商务英语考证认证(一级)辅导翻译练习答案

1、从合同生效之日起到合同终止的期间内，双方每年举行一次正式会晤，一边讨论合同执行中存在的问题，以及就技术改进与创新问题进行交流，为进一步的技术合作奠定基础。

双方的会晤轮流在两国举行。

讨论的内容和结论载入备忘录中。

每方参加人员不得超过5人，费用自理。

2、如果合同一方未能在合同规定的时限内履行合同义务，并在收到未违约方的通知后15天内未能消除违约或采取补救措施，而且在被允许推迟履行的期限内未履行合同，在此情形下，未违约的一方应书面通知违约方解除合同，同时有权要求违约方赔偿损失。

Exercise 2（1）单单是去年一年的时间，美元已经升值了10%，这与2019年至2019年的亚洲金融危机期间的升值幅度差不多。

（2）美国经济的减速很可能更加支持人们对美元的信心。

2）（1）汇率变动对进口价格的影响取决于柜内市场需求的强度。

（2）事实上，今年美国的出口已经有显著增长，长期以来首次超过了进口。

1、当事人一方不履行合同义务或者履行合同义务不符合约定的，在履行义务或采取补救措施后，对方还有其他损失的，应当赔偿损失。

2、发行机构本事业务需要发行债券的，所筹资金必须按批准的用途使用，债券本息的偿还自行负责。

3、清关手续有住所在该国的一方或其代表办理，这通常是可取的。

因此，出口商通常应该办理出口清关手续，进口商应办理进口清关手续。

Exercise 21、政治稳定指的是………the degree of conflict and cooperation within a particular nation and between that nation and others.2、在最近的一次研究中，研究者发现如果一国冲突不断……相反，如果一国合作程度很高，那么公司用于市场营销行为的投资就会多。

…firms made fewer investments in marketing activities.3、市场营销者普遍认为，如果一国的政治关系良好，那么他们所做的努力就会有更多成功的机会。

