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新教材高中英语新人教版选择性必修第一册：课时作业(十五) Unit 5 Section ⅢUsing Language层级一课时跟踪检测维度1 单词拼写1．Good nutrition is ________ (必要的) if patients are to make a quick recovery.2．Apart from what you have mentioned above, do you have any ________ (其他的) plan?3．To reduce pollution and produce healthy food, some farmers have turned to ________ (有机的) farming.4．To my amazement, his opinion is similar to mine in many ________ (方面).5．It ________ (消化) your food and sends vitamins and minerals into the blood.6．It is always important to choose enjoyable, ________ (有营养的) foods.7．There is ________ (广泛的) support for the new proposals.8．These ________ (化学物质) in the food supply build up in people's bodies over time.9．It is high time that we forbade setting off fireworks in ________ (城镇的) areas.10．Just as the saying goes, “Nothing is to be got without pains but ________ (贫穷).”维度2 单句语法填空1．There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain that we had no alternative but ________ (wait).2．It is essential that he ________ (get) some reliable information before making inferences.3．As the educator puts it, ________ (expand) your knowledge by reading more books is a wise choice.4．________ some scientists have found is that their longterm use can sometimes harm both the land and people's health.5．She devoted herself ________ (entire) to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field.6．Organic farmers also use many other ________ (method) to produce rich soil.7．The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while ________ (avoid) damage to the environment or to people's health.8．Last year, the new electric power plant ________ (generate) enough energy to power the whole city.9．We, as ________ (educate) strongly oppose protecting children too much.10．We felt at home with her and were impressed with the ________ (deep) of her knowledge.维度3 完成句子1．阅读好书既能丰富我们的头脑又能教我们分辨是非。
关于成功的英语作文（一）关于成功的英语作文ThePersonalityCharacteristicsThatMakeYouSuccessful Whenwetalkaboutthosefamouspeople,weallliketoknowhowtheysucceed. Meanwhilewealladmiretheirpersonalspecialvirtueswhichleadthemtotriu mph.Anditisobviousthatmanysuccessfulpeoplehavesomepersonalitychar acteristicsincommon.AsfarasIconcerned,Ideemthatpersistence,prudence, confidenceandcouragearethemostimportant.当我们在谈论那些名人的时候，我们都想知道他们是如何取得成功的。
同时我们都很钦佩引导他们走向胜利的特别的个人美德。
很明显，许多成功的人都有一些共同的个性。
就我而言，我认为毅力，谨慎，自信和勇气是最重要的。
Firstly,Ithinkpersistenceshouldcomefirstbeforetheotherthreepersonalityc haracters.Asweallknowthatapersoncannotalwayssuccessfullyreachhisaim athisfirsttry,therearemanybarrierswaitingforhim.Thereforethepersonwillf ailmanytimesbeforehegetshisvictory.Ifhedoesn'tpersistintryingagainanda gainandmakeabreakthrough,thushewillstaystill,noprogress.Hemaynotmo veforwardorevenregress.Apersonwithoutthepersonalcharacterofpersiste ncecan’tfinallysucceedingettinghisgoal.首先，我认为毅力要比其他三个个性都要重要。
对成功是1%的天赋加99%的努力的看法英语作文When it comes to success, different people have different opinions about what makes it come true. Some people regard hard-working as an essential quality to success while others believe being clever would lead to success. From my point of view, I think perseverance and hard-working are indispensable for those who want to make an achievement.Firstly, perseverance let people step closely towards success. Most people want to make a big difference to prove their value. People who set their goal and keep moving would make their dream come true. However, there are some people who set their goal but they stop at the difficulty would fail in the end. I think the difference between success and failure is perseverance. If we have perseverance, even if we are not clever, we will make a great difference, but if we not, we are doomed to lose. As we all know, Edison is a great inventor in the world. However, before he invented the bulb, he kept trying for tens of thousands of times to find a suitable wire. Let us imagine, if he gave up at the 999th, then how he couldn’t become so successful. So, I strongly believe that perseverance produces success.Secondly, there is also a kind of people who are born with cleverness, I think they are lucky. Nevertheless, if they don’t make a hard work on