党务名词英译

（第一课）讀中文做口譯中国政体与国策I. 中国共产党中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist Party of China中国共产党中央委员会总书记General secretary of the Central Party Committee中央政治局常务委员会Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CP中央书记处Secretariat of the Central Party Committee中央军事委员会Central Military Commission of the CPC (总后勤部the General Logistics Department) (第二炮兵司令部the Headquarters of the 2nd Artillery Corps) (中国人民警察the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force) (国民自卫队the Militia) 中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC中央宣传部Publicity Department, CCCPC中央统一战线部United Front Work Department, CCCPC中央对外联络部International Liaison Department, CCCPC中央政法委员会Committee of Political and Legislative Affairs, CCCPC中央党校Party School of the CPC中央档案馆Archives Bureau, CCCPCII. 中国人民政治协商会议the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会the National Committee of the CPPCC中国人民政治协商委员会地方委员会CPPCC Local CommitteesIII. 中华人民共和国中央政府the Central People’s Government of the PRC中华人民共和国主席President of PRC中央政府和地方各级政府the Central government and local governments at different levels直辖市Municipality 省会Provincial Capital 自治区Autonomous Region国家机构State Structure（1）全国人民代表大会the National People’s Congress (NPC)全国人大代表deputy to the NPC 全国人大代表团delegation of the NPC全国人大常务委员会委员长Chairman of the NPC Standing Committee全国人大主席团the NPC Presidium九届全国人大四次会议the Fourth Session of the Ninth National People's Congress人大代表资格审查委员会Deputy Credential Examination Committee人大秘书长Secretary-general of the NPC地方人民代表大会Local People’s Congress（2）国务院the State Council 国务院总理the Premier of the State Council 国务院副总理the Vice-Premier of the State Council国务委员the State Councilor 国务院部长the Minister中国银行行长Governor of the People’s Bank of Chi na审计署署长Auditor-General of the National Audit Office国务院所属机构（Ministries，Commissions，administrations and offices under the State Council）1. 外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs 国防部Ministry of National Defense公安部Ministry of Public Security 安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Supervision 民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部Ministry of Justice 财政部Ministry of Finance人事部Ministry of Personnel 水利部Ministry of Water Resources卫生部Ministry of Health 商务部Ministry of Commerce劳动保障部Ministry of Labor and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry2. 人口计生委State Population and Family Planning Commission发展改革委State Development and Reform Commission国防科工委State Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense国家民委State Ethnic Affairs Commission国资委Commission of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration银监会China Banking Regulatory Commission证监会China Securities Regulatory Commission保监会China Insurance Regulatory Commission电监会State Electricity Regulatory Commission3. 海关总局General Administration of Customs税务总局State Administration of Taxation工商总局State Administration for Industry and Commerce质检总局General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine环保总局State Environmental Protection Administration民航总局General Administration of Civil Aviation广电总局State Administration of Radio, Film and Television安全监管总局State Administration of Work Safety食品药品监管局State Food and Drug Administration国管局Government Offices Administration of the State Council烟草局State Tobacco Monopoly Administration外专局State Administration of Foreign Experts Affair保密局National Administration for the Protection of State Secrets统计局National Bureau of Statistics林业局State Forestry Administration旅游局National Tourism Administration知识产权局State Intellectual Property Office地震局China Earthquake Administration气象局China Meteorological Administration信访局State Bureau for Letters and Calls粮食局State Administration of Grain海洋局State Oceanic Administration测绘局State Bureau of Surveying & Mapping档案局State Archives Administration外汇局State Administration of Foreign Exchange新闻出版总署(版权局) General administration of Press and Publication(National Copyright Administration)4. 侨办Overseas Chinese Affairs Office 国研室Research Office港澳办Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office 新闻办Information Office法制办Legislative Affairs Office 台办Taiwan Affairs Office 社保基金会National Council for Social Security Fund自然科学基金会National Natural Science Foundation(3) a. 最高人民法院the Supreme People’s Court(SPC)最高人民法院院长the President of the SPC审判长the presiding judge审判委员会the Trial Committee 审判机关the Trial Organ第一刑事法庭the First Criminal Court 民事法庭the Civil Courtb.最高人民检察院the Supreme People’s Procuratorate最高人民检察院检察长the Procurator-general of the SPP最高人民检察院副检察长the Deputy Procurator-general(4)香港特别行政区政府Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region澳门特别行政区政府Government of the Macao Special Administrative Region(5).民主党派Democratic Party中国国民党革命委员会（民革）Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang中国民主同盟（民盟）China Democratic League中国民主建国会（民建）China Democratic National Construction Association中国民主促进会（民进）China Association Promoting Democracy中国农工民主党Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party中国致公党China Zhi Gong Dang 九三学社Jiu San Society台湾民主自治同盟（台盟）Taiwan Democratic self-government二．口译政治用语和国策宪法Constitution 国旗National flag: Red flag with five stars国徽National emblem: Tiananmen Gate-tower under five stars, encircled by ears of grain and with a gear wheel below国歌National anthem: March of the V olunteers 党章Party Constitution1. 党的三代中央领导集体创建了毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、江泽民“三个代表”重要思想，从而在民族独立和人民解放的基础上为中华民族的伟大复兴开启了建设有中国特色的社会主义的伟大事业。