Translation for your referenceUnit OneWe must be courageous enough to venture on experiments as far as reforms are concerned. A certain amount of risk-taking is necessary. Who dares to claim that he is 100 percent sure of success right from the beginning without taking any risk? There is no such thing as certainty. I have never had such notions as thinking I am 100 percent correct. Every year leaders should review what they have done so as to hold to what works and discard what does not, or take immediate corrective steps. We should lose no time in tackling them whenever new problems arise. No one can afford the luxury of slow decision-making, whether it involves fighting a battle or making a reform. In many cases, you need to take a chance, and correct your mistakes as you go along. I am afraid that it may take another 30 years to establish a set ofmore mature and more consistent system in all fields, under which all policies will be more consistent, too.Translation for your reference for Unit 2 GE is a diversified technology, manufacturing and services company committed to achieving worldwide leadership in each of our 12 businesses. We have a long and proud history of doing business here in China. As early as 1910, GE began to develop trade with China and was considered one of the most active and influential foreign enterprises in China. GE activities included not only product sales, but also manufacturing of light bulbs and investments in power plants. In 1917,GE installed two steam turbines on Chongming Island at the mouth of the Yangtze River. When these machines were finally retired in 1992 after 75 years of service, they were believed to be the oldest operating units in the world.We were there for China then and we are certainly here now. Today, all of GE’s major businesses are active in China partners. GE Power Systems, one business department, has continued to expand its presence with offices in Beijing, Shanghai, Harbin, Chendu, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Hong Kong. In addition, we have formed valued technology relationships with a number of Chinese companies. Few areas of the world are growing as rapidly as China and with that growth comes an ever-increasing need for the power to fuel it. At GE we want to bethought of not simply a supplier of power equipment and services but as China’s growth partner. We are confident that we have the necessary resources, expertise and most importantly technologies that best position us to serve this broad market.We also recognize that the technologies used in China must not simply provide power but must do so in a manner that is in concert with the goal of preserving her rich natural resources of coal reserves, natural gas and water. As technology leader in steam, gas and hydropower, GE possesses the perfect match for China’s energy needs and environmental goals.GE Power Systems is one of GE’s major businesses and is the world’s leading supplier of power generation technology, energy services and energy management systems. It contributed nearly 10 percentof GE’s $90.8 billion of 1997 revenues. Power Systems is major part of the GE portfolio and employs more than22,000 people staffing our global manufacturing and service network as well as our sales and engineering offices around the world.Today, GE Power Systems continues to strengthen our role as a long time supplier of power equipment for projects in China. For example, during the past two years, GE Power Systems has announced orders in China totaling more than seven gigawatts. Including projects already under construction, new plants featuring GE technology will and more than 12 gigawatts of electrical power capacity in China over the next several years.GE places tremendous value on its role helping to provide clean and efficient power for China. Our relationship goesback many years and has many instances of proud successes in virtually all forms of power generation. We have been working with China for many decades and we have learned just as much from you as you have from us. GE is committed to continuing partnership with China.Unit 31.Brand is a major issue in product strategy. On the one hand, developing a branded product requires a great deal of long-term investment, especially for advertising, promotion, and packaging. Many brand-oriented companies subcontract manufacturing to other companies. Taiwanese manufacturers make a great amount of the world’s clothing and consumer electronics, but not under Taiwanese brand names.If a company treats a brand only as a name, it misses the point. The branding challenge is to develop a deep set of positive associations for the brand. Marketers must decide at which levels to anchor the brand’s identity. One mistake would be to promote only attributes. First, the buyer is not as interested in attributes as in benefits. Second, competitors can easily copy attributes. Third, the current attributes may become less desirable later. The most enduring meanings of a brand are its values, culture, and personality. They define the brand’s essence.2. Tabellae Qingchunbao( Anti-aging tablets)Name of product: Anti-Aging Tablet Effects and Indications:1.Increase mental capacity, soothe nervesand strengthen vigor of thinking;2.Contribute to anti-fatigue, maintainunflagging strength and improve suitability to all ill natural environment;3.Enhance faculties of nonspecificimmunity and build up resistance to diseases;4.Strengthen heart functions, improvenourishment to cardiac muscles, prevent or reduce coronary heart diseases. Notes: The tablets are scientifically and carefully prepared with traditional Chinese herbs on the basis of the prescription of Yongle Imperial Hospital of the Ming Dynasty. No hormone. No undersirable side effects have been observed with constant taking of the tablets.3. Kweichou MoutaiThis Kweichou Moutai 38%(V/V), one of the Kweichou Moutai liquor series, is well known for its top quality in China. It isdistilled with traditional methods combined with advanced scientific processes. It possesses a unique flavor which features fantastically mellow, with a lingering enjoyable aftertaste. To add chilled water or ice to it will not change its crystal clearness. Moutai 3*% V/V enjoys a great fame throughout the world.4. Translate the following sentences1) Guangzhou, the ideal place forgourmets./Guangzhou, a paradise for eating/ East or West, Guangzhou cuisine is the best.2) Applying “Dabao” morning and nightmakes skincare a real delight/ “Dabao”morning and night makes skincare a real delight/ Want to gain an ideal complexion? Use “Dabao”with no hesitation.3) Double Star takes you afar.4) Bird handsets----as powerful as fighters5) Wise men prefer to live near water,Good men near mountains./ Gentlemen prefer the mountain, wise men the fountain. / The benevolent are close to the mountain, the wise are close to the water.Unit 