their way to their goal, they, absolutely, will become loser. Whether we are gifted for intelligent, we must be hard-working so as to success. I regard hard-working as an efficient approach to be successful because I believe ‘pains and gains’. As for those who do not make great efforts on work, failure follows. In old times, there is a clever boy who can make excellent poem when he can talk. When his father found the little child’s cleverness, he just let the child make poems to show around while never let the boy learned anything. When the boy grew up, people forgot him because he lost the ability to compose poems and became ordinary as others. From this matter, we can see that only by hard-working can we get knowledge and make a good future.Anyway, I think perseverance and hard-working are both important in our way to success for they enhance us and produce success.。
《2024年高考英语新课标卷真题深度解析与考后提升》专题05阅读理解D篇（新课标I卷）原卷版(专家评价+全文翻译+三年真题+词汇变式+满分策略+话题变式)目录一、原题呈现P2二、答案解析P3三、专家评价P3四、全文翻译P3五、词汇变式P4(一)考纲词汇词形转换P4(二)考纲词汇识词知意P4(三)高频短语积少成多P5(四)阅读理解单句填空变式P5(五)长难句分析P6六、三年真题P7(一)2023年新课标I卷阅读理解D篇P7(二)2022年新课标I卷阅读理解D篇P8(三)2021年新课标I卷阅读理解D篇P9七、满分策略（阅读理解说明文）P10八、阅读理解变式P12 变式一：生物多样性研究、发现、进展6篇P12变式二：阅读理解D篇35题变式（科普研究建议类）6篇P20一原题呈现阅读理解D篇关键词: 说明文;人与社会;社会科学研究方法研究;生物多样性; 科学探究精神;科学素养In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observation s of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens(标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable?”Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru.Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity?“Quite a lot,” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places – and even species – that are not w ell-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.”32. What do we know about the records of species collected now?A. They are becoming outdated.B. They are mostly in electronic form.C. They are limited in number.D. They are used for public exhibition.33. What does Daru’s study focus on?A. Threatened species.B. Physical specimens.C. Observational data.D. Mobile applications.34. What has led to the biases according to the study?A. Mistakes in data analysis.B. Poor quality of uploaded pictures.C. Improper way of sampling.D. Unreliable data collection devices.35. What is Daru’s suggestion for biodiversity apps?A. Review data from certain areas.B. Hire experts to check the records.C. Confirm the identity of the users.D. Give guidance to citizen scientists.二答案解析三专家评价考查关键能力，促进思维品质发展2024年高考英语全国卷继续加强内容和形式创新，优化试题设问角度和方式，增强试题的开放性和灵活性，引导学生进行独立思考和判断，培养逻辑思维能力、批判思维能力和创新思维能力。
2023届安徽省卓越县中联盟高三下学期第二次联考英语试题（含听力）一、听力选择题1. When does the conversation take place?A．In the morning.B．At noon.C．In the evening2. Where did the man get the cat?A．From his neighbor.B．From a pet store.C．From a friend.3. Where did the woman go first?A．The post office.B．Her friend’s home.C．The supermarket4. What’s the possible relationship between the speakers?A．Doctor and patient.B．Teacher and student.C．Librarian and reader.5. Why does the woman probably like the new style of writing?A．She is better at this style.B．She likes trying new styles.C．She finds the normal style hard.二、听力选择题6. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What is the woman’s favorite music?A．Jazz.B．Rock.C．Classical.2. What will the woman arrange this Friday evening?A．A course of classical music.B．A party for her music teacher.C．A drum performance for her husband.7. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
托福写作高级词汇整理在托福的写作中，我们使用一些高级词汇去替换掉那些陈谷子烂芝麻的词汇可以帮助我们提高分数，为了帮助大家备考，下面小编给大家带来托福写作高级词汇整理。
托福写作高级词汇1) Come a long way 有很大的进步Human being has come a long from drinking and eating raw food to talking through cell phones.2) It is worthwhile to / it is worth doingIt is worthwhile to spend time in learning music and art, because they can benefit me for life time.3) Give credit for 归功于The convenience that commuters (通勤者)has now should give credit for the newly opened subway lines.4) Give sb. a competitive edge 给某人竞争优势Learning multiple languages give people a competitive edge in this demanding society.5) Remove the barrier for 为(发展，交流等)消除障碍Learning English is a way to remove the barrier for communicating with many foreigners./exchanging with exotic