself was a doctor. (同位语) =He was a doctor himself.She is too young to look after herself. (宾语) I don't blame you, I blame myself(宾语). He cut himself when he was cooking.(宾语) That poor boy was myself.(表语)那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。
英语中的代词有哪些分类?英语中的代词可以分为以下几个分类:1. 人称代词(Personal Pronouns):代替特定人或物的名称。
分为主格和宾格两种形式。
例如:I(我)、you(你)、he(他)、she(她)、it(它)、we(我们)、they(他们)等。
2. 物主代词(Possessive Pronouns):表示所属关系。
例如:mine(我的)、yours(你的)、his(他的)、hers(她的)、its(它的)、ours(我们的)、theirs(他们的)等。
3. 反身代词(Reflexive Pronouns):表示指代和主语一致的动作或状态。
例如:myself(我自己)、yourself(你自己)、himself(他自己)、herself(她自己)、itself(它自己)、ourselves (我们自己)、themselves(他们自己)等。
4. 相互代词(Reciprocal Pronouns):表示两个或多个人或物之间的相互关系。
例如:each other (彼此)、one another(互相)等。
5. 指示代词(Demonstrative Pronouns):指示特定人或物的位置或距离关系。
例如:this(这个)、that(那个)、these(这些)、those(那些)等。
6. 关系代词(Relative Pronouns):在从句中引导关系从句,并在主句中起连接作用。
例如:who(谁)、whom(谁)、which(哪个)、whose(谁的)、that(那个)等。
7. 疑问代词(Interrogative Pronouns):用于提问。
例如:who(谁)、whom(谁)、what(什么)、which(哪个)等。
8. 不定代词(Indefinite Pronouns):指代不确定的人或物。
例如:somebody(某人)、anybody (任何人)、something(某物)、anything(任何事物)、everyone(每个人)、no one(没有人)、everything(每件事物)等。
代词(Pronouns) 知识点‖代词概述‖代词是代替名词及名词作用的短语或句子的词。
代词根据其用法特点可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、不定代词等如:She sings better than me. 她比我唱得好。
(人称代词)Our room is bigger than yours. 我们的房间比你们的大。
(物主代词)Go and wash yourself, Tom. 去洗一洗,汤姆。
(反身代词)We can help one another. 我们可以互相帮助。
(相互代词)This river is longer than that one. 这条河比那条河长。
(指示代词)What are you doing over there? 你们在那边做什么? (疑问代词)I don't know who is in the room. 我不知道谁在房间里。
(关系代词)Money isn't everything. 金钱不是万能的。
(不定代词)1. 代词的概念与分类一、人称代词是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、"我们"、"你们"、"他们"的词。
人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表:数单数复数格主格宾格主格宾格第一人称I me we us第二人称you you you you第三人称he him they themshe her they themit it they them例如:He is my friend.他是我的朋友。
It's me.是我。
二、物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,也可叫做代词所有格。
物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种,其人物和数的变化见下表。
人称代词:1)在简短的对话当中通用宾格:eg : I like English.---Me too.Have more wine? ---Not me! I don’t want any more.2)在表示比较的非正式文体中,常用宾格eg : He is taller than me.He is taller than I am3)在电话用语中常用主格eg : I wish to speak to Mary.----This is / It’s she.4)I thought it was she. 我以为是她I thought it to be her.I was taken to be she.我被当成了她。
They took me to be her.他们把我当成了她。
5)定代词:anybody / everybody / nobody / anymore / someone / everyone / no one在正式场合使用时可以用his / him来代替。
eg : Nobody came, did he?Everyone knows it, didn’t he?6)人称代词的顺序问题:A:You, he and I are of an age.We, you and they are good students.B:当承认错误或承担责任时:I, he and you / they, you and weC:在长辈对晚辈,或者长官对下属说话时,如果长官为第一人称:I and you try to finish it.D:No one believe it, but he and she.7)强调句式:It is he that did it.It is him that I met.名词性物主代词:1)做主语:Yours works better.你的更好使。
2)做宾语:I love motherland as much as you love yours.我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样。
to buy a new one.6)other, the other, another, othersone...the other=2 one...another >2 another +数词 +名词复数some ... the others(other +n.) = allsome ... others(other+n.)くall①One of his two brothers is an engineer, _____ is a teacher.A. otherB. the otherC. others② Could you give me ______ three apples?A. anotherB. the otherC. others③In our class, thirty are boys, ________ are girls.B. other B. the otherC. the others④ English is spoken in Australia, England and ____ countries.A.otherB. the otherC. others7)some, any8)each, every9)so, suchso 修饰adj./adv,或代替一个句子,such修饰n. 但是当n.