41. Today’s marketers, of course, face a few tough decisions. But today’s marketplace is enormously more complex. Domestic markets, at one time safe from foreign invaders, are now happy hunting grounds of giant global corporations as well as global niche specialists. Major strides in technology have considerably shortened time and distance: New products are launched at an astonishing pace and are available worldwide in a short time. Communications media are proliferating.New distribution channels and formats keep appearing. Competitors are everywhere---and hungry.This new world is also characterized by an amazingly rich information environment. Consumers are usually to increase their expectations for product quality and services. More and more people tend to buy goods via the Internet. Consumers will be able to access objective information on competing brands, including costs, prices, features, and quality, without relying on individual manufacturers or retailers. In many cases, they will be able to specify the customized features they want. They will even be able to specify the prices they are willing to pay, and wait for the most eager sellers to respond. The result is a dramatic shift of economic power from sellers to buyers.Savvy companies recognize that a major revolution is taking place in markets and marketing. More companies today are striving for leadership in specific markets instead of accepting second-rate positions in mass markets. Companies are emphasizing retaining customers rather than simply acquiring new ones. Companies are expanding their offering mix in a bid for customers, but not merely for the size of the market share and companies will identify the most profitable customers, and give them them extraordinary service. Companies are basing their decisions on customer lifetime value rather than on immediate profit maximizatioin.2 The Founding of HongyaZhang Weida graduated from Department of Garments. College of Light Industry three years ago and has worked for a textiles company ever since. Highly regarded by his boss for his outstanding performance at work, he got a promotion last year and became a departmental manager. It is likely that he will make another move up the ladder and become a vice president of a division. However, he always felt that he was nobody but a hired hand “making bridal dresses for others.” At a schoolmates’ reunion party, he found that Cheng Hao, the most gifted student of his class and now a deputy division chief of the Municipal Commission of Economy and Trade, was not content with his status either. After several long and in-depth talks, they decided to resign together and set up a fashion shop of their own.They named their shop Hongya, withZhang Weida as President and Cheng Hao Vice President. The start-up capital was 70,000 yuan, of which 30,000 yuan was contributed by Zhang and 10,000 by Cheng, and the balance borrowed/loaned from a bank. They decided to start with retailing. Buying is mainly the responsibility of Zhang, and he often visits Guangzhou and Shanghai for purchasing. Cheng, in charge of selling, basically works in the shop, although occasionally also does some purchasing.Zhang closely follows fashion trends and market demands, and the goods he purchases are sold out as soon as they are brought into the shop. Within 6 months, the two of them have already made 30,000 yuan, enough to pay back the bank loan. Encouraged by the booming business, they have decided to enlarge the business space by taking over/acquiring the tea shop nextdoor whose business is dull/slack. Zhou Husheng, the owner of the tea shop was reluctant to sell his business outright, but agreed to value the shop at 30,000 yuan and invest the money in Honya. Besides, he decided not to take pa rt in Hongya’s day-to-day management, because he is not familiar with the fashion business. In return, however, he asked for 21% of Hongya’s profit, saying that 21% is about half of his share of Hongya’s equity. Having weighed the pros and cons, Zhang and Cheng agree to/consented to Zhou’s request and sign an agreement with him to that effect.After the expansion, Hongya has hired several more shop assistants and had a pretty girl as a shopping guide at the shop entrance. The sales, however, have not gone up as much as expected. Puzzled and eager to find out why, Zhang and Cheng have talked with several customers who used tofrequent the shop. One of them says the shop’s selection follows the trends blindly and has not feature of its own. She adds that sometimes she can find a favorite dress by chance, but other times the shop is full of dresses which have no taste at all and the prices are too low to show class. Another complains that, while the selection is occasionally good, sometimes the prices are on the high end and the designs look weird. Such dresses might be good for fashion shows but are not fit for practical, daily wear. Other customers have expressed similar feelings.The two young owners have become anxious, because they have realized that, in buying merely following the trend or their own intuition cannot guarantee success/does not work any more. But what kind of goods should they buy? Or to put it another way, what kind of customers shouldthey serve?During their college days, they recall, they once took a course called Marketing of Fashions, which somewhat covered issues of a similar nature. The following day, Zhang rushed to the college to consult Mr. Zhao, the teacher of that course.After synthesizing the information they collected and the suggestions from Mr.Zhao, Hongya repositions itself in the market. It will cater to the mainstream customers in design, and price will be set basically within the middle range. But Zhang and Cheng differ in pricing strategy. Zhang believes that the prices should be differentiated even for medium-priced goods. The markup may be 40% for most of the goods, but for a small amount of the goods, the markup could be 60% to 100%. Such a strategy will not only increase theprofit margin, but also enhance the shop’s image, because many customers believe that goods of low price cannot be high in quality and goods of high quality cannot be low in price. There are customers who even feel degraded if they buy goods of low price.Cheng, on the other hand, feels that toda y’s customers are smart shoppers who make their purchase only after careful comparisons of different sellers. Hongya will be in great trouble if it is found ripping–off its customers. Therefore, he believes, the markup should not be too high. In addition, one or two items should be earmarked as the buy of the day and given a lot of publicity in front of the shop in order to promote the sales of other items. If the overall sales grow, the overall profits will also go up.Unit 51 坚持和完善以公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度，毫不动摇地巩固和发展公有制经济毫不动摇地鼓励、支持和应引导个体、私营等非公有制经济发展。