cultures.6) Be the cornerstone of 是的基石Believing in the correlation of hardworking and success is the cornerstone of American spirit.7) Be an essential ingredient of 是的条件A sound health is an essential ingredient of excellent academic performance.8) profit from/benefit from 从中获益People can profit/benefit from the advancement of moderntechnology, such as computers, the Internet and many digital devices.9) is an indispensable part of 是中不可或缺的一部分Advertising has become an indispensable part of our lives and it has been exerting profound influence on the way we live, work , play and learn.10) plays a pivotal role in 扮演者至关重要的角色It is universally acknowledged that education plays a pivotal role in individual success11) enable somebody to do something 是某人做某事The policy of restricting usage of plastic bags enables people to foster an awareness of environmental protection.12) get accustomed to do something 习惯于做某事People may need time to get accustomed to use less plastic bags which once brought us great convenience, but this practice will definitely benefit/better our environment.13) Someone can utilize something 使用，利用In this day and age, many individuals can utilize the Internet via computers or mobile phones.14) something is in the best interests of someone 最符合的利益Preserving the endangered animals is in the best interests of humanity.15) contribute to 促成(表原因)The restricting of private cars can contribute to the betterment of traffic condition in Beijing.16)be supposed to 应该People living in modern society are supposed to know health is more important than anything else.17)hold fast to 牢牢地把握住(fast 这里是坚实地 )This movie The Pursuit of Happiness tells people that they should hold fast to their dreams, like Chris said, When you havea dream, you should protect it.18)put a premium on/ put a high value on/cherish(vt.)/treasure(vt.) 珍视，重视Good parents always put a premium on children s education.19) bear in mind 牢记It is important to bear in mind that happiness comes from a person s inner feeling not the possession he/she has.托福写作高级词汇的整理, originally, formerly(后面须有相对应的latterly), principally, mainly, essentially, basically, fundamentally, to begin with, to start with, at the outset…, afterward, thereafter, after that, succeeding (adj.), what is more, furthermore (further more)…, eventually, in conclusion, to conclude, as a final point, last of all…(句末), in addition(句前), besides(句前), moreover(句前), additionally(句前)…(这些换用多用在句子间连接): plus, as well as, along with, in addition, bonus, with…(这些换用多用在句子间连接): otherwise, if not, before, or else…(后面只能接宾语，不能接句子), since, as to, in that, for the reason that, for, now that…(换用的时候需要注意与but的区别), moreover, nevertheless, nonetheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, 让步although, even thought, though, even if, while, despite the fact that…, singly, solely, rarely……, acutely, decidedly, deeply, exceedingly, greatly, highly,uncommonly, profoundly, unusually…, in fact, in point of fact, in reality, literal ly, truly …名词, case, trouble, difficulty, dilemma(注意与Problem之间差别), discussion, assembly, conclave, congress, convention, gathering session, assignation, encounter, confrontation, argument, controversy…(此词仅有名词词性, consideration, contemplation, inspection, investigation, knowledge, scholarship…, weakness, inconvenience, drawback, deficiency, flaw, handicap (also v. 妨碍, conduct, life style托福写作中的高级词汇当我们在学习英语的时候，总是在听说一些传说中的“高级词”，而且感觉只要用上了这些高级词，我们的作文分数就立即如孙悟空一样飞升了起来，但是到底什么是高级词?只要用了“高级词”，我们作文分数就一定有大幅的提升么?其实很简单，我们看一下从小就学过的《背影》中的两段名句“他用两手攀着上面，两脚再向上缩;他肥胖的身子向左微倾，显出努力的样子。
你认为成功的要素有哪些英语怎样才能获得成功呢?取得成功需要具备哪些要素?店铺精心为大家搜集整理了成功的要素英语，大家一起来看看吧。