前有many,much,few,little修饰时,只能用so. 如:so much noise, such a good boy, such great progress①I’ve never seen _____ fool, he is ___ foolish.A. such a; soB. so; soC. so a ; such② Lucy was making ____ much noise this time yesterday. Do you think ___?A. such a; soB. so; soC. so ; such3. 指示代词this,that, these, those可用于打电话中的你----that, 我--- this, that还可以用于比较中的不可数n.如;----Who’s that speaking? ---- This is Lucy. Is that Tony?The weather in Wuhan is hotter than that in Kunming.4. 疑问代词(特殊疑问词/连接代词)what, who/whom, whose, whichWhat ----事物--- What are those? --- They are shoes.Who ----人---Who is that man? --- That’s my uncle.Whose ----谁的--- Whose watch is that? --- Maybe it’s Mary’s.Which ---- 哪一个5. 关系代词that, who, whichDo you know the man ____ is talking to your father now?A. whoB. whichC. whoseExx for Junior English Pronouns用所给词的正确形式填空。
1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers.2. That is _______( she ) sister.3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister.4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary.5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America.6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students.7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom __________ ( be ) friends.9. Thanks for helping ________( I ).10. ______(Ann)mother is ______(we) teacher.一、用适当的人称代词填空:1. __________ is my aunt. We often visit __________. ( she )2. China is a developing country. _________is in the east of Asia. ( its )3. I own a blue bike. The red one isn’t __________. ( I )4. These new houses are so nice. __________ are very expensive.( them )5. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didn’t __________? ( them )6. Ling Ling is a girl. ____ studies in a primary school. ______ brother lives with ___ and helps ____ with______ lessons. ( she )7. Mike is my classmate. ____ is good at English . ( his )8. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to ____ ? ( she )9. What’s the weather like today ? ____ is cloudy. ( its )二、用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空1. I ate all ____ sandwiches yesterday.( I ) Can I have one of ____ ? ( you )2. George has lost ____ ( his ) pen. Mary if(是否)she will lend him ____ . ( she )3. Jack has a dog and so have I. ____ ( he ) dog and ____ ( I ) had a fight (打架).4. The teacher wants you to return that book of ____ ( he )5. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of ____ are coming to see us. ( they )6. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of ____ . (we )三、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空A. 从括号内选择正确的代词填空1. Your football clothes are on the desk. Please put _________(they,them,their,theirs) away.2. (We,Us,Our,Ours)_________ English teacher is Mrs. Green.We all like _________(she,her,hers).3. (I,Me,My,Mine)_________ can’t get my kite. Could you help _________(I,me,my,mine)?4. Tom can’t get down from the tree.Can you help _________(he,him,his)?5.These are _________(he,him,his) planes.The white ones are _________(I,me,mine).6. We can’t find our bikes. Can you help _________(we,us,our,ours)?B. 填入正确的人称代词和物主代词1. This isn’t________knife. _________ is green. ( she )2. These are your books,Kate. Put __________ in the desk,please. (they )3. _______ must look after ________ things. ( you )4. Wei Fang,is that ________ ruler? Yes,it’s.