全国商务英语考试2020一级6月A卷答案一、翻译下列短语。

(每小题1分，共计10分)1. 规避风险____________ [填空题] *空1答案：risk-averse2. 首期付款____________ [填空题] *空1答案：down payment3. 私家旧货出售____________ [填空题] *空1答案：Private secondhand sale4. 生产周期____________ [填空题] *空1答案：product time5. 产品销售员____________ [填空题] *空1答案：product merchandiser6. Malicious attack____________ [填空题] *空1答案：恶意攻击7. go to all lengths____________ [填空题] *空1答案：全力以赴8. People who can solve difficulties____________ [填空题] *空1答案：能解决困难的人9. Meeting package____________ [填空题] *空1答案：会议套餐10. Target market ____________ [填空题] *空1答案：目标市场二、选择正确的词的代码填入下列句子中。

(每题2分，共计20分)A. refrain fromB. reach out toC. identify withD. put out all the stopsE. rent outF. on trackG. Not only H. frustrateI. come across J. taking in1. ________did he complain about the food, but also refused to pay for it. [填空题] *空1答案：G2. What are some of the difficulties one is likely to ___________in this transformation process. [填空题] *空1答案：I3. They made preparation to_____________ the conspiracy. [填空题] *空1答案：H4. She _______________scolding her child until the visitors left. [填空题] *空1答案：A5. When you’re looking for a job, you could ___________your network. [填空题] *空1答案：B6. I believe that most readers will__________ the author. [填空题] *空1答案：C7. I am innocent. I’m going to ____________to prove it. [填空题] *空1答案：D8. He had to____________ his house in Seattle to make mortgage payment. [填空题] *空1答案：E9. We made a great effort to get our company back ___________. [填空题] *空1答案：F10. The scholar attaches importance to getting rid of the stale and_______ the fresh. [填空题] *空1答案：J三、从选项中选择句子中划线部分的词相对应的词。

一级笔译真题及答案作为一名笔译爱好者，做到每年参加一次CATTI一级考试已经成为了我必修的任务之一。

而每次考试结束后，最期待的就是考试的真题和答案了。

今天，我想和大家分享一下2021年CATTI 一级笔译的真题及答案。

下面我将按照考试内容的三个部分——听力、翻译和写作，来分别为大家介绍真题和答案，希望对考生们有所帮助。

听力部分听力部分分为两个阶段，分别是短对话和长对话。

接下来，我将为大家介绍2021年一级笔译听力的真题和答案。

短对话：1. What is the woman planning to do this weekend?A. Go to the libraryB. Attend a partyC. Visit her parentsD. Watch TVAnswer: D. Watch TV2. What did the man forget to bring to the meeting?A. The agendaB. The reportC. The projectorD. The laptopAnswer: A. The agenda长对话：Passage 1:Woman: Hi, China Resources Supermarket. How may I help you?Man: Hi, I am calling to ask if you have any special offers on fruits this week.Woman: Yes, we do. We have a lot of fresh fruits on sale this week, such as apples, bananas, and oranges. And if you buy more than 5kg, you can get an additional 10% discount.Man: That sounds great. Can you tell me how much the apples are per kilogram?Woman: Sure. The regular price of apples is 8 yuan per kg. But with the discount, it would be only 7.2 yuan per kg.Man: I see. Is there any limit on the amount of fruits I can buy?Woman: No, there is no limit. But the promotion only lasts for this week.Man: OK, thank you for your help.Woman: You're welcome. Have a nice day!Passage 2:Woman: Hi, I want to book a flight to London for next Saturday.Man: Sure. What is your departure city?Woman: I will leave from Shanghai.Man: Great. Which airport do you want to depart from? Pudong International Airport or Hongqiao International Airport?Woman: I prefer Pudong International Airport.Man: OK. Would you like to depart in the morning or in the afternoon?Woman: In the morning, please.Man: Let me have a look. There are two flights leaving from Pudong International Airport in the morning, one at 8:30 and the other at 10:00. Which one do you prefer?Woman: I prefer the 8:30 flight.Man: OK. Just to let you know, the fare for this flight is 3,500 yuan for economy class, and 7,900 yuan for business class.Woman: I see. I'll take the economy class.Man: Great. Let me confirm your booking details. Your flight will depart from Pudong International Airport at 8:30 am on Saturday, and you will arrive at Heathrow Airport in London at 2:00 pm local time.Woman: Perfect. Thank you for your help.Man: You're welcome. Have a safe trip.翻译部分翻译部分分为两篇文章，一个是英译汉，另一个是汉译英。