成功的要素英语篇1：自信是成功的必备 Confidence Is the Way to SuccessLin Hao, in face of so great a catastrophe, did not evade but gave his hands to his classmates. It was his confidence and calmness that gave others the second life. I am proud of him. To be honest, Lin Hao is my little hero in my heart.Bernard Shaw has ever said a word. "Those who have confidence can transform smallness into greatness and make mediocre things look beautiful''. In another word, self-confidence is the first step to success. Thus, no matter when and what, we do not allow ourselves to be discouraged. Lin Hao's experience tells us that confidence is very important to us. It also reminds me of my own experience during the first year of senior middle school. After I entered senior school, I found it really hard for me to learn math well. There were so many problems which I didn't understand that I did badly in exams. Both my parents and math teachers believed that I couldn't learn math well. One day I met a difficult problem which took me nearly an hour to work it out. Nonetheless，I realized that I was the only one in my class to work it out! That really built up my confidence in math. Finally I became very good at math and my math teacher was surprised by my progress. It was confidence that helped me overcome the difficulty.If a person wants to be successful, the first thing to do is to get confidence, as success is the body of confidence.成功的要素英语篇2To be or nor to be, that is a question. To succeed or to fail? How to succeed and how to achieve? These problems confuse many teenagers in nowadays.做与不做，这是一个问题。
当前,计算机技术与网络技术得到了较快发展,计算机软件工程进入到社会各个领域当中,使很多操作实现了自动化,得到了人们的普遍欢迎,解放了大量的人力.为了适应时代的发展,社会各个领域大力引进计算机软件工程.下面是软件工程英文参考文献105个，供大家参考阅读。
软件工程英文参考文献一：[1]Carine Khalil,Sabine Khalil. Exploring knowledge management in agile software development organizations[J]. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal,2020,16(4).[2]Kevin A. Gary,Ruben Acuna,Alexandra Mehlhase,Robert Heinrichs,Sohum Sohoni. SCALING TO MEET THE ONLINE DEMAND IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING[J]. International Journal on Innovations in Online Education,2020,4(1).[3]Hosseini Hadi,Zirakjou Abbas,Goodarzi Vahabodin,Mousavi Seyyed Mohammad,Khonakdar Hossein Ali,Zamanlui Soheila. Lightweight aerogels based on bacterial cellulose/silver nanoparticles/polyaniline with tuning morphology of polyaniline and application in soft tissue engineering.[J]. International journal of biological macromolecules,2020,152.[4]Dylan G. Kelly,Patrick Seeling. Introducing underrepresented high school students to software engineering: Using the micro:bit microcontroller to program connected autonomous cars[J]. Computer Applications in Engineering Education,2020,28(3).[5]. Soft Computing; Research Conducted at School of Computing Science and Engineering Has Updated Our Knowledge about Soft Computing (Indeterminate Likert scale: feedback based on neutrosophy, its distance measures and clustering algorithm)[J]. News of Science,2020.[6]. Engineering; New Engineering Findings from Hanyang University Outlined (Can-based Aging Monitoring Technique for Automotive Asics With Efficient Soft Error Resilience)[J]. Journal of Transportation,2020.[7]. Engineering - Software Engineering; New Findings from University of Michigan in the Area of Software Engineering Reported (Multi-criteria Test Cases Selection for Model Transformations)[J]. Journal of Transportation,2020.[8]Tamas Galli,Francisco Chiclana,Francois Siewe. Software Product Quality Models, Developments, Trends, and Evaluation[J]. SN Computer Science,2020,1(2).[9]. Infotech; Infotech Joins BIM for Bridges and Structures Transportation Pooled Fund Project as an Official Software Advisor[J]. Computer TechnologyJournal,2020.[10]. Engineering; Study Findings from Beijing Jiaotong University Provide New Insights into Engineering (Analyzing Software Rejuvenation Techniques In a Virtualized System: Service Provider and User Views)[J]. Computer Technology Journal,2020.[11]. Soft Computing; Data on Soft Computing Reported by Researchers at Sakarya University (An exponential jerk system, its fractional-order form with dynamical analysis and engineering application)[J]. Computer Technology Journal,2020.[12]. Engineering; Studies from Henan University Yield New Data on Engineering (Extracting Phrases As Software Features From Overlapping Sentence Clusters In Product Descriptions)[J]. Computer Technology Journal,2020.[13]. Engineering; Data from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Provide New Insights into Engineering (A Systematic Study to Improve the Requirements Engineering Process in the Domain of Global Software Development)[J]. 