( you )5. They want a football. Give __________ the green one,please. ( they)6. It’s Lin Tao’s bag. Give it to __________. ( he )7. Is this pencil-box Li Lei’s? No,___________ is very new. ( he )8. This box is too heavy. I can’t carry _________. ( it )Don’t worry,Let __________( I ) help __________. ( you)9. _____ is a boy _____ name is Mike. Mike’s friends like _____ very much. ( he )10. My sister is in _____ room. _____ is a teacher. ( she )11. Jane is a little girl. _____ mother is a nurse. ( she )12. We are in _____ classroom. _____ classroom is big. ( we)13. My father and mother are teachers. _____ are busy ( them)14. You are a pupil. Is _____ brother a pupil, too? ( you )四、用括号中的适当形式填空(1)Are these ________(you)pencils? Yes, they are ________(our).(2)—Whose is this pencil? —It’s ________(I).(3)I love ________(they)very much.(4)She is________(I)classmate.(5)Miss Li often looks after________(she)brother.(6)—Are these ________(they)bags ?—No, they aren’t ________(their). They are ________(we).五、根据句意用适当的人称代词、物主代词填空:1. Mary works in a book store. _____ likes ______work very much.2. John and I are in the same school. ______ go to school together.3. Everybody likes that sport, do ______?4. She is a friend of _______ . We got to know each other two years ago.5. Her sister makes all ______ own dresses.6. I have many friends. Some of_______are good at English.7. May I use ______ bike? ______is broken.六、选择填空( )1. Who’s singing over there ? — ________ is Sandy’s sister.A. ThatB. ItC. SheD. This( )2. ________ will spend the summer holiday in Hawaii.A. She, you and IB. You, she and IC. I, you and sheD. Her, me and you ( )3. My uncle bought a new bike for ________.A. theirsB. theyC. meD. I( )4. Here’s a postcard for you, Jim! — Oh, ________ is from my friend, Mary.A. heB. itC. sheD. it’s( )5. Little Baby knows that he should not take the things that do not belong to __ ______. A. he B. his C. her D. him( )6. Is she your aunt? Yes, __________.A. she’sB. her isC. she isD. he is( )7. Are __________ coats yours? Yes, they are .A. theyB. theseC. thisD. there( )8. Is that __________ uncle? No, it isn’tA. heB. sheC. herD. hers( )9. The children heard _______ on the island.A.something strangeB. anything strangeC. strange somethingD. strange anything( ) 10. I have three pens. One is red, _______ two are black.A.anotherB. otherC. the otherD. the others ( ) 11. I asked Jim and Bob to my house for a meal, but _______ of them came.A. bothB. norC. noneD. neither ( ) 12. The man has two sons, and _______ of them are strong. One is tall and _______ is short.A.All, anotherB. Neither, the otherC. Both, anotherD. Both, the other( ) 13. The man downstairs found _______ very difficult to get to sleep.A.thatB. themC. itD. its ( ) 14. He can speak _______ French, but not _______.A.some, muchB. any, muchC. much, manyD. many, any ( ) 15. Mr. Smith is an old friend of _______.A. IB. meC. myD. mine ( ) 16. Tom is here and a friend of _______ is here, too.A.his fatherB. his father’sC. he’s fatherD. he father( ) 17. He fell off the ladder but he didn’t hurt _______.A. herselfB. hisC. himD. himself( ) 18. Lucy runs faster than _______ in her class.A.any other girlsB. any of the other girlC. the other girlD. any other ( ) 19. They are both good at English, but _______ of them is good at maths.A.bothB. eitherC. allD. neither ( ) 20. Is _______ here today? No, Li Lei isn’t here.A.someoneB. somebodyC. everyoneD. anyone ( ) 21. The boys and girls seemed to enjoy _______ in the park.A.themselvesB. themC. theyD. their( ) 22. This apple is delicious. Give me _______ one, please.A. the otherB. anotherC. othersD. other( ) 23. _______ likes maths, but both of them like music.A. Neither of himB. Neither of themC. Both of themD. Both of the two( ) 24. There