Unit11) 从合同生效之日起到合同终止期间，双方每年举行一次正式会晤，以便讨论合同执行中存在的问题，以及就技术发展与改进问题进行交流，为进一步技术合作奠定基础。

双方的会晤轮流在两国举行。

讨论的内容和结论载入备忘录。

每方与会人员不得超过5人，费用自理。

2) 如果合同一方未能在合同规定的时限内履行合同义务，并在收到未违约方通知后15天内未能消除违约或采取补救措施，而且在被允许延长期内未履行合同，在此情形下，未违约方应书面通知违约方解除合同，同时有权向违约方索赔。

1) 从合同生效之日起到合同终止期间，双方每年举行一次正式会晤，以便讨论合同执行中存在的问题，以及就技术发展与改进问题进行交流，为进一步技术合作奠定基础。

双方的会晤轮流在两国举行。

讨论的内容和结论载入备忘录。

每方与会人员不得超过5人，费用自理。

2) 如果合同一方未能在合同规定的时限内履行合同义务，并在收到未违约方通知后15天内未能消除违约或采取补救措施，而且在被允许延长期内未履行合同，在此情形下，未违约方应书面通知违约方解除合同，同时有权向违约方索赔。

1）①仅进去年一年时间，美元升值已经超过10%，这与1997年至1998年的亚洲金融危机期间的升值幅度差不多。

②美国经济的减速很可能更加支持人们对美元的信心。

2）①汇率变动对于进口价格的影响取决于国内市场需求的强度。

②事实上，今年美国的出口已经有显著增长，长期以来首次超过了进口。

1）当事人一方不履行合同义务或者履行合同义务不符合约定的，在履行义务或者采取补救措施后，对方还有其他损失的，应当赔偿损失。

2）对发行机构本身业务需要发行债券的，所筹资金必须按批准的用途使用，债券本息的偿还自行负责。

3）报关手续由住所在该国的一方或其代表办理，这通常是可取的。

因此，出口商通常应办理出口报关手续，进口商应办理进口报关手续。

1) 世界贸易组织于1995年成立，是年轻的国际组织之一。

世界贸易组织的前身是关贸总协定，成立于第二次世界大战结束时期。

商务英语翻译习题答案第一篇：商务英语翻译习题答案Unit 1 Exercise 11、从合同生效之日起到合同终止的期间内，双方每年举行一次正式会晤，一边讨论合同执行中存在的问题，以及就技术改进与创新问题进行交流，为进一步的技术合作奠定基础。

双方的会晤轮流在两国举行。

讨论的内容和结论载入备忘录中。

每方参加人员不得超过5人，费用自理。

2、如果合同一方未能在合同规定的时限内履行合同义务，并在收到未违约方的通知后15天内未能消除违约或采取补救措施，而且在被允许推迟履行的期限内未履行合同，在此情形下，未违约的一方应书面通知违约方解除合同，同时有权要求违约方赔偿损失。