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Engineering - Medical and Biological Engineering; Reports from Heriot-Watt University Describe Recent Advances in Medical and Biological Engineering (A Novel Palpation-based Method for Tumor Nodule Quantification In Soft Tissue-computational Framework and Experimental Validation)[J]. Journal of Engineering,2020.[20]. Engineering - Industrial Engineering; Studies from Xi'an Jiaotong University Have Provided New Data on Industrial Engineering (Dc Voltage Control Strategy of Three-terminal Medium-voltage Power Electronic Transformer-based Soft Normally Open Points)[J]. Journal of Engineering,2020.[21]. Engineering; Reports from Hohai University Add New Data to Findings in Engineering (Soft Error Resilience of Deep Residual Networks for Object Recognition)[J]. Journal of Engineering,2020.[22]. Engineering - Mechanical Engineering; Study Data from K.N. Toosi University of Technology Update Understanding of Mechanical Engineering (Coupled Directional Dilation-Damage Approach to Model the Cyclic-Undrained Response of Soft Clay under Pure Principal Stress Axes Rotation)[J]. Journal of Engineering,2020.[23]. Soft Computing; Researchers from Abes Engineering College Report Details of New Studies and Findings in the Area of Soft Computing (An intelligent personalized web blog searching technique using fuzzy-based feedback recurrent neural network)[J]. Network Weekly News,2020.[24]. Engineering; Studies from University of Alexandria in the Area of Engineering Reported (Software Defined Network-Based Management for Enhanced 5G Network Services)[J]. Network Weekly News,2020.[25]. Soft Computing; Data on Soft Computing Discussed by Researchers at Department of Electrical and Communication Engineering [A metaheuristic optimization model for spectral allocation in cognitive networks based on ant colony algorithm (M-ACO)][J]. Computer Technology Journal,2020.[26]. Engineering - Software Engineering; Complutense University Madrid Reports Findings in Software Engineering (Recolibry Suite: a Set of Intelligent Tools for the Development of Recommender Systems)[J]. Computer Technology Journal,2020.[27]. Engineering - Software Engineering; Data on Software Engineering Reported by Researchers at Gautam Buddha University (A novel quality prediction model for component based software system using ACO-NM optimized extreme learning machine)[J]. Computer Technology Journal,2020.[28]. Soft Computing; New Soft Computing Study Findings Recently Were Reported by Researchers at University College of Engineering (A novel QIM-DCT based fusion approach for classification of remote sensing images via PSO and SVM models)[J]. Computer Technology Journal,2020.[29]Morshedloo Fatemeh,Khoshfetrat Ali Baradar,Kazemi Davoud,Ahmadian Mehri. Gelatin improves peroxidase-mediated alginate hydrogel characteristics as a potential injectable hydrogel for soft tissue engineering applications.[J]. Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials,2020.[30]Jung-Chieh Lee,Chung-Yang Chen. Exploring the team dynamic learning process in software process tailoring performance[J]. Journal of Enterprise Information Management,2020,33(3).[31]. Soft Computing; Study Results from Velammal Engineering College in the Area of Soft Computing Reported (Efficient routing in UASN during the thermohaline environment condition to improve the propagation delay and throughput)[J]. Mathematics Week,2020.[32]. Soft Matter; Findings from School of Materials Science and Engineering Provide New Insights into Soft Matter (A practical guide to active colloids: choosing synthetic model systems for soft matter physics research)[J]. Physics Week,2020.[33]Julio César Puche-Regaliza,Alfredo Jiménez,Pablo Arranz-Val. Diagnosis of Software Projects Based on the Viable System Model[J]. Systemic Practice and Action Research,2020,33(1).[34]Meinert Edward,Milne-Ives Madison,Surodina Svitlana,Lam Ching. Agile requirements engineering and software planning for a digital health platform to engage the effects of isolation caused by social distancing: A case study and feasibility study protocol.[J]. JMIR public health and surveillance,2020.[35]. Engineering - Civil Engineering; Studies Conducted at Shandong Jianzhu University on Civil Engineering Recently Published (Seismic Response Analysis and Control of Frame Structures with Soft First Storey under Near-Fault Ground Motions)[J]. Journal of Engineering,2020.