COMMUNIST PARTY OF CHINA (CPC)中国共产党Central Co mmittee of the Co mmunist Party of China中国共产党中央委员会General Secretary总书记Member中央委员Alternate member中央候补委员Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee中共中央政治局Member of the Political Bureau政治局委员Alternate member of the Political Bureau政治局候补委员Member of the Standing Co mmittee of the Political Bureau 政治局常务委员会委员Secretariat of the CPC Central Co mmittee中央书记处Member of the Secretariat书记处书记Central Military Co mmission of the CPC中共中央军事委员会Chairman主席Vice-chairman副主席Central Co mmission for Discipline Inspectio n of the CPC 中国共产党中央纪律检查委员会Secretary书记Deputy Secretary副书记Member of the Standing Co mmittee常务委员会委员555 Units under the CPC Central Co mmittee中共中央直属机构General Office of the CPC Central Co mmittee中共中央办公厅Organizatio n Department of the CPC Central Co mmittee 中共中央组织部（中组部）Publicity Department of the CPC Central Co mmittee中共中央宣传部（中宣部）United Fro nt Wo rk Department of the CPC中共中央统一战线工作部Central Co mmittee中央统战部International Department of the CPC Central Co mmittee 中共中央对外联系部（中联部）Policy Research Office of the CPC Central Co mmittee中共中央政策研究室Taiwan Wo rk Office of the CPC Central Co mmittee中共中央台湾工作办公室International Co mmunication Office of the CPC CC中共中央对外宣传办公室Commissio n fo r Collecting Party Historical Data党史资料征集委员会People’s Daily人民日版社Directo r社长Editor-in-chief总编辑Compilation and Translation Bureau of the CPC Central Co mmittee中共中央编译局Party Histo ry Research Center of the CPC Central Committee中共中央党史研究室Party School of the CPC Central Co mmittee中共中央党校Work Co mmittee of the Central Go vernment Departments under the CPC Central Co mmittee 中共中央国家机关工作委员会Work Co mmittee of Departments under the CPC CC中共中央直属机关工作委员会Party Documents Research Office of the CPC Central Co mmittee中共中央文献研究室Central Archives中央档案室CPC Local Committees中国共产党地方党委Pro vincial (aut. regio nal, municipality) co mmittees of the CPC 中共省（自治区、直辖市）委员会（省委）Prefectural (aut. prefectural) co mmittees of the CPC中共地区（自治州）委员会（地委）City Co mmittee of the CPC中共市委员会（市委)District co mmittee of the CPC中共区委员会（区委）County co mmittee of the CPC中共县委员会（县委）Leading party members’ gro up党组Party branch党支部Party cell党小组DEMOCRATIC PARTIES民主党派Rev olutio nary Co mmittee of Guo mindang Central Co mmittee 中国国民党革命委员会（民革）China Democratic League Central Co mmittee中国民主同盟（民盟）China Democratic National Construction Association (CDNCA) 中国民主建国会（民建）China Associatio n for Pro mo ting Demo cracy (CAPD)中国民主促进会（民进）Chinese Peasants and Workers Demo cratic Party中国农工民主党（农工党）China Zhi Go ng Party (Public Interest Party)中国致公党（致公党）Jiu San （September 3）Central Co mmittee九三学社中央委员会全国人民代表大会NATIONAL PEOPLE’S CONGRESS (NPC)Standing Co mmittee of the NPC全国人民代表大会常委会Vice-chairman副委员长Secretary-General秘书长Deputy Secretary-General副秘书长Legislative Affairs Co mmissio n of the NPC Standing Co m. 全国人大常委会法制工作委员会Special Committees of the NPC全国人大专门委员会Ethnic Affairs Co mmittee of the NPC民族委员会Chairman主任委员Vice-chairman副主任委员Committee fo r Internal and Judicial Affairs内务司法委员会Educatio n, Science, Culture and Health Co mmittee 教育、科学、文化和卫生委员会Foreign Affairs Committee外事委员会Ov erseas Chinese Affairs Co mmittee华侨委员会Enviro nment and Resource Protection Co mmittee 环境与资源保护委员会Financial and Eco no mic Co mmittee财政经济委员会Legal Co mmittee法律委员会Agriculture and Rural Affairs Co mmittee农业与农村委员会Credentials Co mmittee代表资格审查委员会Bill Co mmittee法案委员会Local People’s Congresses地方人民代表大会District People’s Congress区人民代表大会Pro vincial People’s Congress省人民代表大会City People’s Co ngress市人民代表大会County (Auto no mous Co unty) People’s Co ngress县（自治县）人民代表达大会Township (Town) People Congress县（镇）人民代表大会Municipal People’s Congress直辖市人民代表大会Autono mo us Region People’s Congress自治区人民代表大会President and Vice-President of the PRC中华人民共和国主席、副主席Chinese People’s Political Consultative Co nference (CPPCC)中国人民政治协商会议Natio nal Co mmittee of the CPPCC政协全国委员会Standing Co mmittee of the CPPCC Natio nal Co mmittee常务委员会Subco mmittee fo r Handing Proposals of the CPPCC Natio nal Co m. 