Exercise 2（1）单单是去年一年的时间，美元已经升值了10%，这与1997年至1998年的亚洲金融危机期间的升值幅度差不多。

（2）美国经济的减速很可能更加支持人们对美元的信心。

2）（1）汇率变动对进口价格的影响取决于柜内市场需求的强度。

（2）事实上，今年美国的出口已经有显著增长，长期以来首次超过了进口。

Unit 2 Exercise 1 当事人一方不履行合同义务或者履行合同义务不符合约定的，在履行义务或采取补救措施后，对方还有其他损失的，应当赔偿损失。

发行机构本事业务需要发行债券的，所筹资金必须按批准的用途使用，债券本息的偿还自行负责。

清关手续有住所在该国的一方或其代表办理，这通常是可取的。

因此，出口商通常应该办理出口清关手续，进口商应办理进口清关手续。

Exercise 2 政治稳定指的是………the degree of conflict and cooperatio n within a particular nation and between that nation and others.2、在最近的一次研究中，研究者发现如果一国冲突不断……相反，如果一国合作程度很高，那么公司用于市场营销行为的投资就会多。

…firms made fewer investments in marketing activities.3、市场营销者普遍认为，如果一国的政治关系良好，那么他们所做的努力就会有更多成功的机会。

Unit 1 GlobalizationIV.Translation1.Sentence Translation1) 这一雄心勃勃的策略是对来自新兴市场的激烈竞争做出的回应。

2)虽然与印度的低成本模式相适应的意愿是非常重要的因素，但是嘉能·布鲁克先生强调，IBM 对于新兴市场的兴趣已经不仅仅是其廉价的劳动力了。

3) IBM 也表示，它能够很好地对付长期困扰新兴市场中跨国公司的知识产权问题，并在印度和中国建立了最先进的研究实验室。

4)我们先找出该国最重要的一些行业，然后带着提升这些行业的整体策略去跟他们洽谈，利用我们的技术帮助他们达到国际标准。

5)公司还希望能和中国200 个二线城市的地方政府建立起合作关系。

这200 个二线城市，每一个城市将至少有一百万人口，从电力供应到飞机场方方面面都需要发展。

Unit 2 Film IndustryIV.Translation1. Sentence Translation1)哈利·波特的故事从爱丁堡的一个单身母亲脑海中诞生，到成为全球大众传媒特许经营的商品，这段旅程本身也是一个童话。

2)没错，这是一个灰姑娘的故事——一开始高贵被忽略，一个偶然的机会被慧眼所识，最终成就了无尽的财富。

3)实际上，“哈利·波特”系列就是一座冰山。

每一部新书的问世都会把新的读者吸引到这个系列，就像滚雪球一般增大前几部书的销量。

4) 《哈利·波特》的例子表明，创新实验之所以得以实现是因为制作的诸多方面都实行了严格的控制。

5) 伟大的传媒产品总会引领潮流。

《星球大战》告诉电影公司：玩具也能赚钱。

《哈利·波特》给出版商上了一课：儿童和成年人要一并吸引。

Unit 4 Information TechnologyIV.Translation1.Sentence Translation1)一月份发布会之前，公众的期待就被煽动得无比高涨，即便是依照乔布斯自己的苛刻标准，这也是不寻常的。

商务英语翻译试题（一）Ⅰ词汇测试题：（2题，每题10分，共20分）1．该组有10个商务英语英文词或词组，下面均有英文词或词组来进行解释。

请将正确的选项标出，要求英英转换意义准确，符合商务英语规范。

（10分）(1) to concludeA. to give one’s place to eachB. to end or judge after some considerationC. to explainD. to contain(2) to enforceA. to break or act against a lawB. to cause a law or rule to be obeyedC. to prevent movement from happeningD. to direct something into a particular place(3) to appointA. to take back propertyB. to meet someone’s needsC. to choose someone officially for a jobD. to claim for something(4) to approveA. to abide byB. to comply withC. to have a positive opinionD. to come up with(5) obviateA. to violateB. to remove a difficulty, to avoidC. to allow sb to doD. to be apparent(6) to violateA. to break or act against a law, principleB. to beat or threaten someoneC. to obey a lawD. to cause a rule to be obeyed.(7) with respect toA. comply withB. in relation toC. conform toD. coincide with(8) to entertain a clientA. to cater forB. to treat sb. at the tableC. to launch a productD. to shorten a vacation(9) temptationA. trying to attract peopleB. to encourage the popularity, sales and developmentC. to allow the value of money to varyD. to judge or decide the amount(10) advanceA. to support by giving moneyB. to go or move sth. forward, to develop or improveC. to improve or increaseD. to produce or provide2. 该组有10个商务英语英文词或词组，下面均有汉语词或词组来进行解释，请将正确项选出，要求英汉转换意义准确，符合商务英语规范。