软件工程英文参考文献二：[36]Chao-ze Lu,Guo-sun Zeng,Ying-jie Xie. Bigraph specification of software architecture and evolution analysis in mobile computing environment[J]. Future Generation Computer Systems,2020,108.[37]Ompal Singh, Saurabh Panwar, P. K. Kapur.. Determining SoftwareTime-to-Market and Testing Stop Time when Release Time is a Change-Point[J]. International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences,2020,5(2).[38]Ayushi Verma,Neetu Sardana,Sangeeta Lal. Developer Recommendation for Stack Exchange Software Engineering Q&A Website based on K-Means clustering and Developer Social Network Metric[J]. Procedia Computer Science,2020,167.[39]Jagdeep Singh,Sachin Bagga,Ranjodh Kaur. Software-based Prediction of Liver Disease with Feature Selection and Classification Techniques[J]. Procedia Computer Science,2020,167.[40]. Engineering - Software Engineering; Studies from Concordia University Update Current Data on Software Engineering (On the impact of using trivial packages: an empirical case study on npm and PyPI)[J]. Computer Technology Journal,2020.[41]. Engineering - Software Engineering; Study Findings from University of Alberta Broaden Understanding of Software Engineering (Building the perfect game - an empirical study of game modifications)[J]. Computer Technology Journal,2020.[42]. Engineering - Software Engineering; Investigators at National Research Council (CNR) Detail Findings in Software Engineering [A Framework for Quantitative Modeling and Analysis of Highly (Re)Configurable Systems][J]. Computer Technology Journal,2020.[43]. Engineering - Knowledge Engineering; Data from University of Paris Saclay Provide New Insights into Knowledge Engineering (Dynamic monitoring of software use with recurrent neural networks)[J]. Computer Technology Journal,2020.[44]. Engineering - Circuits Research; Findings from Federal University Santa Maria Yields New Data on Circuits Research (A New Cpfsk Demodulation Approach for Software Defined Radio)[J]. Computer Technology Journal,2020.[45]. 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A Comprehensive Software Project Management Framework[J]. Journal of Computer and Communications,2020,08(03).[50]. Soft Computing; Researchers from Air Force Engineering University Describe Findings in Soft Computing (Random orthocenter strategy in interior search algorithm and its engineering application)[J]. Journal of Mathematics,2020.[51]. Soft Computing; Study Findings on Soft Computing Are Outlined in Reports from Department of Mechanical Engineering (Constrained design optimization of selected mechanical system components using Rao algorithms)[J]. Mathematics Week,2020.[52]Iqbal Javed,Ahmad Rodina B,Khan Muzafar,Fazal-E-Amin,Alyahya Sultan,Nizam Nasir Mohd Hairul,Akhunzada Adnan,Shoaib Muhammad. Requirements engineering issues causing software development outsourcing failure.[J]. PloS one,2020,15(4).[53]Raymond C.Z. Cohen,Simon M. Harrison,Paul W. Cleary. 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1.【考点分析】本题为修辞目的题，注意此类题目并不是考例子本身，而是要寻找其修辞的目的，然后与选项进行对比。
关键词为“英国有大量的煤”，在此前的几句话说大英帝国能源短缺，举例说明作为主要热源的木材供应减少，燃煤多但不能有效地转化成机械能。
这说明什么呢，这说明英国的能源短缺不是因为燃料缺乏，选C.【选项分析】A. 为了反对“18世纪英国面临能源短缺”的说法(根据原文，煤储量大这一事实，并不是构成反对能源短缺说的理由，这一选项与原文矛盾)B.为了解释为什么是煤，而不是其它能源变成了18世纪英国的主要民用与工业热量来源。
(偷梁换柱型干扰项。
根据本段倒数第3句话，当时主要的能量来源是木材)C.为了表明英国的能源短缺不是缺乏燃料所致(正确：not the result of a lack of fuel 与原文的had large amounts of coal 形成对应)D.该选项是玩穿越，本段并没有提到19世纪，更没有提到采煤成为19世纪主要行业)2. 【考点分析】本题为细节题，考察利用关键词定位以及对同一含义的不同词汇与句子结构的理解能力。
要想让18世纪的工业革命成为可能，一定要得以解决的“能源方面的问题”是什么?根据第一段前半部分，能源是工业革命兴起的主要原因毋庸置疑，那么能源问题是什么呢?根据关键词“the problem of energy” 定位到倒数第2句话：”Great Britain had large amounts of coal; however, there we re not yet efficient means by which to produce mechanical energy or to power machinery.” 这句话表明，能源问题就是有燃料但缺乏用燃料来驱动机器的有效方式，这个问题必须得到解决才能使得工业革命成为可能，所以选B。
注意：means 和ways 是近义词，另外阅读里经常还有method, approach, avenue.【选项分析】A. 水与风不能得到有效的利用(这个选项与第一段第3句意义矛盾)B. 缺乏驱动机器的有效方式(正确：对应第一段的倒数第2句)C.蒸汽引擎需要大量的煤，而煤是供应不足的(与倒数第2句矛盾，原文说Great Britain had large amounts of coal)D.人类与动物都不够强壮，无法为工业活动提供能源(是第2句的偷梁换柱，原文说18世纪之前，人们的能量来源有植物、动物与人力)3. 【考点分析】本题为排除信息题，考查蒸汽引擎引发的纱厂变化除了哪一个。