全国政协提案委员会Subco mmittee of Econo my全国政协经济委员会Subco mmittee of Human Resources and Enviro nment全国政协人口资源环境委员会Subco mmittee of Educatio n, Science, Culture, Health and Spo rts 全国政协教科文卫体委员会Subco mmittee of Social and Legal Affairs全国政协社会法制委员会Subco mmittee of Ethnic and Religio us Affairs全国政协民族宗教委员会Subco mmittee of Cultural and Histo rical Data全国政协文史资料委员会Subco mmittee of Ho ng Kong, Macao and Taiwan Co mpatrio ts 全国政协港澳台侨委员会Subco mmittee of Foreign Affairs国政协外事委员会Local Co mmittees of the CPCCC政协地方委员会Pro vincial (autono mo us regio nal, municipal) co mmittee省（自治区，直辖市）County (city) co mmittee县（市）委员会国务院STATE COUNCILPremier总理Vice-Premier副总理State Councilor国务委员Secretary-General of the State Co uncil国务院秘书长Deputy Secretary-General副秘书长Ministries and Co mmissio ns under the State Co uncil 国务院所属各部门Ministry of Foreign Affairs外交部Ministry of Natio nal Defense国防部State Development Planning Co mmission国家发展计划委员会Minister in charge of主任State Econo mic and Trade Co mmission国家经济贸易委员会Ministry of Education教育部Ministry of Science & Techno logy科学技术部Min. of Science, Technolo gy, & Industry for Natio nal Defense 国防科学技术工业委员会State Ethnic Affairs Co mmissio n国家民族事务委员会Ministry of Public Security公安部Ministry of State Security国家安全部Ministry of Supervision监察部Ministry of Civil Affairs民政部Ministry of Justice司法部Ministry of Finance财政部Ministry of Perso nnel人事部Ministry of Labo r and So cial Security劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Land and Reso urces国土资源部Ministry of Construction建设部Ministry of Railways铁道部Ministry of Co mmunicatio ns交通部Ministry of Information Industry信息产业部Ministry of Water Resource水利部Ministry of Agriculture农业部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Eco no mic Cooperation 对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Culture文化部Ministry of Health 卫生部State Family Planning Commissio n国家计划生育委员会People’s Bank of China中国人民银行Go v erno r行长Natio nal Audit Office审计署Audito r-General审计长Organizatio ns directly under the State Co uncil国务院直属机构General Administration of Custo ms中华人民共和国海关总署（海关总署）State Administration of Taxation国家税务总局（税务总局）State Enviro nmental Protectio n Administratio n 国家环境保护总局（环保总局）General Administration of Civil Aviation of China中国民用航空总局（民航总局）State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television国家广播电影电视总局（广电总局）State General Administration of Sport国家体育总局（体育总局）Natio nal Bureau of Statistics国家统计局（统计局）State General Administration of Press and Publication 新闻出版署(中华人民共和国国State Fo restry Administratio n国家林业局（林业局）State Intellectual Property Office国家知识产权局（知识产权局）Natio nal Tourism Administration国家旅游局（旅游局）State Administration of Religio us Affairs国家宗教局（宗教局）Counselo rs’ Office of the State Co uncil国务院参事室（参事室）Go v ernment Offices Administratio n of the State Co uncil国务院机关事务管理局(国管局)Functional Offices of the State Council国务院办事机构Ov erseas Chinese Affairs Office of the State Council国务院侨务办公室（侨办）Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of the State Co uncil 国务院港澳事务办公室(港澳办)Legislative affairs Office of the State Co uncil国务院法制办公室（法制办）Econo mic Restructuring Office of the State Council国务院经济体制改革办公室Research Office of the State Co uncil国务院研究室（国研室）Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council国务院台湾办公室（台办）Information Office of the State Co uncil国务院新闻办公室（新闻办）Units directly under the State Co uncil国务院直属事业单位Xinhua News Agency新华通讯社（新华社）Chinese Academy of Sciences国科学院（中科院）Chinese Academy of Social Sciences中国社会科学院（社科院）Chinese Academy of engineering中国工程院（工程院）Dev elopment Research Center of the State Council 国务院发展研究中心（发展研究中心）Natio nal School of Administration中国行政学院（行政学院）China Seismological Bureau中国地震局（地震局）China Meteoro logical Administration中国气象局（气象局）China Securities Regulato ry Co mmission中国证券监督管理委员会（证监会）Natio nal Co uncil for Social Security Fund全国社会保障基金理事会Natio nal Natural Science Foundation of China 国家自然科学基金委员会Bureaus under Ministries部委管理的国家局State Grain Administratio n国家粮食局（粮食局）State Tobacco Monopoly Administration国家烟草专卖局State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs 国家外国专家局（外专局）State Oceanic Administratio n国家海洋局（海洋局）State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping国家测绘局（测绘局）State Post Bureau国家邮政局（邮政局）State Administration of Cultural Heritage国家文物局（文物局）State Administration of Traditio nal Chinese Medicine国家中医药管理局（中医药局）State Administration of Foreign Exchange国家外汇管理局（外汇局）State Administration fo r Safe Production Supervisio n国家安全生产监督局State Letters and Co mplaints Bureau国家信访局State Archives Administration国家档案局Natio nal Administration fo r Protectio n of State Secrets 国家保密局。