are fifty students in our class. Some are from the USA, and ____ are from China.A.anotherB. the otherC. othersD. other( ) 25. You can borrow my bike, but you mustn’t lend it to _______.A. othersB. otherC. the otherD. the others( ) 26. We study Chinese, English and some _______ subjects.A. the otherB. otherC. anotherD. others ( )27. Tom studies better than _______ of the other boys in his class.A. someB. mostC. anyD. one ( ) 28. _______ has taken my pen by m istake. I can’t find it.A.NobodyB. EverybodyC. SomebodyD. Anyone ( ) 29. Tom made _______ mistakes in his test.A. anyB. oneC. noD. another ( ) 30. If you need a ruler, I’ll len d you _______.A.oneB. someC. the oneD. another ( ) 31. How much _______ do the workers in that factory produce a day?A.bicycleB. cakeC. breadD. machine ( ) 32. _______ of the students in our class has new books.A.AllB. EachC. BothD. Every ( ) 33. They got a Christmas tree and it was _______ ours.A.so tall asB. so taller asC. as tall asD. as taller as ( )34. Lily asked Jim, Bob and Tom to her house for a meal, but _______ of them came. A. both B. nor C. none D. neither ( ) 35. The weather in Guangzhou is hotter than _______ in Harbin.A.thatB. itC. thisD. one ( ) 36. The old man has two sons. But _______ of them lives with him.A. bothB. noneC. neitherD. all ( )37. They were all very tired, but _______ of them would like to have a rest.A.bothB. allC. neitherD. neither ( ) 38. There are twenty students in the room. Nine of them are girls and _______ are boys.A.the otherB. the othersC. otherD. others ( )39. ---- Which would you like to eat, bread or Sandwiches? _______ is OK.A.AllB. BothC. NoneD. Either( )40. To say is one thing, to do is _______.A.oneB. otherC. the otherD. another( ) 41. He knows _______ French but he has _______ French friends.A.little, fewB. few, littleC. a little, fewD. a few, little( ) 42. _______ are on the school football team.A.I, you and heB. He, you and IC. You, he and ID. You, he and me( ) 43. Open the door, please! It’s _______.A.IB. myC. mineD. me( ) 44. Mr. Smith has four sisters, one is in London, but _______ are in Liverpool.A. anotherB. othersC. the other onesD. the others( ) 45. These shoes are too small. Do you have larger _______?A.someB. themC. onesD. those( ) 46. There i s _______ time left. We must be late if we don’t hurry.A.littleB. a littleC. fewD. a few( ) 47. I’ve never seen _____ fool, he is ___ foolish.B.such a; so B. so; soC. so a ; such( ) 48. Lucy was making ____ much noise this time yesterday. Do you think ___?A. such a; soB. so; soC. so ; such( ) 49. Bob can’t sing and ___________. A. so can his sisterC.neither can his sister C. his sister can’t, tooD. so his sister can( ) 50.Do you know the man ____ is talking to your father now?A. whoB. whichC. whoseD. whom七、用适当的人称代词填空:1. __________ is my aunt. We often visit __________. ( she )2. China is a developing country. _________is in the east of Asia. ( its )3. What day is __________ today? — __________ is Thursday. (its)5. I own a blue bike. The red one isn’t __________. ( I )6. These new houses are so nice. __________ are very expensive.( them )7. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didn’t __________? ( them )8. Ling Ling is a girl. ____ studies in a primary school. ______ brother lives with____ and helps ____ with______ lessons. ( she )9. Mike is my classmate. ____ is good at English . ( his )10. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to ____ ? ( she )11. What’s the weather like today ? ____ is cloudy. ( its )一、请将下列代词分类,并写出汉语意思。