⼀级英语笔译测试题及答案 初级笔译证书证明持有⼈能够就⼀般难度的材料进⾏英汉互译，能够胜任⼀般性⽂件或商务等⽅⾯材料的翻译⼯作。

下⾯是店铺分享的⼀级英语笔译测试题，希望能帮到⼤家! 英译汉 Return to print allays bookseller fears of digital apocalypse Five years ago, the book world was seized by collective panic over the uncertain future of print. As readers migrated to new digital devices, e-book sales soared, increasing 1,259 per cent between 2008 and 2010, alarming booksellers that watched consumers use their stores to find titles they would later buy online. Print sales dwindled, bookstores struggled to stay open, and publishers and authors feared that cheaper e-books would cannibalise their business. Then in 2011, the industry's fears were realised when Borders declared bankruptcy. "E-books were this rocket ship going straight up," said Len Vlahos, a former executive director of the Book Industry Study Group, a nonprofit research group that tracks the publishing industry. "Just about everybody you talked to thought we were going the way of digital music." But the digital apocalypse never arrived, or at least not on schedule. While analysts once predicted that e-books would overtake print by 2015, digital sales have instead slowed sharply. Now, there are signs that some e-book adopters are returning to print or becoming hybrid readers who toggle between devices and paper. E-book sales fell by 10 per cent in the first five months of this year, according to the Association of American Publishers, which collects data from nearly 1,200 publishers. Digital books accounted last year for around 20 per cent of the market, roughly the same as a few years ago. E-books' declining popularity may signal that publishing, while not immune to technological upheaval, will weather the tidal wave of digital technology better than other forms of media, like music and television. E-book subscription services, modelled on companies like Netflix and Pandora, have struggled to convert book lovers into digital binge readers, and some have shut down. Sales of dedicated e-reading devices have plunged as consumers migrated to tablets and smartphones. And according to some surveys, young readers who are digital natives still prefer reading on paper. The surprising resilience of print has provided a lift to many booksellers. Independent bookstores, which were battered by the recession and competition from Amazon, are showing strong signs of resurgence. The American Booksellers Association counted 1,712 members with stores in 2,227 locations in 2015, up from 1,410 members with 1,660 locations five years ago. "The fact that the digital side of the business has levelled off has worked to our advantage," said Oren Teicher, chief executive of the American Booksellers Association. "It's resulted in a far healthier independent bookstore market today than we have had in a long time." Publishers, seeking to capitalise on the shift, are pouring money into their print infrastructures and distribution. Hachette added 20,000 square metres to its Indiana warehouse late last year, and Simon & Schuster is expanding its New Jersey distribution facility by 18,000 square metres. Penguin Random House has invested nearly $US100 million in expanding and updating its warehouses and speeding up distribution of its books. It added 34,000 square metres last year to its warehouse in Crawfordsville, Indiana, more than doubling the size of the warehouse. "People talked about the demise of physical books as if it was only a matter of time, but even 50 to 100 years from now, print will be a big chunk of our business," said Markus Dohle, the chief executive of Penguin Random House, which has nearly 250 imprints globally. Print books account for more than 70 per cent of the company's sales in the United States. The company began offering independent booksellers in 2011 two-day guaranteed delivery from November to January, the peak book buying months. Other big publishers, including HarperCollins, have followed suit. The faster deliveries have allowed bookstores to place smaller initial orders and restock as needed, which has reduced returns of unsold books by about 10 per cent. Penguin Random House has also developed a data-driven approach to managing print inventory for some of its largest customers, a strategy modeled on the way manufacturers like Procter & Gamble automatically restock soap and other household goods. The company now tracks more than 10 million sales records a day and sifts through them in order to make recommendations for how many copies of a given title a vendor should order based on previous sales. "It's a very simple thing; only books that are on the shelves can be sold," Dohle said. At BookPeople, a bookstore founded in 1970 in Austin, Texas, sales are up nearly 11 per cent this year over last, making 2015 thestore's most profitable year ever, said Steve Bercu, the co-owner. He credits the growth of his business, in part, to the stabilisation of print and new practices in the publishing industry, such as Penguin Random House's so-called rapid replenishment program to restock books quickly. "The e-book terror has kind of subsided," he said. Other independent booksellers agree that they are witnessing a reverse migration to print. "We've seen people coming back," said Arsen Kashkashian, a book buyer at Boulder Book Store in Boulder, Colorado. "They were reading more on their Kindle and now they're not, or they're reading both ways." Digital books have been around for decades, ever since publishers began experimenting with CD-ROMs, but they did not catch on with consumers until 2008, shortly after Amazon released the Kindle. The Kindle, which was joined by other devices like Kobo's e-reader, the Nook from Barnes & Noble and the iPad, drew millions of book buyers to e-readers, which offered seamless, instant purchases. Publishers saw huge spikes in digital sales during and after the holidays, after people received e-readers as gifts. But those double- and triple-digit growth rates plummeted as e-reading devices fell out of fashion with consumers, replaced by smartphones and tablets. Some 12 million e-readers were sold last year, a steep drop from the nearly 20 million sold in 2011, according to Forrester Research. The portion of people who read books primarily on e-readers fell to 32 per cent in the first quarter of 2015, from 50 per cent in 2012, a Nielsen survey showed. Higher e-book prices may also be driving readers back to paper. As publishers renegotiated new terms with Amazon in the past year and demanded the ability to set their own e-book prices, many have started charging more. With little difference in price between a $US12.99 e-book and a paperback, some consumers may be opting for the print version. On Amazon, the paperback editions of some popular titles, like The Goldfinch by Donna Tartt and All the Light We Cannot See by Anthony Doerr, are several dollars cheaper than their digital counterparts. Paperback sales rose by 8.4 per cent in the first five months of this year, the Association of American Publishers reported. Some publishing executives say the world is changing too quickly to declare that the digital tide is waning. "Maybe it's just a pause here," said Carolyn Reidy, the president and chief executive of Simon & Schuster. "Will the next generation want to read books on their smartphones, and will we see another burst come?" 汉译英： 中信银⾏成⽴于1987年，是中国改⾰开放中最早成⽴的新兴商业银⾏之⼀，是中国最早参与国内外⾦融市场融资的.商业银⾏，并以屡创中国现代⾦融史上多个第⼀⽽蜚声海内外，为中国经济建设做出了积极的贡献。