马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、江泽民"三个代表"重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought,Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin "Three Represent's" important Thought新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China马克思主义政党Marxist political Party党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second\third)generation人民民主专政the people's democratic dictatorship国民经济体系national economic system综合国力aggregate national strength国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP)独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality.“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。

高考英语热点素材：“党员”的英语为什么是Party member等5则“党员”的英语为什么是Party member，而不是Communist？说到中国的今天和近现代历史，都必须会提到“中国共产党”。

“中国共产党”的官方英文译法是Communist Party of China，简称为CPC；国外有些新闻媒体偶尔也使用CCP 以及Chinese Communist Party 的说法，其实是不标准的。

在指“中国共产党”的成员时，不论是国内还是国外，都会使用Party member 的英文说法，很少使用Communist 这个词语。

把“党员”称为Party member 而不是Communist，很大程度上似乎是为了避免产生误解。

在英语文化中，Communist 经常会被理解为主张废除私有财产制度的人；而Communist 所产生的这种印象，是和中国共产党所坚持的社会主义制度截然不同的。

Communist 的两种含义英语中的Communist 这个词语，有两种含义，一种是 a member of a Communist Party，某个共产主义政党组织的成员，几乎总是把首字母大写，表示这是一个“Proper noun 专有名词”。

Communist 的另一种含义是，a person who believes in or supports communism，相信或支持共产主义这种经济社会制度的人。

这种含义的communist，除非是位于句子开头，大多会采用全部小写的形式，视为“Common noun 普通名词”。

在英语文化中，绝大多数人都对全部小写的普通名词communist 怀有很大成见，会本能地产生反对和排斥心理。

“教父”中的communist之所以如此，是因为在英语文化中，人们普遍认为“Property 私有财产”是整个社会不可缺少的根本制度；而communist 被认为主张实施财产完全公有制、试图废除存在了几千年的Property 制度。