商务英语翻译试题 (一(1-5) BBCCB (6-10) ABAAB2. (1-5) CBCBD (6-10) BCABA)I词汇测试题：(2题，每题10分，共20分)1.该组有10个商务英语英文词或词组，下面均有英文词或词组来进行解释。

请将正确的选项标出，要求英英转换意义准确，符合商务英语规范。

(10分)(1)to concludeA.to give one's place to eachB.to end or ju dge after so me considera tionC. to e xplainD.to contain(2)to enfo rceA. to br eak or act a gainst a lawB. to ca use a law or rule to be obeyedC.to prevent mov ement from h appeningD.to dire ct something into a part icular place(3)to appo intA. to take back pr opertyB. to me et some one's needsC.to choose so meone offici ally for a j obD.to claim for something(4)to appro veA. to abi de byB.to comply wi thC. to hav e a positive opinionD. to come u p with(5)obviateA. to violateB. to remove a d讦ficulty, to avoidC・ to allow sb to do D. to b e apparent(6)to violat eA. to br eak or act a gainst a law , principleB・ to beat or threaten someoneC.to obey a I awD. to cause a rul e to be obey ed.(7)with respect toA. comply wi thB.in relation toC.conf orm toD. coi ncide with(8)to entert ain a die ntA. to cater forB. to t reat sb. at the tableC • to launch a product D. to sh orten a vaca tion(9)temp tationA.try ing to attra ct peopleB.to encour age the popu larity, sale s and develo pmentC・ to allow the va lue of money to varyD.to judge or decide the a mount(10)a dvaneeA. to support by giving moneyB・ to go or move sth. f orward, to d evelop or im prove C・ to i mprove or in crease D.to produce or provide2.该组有10个商务英语英文词或词组，下面均有汉语词或词组来进行解释, 请将正确项选出，要求英汉转换意义准确，符合商务英语规范。